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KR20160109981A - Selective catalytic reduction system - Google Patents

Selective catalytic reduction system Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20160109981A
KR20160109981A KR1020150065845A KR20150065845A KR20160109981A KR 20160109981 A KR20160109981 A KR 20160109981A KR 1020150065845 A KR1020150065845 A KR 1020150065845A KR 20150065845 A KR20150065845 A KR 20150065845A KR 20160109981 A KR20160109981 A KR 20160109981A
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South Korea
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exhaust gas
injection nozzle
reducing agent
static mixer
scr reactor
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김건호
양희성
한주석
박남기
김문규
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현대중공업 주식회사
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. by adjusting the dosing of reducing agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2896—Liquid catalyst carrier
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/14—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for modifying or adapting flow area or back-pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y02T10/24—
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

SCR 시스템은 배기가스 내의 유해 성분을 제거하는 SCR 반응기; 배기가스를 공급받아 SCR 반응기 측으로 유입시키는 배기 라인; 배기 라인 내에 환원제를 분사하는 분사 노즐; 분사 노즐의 상류에 설치된 방해판; 및 분사 노즐의 하류에 설치된 스태틱 믹서를 포함한다.
배기가스의 흐름 방향으로 방해판, 분사 노즐 및 스태틱 믹서가 순차적으로 이격 배치되며, 이때 방해판에 의해 유발되는 난류와 스태틱 믹서에 의해 유발되는 회전류가 동시에 발생하여 환원제와 배기가스의 균일 혼합에 이중으로 기여한다.
이에 따라, 배기가스 중의 환원제 농도 균일도를 향상시킬 수 있고, 배기가스와 환원제 간 균일 혼합을 위한 소요 공간 및 체류 시간을 단축시킬 수 있게 된다.The SCR system comprises an SCR reactor for removing harmful components in the exhaust gas; An exhaust line which is supplied with exhaust gas and flows into the SCR reactor side; An injection nozzle for injecting a reducing agent into the exhaust line; An obstruction plate provided upstream of the injection nozzle; And a static mixer installed downstream of the injection nozzle.
In this case, the turbulence induced by the baffle plate and the rotating current induced by the static mixer are generated at the same time to uniformly mix the reducing agent and the exhaust gas. Contributing double.
Accordingly, the uniformity of the reducing agent concentration in the exhaust gas can be improved, and the space and residence time for uniform mixing between the exhaust gas and the reducing agent can be shortened.

Description

SCR 시스템{SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION SYSTEM}SCR System {SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION SYSTEM}

본 발명은 SCR 시스템에 관한 것으로, 특히 분사 노즐을 통해 분사되는 환원제를 배기가스에 균일 혼합하여 SCR 반응기에 유입시킴으로써 질소 산화물(NOx) 제거 성능을 향상시킬 수 있고, 배기가스와 환원제 간 균일 혼합을 위한 소요 공간 및 체류 시간을 단축시킬 수 있는 SCR 시스템에 관한 것이다.In particular, the present invention relates to an SCR system, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for reducing the NOx removal performance by uniformly mixing a reducing agent injected through an injection nozzle into an exhaust gas and introducing the reducing agent into an SCR reactor, And more particularly, to an SCR system capable of shortening a required space and a residence time.

일반적으로 선박이나 자동차, 발전소 등의 엔진에서 연소 후 배출되는 배기가스에는 다수의 부유성 미립자와 질소 산화물인 NOx, 황산화물인 SOx 등의 유해성 물질이 포함되어 있다.Generally, exhaust gas discharged after combustion in an engine such as a ship, an automobile, or a power plant includes a large number of suspended particles, NOx (NOx), and SOx (sulfur oxides).

따라서 엔진의 배기 라인에는 매연 여과 장치(DPF: Diesel Particulate Filter), 선택적 촉매 환원 장치(SCR: Selective Catalytic Reduction), 스크러버(Scrubber, SOx 제거) 등을 설치하여 배기가스 내의 유해 성분을 제거하고 있다.Therefore, the exhaust line of the engine is provided with a diesel particulate filter (DPF), a selective catalytic reduction (SCR), and a scrubber (SOx removal) to remove harmful components in the exhaust gas.

