KR20200112488A - Planetary gear locking device, dry type torque converter for electric vehicle having the same, and controlling method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a planetary gear locking device, a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle including the same, and a control method thereof. A dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a planetary gear connected to an input shaft as a first element, to an output shaft as a second element, and variably connected to a fixed part as a third element; At least one eddy current torque generator provided between the first element and the second element and generating an eddy current to be controlled by the speed of the output shaft; A front cover integrally connected to the input shaft and the first element to house the planetary gear; A back cover provided on the output shaft side and coupled to the front cover; Planetary gear comprising a locking unit provided between the second element and the third element to intercept the connection of the third element and the fixing unit according to the rotational speed of the output shaft, regardless of the rotational direction of the output shaft lock; And respectively provided on both sides of the second element based on the axial direction, and selectively contacting the inner surfaces of the front cover and the back cover by a centrifugal force generated according to the rotational speed of the output shaft, the input shaft and the It includes; a lock-up mechanism for directly connecting the output shaft.

Description

Planetary gear locking device, dry torque converter for electric vehicle equipped with it, and control method thereof {PLANETARY GEAR LOCKING DEVICE, DRY TYPE TORQUE CONVERTER FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE HAVING THE SAME, AND CONTROLLING METHOD THEREOF}

The present invention relates to a planetary gear locking device, a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle having the same, and a control method for a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, and more particularly, torque can be increased regardless of the vehicle's forward and backward movement, The present invention relates to a planetary gear locking device for transmitting power of a driving motor to a speed reducer using electromagnetic force and planetary gear, a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle including the same, and a control method for a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle.

In general, a torque converter is installed between an engine and a transmission of a vehicle and transmits the driving force of the engine to a transmission using a fluid. Such a torque converter includes an impeller that rotates by receiving the driving force of an engine, a turbine that is rotated by oil discharged from the impeller, and a reactor that increases the rate of change of torque by directing the flow of oil returned to the impeller in the direction of rotation of the impeller ( Also referred to as'stator').

The torque converter is equipped with a lock-up clutch (also referred to as a'damper clutch'), which is a means of directly connecting the engine and the transmission, as the power transmission efficiency may decrease when the load acting on the engine increases. The lock-up clutch is disposed between the turbine and the front cover directly connected to the engine so that the rotational power of the engine can be transmitted directly to the turbine.

Meanwhile, as interest in energy efficiency and environmental pollution is increasing day by day, there is a demand for the development of eco-friendly vehicles that can substantially replace internal combustion engine vehicles.These eco-friendly vehicles are usually electric vehicles driven by fuel cells or electricity as a power source. B. It is divided into a hybrid vehicle driven by using an engine and a battery.

Among these eco-friendly vehicles, an electric vehicle uses a driving force generated using a drive motor instead of an engine and a transmission, and it is difficult to apply a conventional torque converter that operates using a fluid flow.

For this reason, unlike an internal combustion engine vehicle, a first-stage speed reducer is mainly applied to an electric vehicle due to the initial high torque of the driving motor and convenience of control. Recently, in order to reduce the size of the motor and increase the fuel efficiency, development of a multi-stage reducer is in progress.

However, the multi-stage speed reducer has a problem in that the cost increases because additional electrical equipment such as a clutch actuator, a gear actuator, and a transmission control unit (TCU) are additionally required.

Accordingly, there is a demand for the development of a dry torque converter instead of a fluid flow method in an electric vehicle instead of a reducer.

The matters described in this background are prepared to enhance an understanding of the background of the invention, and may include matters other than those of the prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the field to which this technology belongs.

Therefore, the present invention was invented to solve the above-described problems, and the problem to be solved by the present invention is advantageous in cost because no electrical equipment is added, and the size of the driving motor and inverter of the electric vehicle can be reduced. , To provide a planetary gear locking device capable of reducing current consumption of a driving motor during initial driving, a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle having the same, and a control method thereof.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to perform all of the torque multiplication using a planetary gear, increasing the speed ratio using an eddy current, and direct transmission of the driving force using a lock-up mechanism, regardless of the forward and backward, functions of a conventional fluid torque converter. It is intended to provide a planetary gear locking device capable of implementing all, a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle having the same, and a control method thereof.

The planetary gear locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving this object includes a first element connected to an input shaft, a second element connected to an output shaft, and fixed regardless of the rotation of the input shaft and the rotation of the output shaft. A planetary gear including a third element variably connected to the fixed part; And when the input shaft or the output shaft rotates at a low rotational speed less than or equal to a set value, the third element is coupled to the fixing part so as to be non-rotatable, and the input shaft or the output shaft rotates at a high rotational speed less than a set value. A locking unit releasing the coupling of the third element and the fixing part by a moving member that is moved radially from the inside to the outside by a centrifugal force generated by rotation of the input shaft or the output shaft; Includes.

The locking unit is provided between the second element and the third element, the reactor housing mounted on the third element; An inner race rotatably mounted on the rotation center of the reactor housing and connected to the fixing unit; A sliding member mounted to be slidably movable in an axial direction at one end of the inner race facing the second element in the reactor housing; A first friction pad mounted on the inner circumferential surface of the reactor housing; And a second friction pad mounted on an outer circumferential surface of the sliding member in correspondence with the first friction pad and selectively in friction contact with the first friction pad. Including, the movable member is provided between the second element and the sliding member, the first and second while being moved radially from the inside to the outside by a centrifugal force acting according to the rotational speed of the output shaft It may be at least one ball for selectively releasing the connection between the third element and the inner race by moving the sliding member in a direction opposite to the second element so that the frictional contact of the friction pad is released.

In the second element, at least one seating groove may be formed from the inner side toward the outer side in the radial direction so as to be in rolling contact with the ball in a state where a predetermined portion of the ball is inserted on one surface facing the sliding member.

At least one cam groove may be formed in the sliding member so that a predetermined portion of the ball is inserted on one surface facing the second element corresponding to the seating groove so as to be in rolling contact.

In the cam groove, a cam surface may be formed at a position facing outward with respect to a radial direction and inclined at a set angle from the reactor housing toward the second element.

When the centrifugal force acting according to the rotational speed of the output shaft increases, the ball is in rolling contact with the seating groove and the cam groove, moving radially outward along the cam surface, and moving the sliding member to the second element. You can slide it in the opposite direction of.

The inner race may include a coupling portion in which the sliding member is slidably coupled at an end inserted into the reactor housing; And a flange portion formed at a position spaced apart from the coupling portion toward the inner surface of the reactor housing based on the axial direction. It may further include.

At least one locking groove is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding member, and at least one locking protrusion protrudes in correspondence with the locking groove on the outer circumferential surface of the coupling unit, and the sliding member coupled to the coupling unit is prevented from rotating. The locking protrusion may be inserted into the locking groove.

A plate spring may be interposed between the sliding member and the flange portion to provide an elastic force to the sliding member.

The first and second friction pads may be mounted inclined at a set angle on an inner peripheral surface of the reactor housing and an outer peripheral surface of the sliding member, respectively.

In addition, a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a planetary gear connected to an input shaft as a first element, to an output shaft as a second element, and variably connected to a fixed part as a third element; At least one eddy current torque generator provided between the first element and the second element and generating an eddy current to be controlled by the speed of the output shaft; A front cover integrally connected to the input shaft and the first element to house the planetary gear; A back cover provided on the output shaft side and coupled to the front cover; Planetary gear comprising a locking unit provided between the second element and the third element to intercept the connection of the third element and the fixing unit according to the rotational speed of the output shaft, regardless of the rotational direction of the output shaft lock; A back cover provided on the output shaft side and coupled to the front cover; And respectively provided on both sides of the second element based on the axial direction, and selectively contacting the inner surfaces of the front cover and the back cover by a centrifugal force generated according to the rotational speed of the output shaft, the input shaft and the A lock-up mechanism directly connecting the output shaft; Includes.

The eddy current torque generator is a permanent magnet connected to the first element; And a centrifugal body disposed facing the permanent magnet to have conductivity, connected through a hinge arm hinged to the outer peripheral surface of the second element, and controlled by the speed of the output shaft. It may include.

