KR900005294B1 - Method for polarizing light rays and apparatus thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Method for polarizing light rays and apparatus thereof

1A is a schematic device diagram of a reflector of the present invention for carrying out the method of the present invention.

1B is a side view of the FIG. 1A device.

FIG. 2a is another illustration of the apparatus according to FIG. 1a with focus lenses co-designated with reflectors for sensing diffuse incident light rays.

Figure 2b is a side view of the device of Figure 2a.

3A is a schematic diagram of a reflector carrier according to the present invention in which a reflector for polarizing light rays incident from two substantially spatial directions is provided.

3b is another illustration of the device of FIG. 3a.

4A is an illustration of a preferred apparatus for performing the light polarization method according to the present invention, comprising a lens carrier and a reflector carrier for sensing light rays incident from substantially three spatial directions.

4b is a partial cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 4a.

5A is another illustration of the device of the present invention for polarizing a light beam that is not received substantially from a particular spatial direction.

Figure 5a is a side view of the device of Figure 5a.

6A is another illustration of a preferred optical device according to the present invention.

Figure 6b is a side view of the device of Figure 6a.

7 is a result obtained in combination with a receiver of an infrared detector such as the wide-angle focal length adjusting optical device of the present invention, for example the device ELTEC thermoelectric sensor of FIG.

8 is an exemplary application of the optical device of the present invention indoors, and a simplified illustration showing the reason that the interior light is adjusted by infrared rays while a person stays indoors.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

E ₁ , E ₂ : plane HR ₁ , HR ₂ : semi-infinite space

Q: Quadrant N: Repair

The present invention relates to an area of a second plane that subdivides the light rays incident from two semi-infinite spaces subdivided by the first plane into quadrant spaces, specifically the interior of the first plane and the top of the second plane. A method and apparatus for polarizing light on an area lying around a perimeter of an existing waterline.

Photoelectric transducers, such as the thermoelectric sensor model 408 of ELTE Instr. Inc., are known to have relatively narrow angle reception sensitivity characteristics. The sensitive portion protruding around the core of such a device exhibits maximum sensitivity within this central axis, which initially drops relatively slowly as the angular magnitude increases with respect to the axis, then becomes significant when the angle is above about 45 °. Falls. For example, in order to use a detector such as an ear detector or an ultraviolet detector for lighting of an interior light of a security device or an interior lighting, it is necessary to detect a wide range of ultraviolet rays emitted from an ultraviolet emitting light source such as a human body. If you install such an ultraviolet detector on a wall, for example, to allow a person to turn on the interior light without first looking for a manual switch in the dark when the person enters the room, the detector may be exposed to remote radiation Since it is possible to receive light rays, it is evident that when installed at right angles to the wall, light rays from 90 ° or more with respect to the central axis thereof can be received. This use does not match the reception sensitivity of the previous detector. This is because conventional detectors have the drawback that their detectable angle range is relatively narrow. In addition to the use of such a detector as a switching element, the use of such a detector has also been found to keep the indoor light on if a person stays in the room for as long as possible. Such a detector could also be used if it is necessary to monitor a wide range of light rays from a single light source at a great distance.

Taking into account the shortcomings and characteristics of such conventional optical sensors, various methods have been proposed for polarizing the received light to be monitored into the receiving band of the finally sensitive sensor by using a hollow reflector and multiple reflection method. While the multiple reflection method has the drawback of greatly losing the radiant energy of the light to be monitored, the arrangement and fabrication of the hollow reflector is more expensive than the multiple reflection method. Further, according to these known methods, the light rays received at an angle of up to 90 ° with respect to the central axis of the maximum sensitivity of the reception band cannot be polarized enough to enter the narrow angle of the high sensitivity reception band. In particular, rays received at a wide range of angles should be detected without loss, with as high sensitivity as possible. The reason for this is that the sensitivity to light is because it defines the maximum sensing distance of the detector, for example when it is mounted on top of the room.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method that can solve the above-described drawbacks of the prior art by polarizing light rays received at a very wide angle with respect to a sensitive central axis at the smallest possible angle with respect to the central axis. . This purpose is to use a single reflecting means to at least partially reflect the light rays incident from another half space in one half space so that the angular range of the rays relative to the waterline after the reflection is substantially in relation to the waterline before reflection. It is achieved by the method of the invention to be smaller than the angular range of the light beam.

