KR20250054645A - a one-point braille - Google Patents

Abstract

This is an innovation that changes the 6-dot Braille, which consists of 6 dots, into a 1-dot Braille. It is a 1-dot Braille that expresses Korean letters based on 10 dot shapes (symbols) that are transformed from the basic convex heaven, earth, and man models into shapes that can detect the shape of a hollow and the needle inside the hollow, and then a star shape is added to these.
1. Title of the work
a one-point braille
2. Purpose of production
The purpose is to ensure a convenient life for the visually impaired by simplifying the 6-dot Braille currently used by the visually impaired into 1-dot Braille.
3. Production of works
Ⅰ. Definition and origin of Braille
1. Definition of Braille
Braille is a special type of letter for the visually impaired that is arranged in dots. It is a special type of symbol that allows the visually impaired to read by tracing it with their fingers. Braille is a special type of letter that allows the visually impaired to read by feeling the touch with their fingertips by arranging letters in different shapes by changing the raised dots.
2. Origin of Braille
In 1808, French army officer Barbier came up with the idea of a raised dot alphabet that could be read by the feel of a finger in the dark to convey military messages during night battles. In 1829, Louis Braille, who was attending the Paris School for the Blind, created the 12-dot Braille, which is used today as the 6-dot Braille, making it possible for the visually impaired to receive knowledge education.
Ⅱ. Basic principles of Braille
1. Basic principles of 1-point Braille
First, it is made up of dots, each of which is made up of one dot (symbol) in ten different shapes.
Second, it is an expression promised to distinguish between the shapes of dots transformed based on heaven (●), earth (■), and man (◆) and to distinguish between left and right positions, and to presuppose the ability to detect the space between dots.
Third, the composition of Braille Hangul follows the writing method of ‘consonant + vowel + final consonant’.

Fourth, we agree to leave about 4mm of space between letters, about 2mm of space between symbols, and about 6mm of space between words.
III. Braille's Promise
1. The principle of the 1-dot Braille system
1-dot Braille is composed of 10 basic dot shapes from 0 to 9. Based on these 10 ordering conventions, 19 consonants are divided into two types, A and B, and vowels are also divided into types A and B, and letters are formed by combining consonants and vowels of the same shape.
'By leveraging the experience of successfully expressing Hangul with 10 numbers in mental arithmetic, it was also possible to express Hangul with 10 different dot shapes in 1-dot Braille.
Once you memorize the dot-shaped promise of Braille and understand how to combine consonants and vowels, you can express yourself in Korean and make Braille a part of your life.
2, 1 dot dot dot promise
[Example 1] Basic agreement of 1-point Braille dot type
One-dot Braille can express all Korean letters with 10 dots of different shapes. The basic convention is vowel A-type O( ) and 우(★) to avoid overuse, we promise to add 오(ㆆ) and 우(*) as vowels type B.
1~9, 0 to ㄱ~ㅈ, ㅊ, and fill in the blanks at the end of consonant type B with the consonants F and V pronunciation ( ) is supplemented.
In the mental arithmetic representation of numbers, the vowel B type 6789 is considered to have the same shape of the lower part as the vowel A type 1234, so both vowels A and B are promised to be the same vowels : eu (1·6), i (2·7), a (3·8), and eo (4·9) .
[Figure 1] Relationship between the 12 basic dot models used in 1-dot Braille and the numbers

The dot patterns of the 6-dot Braille are 1, 2, and 3 from the top left to bottom, and 4, 5, and 6 from the top right to bottom. Also, 1 and 4 are classified as the top, 2 and 5 as the middle, and 3 and 6 as the bottom.
[Figure 2] Comparison of object composition between 6-dot Braille and 1-dot Braille

Unlike the 6-dot Braille, which is made up of 6 dots that come together to form a single entity, each dot is treated as a single entity, and each dot provides a different tactile sensation, promising 12 dot types that can distinguish the numbers 0 to 9.
Ⅳ. The promise of consonants
1. Consonant written at the beginning of a letter
Braille's consonants use all 19 consonants of the currently used Korean alphabet.
[Example 2] Consonant display in 6-dot Braille and 1-dot Braille

In the 1-dot Braille letters, the consonant A (ㄱ ~ㅊ) is used before the vowel A type, and the consonant B (ㄲ ~ ㅉ) is used before the vowel B type. ) is a promise that the older brother will be utilized.
[View 2] Only 14 are introduced in the 6-dot Braille, but 5 of them, including 'ㄲ, ㄸ, ㅃ, ㅆ, ㅉ', are 'aspirated sound signs ( ) is added to the consonants, so all 19 consonants are used.
V. The promise of the vowels
1. Omission of the first consonant of the 1-dot Braille letter 'ㅇ(8)'
[Example 3] The dot (▣8) of the consonant (ㅇ) before diphthongs such as ya, yeo, yo, and yu can be omitted.