The permanent magnets are disposed at a predetermined interval along the circumferential direction from the inside of the front cover in the radial direction, and the centrifugal body may be connected to the second element through an elastic member.

The permanent magnet may have an N-pole and an S-pole repeatedly disposed along an inner circumferential surface of the front cover.

The lock-up mechanism includes a lock-up plate disposed to be slidably movable in an axial direction on both sides of the second element in correspondence with inner surfaces of the front cover and the back cover based on an axial direction; When the hinge arm is moved radially outward due to a centrifugal force generated according to the rotational speed of the output shaft, each of the lock-up plate and the hinge arm moves the lock-up plate toward the front cover and the back cover, respectively. A pair of rollers rotatably mounted on both sides of the hinge arm, respectively; And a friction member mounted on inner surfaces of the front cover and the back cover corresponding to each of the lockup plates. It may include.

The lock-up plate may be formed in a ring shape, and at least one contact portion that is in rolling contact with the roller may protrude on one surface corresponding to the roller.

A plurality of the contact portions may be formed on one surface of the lock-up plate facing the second element with respect to the axial direction and at positions spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction.

The contact portion may be integrally formed with an inclined surface in rolling contact with the roller.

The inclined surface may increase in width from a lower portion toward the center of rotation of the first element toward an upper portion toward an outer side in the radial direction.

A guide hole is formed in the lock-up plate, and a guide protrusion formed in the second element is inserted into the guide hole of the lock-up plate disposed toward the front cover side, and the lock-up disposed toward the back cover side. An end of a hinge shaft rotatably supporting the hinge arm may be inserted into the guide hole of the plate.

When the lockup plate slides in the axial direction by the roller, the axial movement may be guided by the guide protrusion and the hinge shaft inserted into each of the guide holes.

The friction member may be mounted through mounting plates respectively mounted on the front cover and the back cover.

The mounting plate may be mounted in mounting grooves respectively formed on inner surfaces of the front cover and the back cover.

A plurality of friction members may be mounted on one surface of the mounting plate facing the lock-up plate to be spaced apart along the circumferential direction.

The eddy current torque generator may separate the first element and the second element according to the speed of the output shaft, or may transmit power through eddy current torque.

The locking unit may include a reactor housing mounted on the third element; An inner race rotatably mounted on the rotation center of the reactor housing and connected to the fixing unit; A sliding member mounted to be slidably movable in an axial direction at one end of the inner race facing the second element in the reactor housing; A first friction pad mounted on the inner circumferential surface of the reactor housing; A second friction pad mounted on an outer circumferential surface of the sliding member in correspondence with the first friction pad and selectively in friction contact with the first friction pad; And provided between the second element and the sliding member, the frictional contact between the first and second friction pads is released by moving from the radially inner side to the outer side by a centrifugal force acting according to the rotational speed of the output shaft. At least one ball for selectively releasing the connection between the third element and the inner race by moving the sliding member in a direction opposite to the second element; Includes. It may include.

In the second element, at least one seating groove may be formed from the inner side toward the outer side in the radial direction so as to be in rolling contact with the ball in a state where a predetermined portion of the ball is inserted on one surface facing the sliding member.

At least one cam groove may be formed in the sliding member so that a predetermined portion of the ball is inserted on one surface facing the second element corresponding to the seating groove so as to be in rolling contact.

In the cam groove, a cam surface may be formed at a position facing outward with respect to a radial direction and inclined at a set angle from the reactor housing toward the second element.

When the centrifugal force acting according to the rotational speed of the output shaft increases, the ball is in rolling contact with the seating groove and the cam groove, moving radially outward along the cam surface, and moving the sliding member to the second element. You can slide it in the opposite direction of.

The inner race may include a coupling portion in which the sliding member is slidably coupled at an end inserted into the reactor housing; And a flange portion formed at a position spaced apart from the coupling portion toward the inner surface of the reactor housing based on the axial direction. It may further include.

At least one locking groove is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding member, and at least one locking protrusion protrudes in correspondence with the locking groove on the outer circumferential surface of the coupling unit, and the sliding member coupled to the coupling unit is prevented from rotating. The locking protrusion may be inserted into the locking groove.

A plate spring may be interposed between the sliding member and the flange portion to provide an elastic force to the sliding member.

The first element may be a sun gear, the second element may be a carrier, and the third element may be a ring gear.

A plurality of the eddy current torque generating units may be provided at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the second element.

In addition, the dry torque converter control method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is based on a first element connected to an input shaft, a second element connected to an output shaft, a third element variably connected to a fixed part, and a set gear ratio. In a planetary gear having a speed ratio, operation control of a planetary gear locking device provided between the third element and the fixing part at the speed ratio due to the gear ratio depends on the rotation speed of the output shaft regardless of the rotation direction of the output shaft. A first step of selectively fixing and controlling the third element to increase the torque output to the second element; As the speed of the output shaft increases, the first element and the second element are generated by eddy current by controlling the operation of the eddy current torque generator provided between the first element and the second element at a speed ratio higher than or equal to the gear ratio. A second step of transmitting power through eddy current torque to transmit torque output to the second element; And an operation control of a lock-up mechanism provided in the second element and interlocked with the eddy current torque generating unit according to an increase in the speed of the output shaft in a state that is equal to or greater than the speed ratio due to the gear ratio, respectively. A third step of directly connecting the input shaft and the output shaft by directly connecting the first and second elements while being in contact; Includes.

In the first step, the eddy current torque generator and the lock-up mechanism may be deactivated due to the operation of the planetary gear locking device.

In the first step, a part of the output shaft torque may be transferred to the second element due to the non-operation of the eddy current torque generator.

In the second step, due to the operation of the eddy current torque generator, the planetary gear locking device and the lock-up mechanism may be deactivated.

In the second step, due to the operation of the eddy current torque generator, the torque of the output shaft may be transmitted to the second element and the eddy current torque generator.

In the third step, the planetary gear locking device may be deactivated due to the operation of the lock-up mechanism, and the eddy current torque generating unit may be deactivated.

The third step includes the input shaft and the output shaft so that the rotational speed of the input shaft and the output shaft is 1:1 due to the operation of the lock-up mechanism, the non-operation of the planetary gear locking device, and the non-operation of the eddy current torque generator. Can be connected directly.

As described above, according to the planetary gear locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention, a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle having the same, and a control method thereof, between the first element (sun gear) and the second element (carrier) of the planetary gear. An eddy current torque generator is provided on the output shaft to transmit power by non-connecting or eddy current torque of the first and second elements with no eddy current generated by the rotational speed of the output shaft or eddy current torque generated by the eddy current, and a third element ( Ring gear) and the fixed part are fixed or rotated with a planetary gear locking device, so the torque is multiplied at the speed ratio due to the gear ratio, and the eddy current torque is output above the speed ratio due to the gear ratio.

In addition, the present invention can reduce the size of the drive motor and inverter connected to the input shaft because the torque multiplication factor is large, and during initial drive, the drive motor enters a high-efficiency region through high-speed rotation to reduce the current consumption of the drive motor. There is also an effect.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of reducing manufacturing cost because the output torque is controlled by rotating up to 0.8 of the input/output speed ratio by the centrifugal force of the output speed without a separate actuator.

In addition, the present invention can directly transmit the torque of the driving motor to the transmission through the application of a lock-up mechanism, along with a function of increasing the torque using a planetary gear and increasing the speed ratio using an eddy current, so that the input and output speeds are 1:1. It can be transmitted, and there is an effect of implementing all the functions of a conventional fluid type torque converter.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of improving overall marketability by enabling torque multiplication using a planetary gear regardless of the rotation direction of the output shaft even when the vehicle is reversing.

