KR20190142152A - Energy storage system including System BMS - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses an energy storage system comprising a system BMS.
An energy storage system including a system BMS according to the present invention includes a plurality of battery banks including a plurality of battery packs and a plurality of slave BMSs for managing the battery packs; A plurality of master BMSs for transmitting and receiving information with a plurality of slave BMSs provided in the battery bank; And a system BMS connected to the plurality of master BMSs to transmit and receive information with the master BMS, wherein the system BMS includes a first communication module and a first communication module configured to communicate with the plurality of master BMSs. It characterized in that it comprises a control module for controlling the information transmitted and received by, by having a separate system BMS and the master BMS, by comparison with the existing master BMS to perform the role of the system BMS, Because of the ease of processing, errors in data processing can be reduced and data processing speed can be increased.

Description

Energy storage system including System BMS

The present invention relates to a large-capacity energy storage technology, and more particularly, to an energy storage system including a system BMS including a plurality of batteries.

In the modern society, batteries are widely used in various electronic devices such as laptops, cameras, mobile phones, MP3s, and automobiles, robots, satellites, etc. Batteries can be classified into primary and secondary batteries. Secondary batteries are widely used because they have great advantages in terms of not only energy storage but also repetitive charging and discharging.

Commercially available secondary batteries include nickel cadmium batteries, nickel hydride batteries, nickel zinc batteries, and lithium secondary batteries. Among them, lithium secondary batteries have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based secondary batteries, and thus are free of charge and discharge. The self-discharge rate is very low and the energy density is high.

Such secondary cells may be used alone, but a plurality of battery cells may be used in series and / or in parallel with each other in one battery system, thereby outputting higher power or storing more energy. In particular, in recent years, as carbon energy is gradually depleted and interest in the environment is increased, battery systems using secondary batteries are increasingly used in large equipment.

In addition, since a battery system used in such a large equipment requires high output and / or large capacity, a plurality of battery cells are used in series and / or in parallel.

Meanwhile, the battery pack including several battery cells further includes a battery management system (BMS) for monitoring and controlling the state of the battery cells as well as the battery cells.

The BMS monitors the state of the battery by measuring the current, voltage, temperature, etc. in the battery pack, or by estimating a battery state of charge (SOC) or battery capacity deterioration (State Of Health (SOH)). The measured value or the estimated value is used to control charging and discharging, or to control voltage equalization.

As such, it is possible to monitor and control the state of a battery using a single BMS in a unit battery pack, but in an energy storage system consisting of tens to tens of thousands of battery packs, a single BMS is included in an energy storage system. It is difficult to determine the state of the battery, therefore, the energy storage system includes a plurality of BMS, and integrated management of the battery included in the energy storage system using a hierarchical structure such as slave BMS and master BMS.

1 is a view schematically showing an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the prior art.

Referring to FIG. 1, an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the prior art includes a master BMS 10 and a slave BMS 21, and one of the master BMSs 11 included in the energy storage system is mastered. It plays the role of BMS and overall system control at the same time.

However, since the master BMS 10 is originally a BMS connected to the slave BMS 21 of the battery pack, and developed to transmit and receive information and control them, there is a limit in performing the role of overall system control. The BMS 10 is connected to the slave BMS 21 to process information of the battery cell, for example, information such as current, voltage, temperature, battery remaining capacity, battery capacity decay rate, etc. of the battery cell, and additionally includes an external device ( 30) may not be suitable for sending and receiving information and controlling the energy storage system as a whole. In other words, the amount of data processing if the master BMS 10 for managing the slave BMS 21 performs additional functions. This increases the number of errors, frequently causing errors, slowing down the data processing speed, and the like.

In addition, when the master BMS 10 is connected to the battery bank 20 having a high voltage by connecting a plurality of battery cells in series, there is a high possibility of communication error due to the high voltage, and there is a possibility that insulation breakdown due to the high voltage may occur. In particular, when such a communication error or the like occurs in the master BMS 11 serving as a system control of the master BMS 10, the operation of the entire energy storage system may be impossible, and the problem becomes more serious.

In addition, in order to protect the electrical apparatus from high voltage, a component having a high rated insulation voltage must be used, thereby increasing the cost, and there are many other problems.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a system BMS and an energy storage system including the same. do.