이 중에서 SCR 시스템은 배기가스 내의 질소 산화물(NOx)를 촉매(Catalyst) 층에서 암모니아(NH3), 우레아(Urea) 등의 환원제와 화학적으로 반응시켜 인체에 무해한 물과 질소로 분해한 후 배출시키는 장치이다.Among them, the SCR system chemically reacts nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust gas with reducing agents such as ammonia (NH3) and urea in the catalyst layer to decompose them into harmless water and nitrogen, to be.

종래의 SCR 시스템에서는 SCR 반응기에 유입되는 배기가스에 환원제를 주입하는 경우에, 탱크에 저장된 액체 상태의 환원제(우레아 수용액이나 암모니아수)를 분사하여 주입하는데, 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 분사 노즐(20)에 환원제와 압축공기를 함께 인가하여서 압축공기로 환원제를 무화시켜서 주입하게 된다.In the conventional SCR system, when the reducing agent is injected into the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR reactor, the reducing agent (urea aqueous solution or ammonia water) in the liquid state stored in the tank is injected and injected. As shown in FIG. 1, 20, a reducing agent and compressed air are applied together to atomize the reducing agent with compressed air.

배기 라인(10) 중의 SCR 반응기(30)로 유입되는 배기가스에 환원제를 무화 상태로 분사하면, SCR 반응기(30)에서의 화학 반응 속도를 높여 SCR 시스템의 성능, 즉 질소 산화물(NOx) 제거 성능을 향상시킬 수 있다.When the reducing agent is injected in an atomized state into the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR reactor 30 in the exhaust line 10, the chemical reaction speed in the SCR reactor 30 is increased to improve the performance of the SCR system, that is, the NOx removal performance Can be improved.

분사 노즐(20)을 통해 분사되는 액체 상태의 환원제는 짧은 시간 내에 고온의 배기가스 내에서 기화된다. 이때 환원제를 얼마나 고르게 미세한 입자로 분사해 주느냐 여부는 SCR 시스템의 성능에 매우 지대한 영향을 주는 요소이다.The liquid reducing agent injected through the injection nozzle 20 is vaporized in a high temperature exhaust gas within a short time. Whether the reducing agent is injected into fine particles is a very important factor in the performance of the SCR system.

그러나, SCR 반응기(30)로 유입되는 배기가스에 환원제를 분사하여 주입하는 경우에 분사 노즐(20)에 의한 환원제 분사가 일정 각도 범위 내에서 이루어져서 환원제가 배기가스에 균일한 농도로 혼합되지 않아 SCR 시스템의 성능을 저하시키게 되는 문제점이 있다.However, when the reducing agent is injected into the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR reactor 30 and the reducing agent is injected by the injection nozzle 20 within a certain angle range, the reducing agent is not mixed with the exhaust gas at a uniform concentration, There is a problem that the performance of the system is deteriorated.

특히 SCR 시스템의 용량이 커질수록 환원제를 분사하여 배기가스와 균일하게 혼합하기 위해서는 보다 큰 공간과 긴 체류 시간이 필요하나, 실제 확보 가능한 공간과 체류 시간은 현실적으로 제약을 가지게 되는 문제점이 있다.Particularly, as the capacity of the SCR system increases, a larger space and a longer residence time are required in order to uniformly mix the reducing agent with the exhaust gas. However, there is a problem that the actual available space and residence time are limited.

한국 등록특허 제10-1402375호, 공고일: 2014.06.03.Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1402375, Date of Notification: 2014.06.03.