1 is a block diagram of a planetary gear locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle having the same.
2 is a cross-sectional view of a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a side view of a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is an exploded perspective view of a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a partially cut-away exploded perspective view of a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is an enlarged view of portion X of FIG. 2, and is a cross-sectional view of a planetary gear locking device applied to a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is an exploded perspective view of a planetary gear locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a partial perspective view of a second element applied to a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a perspective view of a sliding member applied to the planetary gear locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 to 12 are diagrams showing a planetary gear operation applied to a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, an operation of a planetary gear locking device, a non-operation of the eddy current torque generator, and a non-operation of the lock-up mechanism. .
13 to 15 are diagrams showing a non-operation of a planetary gear applied to a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, a non-operation of the planetary gear locking device, an operation of an eddy current torque generator, and a non-operation of the lock-up mechanism. admit.
16 to 18 are diagrams showing an operation of a planetary gear applied to a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, a non-operation of a planetary gear locking device, a non-operation of an eddy current torque generator, and an operating state of a lock-up mechanism. .
19 is a table showing the operation of an eddy current torque generator, a planetary gear locking device, and a lock-up mechanism controlled by the dry torque converter control method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
20 is a table showing the operation of planetary gear elements controlled by the dry torque converter control method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Prior to this, since the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all the technical ideas of the present invention, they can be replaced at the time of application. It should be understood that there may be various equivalents and variations.

In order to clearly describe the present invention, parts irrelevant to the description have been omitted, and the same reference numerals are assigned to the same or similar components throughout the specification.

Since the size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown for convenience of description, the present invention is not necessarily limited to what is shown in the drawings, and the thickness is enlarged to clearly express various parts and regions.

And throughout the specification, when a certain part "includes" a certain component, this means that other components may be further included rather than excluding other components unless otherwise stated.

In addition, terms such as "...unit", "...means", "...part" and "...member" described in the specification refer to a unit of a comprehensive constitution that performs at least one function or operation. it means.

In general, when one of the three elements is a fixed element, the planetary gear operates as an input element and an output element with the other two elements, and has a gear ratio set between the input element and the output element.

In this condition, the planetary gear has a characteristic that the sum of torques of the input element, the output element, and the fixed element becomes zero, and can transmit a normal torque only at the speed ratio by the set gear ratio.

1 is a configuration diagram of a planetary gear locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle having the same, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a side view of a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 is an embodiment of the present invention It is a partially cut-away exploded perspective view of a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.

First, referring to FIG. 1, a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted between a drive motor M and a gear box (GB) in a powertrain of an electric vehicle.

The dry torque converter for an electric vehicle is configured to connect both the drive motor M and the reducer GB to each other to transmit the output torque of the drive motor M to the reducer GB.

In this embodiment, the dry torque converter is connected to the drive motor M through an input shaft 1, is connected to the reducer GB through an output shaft 2, and is input to the input shaft 1 ( It multiplies and transmits the torque of M) and outputs it to the reducer (GB).

The dry torque converter configured as described above has a first element 11, a second element 12, and a third element 13, and is connected to the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2, and the planetary gear 10 ).

In the planetary gear (10), the first element (11) is connected to the input shaft (1), connected to the output shaft (2) by the second element (12), and to the third element (13). It is variably connected to the fixing part 14.

1 to 5, in the planetary gear 10, the first element 11 is a sun gear S, and the second element 12 is a carrier C that connects the pinion gear P. And the third element 13 is a ring gear R.

That is, in the planetary gear 10, the first element (sun gear (S): 11) is connected to the input shaft (1), and the second element (carrier (C): 12) is connected to the output shaft (2). It is connected, and the third element (ring gear (R): 13) is variably connected to the fixing part 14.

The fixing part 14 may be a powertrain of an electric vehicle or a body of an electric vehicle.

Here, the dry torque converter according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes an eddy current torque generator 21, a front cover 22, a back cover 24, a planetary gear locking device 30, and a lock-up mechanism 40. can do.

First, the eddy current torque generator 21 is configured as a non-contact type electromagnetic coupling that is non-operated or operated by an electromagnetic force generated by an eddy current.

This eddy current torque generator 21 is deactivated due to insufficient centrifugal force set when the output shaft 2 rotates at a low speed and does not generate an eddy current, and is operated by securing a set centrifugal force when the output shaft 2 rotates at a high speed. Generate torque.

2 to 5, the eddy current torque generating unit 21 is between the first element 11 connected to the input shaft 1 and the second element 12 connected to the output shaft 2 Is placed in

A plurality of eddy current torque generating units 21 may be provided at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the second element 12.

Here, the eddy current torque generating unit 21 may include permanent magnets 211 facing each other on both sides (relative to a radial direction) and a centrifugal body 212 having conductivity.

The permanent magnet 211 is connected to the first element 11. The centrifugal body 212 is connected through a hinge arm 311 hinged to the outer peripheral surface of the second element 12 and may be controlled by the speed of the output shaft 2.

Here, the hinge arm 311 is provided in plural and disposed on the second element 12 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction and mounted as a hinge pin 312. These hinge arms 311 are connected through an elastic member 313 at different positions of the second element 12 adjacent to one side.

The operation of the eddy current torque generator 21 configured as described above will be described in more detail below.

In this embodiment, the front cover 22 is integrally connected to the input shaft 1 and the first element 11, and may incorporate the planetary gear 10.

This front cover 22 is coupled with the back cover 24 provided on the output shaft 2 side, and the planetary gear 10, the eddy current torque generator 21, the planetary gear locking device 30, And the lock-up mechanism 40 may be incorporated.

In this embodiment, the permanent magnets 211 are arranged at a set interval along the circumferential direction from the inside of the front cover 22 connected to the first element 11 in the radial direction. Here, in the permanent magnet 211, N poles and S poles may be repeatedly disposed along the periphery of the inner circumferential surface of the front cover 22 (see FIG. 3).

Accordingly, when the electric vehicle is initially driven, if the centrifugal force is insufficient at the output speed of the output shaft 2, the hinge arm 311 centers the hinge pin 312 by the tensile force provided from the elastic member 313 The centrifugal body 212 is kept away from the permanent magnet 211 by maintaining the state rotated radially inward.

That is, when the electric vehicle is initially driven, the input torque is normally torque multiplied due to the gear ratio of the planetary gear 10 and transmitted to the reducer GB.

On the contrary, when the output speed of the output shaft 2 is increased due to an increase in the speed of the electric vehicle and the centrifugal force is increased, the centrifugal force of the centrifugal body 212 overcomes the elastic force of the elastic member 313.

Then, the hinge arm 311 may be rotated radially outwardly around the hinge pin 312 to allow the centrifugal body 212 to approach the permanent magnet 211.

At this time, an eddy current is generated between the centrifugal body 212 and the permanent magnet 211, and an eddy current torque is generated by the eddy current and transmitted to the first and second elements 11 and 12.

Here, the eddy current is the rotation speed of the permanent magnet 211 and the centrifugal body 212 while the front cover 22 and the centrifugal body 211 are rotated at different speeds. It is the current generated by the interaction by difference.

Accordingly, the first and second elements 11 and 12 may be powered by eddy current torque. That is, when the eddy current torque is generated, the speed ratio of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2 is increased above the speed ratio due to the gear.

The eddy current torque generated between the centrifugal body 212 and the permanent magnet 211 may increase as the relative speed difference increases.

This eddy current torque raises the speed ratio of the centrifugal body 212 and the permanent magnet 211 to a set value (eg, 0.8 or more), so that a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle can implement the function of a conventional fluid torque converter. .

The eddy current torque generating unit 21 configured as described above uses a magnetic force formed between the permanent magnet 211 and the centrifugal body 212 by the eddy current torque to connect the permanent magnet 211 and the centrifugal body 212 to each other. It can be separated, or can be powered by eddy current torque.

Through this operation, the eddy current torque generating unit 21 separates the first element 11 and the second element 12 from each other or transmits power by eddy current torque.

Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, the planetary gear locking device 30 attaches the third element 13 to the fixed portion 14 regardless of the rotation of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2. Make a variable connection.

When the input shaft 1 or the output shaft 2 rotates at a low rotational speed below a set value, the planetary gear locking device 30 cannot rotate the third element 13 relative to the fixing part 14. Can be combined.

Conversely, the planetary gear locking device 30 rotates the input shaft 1 or the output shaft 2 when the input shaft 1 or the output shaft 2 rotates at a high rotational speed below a set value. The coupling of the third element 13 and the fixing part 14 can be released by a moving member that is moved radially from the inside to the outside by the centrifugal force generated by it.

Here, the moving member may be a ball 34 capable of moving from the radially inner to the outer side within a space set by centrifugal force without a separate connecting member.