Energy storage system according to an aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, a plurality of battery pack and a plurality of battery banks provided with a plurality of slave BMS for managing the battery pack; A plurality of master BMSs for transmitting and receiving information with a plurality of slave BMSs provided in the battery bank; And a system BMS connected to the plurality of master BMSs to transmit and receive information with the master BMS, wherein the system BMS includes a first communication module and a first communication module configured to communicate with the plurality of master BMSs. It characterized in that it comprises a control module for controlling the information transmitted and received by.

Preferably, the system BMS, characterized in that configured as a separate device physically separated from the plurality of master BMS.

Also preferably, at least one communication channel may be formed between the first communication module and each master BMS.

More preferably, a hub is provided between the first communication module and the plurality of master BMSs, and the first communication module and the plurality of master BMSs are connected through a hub.

Also preferably, the first communication module may communicate with each master BMS through wireless communication.

Also preferably, the system BMS further includes a second communication module configured to communicate with an external charging device or a discharge device, wherein the control module controls the information transmitted and received by the second communication module. It features.

Also preferably, the system BMS further includes an external communication module to communicate with an external communication network, and the control module may control information transmitted and received by the external communication module.

Also preferably, the system BMS may further include a driving power source for driving the system BMS.

A system BMS according to an aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, the first communication module is connected to a plurality of master BMS to transmit and receive information with the master BMS, and to communicate with the master BMS; And a control module for controlling information transmitted and received by the first communication module.

Preferably, it is characterized by consisting of a separate device physically separated from the plurality of master BMS.

Also preferably, further comprising a second communication module to communicate with an external charging device or discharge device, the control module, characterized in that for controlling the information transmitted and received by the second communication module.

Also preferably, further comprising an external communication module to communicate with an external communication network, the control module is characterized in that for controlling the information transmitted and received by the external communication module.

Also preferably, it further comprises a drive power source for driving the system BMS.

According to the present invention, by having a separate system BMS and a master BMS, since the existing master BMS performs the role of the system BMS together, data processing is easier, so that errors are reduced and data processing speed is increased during data processing. Can be faster.

1 is a view schematically showing an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the prior art.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The energy storage system according to the present invention includes a battery bank 300, a master BMS 200 and a system BMS 100.

The battery bank 300 includes a plurality of battery packs 320 and a plurality of slave BMSs 310 managing the plurality of battery packs 320.

The slave BMS 310 may collect information of battery cells included in the battery pack 320. Here, the information of the battery cells may affect not only the information indicating the electrical characteristics of each battery cell but also the electrical characteristics. Specifically, the slave BMS 310 may include information about a battery cell including a voltage across the battery cell, a charge / discharge current, a battery remaining capacity, a battery capacity deterioration degree, a temperature of the battery cell, and the like. Can be monitored and collected.

In addition, the slave BMS 310 may control the battery cell by using the collected battery cell information. For example, the slave BMS 310 controls the charge / discharge of the battery by measuring the battery remaining capacity, or Voltage equalization may be controlled by measuring the voltage of the cells, and various other control functions may be performed.

On the other hand, it can be seen that one slave BMS 310 is provided for each battery pack 320, but this is an example, one slave BMS 310 must be provided for each battery pack 320 In some embodiments, one slave BMS 310 may be provided for each of the battery packs 320 so that a plurality of battery packs 320 may be managed by one slave BMS 310.

The plurality of battery packs 320 and the plurality of slave BMSs 310 constitute one battery bank 300, and the battery bank 300 is managed by the master BMS 200, and also the battery bank 300. Is managed by the system BMS 100, the energy storage system according to the present invention is a hierarchical structure of the system BMS (100), master BMS (200), slave BMS (310) Achieve.

However, the term "slave BMS 310, master BMS 200, system BMS 100" is a term defined to indicate a hierarchical structure, it can be used as a different term.

In addition, the energy storage system according to the present invention does not necessarily have to be composed of three tiers, but may be composed of two tiers, or four or more hierarchical structures.

The master BMS 200 manages the plurality of slave BMSs 310 described above. That is, the master BMS 200 transmits and receives information to and from the plurality of slave BMSs 310 provided in the battery bank 300. The slave BMS 310 may be managed.