The present invention is virtually capable of reflecting light incident at a small angle with respect to a plane with a reflector, or even reflecting light incident at a small angle with respect to the waterline of the plane with a reflector even when the planes are parallel to each other back and forth. It comes from the idea that it is virtually possible. This idea applies to the light beams incident on each of the semi-infinite spaces described above, so that the light rays coming out of the two semi-infinite spaces effectively cross-reflect toward the plane band that lies between the planes that cut the full space into two semi-infinite spaces. Will be raised. This method can be used to monitor a large number of beams incident at a greater angle to the center of the detector with a single detector by monitoring the radiation-breakers with narrow beams already emitted from radiation sources such as radiation extruders. Therefore, the cost of radiation-blocker equipment is reduced, while the method of adjusting the focus of the rays in each semi-infinite space before the single reflection occurs when the rays are diffused and added. The focus adjustment accordingly is realized by at least one main axis of light which does not intersect the repair line in each semi-infinite space.

In order to make the sensitivity distribution as flat as possible over the angular range of the rays to be monitored, the rays incident from each half space are focused using several principal axes within each half space. Single reflection is performed with focus-beam specific reflection by the reflector element. The focusing position of the reflector element with respect to the main light side is incident at an extremely flat angle by allowing the main optical axes whose position is large in angle with respect to the repair line to be above the reflector elements having a small angle in relation to the repair line in the second plane. Since the resulting rays are polarized at the smallest angle with respect to the waterline, the sensitivity to angles at the interface of the semi-infinite space above the second plane is particularly high, thus the sensing distance corresponding to the maximum sensitivity of the sensor sensitive region. There is a possibility that can be inspected at substantially the angle of the die.

It has been found that a sufficient sensitivity distribution is made in the entire semi-infinite space above the second plane when focusing the rays such that the focusing chief axis is projected onto at least a second plane parallel to each other. This recognition was the basis for the relatively simple and inexpensive construction of the lens and reflector.

The center of the detector sensitive portion, which is inherently high sensitive, also exhibits high sensitivity for the light incident at a flat angle obtained by focusing on the center without reflecting light incident at a smaller angle to the waterline. The optical conditions lie within each semi-infinite space, and thus the principal optical axes in both semi-infinite spaces are two in each semi-infinite space, at least in close proximity to each third plane perpendicular to the second plane. This can be further simplified by allowing the third planes of to be arranged parallel to each other and symmetrically with respect to the waterline. Another object of the method is to use it to reverse the path of the light beam, for use in the emission of the light beam.

The optical device according to the present invention is a device for polarizing an incident light beam from two quadrants belonging to the same semi-infinite space and isolated over the second plane band by the first plane. In this device, the second plane zone lies around the base of the waterline on the second plane, defining both quadrants, which waterline is located within the first plane. The apparatus consists of two or more reflectors that are at least partially inclined with respect to the repair line, which reflectors are located on both sides of the repair line at least in part within the quadrant.

If these two reflectors are planar mirrors, their construction is extremely inexpensive and simple. This configuration is particularly suitable for monitoring light rays incident in a specific spatial direction.

Symmetric optical conditions for semi-infinite space are achieved when the two reflectors intersect the second plane on at least a nearly parallel straight line. In particular, in the case where two spatial directions are to be monitored and the incident light rays are to be diffused rather than narrowly incident, two reflectors are installed and one focus lens is jointly installed in each reflector. These lenses are arranged so that they lie in a right angle or staggered relationship without intersecting their principal optical axis and waterline. The arrangement of the optical axis and the waterline is at right angles, or an angle array of 90 ° or more is selected if the spatial direction to be monitored includes an angle of 90 ° or its relative to the waterline. These reflectors must first pass through a reflector equipped for the reflection of light incident from another semi-infinite space before being reflected by the light incident from one semi-infinite space. There is a possibility of crossing unnecessarily or intersecting with the beam of the lens which is not jointly installed here. To rule out this possibility, the reflector element bands administered in the beams of the lenses that are not co-installed should be cut off, or the reflectors not being substantially larger than the cross-phase of the beams generated in these lenses should be selected. In the former case, the reflecting power in the other semi-infinite space that intersects the beam toward the reflector in one semi-infinite space, does not contain any part of the beam and allows the beam to pass through without blocking. It is cut along.

On the other hand, it is also possible to select only reflector bands as large as the size required by a given beam, ie the beam reflected by the associated reflector.

By installing a third focusing lens whose main optical axis lies near the waterline, in addition to the two spatial directions monitored by the installed reflector, a third spatial direction along the direction of the central axis can also be monitored, thus allowing the third The beam generated by the lens of the lens can go straight above the band passing between the two reflectors without being reflected.