In this embodiment, the planetary gear locking device 30 includes a locking unit provided between the second element 12 and the third element 13.

In other words, the planetary gear locking device 30 is the third element 13 and the high speed through the operation of the locking unit regardless of the rotation direction of the output shaft 2 according to the rotational speed of the output shaft 2 The government (14) can crack down on connections.

This planetary gear locking device 30 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9 attached thereto.

6 is an enlarged view of part X of FIG. 2, a cross-sectional view of a planetary gear locking device applied to a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a planetary gear locking according to an embodiment of the present invention. An exploded perspective view of the device, Figure 8 is a partial perspective view of a second element applied to the dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 9 is applied to the planetary gear locking device according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the sliding member.

6 to 7, in the planetary gear locking device 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the locking unit includes a reactor housing 31, an inner race 32, a sliding member 33, and a first friction pad. (31a), a second friction pad (33a), and may include the ball (34).

First, the reactor housing 31 is mounted on the third element 13 which is a ring gear.

The reactor housing 31 may include a cylindrical body portion with open both sides and a cover bolted to close one surface disposed on the output shaft 2 of the open both surfaces of the body portion.

The inner race 32 is rotatably mounted at the center of rotation of the reactor housing 31 and is connected to the fixing part 14.

In this embodiment, the sliding member 32 is mounted to be axially slidable to one end of the inner race 32 facing the second element 12 from the inside of the reactor housing 31.

In addition, the first friction pad 31a is mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the reactor housing 31. The second friction pad 33a is mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the sliding member 33 in correspondence with the first friction pad 31a, and may be in selective friction contact with the first friction pad 31a.

Here, the first and second friction pads 31a and 33a may be mounted inclined at a set angle on the inner peripheral surface of the reactor housing 31 and the outer peripheral surface of the sliding member 33, respectively.

That is, the planetary gear locking device 30 provides a more stable and reliable locking function of the third element 13 by increasing the area in which the first and second friction pads 31a and 33a are in frictional contact. Can be done.

In this embodiment, a plurality of the balls 34 are provided and are provided between the second element 12 and the sliding member 33. Here, the balls 34 may be disposed at positions spaced apart from each other by a set angle in the circumferential direction.

These balls 34 are moved radially from the inner side to the outer side by the centrifugal force acting according to the rotational speed of the output shaft 2 so that the frictional contact between the first and second friction pads 31a and 33a is released. By moving the sliding member 33 in a direction opposite to the second element 12, the connection between the fixing portion 14 and the third element 13 connected through the inner race 32 may be selectively released. I can.

Here, in the second element 12, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the balls 34 are radially inwardly in rolling contact with a certain part of the balls 34 inserted on one surface facing the sliding member 33. A plurality of mounting grooves (12b) formed toward the outside from the circumferential direction may be disposed at positions spaced apart from each other by a set angle.

On the other hand, the sliding member 33, as shown in Figs. 6 to 7, and 9, the ball 34 on one surface facing the second element 12 in correspondence with the seating groove (12b) A plurality of cam grooves 33b may be formed so as to be inserted into a certain portion and in rolling contact.

A cam surface 33c may be formed in the cam groove 33b at a position facing outward with respect to the radial direction, and inclined at a set angle from the reactor housing 31 toward the second element 12.

Accordingly, when the centrifugal force acting according to the rotational speed of the output shaft 2 increases, the balls 34 are in rolling contact with the seating groove 12b and the cam groove 33b, and the cam surface 33c The sliding member 33 may slide in a direction opposite to the second element 12 while moving radially outward along the line.

Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the inner race 32 may include a coupling portion 32a and a flange portion 32b.

The sliding member 33 is slidably coupled to the coupling portion 32a at an end inserted into the reactor housing 31. In addition, the flange portion 32b is formed at a position spaced apart from the coupling portion 32a toward the inner surface of the reactor housing 31 based on the axial direction.

Here, at least one locking groove 33d is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the sliding member 33. At least one locking protrusion 32c is protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the coupling portion 32b corresponding to the locking groove 33d.

Accordingly, the sliding member 33 coupled to the coupling portion 32a so as to be slidably movable in the axial direction is inserted into the locking groove 33d by inserting the locking protrusion 32c into the inner race 32. Rotation can be prevented.

Here, a plate spring 35 may be interposed between the sliding member 33 and the flange portion 32a to provide an elastic force to the sliding member 33.

The operation of the locking unit of the planetary gear locking device 30 configured as described above will be described.

First, when the rotational speed of the output shaft 2 is less than the set speed, regardless of the forward or backward driving of the electric vehicle, the balls 34 are in a state in which they are in rolling contact with the seating groove 12b and the cam groove 33b. It is located on the inside based on the radial direction.

In this case, the sliding member 33 maintains its initial position by the elastic force provided by the disc spring 35, and the second friction pad 33a is in frictional contact with the first friction pad 31a. You can keep the initial state.

Accordingly, the reactor housing 31 and the sliding member 33 are connected. Then, the third element 13 is prevented from rotating by maintaining a state connected to the fixing part 14 through the inner race 32 connected to the sliding member 33.

Conversely, when the rotational speed of the output shaft 2 is greater than or equal to the set speed, regardless of the forward or reverse driving of the electric vehicle, the balls 34 are in rolling contact with the seating groove 12b and the cam groove 33b. It is moved outward (top based on FIG. 6) based on the radial direction.

At this time, the balls 34 move along the cam surface 33c from the cam groove 33b, and move the sliding member 33 to the opposite side of the second element 12 based on the axial direction.

In this case, the frictional contact between the first and second friction pads 31a and 33a is released, and at the same time, the disc spring 35 is in a compressed state.

Accordingly, the connection between the reactor housing 31 and the sliding member 33 is released. Then, the third element 13 is disconnected from the fixing part 14 and thus can rotate together with the reactor housing 31 according to the operation of the planetary gear 10.

On the other hand, when the rotational speed of the output shaft 2 is again rotated below the set speed, the balls 34 move from the outer side to the inner side in the radial direction and move from the cam surface 33c to the cam groove 33b.

At this time, as the elastic force provided from the compressed disc spring 35 overcomes the centrifugal force, the sliding member 33 slides toward the second element 12 in the axial direction. Accordingly, the first and second friction pads 31a and 33a may be in frictional contact with each other.

In other words, the planetary gear locking device 30 is in accordance with the rotational speed of the output shaft 2, regardless of the rotation direction of the output shaft 2 according to the forward or reverse of the electric vehicle, the third element 13 and The connection of the fixing portion 14 may be selectively blocked.

For example, when the eddy current torque generator 21 is deactivated according to the rotational speed of the output shaft 2 when the electric vehicle is moving forward or backward, the planetary gear locking device 30 may be configured with the third element ( The third element 13 and the fixing part 14 may be connected so that 13) is stopped.

On the contrary, when the eddy current torque generating unit 21 is operated according to the rotational speed of the output shaft 2, the planetary gear locking device 30 is configured with the eddy current torque generating unit 21 and the third element 13 The connection between the third element 13 and the fixing part 14 may be released so that) is rotated.

That is, when the speed ratio is driven by the gear ratio, the third element 13 is fixed by operation control of the planetary gear locking device 30, and the output of the second element 12 is normally torque multiplied. At this time, the eddy current torque generator 21 is deactivated, thereby enabling normal control of the planetary gear 10.

Conversely, when driving over the speed ratio due to the gear ratio, the fixing of the third element 13 is released by the operation control of the planetary gear locking device 30, and the eddy current caused by the operation of the eddy current torque generator 21 Eddy current torque is generated.

Accordingly, the first element 11 and the second element 12 transmit eddy current torque, and the output of the second element 12 transmits the torque.

Here, the eddy current torque may increase the speed ratio more than the speed ratio due to the gear ratio, and the planetary gear locking device 30 may be deactivated so that the third element 13 of the planetary gear 10 is rotated. have.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, the locking unit of the planetary gear locking device 30 is provided between the second element 12 and the third element 13, depending on the rotational speed of the output shaft 2 It has been described as an exemplary embodiment that the fixed part 14 is not rotated or is coupled to the fixed part 14 while being operated, but is not limited thereto.