In detail, the master BMS 200 receives information of the battery pack 320 from the slave BMS 310, more specifically, information of battery cells included in the battery pack 320, and uses the slave BMS 310. Can send a control command.

The slave BMS 310 that receives the control command from the master BMS 200 may control the battery cell included in the battery pack 320 according to the control command. For example, the master BMS 200 may control the slave BMS ( The control unit may receive a voltage value of the battery cells included in the battery pack 320 from 310, analyze the voltage value, and transmit a control command to perform voltage smoothing to the slave BMS 310, and control from the master BMS 200. Upon receiving the command, the slave BMS 310 may perform voltage smoothing between the battery cells according to the control command.

Meanwhile, one master BMS 200 is provided for each battery bank 300. In this case, the master BMS 200 is not limited to one battery bank 300. It should be noted that one master BMS 200 may be provided for each of several battery banks 300 so that a plurality of battery banks 300 may be managed by one master BMS 200.

The system BMS 100 manages a plurality of master BMSs 200. That is, the system BMS 100 is connected to a plurality of master BMSs 200 to transmit and receive information to and from a plurality of master BMSs 200. In detail, the system BMS 100 may manage information of the battery bank 300 from the master BMS 200, more specifically, the battery pack 320 included in the battery bank 300. In more detail, more specifically, information of the battery cells included in the battery pack 320 may be received and the control command may be transmitted to the master BMS 200 using the information.

As such, the system BMS 100 may include a first communication module 120 and a control module 110 for transmitting and receiving information with the master BMS 200 and managing the master BMS 200.

On the other hand, as a functional configuration of the system BMS according to an embodiment of the present invention, the system BMS 100 includes a first communication module 120 and a control module 110.

The first communication module 120 performs a function of allowing the system BMS 100 and the plurality of master BMSs 200 to communicate with each other.

To this end, the first communication module 120 may use the same communication protocol as the master BMS 200 to enable communication between the system BMS 100 and the master BMS 200. For example, when the system BMS 100 and the master BMS 200 are connected by an RS-485 communication line, the first communication module 120 may include a transceiver suitable for RS-485, and may be connected in a serial communication manner. It may be.

However, as an example, the first communication module 120 is not limited to this example, and various wired and wireless communication devices may be employed.

The control module 110 may control information transmitted and received by the first communication module 120. That is, the control module 110 may calculate or process information received by the first communication module 120. And, the information received by the first communication module 120, or may be instructed to transmit the calculated information to the outside. Through this operation of the control module 110, the system BMS (100) is a system BMS ( A plurality of master BMSs 200 connected to 100 may be managed.

For example, the control module 110 may convert a transmission / reception signal into a signal suitable for a communication protocol so as to enable communication between the system BMS 100 and the master BMS 200, and the control module 110 may further include: The charging and discharging current measurement value received by the first communication module 120 may be instructed to be transmitted to the outside, and various operations such as estimating the remaining battery capacity may be performed based on the charging and discharging current measurement value. In addition, the charging and discharging of the battery may be controlled using the estimated battery remaining capacity.

The control module 110 may include a processor to perform such an operation.

Preferably, the system BMS 100 according to the present invention may further include a second communication module 130.

The second communication module 130 is connected to the external device 400 to enable communication between the system BMS 100 and the external device 400.

To this end, the second communication module 130 may use the same communication protocol as the external device 400 to enable communication between the system BMS 100 and the external device 400.

In this case, the control module 110 may control the information transmitted and received by the second communication module 130. The control module 110 may calculate information received by the second communication module 130 or It may be processed, and may be instructed to transmit such primary information and processed secondary information.

Here, the external device 400 may be a discharge device that is powered from an energy storage system, for example, a home, a factory, an electric vehicle, or the like that consumes energy in a smart grid.

In addition, the external device 400 may be a charging device for supplying power to the energy storage system, for example, a generator of a power plant.

Also preferably, the system BMS 100 may be configured as a separate device that is physically separated from the plurality of master BMS 200.

Since the system BMS 100 according to the present invention is implemented as a separate system BMS 100 which is distinguished from the master BMS 200 when compared with the prior art illustrated in FIG. 1, the existing master BMS 200 is a system. Compared to performing the role of the BMS 100 together, data processing is easier, that is, the master BMS 200 performs a function of managing the slave BMS 310 as the master BMS 200, and the system BMS 100. ) May perform a function of managing the master BMS 200 as the system BMS 100, thereby facilitating data processing, thereby reducing the possibility of an error occurring in the data processing process and improving the data processing speed.