본 발명은 상술한 바와 같은 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 제안된 것으로, 그 목적은 분사 노즐을 통해 분사되는 환원제를 배기가스에 보다 균일한 농도로 혼합하여 SCR 반응기에 유입시킴으로써 질소 산화물(NOx) 제거 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 SCR 시스템을 제공하고자 하는 것이다.The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust gas purifying apparatus, which is capable of mixing a reducing agent injected through an injection nozzle at a more uniform concentration into an exhaust gas, And to provide an SCR system capable of improving the removal performance.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 배기가스와 분사 노즐을 통해 분사되는 환원제 간 균일 혼합을 위한 소요 공간 및 체류 시간을 단축시킬 수 있는 SCR 시스템을 제공하고자 하는 것이다.Another object of the present invention is to provide an SCR system capable of shortening a space and a residence time for uniform mixing of exhaust gas and a reducing agent injected through an injection nozzle.

본 발명이 이루고자 하는 기술적 과제는 이상에서 언급한 기술적 과제들로 제한되지 않으며, 언급되지 않은 또 다른 기술적 과제들은 아래의 기재로부터 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 명확하게 이해될 수 있을 것이다.It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are not to be construed as limiting the invention as defined by the appended art. It will be possible.

전술한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 SCR 시스템은 배기가스 내의 유해 성분을 제거하는 SCR 반응기; 배기가스를 공급받아 상기 SCR 반응기 측으로 유입시키는 배기 라인; 상기 배기 라인 내에 환원제를 분사하는 분사 노즐; 상기 분사 노즐의 상류에 설치된 방해판; 및 상기 분사 노즐의 하류에 설치된 스태틱 믹서를 포함한다.According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an SCR system comprising: an SCR reactor for removing harmful components in an exhaust gas; An exhaust line supplied with exhaust gas and flowing into the SCR reactor; An injection nozzle for injecting a reducing agent into the exhaust line; An obstruction plate disposed upstream of the injection nozzle; And a static mixer disposed downstream of the injection nozzle.

본 발명에 따른 SCR 시스템에서, 상기 방해판에서 생성되는 난류와 상기 스태틱 믹서의 구동시 생성되는 회전류에 의해 배기가스와 환원제가 균일하게 혼합되어 상기 SCR 반응기로 유입될 수 있다.In the SCR system according to the present invention, the exhaust gas and the reducing agent may be uniformly mixed by the turbulence generated in the throttle plate and the rotating current generated when the static mixer is driven, and may be introduced into the SCR reactor.

본 발명에 따른 SCR 시스템에서, 상기 방해판은 상기 분사 노즐에 인접 설치될 수 있다.In the SCR system according to the present invention, the obstruction plate may be installed adjacent to the injection nozzle.

본 발명에 따른 SCR 시스템에서, 상기 방해판의 중심부, 상기 분사 노즐의 출구 및 상기 스태틱 믹서의 중심부가 동일 축 상에 놓이도록 구성될 수 있다.In the SCR system according to the present invention, the center portion of the obstruction plate, the outlet of the injection nozzle, and the central portion of the static mixer may be arranged on the same axis.

본 발명에 따른 SCR 시스템에서, 상기 분사 노즐의 상류에 복수 개의 방해판이 소정 간격으로 설치될 수 있다.In the SCR system according to the present invention, a plurality of obstruction plates may be provided at predetermined intervals upstream of the injection nozzle.

본 발명의 SCR 시스템에 따르면, 분사 노즐을 통해 분사되는 환원제를 배기가스에 보다 균일한 농도로 혼합하여 SCR 반응기에 유입시킴으로써 질소 산화물(NOx) 제거 성능을 향상시킬 수 있게 된다.According to the SCR system of the present invention, the reducing agent injected through the injection nozzle is mixed with the exhaust gas at a more uniform concentration and introduced into the SCR reactor, thereby improving the NOx removal performance.

또한 본 발명의 SCR 시스템에 따르면, 배기가스와 분사 노즐을 통해 분사되는 환원제 간 균일 혼합을 위한 소요 공간 및 체류 시간을 단축시킬 수 있게 된다.Further, according to the SCR system of the present invention, it is possible to shorten a space and a residence time for uniform mixing between exhaust gas and a reducing agent injected through an injection nozzle.