2. Notation of double vowels in 6-dot Braille and 1-dot Braille
[Example 4] Notation of 6-dot Braille vowels and 1-dot Braille vowels ('▣' before double vowels omitted)

In 6-dot Braille, 21 vowels are used like single vowels, but in 1-dot Braille, if you memorize only the vowels divided into Type A and Type B, you can create a compound vowel by combining the 6 single vowels, so any complex compound vowel can be created by systematic and rational combination. The compound vowels are grouped with dots (*).
3. 3-point division of the 1-point Braille vowel
The 1-dot Braille consists of the six shapes of heaven (●), earth (■), man (◆) and their variations ( ) and star (★) shapes are used. In order to avoid the repeated use of the A-type vowels dot (oh) and dot (★) as B-type vowels, it was promised that dot (ㆆ) o and dot (*) u would be added as B-type vowels.
[Figure 3] A collection of B-type symmetrical to A-type

[Example 5] The three-part method of consonants, vowels, and final consonants, and the consonants and vowels divided into types A and B

When consonants of type B are used as final consonants, they are written as a pair of letters of type B consonants. Therefore, when 'ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, ㅎ' are used as final consonants, they are expressed by writing them repeatedly as a duplicate pair.
The letters that are composed of spaces are consonants first, vowels second, and all subsequent consonants. Therefore, when double vowels and double consonants are used, the letter size increases. Since the spacing between dots is the standard for letter and sentence composition, special attention must be paid to spacing.
Ⅵ. Braille's consonants
1 point Braille consonant
In the case of 1-dot Braille, each dot is determined as a consonant, vowel, or final consonant depending on the position where it is used, such as the initial consonant, medial vowel, or final consonant, so there is no confusion even if the same dot is used repeatedly to create letters.
2. Learn about overlapping
[Example 6] Use of overlapping 6-dot Braille

[Example 7] Utilization of 1-point Braille overlapping

Ⅶ. Abbreviations and abbreviations
1. Abbreviations and abbreviations of 1-dot Braille
The expression of 1-dot Braille itself is as simple as the abbreviation or acronym of 6-dot Braille, so there is no need for abbreviations or acronyms. However, for visually impaired people who have difficulty writing or reading, there is no reason to avoid abbreviations such as abbreviations or telegram abbreviations that have a great effect in reducing sentences or shortening sentences.
2. Examples of 1-dot Braille abbreviations
[Example 8] If the abbreviations used in 6-dot Braille are to be used in 1-dot Braille as well,

In 1-dot Braille, the abbreviated word is promised to be imagined as a group of the first and last consonants of the shortened word, such as geuseo, geuna, geumyeon, geuro, geude, gego, and geureo. 6-dot Braille avoids complex notation and uses abbreviations, but it has the effect of shortening, but it also has the burden of learning new words.
Ⅷ. Roman letters and numbers
1. 1-dot Braille in Roman letters
If you promise the Roman letters as numbers from 1 to 26, the number of dots will be reduced to 1/6, so the alphabet order will be naturally memorized, and its usability will also be effective.
[Example 9] Alphabet 1-dot Braille is a Braille that expresses up to 26 by grouping the tens and ones in order.

2. 1-point Braille number notation
[Example 10] Number representation in 6-dot Braille Roman letters

[Example 11] Roman numeral representation in 1-dot Braille

Ⅸ. Punctuation and other
1, 1 dot Braille symbol
[Example 12] 1-dot Braille special characters are expressed as follows.

※ Feeling(!), addition(+), multiplication(×), and equal(=) are agreed upon as 'neu, deu, go, i', and the following symbols(?, -, χ) are memorized as 'gi, la, meu' by switching the front and back of the preceding dots. Quotation marks, small, medium, and square brackets are used as '*'.
[Example 13] Example of using the consecutive a, b, c, d, and d problems horizontally

2. Comprehensive summary of 1-point Braille
[View 14] Summary of Comprehensive Evaluation

3. National anthem expressed in numbers and 1-dot Braille
[View 15] National Anthem Verse 1

Ⅹ . Conclusion
This 1-dot Braille not only has the effect of being 1/6 the size of the 6-dot Braille currently in use, but also avoids the redundant promises of the 6-dot Braille. Reducing the number of dots not only saves time, materials, and labor, but also increases the accuracy of detection ability.
It also has the effect of widely publicizing to the world the excellence of Hangul, which can be perfectly expressed with just one dot or ten numbers. Since Hangul can be solved with just 12 dots, the era of portable Braille, such as small typewriters and stamps, will open.

Description

one-point braille {a one-point braille}

Language (Braille language)

The goal is to reduce the difficulties associated with using 6-dot Braille to 1-dot Braille, thereby making life more convenient.

The current 6-dot Braille system cannot avoid duplication in guaranteeing Korean consonants, vowels, final consonants, numbers, and symbols with only 64 different dot arrangements.

The challenge is to find a way to reduce the number of points and avoid duplication of promises.

The 6-dot Korean Braille, which is a one-point Korean alphabet, is reduced to 1-dot Braille to express Korean in a systematic, organized, and rational way without duplication.

Reducing the number of dots in the current 6-dot Braille system to 1 not only has material, time, and economic benefits, but also increases the accuracy of tactile sensation.

[Figure 1] Relationship between the 12 basic dot models used in 1-dot Braille and the numbers
[Figure 2] Comparison of object composition between 6-dot Braille and 1-dot Braille
[Figure 3] No new drawing is needed because only 12 vowel letters of type B that are symmetrical to type A need to be created.

Considering that visually impaired people have to read by feeling with their fingertips, it was composed based on the three heaven, earth, and man (●, ■, ◆) and their six variations ( ○, □, ◇, , ▣, ◈) and ★.

Based on the experience of being able to express Hangul with 10 numbers, the idea was to utilize the concentration of visually impaired people to distinguish between 10 different shapes of dots, and this made it possible to perfectly express Hangul, which has the widest range of expressions in the world, with only 12 dots.

Create a code within two points that take into account the similarity of codes used by the general public.

Claims (1)

Copyright of 1-dot Braille
The invention of the 1-dot Braille system was intended to make life more convenient for the visually impaired, and it is hoped that the visually impaired in all countries will also be able to benefit from the 1-dot Braille system.