For example, the planetary gear locking device 30 is connected to the first element 11 and the first element 11 through the back cover 24 connected to the input shaft 1 so as to operate according to the rotational speed of the input shaft 1. It may be provided between the third elements 13.

In this embodiment, the lock-up mechanism 40 is provided on both sides of the second element 12 with respect to the axial direction, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. This lockup mechanism 40 may be interlocked with the eddy current torque generator 21.

That is, the lock-up mechanism 40 may operate in conjunction with the operation or non-operation of the eddy current torque generating unit 21.

Here, the lock-up mechanism 40 is an inner surface of the front cover 22 and the back cover 24 by a centrifugal force transmitted to the eddy current torque generator 21 according to the rotational speed of the output shaft 2 ( The input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2 are directly connected to each other while selectively contacting the axial direction).

Here, the lock-up mechanism 40 may include a lock-up plate 41, a roller 42, and a friction member 43.

First, the lockup plate 41 can slide in the axial direction on both sides of the second element 12 in correspondence with the inner surfaces of the front cover 22 and the back cover 24 based on the axial direction. Arranged in a way.

The rollers 42 are configured as a pair, and when the hinge arm 311 is moved radially outward by a centrifugal force generated according to the rotational speed of the output shaft 2, the lockup plate 41 Mounted rotatably on both sides of the hinge arm 311 between each of the lock-up plate 41 and the hinge arm 311 to move toward the front cover 22 and the back cover 23, respectively Can be.

These rollers 42 are respectively disposed on both sides of the hinge arm 311 based on the axial direction. That is, the roller 42 may be configured as a plurality of pairs by making a pair of one pair corresponding to the hinge arm 311 formed of a plurality.

Here, the lock-up plate 41 may be formed in a ring shape, and at least one contact portion 41a which is in rolling contact with the roller 42 may protrude on one surface corresponding to the roller 42.

A plurality of the contact portions 41a may be formed on one surface of the lock-up plate 41 facing the second element 12 based on the axial direction, and at positions spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction.

An inclined surface 41b that rolls into contact with the roller 42 is integrally formed on the contact portion 41a (see FIG. 8 ).

The length of the inclined surface 41b may increase from a lower portion toward the center of rotation of the first element 11 toward an upper portion toward an outer side in the radial direction.

In addition, a plurality of guide holes 41c may be formed in the lock-up plate 41, respectively.

First, a guide protrusion 12a formed in the second element 12 is inserted into the guide hole 41c of the lock-up plate 41 disposed toward the front cover 22 side.

In addition, an end of the hinge shaft 312 rotatably supporting the hinge arm 311 may be inserted into the guide hole 41c of the lockup plate 41 disposed toward the back cover 24 side. have.

Accordingly, the lock-up plate 41 slides in the axial direction by the roller 42, which is moved together while the hinge arm 311 rotates radially outward around the hinge pin 312, The axial movement may be stably guided by the guide protrusion 12a and the hinge shaft 312 inserted into each of the guide holes 41c.

In this embodiment, the friction member 43 is mounted on the inner surfaces of the front cover 22 and the back cover 24 corresponding to each of the lock-up plates 41.

This friction member 43 is in frictional contact with the lock-up plate 41 when the lock-up plate 41 is close to the inner surfaces of the front cover 22 and the back cover 24 based on the axial direction. I can.

Here, the friction member 43 is mounted through a mounting plate 44 mounted on the front cover 22 and the back cover 24, respectively. The mounting plate 44 may be mounted in mounting grooves 22a and 24a respectively formed on inner surfaces of the front cover 22 and the back cover 24.

In addition, a plurality of friction members 43 may be mounted on one surface of the mounting plate 44 facing the lockup plate 41 to be spaced apart along the circumferential direction.

That is, when the centrifugal force increases according to the rotational speed of the output shaft 2, the eddy current torque generator 21 generates the eddy current torque by the eddy current generated as the centrifugal body 212 approaches the permanent magnet 211. Can occur.

In this state, when the rotational speed of the output shaft 2 is further increased, the hinge arm 311 moves toward the outer side in the radial direction and the centrifugal body 212 is brought close to the permanent magnet 211.

At this time, the roller 42 is in rolling contact with the inclined surface 41b of the contact portion 41a provided on the lockup plate 41, and moves radially outward with the hinge arm 311 The lockup plate 41 is moved toward the front cover 22 and the back cover 24.

Then, the lock-up plate 41 is moved toward the inner side surfaces of the front cover 22 and the back cover 24 by the roller 42, and is in frictional contact with the friction member 43.

Accordingly, the eddy current torque generating unit 21 is deactivated, and the lockup mechanism 40 is operated to perform a lockup function.

The lock-up mechanism 40 configured as described above is interlocked with the operation of the eddy current torque generating unit 21, and during operation, the first and second elements 11 and 12, the front cover 22, And by connecting the back cover 24, the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2 can be directly connected.

Accordingly, when the lock-up mechanism 40 is operated, by directly connecting the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2, the input and output speeds are transmitted at 1:1, and the torque of the driving motor M Can be transmitted directly to the transmission.

Hereinafter, the operation of the dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 18.

10 to 12 are diagrams showing a planetary gear operation applied to a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, an operation of a planetary gear locking device, a non-operation of the eddy current torque generator, and a non-operation of the lock-up mechanism. 13 to 15 illustrate non-operation of a planetary gear applied to a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, a non-operation of the planetary gear locking device, an operation of an eddy current torque generator, and a non-operation of the lock-up mechanism. 16 to 18 illustrate the operation of a planetary gear applied to a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, a non-operation of the planetary gear locking device, a non-operation of the eddy current torque generator, and an operation state of the lock-up mechanism. These are the drawings shown.

First, with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12, the operation of the electric vehicle during initial driving will be described.

When the electric vehicle is initially driven, the planetary gear 10 is operated, but the eddy current torque generator 21 is deactivated due to a lack of centrifugal force due to the low-speed rotation of the output shaft 2 (A1) and does not generate an eddy current. No (see Fig. 10). Therefore, torque is not generated by eddy current.

That is, when the centrifugal force is insufficient at the rotational speed of the output shaft 2, the hinge arm 311 is rotated radially inward around the hinge pin 312 by the tensile force provided from the elastic member 313 Keep it. Accordingly, the centrifugal body 212 maintains an initial state away from the permanent magnet 211.

Here, in the planetary gear locking device 30, as shown in FIG. 11, as the centrifugal force is insufficient at the rotational speed of the output shaft 2, the balls 34 of the locking unit are placed in the seating groove 12b. And the cam groove (33b) in a state in which the rolling contact is located inside the radial direction.

In this case, the sliding member 33 maintains its initial position by the elastic force provided by the disc spring 35, and the second friction pad 33a is in frictional contact with the first friction pad 31a. You can keep the initial state.

Accordingly, the reactor housing 31 and the sliding member 33 are connected. Then, the third element 13 is prevented from rotating by maintaining a state connected to the fixing part 14 through the inner race 32 connected to the sliding member 33.

That is, the planetary gear locking device 30 is operated to stop the third element 13 as the eddy current torque generating unit 21 is deactivated.

At this time, as the lock-up mechanism 40 maintains the initial state in which the eddy current torque generator 21 is not operated, as shown in FIG. 12, the lock-up plate 41 moves outward based on the axial direction. By not doing so, it is possible to maintain a non-operating state.

Then, when the electric vehicle is initially driven, the input torque is normally torque multiplied due to the gear ratio of the planetary gear 10 and transmitted to the reducer GB.

In this state, when the output speed of the output shaft 2 is increased to increase the centrifugal force, as shown in Figs. 13 to 15, the centrifugal force of the centrifugal body 212 reduces the elastic force of the elastic member 313 You will overcome.

Then, the hinge arm 311 may be rotated radially outwardly around the hinge pin 312 to allow the centrifugal body 212 to approach the permanent magnet 211.

At this time, the eddy current torque generator 21 operates (A2) to generate an eddy current between the centrifugal body 212 and the permanent magnet 211, and the eddy current torque generated by the eddy current is the first, And to the second element 11, 12.

Accordingly, the first and second elements 11 and 12 may be powered by eddy current torque. That is, when the eddy current torque is generated, the speed ratio of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2 is increased above the speed ratio due to the gear.