도 1은 종래 SCR 시스템의 환원제 주입을 보인 도면.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 SCR 시스템의 환원제 주입을 예시한 도면.
도 3은 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 SCR 시스템의 환원제 주입을 예시한 도면.1 is a view showing a reducing agent injection in a conventional SCR system.
Figure 2 illustrates reductant injection of an SCR system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 illustrates reductant injection of an SCR system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

이하에서는 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 SCR 시스템에 대해서 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, an SCR system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 SCR 시스템의 환원제 주입을 예시한 도면이다.2 is a diagram illustrating reductant injection in an SCR system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 SCR 시스템은 도시된 바와 같이, SCR 반응기(110), 스태틱 믹서(120), 분사 노즐(130) 및 방해판(140)을 포함한다.The SCR system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an SCR reactor 110, a static mixer 120, an injection nozzle 130, and a baffle plate 140, as shown in FIG.

엔진(미도시)에서 배출되는 배기가스는 배기 라인(100)을 통해 SCR 반응기(110)로 유도된다. 배기 라인(100)은 엔진의 배기가스를 받아 SCR 반응기(110) 측으로 유입시킨다.The exhaust gas discharged from the engine (not shown) is led to the SCR reactor 110 through the exhaust line 100. The exhaust line 100 receives the exhaust gas of the engine and flows into the SCR reactor 110 side.

SCR 반응기(110)는 배기 라인(100) 상에 설치되며 배기 라인(100)을 통해 유입되는 배기가스를 내부에 설치된 촉매층으로 통과시켜 배기가스 내의 유해 성분을 제거하게 된다.The SCR reactor 110 is installed on the exhaust line 100 and passes the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust line 100 to a catalyst layer disposed therein to remove harmful components in the exhaust gas.

분사 노즐(130)은 SCR 반응기(110)의 전단에 설치되어 배기 라인(100) 중의 SCR 반응기(110)로 유입되는 배기가스에 환원제를 분사하되 압축공기와 액체 상태 환원제(우레아 수용액이나 암모니아수)의 혼합 분사에 의해 액체 상태의 환원제를 무화시켜서 분사하게 된다.The injection nozzle 130 is installed at a front end of the SCR reactor 110 and injects a reducing agent into the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR reactor 110 in the exhaust line 100 so that the compressed air and the liquid state reducing agent (urea aqueous solution or ammonia water) The reducing agent is atomized in the liquid state by the mixed injection and is sprayed.

즉 분사 노즐(130)은 압축공기와 액체 상태의 환원제를 인가받아서 공기와 액체의 혼합 분사로 액체를 미립화하여 배기 라인(100) 중의 SCR 반응기(110)로 유입되는 배기가스에 환원제를 무화 상태로 미립화하여 고르게 분사한다.That is, the injection nozzle 130 receives the compressed air and the reducing agent in a liquid state, atomizes the liquid by mixing the air and the liquid, and atomizes the reducing agent into the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR reactor 110 in the exhaust line 100 Atomize and spray evenly.

무화 상태로 분사된 환원제는 기화되면서 암모니아 가스로 분해되고 배기 라인(100)을 통해 유입되는 배기가스와 혼합되어 SCR 반응기(110)로 유입된다.The reducing agent injected in the atomized state is decomposed into ammonia gas while being vaporized and mixed with the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust line 100, and flows into the SCR reactor 110.

분사 노즐(130)을 통해 분사된 환원제가 섞인 배기가스는 SCR 반응기(110)로 유입된다. 이때 환원제와 배기가스와의 균일한 혼합은 SCR 시스템의 성능을 항상 일정하게 유지하는데 가장 중요한 요소 중의 하나이다.The exhaust gas mixed with the reducing agent injected through the injection nozzle 130 flows into the SCR reactor 110. At this time, the uniform mixing of the reducing agent and the exhaust gas is one of the most important factors to keep the performance of the SCR system constant at all times.