In addition, when the system BMS 100 manages the master BMS 200, and at the same time to communicate with the external device 400, the bottleneck does not occur is easy to process data, that is, in FIG. According to the illustrated prior art, when the master BMS 200 serving as a system BMS manages another master BMS 200 and communicates with the external device 400 at the same time, a collision occurs. Data processing is not fast because it must be done.

For example, the master BMS 200 serving as a system BMS first transmits and receives information with another master BMS 200 and then communicates with the external device 400, or communicates with the external device 400 first. After performing the transmission and reception information with another master BMS (200).

However, according to an embodiment of the present invention, since the communication channel between the system BMS 100 and the master BMS 200 and the communication channel between the system BMS 100 and the external device 400 are separately formed, the system BMS Even when the 100 communicates with the master BMS 200 and the external device 400 at the same time, a collision does not occur, and a bottleneck does not occur, and thus data processing may be performed quickly.

Also preferably, at least one communication channel may be formed between the first communication module 120 and each master BMS 200.

Communication channels are formed one by one between the first communication module 120 and the master BMS 200. According to this embodiment, a bottleneck of data is provided between the first communication module 120 and the plurality of master BMSs 200. There is an advantage that the processing speed of data does not occur because this does not occur.

In addition, according to the related art shown in FIG. 1, even if only one of the communication lines connected between the plurality of master BMS 200 and the external device 400 malfunctions, an error may occur in the entire energy storage system.

However, according to this embodiment, since a separate communication channel is formed for each system BMS 100 and each master BMS 200, even if one communication channel malfunctions, there is a high probability that an error occurs in the entire energy storage system. Reduction, which makes the energy storage system highly stable.

Such a communication channel, that is, a communication channel formed between the first communication module 120 and the master BMS 200 may be formed as a wired communication line. Alternatively, the communication channel may be formed as a wireless communication channel.

Meanwhile, the energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a hub 500 between the system BMS 100 and the plurality of master BMSs 200. As such, the system BMS 100 and the plurality of masters are provided. The hub 500 may be provided between the BMSs 200, and the first communication module 120 of the system BMS and the plurality of master BMSs 200 may be connected to the hubs 500.

In addition, the hub 500 and the master BMS 200 are connected by wired communication, but are not necessarily limited to this embodiment, and the hub 500 and the master BMS 200 may be connected by wireless communication.

The energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention is connected to the communication network 600.

The communication network 600 may be connected to the system BMS 100 and an external terminal 700.

The communication network 600 may be implemented as various types of wired / wireless networks such as an internet communication network, a mobile communication network, and a satellite communication network.

Although the system BMS 100 and the external terminal 700 are connected by a wireless mobile communication network, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

On the other hand, in order to connect the communication network 600 and the system BMS 100, the system BMS 100 may further include an external communication module 140.

The external communication module 140 may use the same communication protocol as the communication network 600 to enable communication between the system BMS 100 and the communication network 600.

In this case, the control module 110 may control the information transmitted and received by the external communication module 140. The control module 110 may allow the system BMS 100 to communicate with the communication network 600. The transmission / reception signal may be converted into a signal suitable for a communication protocol, or the information received from the communication network 600 and the information to be transmitted to the communication network 600 may be controlled.

The external terminal 700 may be connected to the communication network 600 to transmit and receive information with the system BMS 100, the external terminal 700 may be a PC, a smart device and the like, but is not limited thereto.

For example, the external terminal 700 may receive information on the battery status from the system BMS 100 and output it to the display device. In addition, the external terminal 700 may receive information received from the system BMS 100. May be used to monitor the status of the energy storage system and transmit commands to control the system BMS 100.

Through this, the external terminal 700 may determine the state of the energy storage system and control the energy storage system even at a long distance.

For example, through the energy storage system control application installed in the smart phone, the administrator can determine the state of the energy storage system, such as the system BMS 100 at a long distance, and can control the energy storage system as needed.

In addition, the external terminal 700 may be used to manage an energy storage system, or may be used to transmit and receive energy usage information from the energy consumer's perspective.