The eddy current torque generated between the centrifugal body 212 and the permanent magnet 211 may increase as the relative speed difference increases.

In this embodiment, since the eddy current torque increases the speed ratio of the centrifugal body 212 and the permanent magnet 211 to a set value (eg, 0.8 or more), the dry torque converter for an electric vehicle functions as a conventional fluid torque converter. Can be implemented.

In addition, when the eddy current torque generator 21 is operated (A2), in the planetary gear locking device 30, the balls 34 are in rolling contact with the seating groove 12b and the cam groove 33b. It is moved outward (top based on FIG. 14) based on the radial direction.

At this time, the balls 34 move along the cam surface 33c from the cam groove 33b, and move the sliding member 33 to the opposite side of the second element 12 based on the axial direction.

Then, frictional contact between the first and second friction pads 31a and 33a is released, and at the same time, the disc spring 35 is in a compressed state.

Accordingly, the connection between the reactor housing 31 and the sliding member 33 is released, and the third element 13 is disconnected from the fixing part 14, thereby operating the planetary gear 10 Accordingly, it may rotate together with the reactor housing 31.

That is, the planetary gear locking device 30 may release the connection between the third element 13 and the fixing unit 14 so that the eddy current torque generating unit 21 and the third element 13 rotate. have.

Here, in the lock-up mechanism 40, the lock-up plates 41 rolling in contact with the roller 42 by rotating the hinge arm 311 toward the outer side in the radial direction around the hinge axis 312 The front and back covers 22 and 24 are moved in the axial direction by a predetermined distance toward the inner side.

However, as the centrifugal body 212 maintains a state not completely in contact with the permanent magnet 211, the lock-up plate 41 maintains a certain distance between the friction member 43 and does not contact with friction. By not doing, it can be disabled.

And if the output speed of the output shaft 2 is continuously increased, as shown in FIGS. 16 to 18, the centrifugal force of the centrifugal body 212 further overcomes the elastic force of the elastic member 313.

Then, the hinge arm 311 is rotated radially outward around the hinge pin 312 to bring the centrifugal body 212 closer to the permanent magnet 211.

Here, the planetary gear locking device 30 may maintain a state in which the connection between the third element 13 and the fixing part 14 is released so that the third element 13 is rotated.

At this time, the roller 42 of the lock-up mechanism 40 is in rolling contact with the inclined surface 41b of the contact portion 41a formed on the lock-up plate 41, and is radially outward by the hinge arm 311 Is moved toward.

Then, the lock-up plate 41 is moved toward the inner surfaces of the front and back covers 22 and 24 by the roller 42 moving upwards based on FIG. 18, and the friction member 42 Friction contact.

In this way, when the lock-up mechanism 40 is operated (A3), the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2 are directly connected through the front cover 22 and the back cover 24. At this time, in the eddy current torque generating unit 21, as the front cover 22 and the back cover 24 are rotated integrally, generation of eddy current is stopped.

Therefore, when the lock-up mechanism 40 is operated (A3), the eddy current torque generator 21 is deactivated, and the first and second elements 11 and 12, the front cover 22, and the By connecting the back cover 24, the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2 can be directly connected.

That is, when the lock-up mechanism 40 is operated, by directly connecting the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2, the input and output speeds are transmitted at 1:1, and the torque of the driving motor M is It can be transmitted directly to the transmission.

Meanwhile, the dry torque converter for an electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above may be integrally mounted on the drive motor M or integrally mounted on the reducer GB.

The dry torque converter for an electric vehicle configured as described above includes an input assembly, an output assembly, and a reactor assembly.

The input assembly includes the input shaft (1), the first element (11) connected to the input shaft (1), the front cover (22), the back cover (24), the front cover (22). It may include a permanent magnet 211.

The output assembly is disposed on the output shaft (2), the second element (12) connected to the output shaft (2), the pinion gear (P), and the second element (12), and the permanent magnet (211) ) Facing the centrifugal body 212, and the lock-up mechanism 40 may be included.

Further, the reactor assembly may include the planetary gear locking device 30 interconnecting the third element 13 and the fixing part 14.

19 is a table showing the operation of an eddy current torque generator, a planetary gear locking device, and a lock-up mechanism controlled by the dry torque converter control method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. This is a table showing the operation of planetary gear elements controlled by the dry torque converter control method for electric vehicles.

19 to 20, in the dry torque converter control method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, a normal torque output to the second element 12 at a speed ratio (at the time of initial driving) by a gear ratio is In the first step of multiplying, the second step of transmitting the torque output to the second element 12 at more than the speed ratio due to the gear ratio (when the centrifugal force increases), and the speed ratio more than the speed ratio due to the gear ratio (when the centrifugal force further increases) The first and second elements (11, 12) are directly connected to the front cover (22) and the back cover (24) while contacting the inner surfaces of the front cover (22) and the back cover (24). And a third step of directly connecting the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2.

The first step is the output shaft 2 by controlling the operation of the planetary gear locking device 30 provided between the third element 13 and the fixing part 14 at a speed ratio (at the time of initial driving) by a gear ratio. Regardless of the rotation direction of ), the torque output to the second element 12 is multiplied by selectively fixing and controlling the third element 13 according to the rotational speed of the output shaft 2.

In the first step, the eddy current torque generator 21 and the lock-up mechanism 40 are deactivated (see FIGS. 10 and 12) due to the operation of the planetary gear locking device 30 (see FIG. 11). do. Due to this, the third element 13 is fixed to the fixing part 14.

That is, the operation of the planetary gear locking device 30 is the sliding member 33 relative to the axial direction so that the first and second friction pads 31a and 33a are in frictional contact with each other. It is positioned close to element 12.

Here, in the first step, the eddy current is not generated due to the non-operation of the eddy current torque generator 21, and thus, a part of the torque of the output shaft 2 can be transmitted to the second element 12. .

Therefore, the dry torque converter according to the embodiment of the present invention is input while the first element 11 is rotated in the forward direction due to the speed ratio due to the gear ratio of the planetary gear 10 when the electric vehicle equipped with it is initially driven. The second element 12 multiplies the input torque and outputs it to the reducer GB. At this time, the third element 13 is fixed to the fixing part 14 by the planetary gear fixing device.

In other words, when the electric vehicle is initially driven, the centrifugal body 212 is not operated because the output speed is low and the centrifugal force is insufficient. Then, the permanent magnet 211 may maintain a state spaced apart from the centrifugal body 212 (see FIG. 10).

Accordingly, the eddy current torque generating unit 21 does not generate a transmission torque due to the eddy current between the centrifugal body 212 and the permanent magnet 211.

In the second step, the eddy current torque provided between the first element 11 and the second element 12 is greater than or equal to the speed ratio due to the gear ratio (when centrifugal force increases) as the speed of the output shaft 2 increases. Eddy current is generated by operation control of the generator 21 (see Fig. 13).

This eddy current generates an eddy current torque, and the first element (sun gear: 11) and the second element (carrier: 12) transmit power using the generated eddy current torque to reduce the torque output to the second element 12. I can deliver.

Here, in the second step, the planetary gear locking device 30 and the lock-up mechanism 40 are deactivated due to the operation of the eddy current torque generator 21 (see FIGS. 14 to 15). Accordingly, the third element 13, which is disconnected from the fixing portion 14, may rotate in the same direction as the rotating first and second elements 11 and 12.

In addition, in the second step, due to the eddy current torque generated by the operation of the eddy current torque generating unit 21, the torque of the output shaft 2 is converted to the second element 12 and the eddy current torque generating unit 21. Deliver.

That is, when the output rotational speed of the dry torque converter increases due to the increase in the speed of the electric vehicle, the centrifugal force of the output shaft 2 increases, so that the centrifugal body 212 moves outward in the radial direction.

Through this operation, the permanent magnet 211 and the centrifugal body 212 that are close to each other may generate an eddy current due to an interaction due to a speed difference (see FIG. 13 ).

In this way, eddy current torque is generated due to the influence of the magnetic force and eddy current of the permanent magnet 211, and the generated eddy current torque may increase the speed ratio. At this time, the third element 13 rotates in the input direction.