이에 스태틱 믹서(120)는 배기 라인(100) 상에 장착되어 배기 라인(100) 중의 배기가스와 환원제를 균일 혼합하기 위한 것으로, 분사 노즐(130)의 하류에, 분사 노즐(130)로부터 일정 거리만큼 이격된 위치에 설치되어서, 분사 노즐(130)에 의해 분사된 환원제를 배기가스에 균일 농도로 혼합시켜 준다.The static mixer 120 is mounted on the exhaust line 100 and uniformly mixes the exhaust gas in the exhaust line 100 with the reducing agent. The static mixer 120 is disposed downstream of the injection nozzle 130, So that the reducing agent injected by the injection nozzle 130 is mixed with the exhaust gas at a uniform concentration.

전술한 스태틱 믹서(120)는 분사 노즐(130)의 하류에서 배기 라인(100) 중의 배기가스에 대하여 회전류(swirl)를 발생시킴으로써 분사 노즐(130)에 의해 분사된 환원제(예컨대 우레아 액적)와 배기 라인(100)을 통과하는 배기가스 간의 열 전달 및 혼화를 촉진하여 환원제가 배기가스에 균일 농도로 혼합될 수 있도록 한다.The static mixer 120 described above generates a swirl in the exhaust gas in the exhaust line 100 downstream of the injection nozzle 130 to generate a reducing agent (for example, a urea droplet) injected by the injection nozzle 130 Promotes heat transfer and mixing between the exhaust gases passing through the exhaust line 100 so that the reducing agent can be mixed with the exhaust gas at a uniform concentration.

일 실시예에서, 스태틱 믹서(120)는 배기 라인(100)의 내부에 고정 설치되며, 회전 가능한 복수 개(예컨대, 2개나 4개)의 날개를 구비하여 구동시 회전류를 발생시킨다.In one embodiment, the static mixer 120 is fixedly installed inside the exhaust line 100 and includes a plurality of rotatable blades (e.g., two or four) to generate a rotating current during driving.

아울러, 방해판(140)이 분사 노즐(130)의 상류에 설치되어 분사 노즐(130)의 상류에서 난류 현상을 유발함으로써 배기 라인(100) 내에 분사되는 환원제와 배기 라인(100)을 통과하는 배기가스 간의 열 전달 및 혼화를 촉진하여 환원제가 배기가스가스에 보다 균일한 농도로 혼합될 수 있도록 한다.The obstruction plate 140 is installed upstream of the injection nozzle 130 to induce a turbulent flow in the upstream of the injection nozzle 130 so that the reducing agent injected into the exhaust line 100 and the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust line 100 Thereby promoting heat transfer and mixing between the gases so that the reducing agent can be mixed with the exhaust gas gas at a more uniform concentration.

전술한 방해판(140)은 배기가스의 흐름 방향에 설치되며, 배기 라인(100)을 통과하는 배기가스의 흐름을 막아 주변에 난류를 발생시켜 혼합이 잘 이루어지도록 한다.The obstruction plate 140 is installed in the exhaust gas flow direction and blocks the flow of the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust line 100 to generate turbulence around the obstruction plate 140 so that the mixture can be well performed.

이때 배치 순서는 배기가스의 흐름 방향을 따라 방해판(140), 분사 노즐(130) 및 스태틱 믹서(120)가 순차적으로 이격 배치되는 것이 효율적이다.At this time, it is effective that the baffle plate 140, the injection nozzle 130, and the static mixer 120 are sequentially spaced apart from each other along the flow direction of the exhaust gas.

이와 같이 분사 노즐(130)의 상/하류에 방해판(140) 및 스태틱 믹서(120)를 동시에 설치하는 경우, 먼저 배기 라인(100)을 통과하는 배기가스가 방해판(140)에 부딪쳐서 방해판(140)의 주변에 난류를 생성함으로써 환원제와 배기가스 간 균일 혼합에 기여한다.When the obstruction plate 140 and the static mixer 120 are simultaneously installed on the upstream and downstream of the injection nozzle 130, the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust line 100 first hits the obstruction plate 140, Thereby creating a turbulent flow in the periphery of the exhaust gas 140, thereby contributing to homogeneous mixing between the reducing agent and the exhaust gas.