For example, when a home control device installed in a home is used as the external terminal 700 of the present invention, the home control device may transmit energy usage information consumed at home to the energy storage system, and the energy storage system may consume at home. The energy usage information can be used to provide as much electricity as is needed for the home.

Meanwhile, the method for monitoring and managing the system BMS 100 through the communication network 600 may manage the system BMS 100 through a server connected to the system BMS 100 instead of the communication network 600, and the system BMS 100. Of course, the system BMS 100 may be managed through an input / output device installed at 100.

Meanwhile, an input / output device is installed in the system BMS 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. That is, the system BMS 100 outputs an apparatus for monitoring the state of components connected to the system BMS 100. And an input device capable of controlling the system BMS 100.

As such an input / output device, a known input / output device may be adopted.

Preferably, in order to enable the user to easily drive the energy storage system even if not an expert, an easy-to-use graphical user interface (GUI) output device may be employed, and the input device may employ a touch screen method. It may be.

In addition, the system BMS 100 according to the present invention may be implemented as a computer including a processor rather than a general microcontroller.

In this case, the computer may include the control module 110, the first communication module 120, the second communication module 130, the external communication module 140, an input / output device, and the like.

Also preferably, the system BMS 100 according to the present invention may further include a driving power source 150.

The driving power source 150 may be connected to the system BMS 100 to supply power to the system BMS 100 to drive the system BMS 100.

Although the system BMS 100 may receive power from the battery bank 300, since the battery bank 300 has a high voltage, there may be a problem such as a malfunction due to the high voltage or a breakdown of the insulation.

In particular, since the system BMS 100 performs an important function of controlling the energy storage system as a whole, when such a problem occurs in the system BMS 100, the operation of the energy storage system may become impossible. According to the present invention, the system BMS 100 may receive power from the separately provided driving power 150 to operate without receiving power from the battery bank 300, thereby increasing stability of the energy storage system.

Energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention is provided with a hub 500 between the first communication module 120 and the master BMS 200, Ethernet between the hub 500 and the master BMS (200) It further includes an ethernet to serial converter 800.

In addition, the master BMS 200 and the battery bank 300 are connected by a CAN communication method.

In addition, the control module 110 of the system BMS 100 is implemented as a processor, the first communication module 120 is connected to the master BMS 200 and the local area communication (Local Area Network (LAN)) including an Ethernet port. The second communication module 130 and the external device 400 are connected by an RS-485 communication method, and the external communication module 140 and the communication network 600 are connected by a local area network.

According to this embodiment, since the CAN communication line is insulated at the point where the master BMS 200 and the battery bank 300 are connected, the high voltage of the battery bank 300 is induced to the master BMS 200 directly. You can block.

In addition, since the Ethernet to serial converter 800 is provided between the hub 500 and the master BMS 200, the Ethernet to serial converter 800 may secondarily block the high voltage even if the CAN voltage is not completely blocked. Can be.

That is, even when the CAN communication line does not completely block the high voltage, since the optocoupler, which is an insulation device for communication included in the Ethernet-to-converter, insulates secondarily, the high voltage may be prevented from being induced in the system BMS 100.

As a result, it is possible to prevent the system BMS 100 from malfunctioning or breaking down due to the high voltage.

The present invention is not limited to the above, and various modifications and variations are possible by those skilled in the art within the equivalent of the technical concept of the present invention and the claims to be described below, as well as to be.

In addition, the features described in the individual embodiments herein can be implemented in combination in a single embodiment.

Conversely, various features described in a single embodiment herein can be implemented in various embodiments individually or in appropriate subcombination.

Claims (2)

A plurality of battery banks including a plurality of battery packs and a plurality of slave BMSs for managing the battery packs;
A plurality of master BMSs for transmitting and receiving information with a plurality of slave BMSs provided in the battery bank; And
And a system BMS connected to the plurality of master BMSs to transmit and receive information with the master BMS.
The system BMS is an energy storage system, characterized in that it comprises a first communication module for communication with the plurality of master BMS and a control module for controlling information transmitted and received by the first communication module.
The method of claim 1,
The first communication module is an energy storage system, characterized in that for acquiring, analyzing and learning the environmental information measured in the portable terminal.

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