In the third step, as the speed of the output shaft 2 further increases in a state that is greater than or equal to the speed ratio due to the gear ratio, the eddy current torque generator 21 provided in the second element 12 is interlocked with the Controls the operation of the lock-up mechanism 40 (see Fig. 18).

At this time, in the lock-up mechanism 40 operated by the eddy current torque generating unit 21, the friction member 43 provided on the axial inner surface of the front cover 22 and the back cover 24 As the lock-up plates 41 are respectively in frictional contact, the first and second elements 11 and 12 may be directly connected to each other to directly connect the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2.

Here, in the third step, the planetary gear locking device 30 may be deactivated due to the operation of the lock-up mechanism 40, and the eddy current torque generating unit 21 may be deactivated. See Fig. 17).

Accordingly, the third element 13 can be rotated in the same direction (forward direction) as the first and second elements 11 and 12 rotating in a forward direction, and the second element 12 is the first element. It can be rotated at the same speed as (11).

In addition, the third step is the input shaft 1 and the output shaft due to the operation of the lock-up mechanism 40, the non-operation of the planetary gear locking device 30, and the non-operation of the eddy current torque generator 21 The input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2 can be directly connected so that the rotational speed of (2) is 1:1.

That is, since the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2 are directly connected, the torque of the driving motor M can be directly transmitted to the transmission, and the input and output speeds can be transmitted at 1:1.

As described above, the dry torque converter according to the present embodiment is mounted between the drive motor M and the reducer GB in the electric vehicle powertrain, and at the time of initial driving, the torque of the drive motor M is normalized. When the output speed is increased, the torque of the driving motor M is multiplied by more than the speed by the gear ratio by the eddy current torque and transmitted to the reducer GB.

In addition, when the output speed is increased above the set speed, the first and second elements 11 and 12 are directly connected through the operation of the lock-up mechanism 40, and the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2 ) By direct connection, the input and output speed can be delivered 1:1.

Accordingly, the planetary gear locking device 30 according to the embodiment of the present invention, a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle having the same, and a control method thereof are the first element (11: sun gear) and the second element of the planetary gear 10. (12: carrier) is provided with the eddy current torque generating unit 21 between the first and second elements (with no eddy current generated by the rotational speed of the output shaft 2 or eddy current torque generated by the eddy current) ( 11, 12) to transmit power by the non-connected or eddy current torque, and the third element (13: ring gear) and the fixing part 14 are fixed or rotated by the planetary gear locking device 30 to control the gear ratio. The torque is multiplied at the speed ratio due to the gear ratio, and the eddy current torque can be output above the speed ratio due to the gear ratio.

In addition, the present invention can reduce the size of the drive motor (M) and the inverter connected to the input shaft (1) because the torque multiplication factor is large, and fast, high efficiency through high-speed rotation of the drive motor (M) during initial driving. By entering the area, current consumption of the driving motor M may be reduced.

In addition, since the present invention controls the output torque by rotating up to 0.8 of the input/output speed ratio by the centrifugal force of the output speed without a separate actuator, manufacturing cost can be reduced.

In addition, the present invention provides a function of increasing the torque using the planetary gear 10 and increasing the speed ratio using the eddy current of the eddy current torque generating unit 21, and the driving motor ( Since the torque of M) can be directly transmitted to the transmission, the input and output speeds can be transmitted 1:1, and all the functions of a conventional fluid torque converter can be implemented.

In addition, the present invention provides the planetary gear 10 through the planetary gear locking device 30 operating according to the rotational speed of the output shaft 2 regardless of the rotation direction of the output shaft 2 even when the vehicle is reversing. The used torque can be multiplied and the overall marketability can be improved.

As described above, although the present invention has been described by the limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the technical spirit of the present invention and the following by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains. It goes without saying that various modifications and variations are possible within the equivalent range of the claims to be described.

1: input shaft
2: output shaft
10: planetary gear
11: first element (sun gear)
12: second element (carrier)
12a: mounting groove
13: third element (ring gear)
14: fixed part
21: Eddy current torque generator
22: front cover
24: back cover
30: planetary gear locking device
31: reactor housing;
31a: first friction pad
32: inner race
32a: coupling part
32b: flange part
32c: stumbling block
33: sliding member
33a: second friction pad
33b: cam groove
33c: cam surface
33d: locking groove
34: ball
35: plate spring
40: lock-up mechanism
41: lockup plate
42: roller
43: friction member
44: mounting plate
211: permanent magnet
212: centrifugal body
311: hinge arm
312: hinge pin
313: elastic member
GB: gear box
M: drive motor
P: pinion gear

Claims (42)