또한 방해판(140) 주변으로 난류 현상이 발생하여 혼합 교반에 적합한 조건이 얻어진 후, 스태틱 믹서(120)가 회전하며 분사 노즐(130) 측으로부터 인가되는 환원제가 포함된 배기가스의 흐름과 부딪쳐서 회전류를 유발하여 소용돌이를 생성함으로써 환원제와 배기가스 간 균일 혼합에 기여한다.The static mixer 120 rotates and collides with the flow of the exhaust gas containing the reducing agent applied from the side of the injection nozzle 130, Thereby generating a swirling current, thereby contributing to uniform mixing between the reducing agent and the exhaust gas.

환원제가 섞인 배기가스는 방해판(140), 분사 노즐(130) 및 스태틱 믹서(120)를 거치면서 균일하게 혼합되어 이어서 SCR 반응기(110)로 유입된다.The exhaust gas mixed with the reducing agent is uniformly mixed while passing through the obstruction plate 140, the injection nozzle 130 and the static mixer 120, and then flows into the SCR reactor 110.

이에 SCR 반응기(110)는 환원제가 균일한 농도로 혼합된 배기가스를 인가받아서 해당 배기가스의 질소산화물(NOx)을 보다 효율적으로 제거할 수 있다.Accordingly, the SCR reactor 110 can remove the nitrogen oxides (NOx) of the exhaust gas by receiving the exhaust gas mixed with the uniform concentration of the reducing agent.

방해판(140)에 의해 유발되는 난류 현상과 스태틱 믹서(120)에 의해 유발되는 회전류는 동시에 발생하여 환원제와 배기가스의 균일 혼합에 이중으로 기여한다.The turbulence caused by the obstruction plate 140 and the rotating current induced by the static mixer 120 are generated at the same time and contribute to the homogeneous mixing of the reducing agent and the exhaust gas.

즉 방해판(140)은 분사 노즐(130)의 상류에서 배기가스의 흐름에 1차로 난류를 생성하고, 이와 동시에 스태틱 믹서(120)는 분사 노즐(130)의 하류에서 배기가스의 흐름에 2차로 회전류를 생성함으로써, 분사 노즐(130)에 의해 무화되어 분사된 환원제와 배기가스 간의 열 전달 및 혼화를 촉진한다.That is, the obstruction plate 140 generates a first turbulent flow in the exhaust gas flow upstream of the injection nozzle 130, and at the same time, the static mixer 120 generates a second flow of the exhaust gas downstream of the injection nozzle 130 By generating the return current, the heat transfer and mixing between the reducing agent atomized by the injection nozzle 130 and the exhaust gas is promoted.

분사 노즐(130)을 중심으로 분사 노즐(130)의 상류와 하류에 각각 설치되는 방해판(140)과 스태틱 믹서(120)는 배기가스와 환원제 간 균일 혼합을 유도하여 환원제의 농도 균일화에 기여하는 것이다.The obstruction plate 140 and the static mixer 120 installed at the upstream and downstream of the injection nozzle 130 around the injection nozzle 130 induce homogeneous mixing between the exhaust gas and the reducing agent to contribute to the uniformization of the concentration of the reducing agent will be.

그럼으로써, 분사 노즐(130)만 사용하는 경우, 또는 분사 노즐(130) 외에 스태틱 믹서(120)만 단독으로 사용하는 경우에 비하여, 본 발명의 실시예와 같이 방해판(140)과 스태틱 믹서(120)를 조합해서 사용할 경우 동일 환경에서 환원제 농도 균일도를 크게 향상시킬 수 있게 된다.Compared to the case where only the jetting nozzle 130 is used or the static mixer 120 alone is used in addition to the jetting nozzle 130 as in the embodiment of the present invention, the interference plate 140 and the static mixer 120), it is possible to greatly improve the uniformity of the reducing agent concentration in the same environment.

또한 환원제와 배기가스 간 균일 혼합을 위한 공간 및 체류 시간을 단축할 수 있게 된다.And the space and residence time for uniform mixing between the reducing agent and the exhaust gas can be shortened.

전술한 방해판(140)은 분사 노즐(130)에 인접하여 설치될 수 있다(예컨대 수십 cm 간격).The obstruction plate 140 described above may be installed adjacent to the injection nozzle 130 (e.g., several tens cm apart).

배기가스의 흐름에 난류를 유발하기 위한 방해판(140)의 형상, 설치 위치(거리), 크기 등은 난류 해석을 통해 결정할 수 있다.The shape, mounting position (distance), size, etc. of the obstruction plate 140 for causing turbulence in the flow of the exhaust gas can be determined through turbulent analysis.

일 예로, 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 방해판(140)의 중심부, 분사 노즐(130)의 출구 및 스태틱 믹서(120)의 중심부가 동일 축 상에 놓이도록 구성될 수 있다.For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the center of the obstruction plate 140, the outlet of the injection nozzle 130, and the center of the static mixer 120 may be configured to lie on the same axis.

또한 스태틱 믹서(120)의 날개 개수나 이에 기인하는 회전 강도에 따라 스태틱 믹서(120)와 방해판(140) 간의 거리 또는 방해판(140)의 크기가 상이하게 결정될 수 있다.The distance between the static mixer 120 and the obstruction plate 140 or the size of the obstruction plate 140 can be determined differently depending on the number of wings of the static mixer 120 and the rotational intensity resulting therefrom.

한편, 상술한 설명에서는 분사 노즐(130)과 인접하여 1개의 방해판(140)을 설치하는 경우를 예시하였으나, 본 발명이 이에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이, 분사 노즐(130)의 상류에 복수 개의 방해판(150)을 서로 일정 간격 이격시켜서 설치할 수도 있다.In the above description, a single obstruction plate 140 is provided adjacent to the injection nozzle 130. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. As shown in FIG. 3, the injection nozzle 130 A plurality of disturbing plates 150 may be provided at a predetermined distance from each other.

본 발명에 따른 SCR 시스템의 구성은 전술한 실시예에 국한되지 않고 본 발명의 기술 사상이 허용하는 범위 내에서 다양하게 변형하여 실시할 수 있다.The configuration of the SCR system according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

100: 배기 라인
110: SCR 반응기
120: 스태틱 믹서
130: 분사 노즐
140, 150: 방해판100: exhaust line
110: SCR reactor
120: static mixer
130: injection nozzle
140, 150: interference plate

Claims (5)

배기가스 내의 유해 성분을 제거하는 SCR 반응기;
배기가스를 공급받아 상기 SCR 반응기 측으로 유입시키는 배기 라인;
상기 배기 라인 내에 환원제를 분사하는 분사 노즐;
상기 분사 노즐의 상류에 설치된 방해판; 및
상기 분사 노즐의 하류에 설치된 스태틱 믹서를 포함하는 SCR 시스템.An SCR reactor for removing harmful components in the exhaust gas;
An exhaust line supplied with exhaust gas and flowing into the SCR reactor;
An injection nozzle for injecting a reducing agent into the exhaust line;
An obstruction plate disposed upstream of the injection nozzle; And
And a static mixer disposed downstream of the injection nozzle. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 방해판에서 생성되는 난류와 상기 스태틱 믹서의 구동시 생성되는 회전류에 의해 배기가스와 환원제가 균일하게 혼합되어 상기 SCR 반응기로 유입되는 SCR 시스템.The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the exhaust gas and the reducing agent are uniformly mixed with turbulence generated in the throttle plate and a rotating current generated when the static mixer is driven to flow into the SCR reactor. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 방해판은 상기 분사 노즐에 인접 설치되는 SCR 시스템.The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the obstruction plate is installed adjacent to the injection nozzle. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 방해판의 중심부, 상기 분사 노즐의 출구 및 상기 스태틱 믹서의 중심부가 동일 축 상에 놓이도록 구성된 SCR 시스템.The method according to claim 1,
The central portion of the baffle plate, the outlet of the injection nozzle, and the central portion of the static mixer are coaxially positioned. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 분사 노즐의 상류에 복수 개의 방해판이 소정 간격으로 설치되는 SCR 시스템.The method according to claim 1,
And a plurality of obstruction plates are installed at predetermined intervals on the upstream side of the injection nozzle.
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