A planetary gear including a first element connected to an input shaft, a second element connected to an output shaft, and a third element variably connected to a fixed part fixed regardless of rotation of the input shaft and rotation of the output shaft; And
When the input shaft or the output shaft rotates at a low rotational speed less than or equal to a set value, the third element is coupled to the fixed part so as to be non-rotatable, and the input shaft or the output shaft rotates at a high rotational speed less than a set value. A locking unit releasing the coupling of the third element and the fixing part by a moving member that is moved radially from the inside to the outside by a centrifugal force generated by rotation of the input shaft or the output shaft;
Planetary gear locking device comprising a. The method of claim 1,
The locking unit is provided between the second element and the third element,
A reactor housing mounted on the third element;
An inner race rotatably mounted on the rotation center of the reactor housing and connected to the fixing unit;
A sliding member mounted to be slidably movable in an axial direction at one end of the inner race facing the second element in the reactor housing;
A first friction pad mounted on the inner circumferential surface of the reactor housing; And
A second friction pad mounted on an outer circumferential surface of the sliding member in correspondence with the first friction pad and selectively in friction contact with the first friction pad; Including,
The moving member is provided between the second element and the sliding member, and is moved radially from the inner side to the outer side by a centrifugal force acting according to the rotational speed of the output shaft, while friction between the first and second friction pads And at least one ball for selectively releasing the connection between the third element and the inner race by moving the sliding member in a direction opposite to the second element so that the contact is released. The method of claim 2,
In the second element
Planetary gear locking device, characterized in that at least one seating groove is formed from the radially inner side toward the outer side so as to be in rolling contact with the ball in a state in which the ball is partially inserted on one surface facing the sliding member. The method of claim 3,
In the sliding member
A planetary gear locking device, characterized in that at least one cam groove is formed so that the ball is partially inserted into the one surface facing the second element corresponding to the seating groove so as to be in rolling contact. The method of claim 4,
In the cam groove
A planetary gear locking device, characterized in that the cam surface is formed at a position facing outward based on the radial direction and inclined at a set angle from the reactor housing toward the second element. The method of claim 5,
The ball is
When the centrifugal force acting according to the rotational speed of the output shaft increases, the sliding member moves in a radial direction outward along the cam surface in a rolling contact with the seating groove and the cam groove, while moving the sliding member in a direction opposite to the second element. Planetary gear locking device, characterized in that the slide movement. The method of claim 2,
The inner race is
A coupling portion in which the sliding member is slidably coupled at an end inserted into the reactor housing; And
A flange portion formed at a position spaced apart from the coupling portion toward the inner surface of the reactor housing based on the axial direction;
Planetary gear locking device, characterized in that it further comprises. The method of claim 7,
At least one locking groove is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding member,
At least one locking protrusion is protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the coupling portion corresponding to the locking groove,
Planetary gear locking device, characterized in that the locking projection is inserted into the locking groove to prevent rotation of the sliding member coupled to the coupling portion. The method of claim 7,
A planetary gear locking device, characterized in that a plate spring is interposed between the sliding member and the flange portion to provide an elastic force to the sliding member. The method of claim 2,
The first and second friction pads
Planetary gear locking device, characterized in that the inclined mounting at a set angle on the inner peripheral surface of the reactor housing and the outer peripheral surface of the sliding member, respectively. A planetary gear connected to the input shaft by a first element, connected to the output shaft by a second element, and variably connected to the fixed part by a third element;
At least one eddy current torque generator provided between the first element and the second element and generating an eddy current to be controlled by the speed of the output shaft;
A front cover integrally connected to the input shaft and the first element to house the planetary gear;
Planetary gear comprising a locking unit provided between the second element and the third element to intercept the connection of the third element and the fixing unit according to the rotational speed of the output shaft, regardless of the rotational direction of the output shaft lock;
A back cover provided on the output shaft side and coupled to the front cover; And
It is provided on both sides of the second element based on the axial direction, and selectively contacts the inner surfaces of the front cover and the back cover by a centrifugal force generated according to the rotational speed of the output shaft, and the input shaft and the output shaft A lock-up mechanism that directly connects to;
Dry torque converter for an electric vehicle comprising a. The method of claim 11,
The eddy current torque generator
A permanent magnet connected to the first element; And
A centrifugal body disposed facing the permanent magnet to have conductivity, connected through a hinge arm hinged to an outer circumference of the second element, and controlled by a speed of the output shaft;
Dry torque converter for an electric vehicle comprising a. The method of claim 12,
The permanent magnets are disposed at a set interval along the circumferential direction from the inside of the front cover in the radial direction,
The centrifugal body is a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that connected to the second element through an elastic member. The method of claim 12,
The permanent magnet is
Dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that the N pole and the S pole are repeatedly arranged along the periphery of the inner peripheral surface of the front cover. The method of claim 12,
The lockup mechanism
A lock-up plate disposed to be slidably movable in an axial direction on both sides of the second element, corresponding to inner surfaces of the front cover and the back cover based on an axial direction;
When the hinge arm is moved radially outward due to a centrifugal force generated according to the rotational speed of the output shaft, each of the lock-up plate and the hinge arm moves the lock-up plate toward the front cover and the back cover, respectively. A pair of rollers rotatably mounted on both sides of the hinge arm, respectively; And
A friction member mounted on inner surfaces of the front cover and the back cover corresponding to each of the lockup plates;
Dry torque converter for an electric vehicle comprising a. The method of claim 15,
The lockup plate
A dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that it is formed in a ring shape, and at one surface corresponding to the roller, at least one contact portion that is in rolling contact with the roller is protruded. The method of claim 16,
The contact part
A dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that a plurality of pieces are formed at positions spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction on one surface of the lock-up plate facing the second element based on an axial direction. The method of claim 16,
On the contact part
Dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that the inclined surface in rolling contact with the roller is integrally formed. The method of claim 18,
The slope is
Dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that the width length increases from the lower portion toward the rotation center of the first element toward the upper portion toward the radial outer side. The method of claim 15,
Guide holes are respectively formed in the lock-up plate,
A guide protrusion formed on the second element is inserted into the guide hole of the lock-up plate disposed toward the front cover side,
The dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that an end of a hinge shaft for rotatably supporting the hinge arm is inserted into the guide hole of the lockup plate disposed toward the back cover side. The method of claim 20,
The lockup plate
When the roller slides in the axial direction, the axial movement is guided by the guide protrusion and the hinge shaft inserted into each of the guide holes. The method of claim 15,
The friction member is
Dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that mounted through mounting plates mounted on the front cover and the back cover, respectively. The method of claim 22,
The mounting plate is
Dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that mounted in the mounting grooves respectively formed on the inner surface of the front cover and the back cover. The method of claim 22,
The friction member is
A dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that a plurality of mounted plates are spaced apart along a circumferential direction on one surface of the mounting plate facing the lockup plate. The method of claim 11,
The eddy current torque generator
The dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that the first element and the second element are separated according to the speed of the output shaft, or power is transmitted by eddy current torque. The method of claim 11,
The locking unit
A reactor housing mounted on the third element;
An inner race rotatably mounted on the rotation center of the reactor housing and connected to the fixing unit;
A sliding member mounted to be slidably movable in an axial direction at one end of the inner race facing the second element in the reactor housing;
A first friction pad mounted on the inner circumferential surface of the reactor housing;
A second friction pad mounted on an outer circumferential surface of the sliding member in correspondence with the first friction pad and selectively in friction contact with the first friction pad; And
It is provided between the second element and the sliding member, so that the frictional contact between the first and second friction pads is released while being moved from radially inward to outward by centrifugal force acting according to the rotational speed of the output shaft. At least one ball selectively releasing the connection between the third element and the inner race by moving the sliding member in a direction opposite to the second element;
Dry torque converter for an electric vehicle comprising a. The method of claim 26,
In the second element
Dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that at least one seating groove is formed radially from the inner side to the outer side in a rolling contact with the ball inserted in a certain portion on one surface facing the sliding member. The method of claim 27,
In the sliding member
A dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that at least one cam groove is formed so that a predetermined portion of the ball is inserted into the one surface facing the second element corresponding to the seating groove so as to make rolling contact. The method of claim 28,
In the cam groove
A dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that it is formed at a position facing outward based on a radial direction, and a cam surface inclined at a set angle from the reactor housing toward the second element. The method of claim 29,
The ball is
When the centrifugal force acting according to the rotational speed of the output shaft increases, the sliding member moves in a radial direction outward along the cam surface in a rolling contact with the seating groove and the cam groove, while moving the sliding member in a direction opposite to the second element. Dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that the slide movement. The method of claim 26,
The inner race is
A coupling portion in which the sliding member is slidably coupled at an end inserted into the reactor housing; And
A flange portion formed at a position spaced apart from the coupling portion toward the inner surface of the reactor housing based on the axial direction;
Dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that it further comprises. The method of claim 31,
At least one locking groove is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding member,
At least one locking protrusion is protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the coupling portion corresponding to the locking groove,
Dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that the locking projection is inserted into the locking groove to prevent rotation of the sliding member coupled to the coupling portion. The method of claim 31,
A dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that a plate spring is interposed between the sliding member and the flange portion to provide an elastic force to the sliding member. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 11,
The first element is a sun gear,
The second element is a carrier,
The third element is a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that the ring gear. The method of claim 11,
The eddy current torque generator
A dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that a plurality of the second elements are spaced apart at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the second element. In a planetary gear having a first element connected to the input shaft, a second element connected to the output shaft, a third element variably connected to the fixed part, and a speed ratio according to a set gear ratio,
The third element is selectively fixed according to the rotational speed of the output shaft regardless of the rotation direction of the output shaft by controlling the operation of the planetary gear locking device provided between the third element and the fixing part at the speed ratio due to the gear ratio. A first step of controlling and multiplying the torque output to the second element;
As the speed of the output shaft increases, the first element and the second element are generated by eddy current by controlling the operation of the eddy current torque generator provided between the first element and the second element at a speed ratio higher than or equal to the gear ratio. A second step of transmitting power through eddy current torque to transmit torque output to the second element; And
When the speed ratio is greater than or equal to the gear ratio, the operation control of the lock-up mechanism provided in the second element and interlocked with the eddy current torque generator in response to the increase in the speed of the output shaft makes contact with the inner surfaces of the front cover and the back cover in the axial direction. A third step of directly connecting the input shaft and the output shaft by directly connecting the first and second elements;
Dry torque converter control method for an electric vehicle comprising a. The method of claim 36,
The first step
The dry torque converter control method for an electric vehicle, characterized in that non-operating control of the eddy current torque generating unit and the lock-up mechanism due to the operation of the planetary gear locking device. The method of claim 37,
The first step
A dry torque converter control method for an electric vehicle, characterized in that a part of the output shaft torque is transmitted to the second element due to the non-operation of the eddy current torque generator. The method of claim 36,
The second step
A dry torque converter control method for an electric vehicle, characterized in that non-operating control of the planetary gear locking device and the lock-up mechanism due to the operation of the eddy current torque generating unit. The method of claim 39,
The second step
Due to the operation of the eddy current torque generating unit, the torque of the output shaft is transmitted to the second element and the eddy current torque generating unit, characterized in that the dry torque converter control method for an electric vehicle. The method of claim 36,
The third step
The control method of a dry torque converter for an electric vehicle, characterized in that non-operational control of the planetary gear locking device and non-operational control of the eddy current torque generator due to the operation of the lock-up mechanism. The method of claim 41,
The third step
The input shaft and the output shaft are directly connected so that the rotational speed of the input shaft and the output shaft is 1:1 due to the operation of the lock-up mechanism, the non-operation of the planetary gear locking device, and the non-operation of the eddy current torque generator. Dry torque converter control method for electric vehicles.

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