These reflecting mirrors may be formed integrally with the carrier on the repairing carrier. Moreover, the conveyer constitutes a means for inserting a detector element or an emitter element, the center portion of which is that of a photoelectric converter, so that an accurate three-dimensional relationship is established between these transducers and the reflector.

By providing at least an almost arced lens carrier with three lenses arranged along the periphery, the principal axis of the two axial lenses is preferably symmetrically positioned with respect to the principal axis of the third lens. It is oriented in the radial direction, and by providing the positioning and fixing means of the reflector carrier, it is simple to realize that an extremely accurate three-dimensional relationship is established between the lens and the lens, between the reflector and the reflector, and between the transducer and the transducer.

Not only does the purpose of using the device of the present invention not only to monitor a particular spatial direction, but also to at least continuously monitor the entire semi-infinite space on the second plane as much as possible, In order to monitor as continuously as possible, two or more focal lenses are provided in each semi-infinite space isolated by the first plane, and reflectors are intersected in each semi-infinite space, preferably on the same side of the second plane. The curve is configured to be concave or curved concave in the water direction (when intersected by another plane containing the water line) so that when all the light beams are incident or diffusely incident in a narrow beam, the corresponding specified relative to the particular direction of the incident light Since the reflective surface of the lens is formed, it is inevitable to provide a focus lens for a specific beam. Considering the fact that the reflected beams damage the reflecting band as far as possible from one point of baseline discontinuity of the repair, each reflecting band has a second plane and a repair projection of the main optical axis of the lens given to the reflecting band of this second plane. And the teaching surface form a plane twisted with each other. Such a plane is suitable if the emitted light beam has already been received and thus no need to focus further with the lens. Instead of the three-dimensional relationship between the main optical axis and the reflector band, the same conditions must be met for the received beam and reflector band.

A relatively simple and accurate arrangement of the main optical axis of the reflecting band and the focus adjustment beam or of the received narrow beam is achieved by providing two or more separate and even planar reflecting bands in each reflector element. In order to reflect light rays incident at a wide angle to the waterline to reach their base at a relatively small angle within each semi-infinite space, the light rays of the principal axis including a large angle to the waterline should be small angled to the waterline. To directly attempt to increase the receiver sensitivity of the transducer or detector around the axis of its central receiver, add one or more focus lenses, so that the primary optical axis of the lens does not cause reflections. Allow the ray to travel straight to the base of the waterline around the reflection band. By the additional provision of such a focus lens the beam goes straight to the base of the repair without being simply reflected. The optical device of the present invention is well suited for use with passive infrared detectors such as the thermoelectric sensors described above. Therefore, the apparatus of the present invention can be constituted by a photoelectric converter having its light receiving band in the second plane, so that the electrical output signal of the converter can be connected with the control unit of the room lamp.

Aha, the method and apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail according to the accompanying drawings.

1A and 1B, the first plane E ₁ complete space is divided into two half-infinite spaces HR ₁ and HR ₂ . The second plane E ₂ is divided into half-infinite spaces HR ₁ and HR ₂ . The second plane E ₂ subdivides the semi-infinite spaces HR ₁ and HR ₂ into each quadrant Q ₁₁ to Q ₂₂ . The repair line N for the second plane E ₂ is determined within the first plane E ₁ . Semi-infinite space HR ₁ and beams are each generated in the HR ₂ S ₁ and S ₂ in particular, according to claim 1b also light beams respectively incident on the relatively large angles Ψ ₁ and Ψ ₂ with respect to the perpendicular N is the perpendicular N to the after-polarized With respect to the smaller angles β ₁ and β ₂ with respect to the polarization, the polarization is caused in such a manner as to go straight to the area F of the second plane E ₂ . In order to achieve this object, one of the semi-infinite space rays from HR ₁ S ₁ or the light coming from the semi-infinite space HR ₂ S ₂ causes the polarization to each of one-time reflection on the mirror elements 1 and 2, the base of the perpendicular N It causes the reflection in the direction of the second plane E _{2 in} the band F of the second plane E ₂ around P.

Reflector element of light S ₁ from the semi-infinite space, HR _{2 2} is at least partially semi-infinite space located within the HR _2, light from a semi-infinite space, HR ₂ S ₂ uiban use reflector element 1 is at least partially semi-infinite space Located in HR ₁ Reflector elements 1 and 2 are located in second plane E ₂ as shown. As can be seen in FIG. 1A, the reflector elements 1 and 2, shown in dashed lines, can extend at least partially into other semi-infinite spaces. Thus, the reflecting mirror element 1 is semi-infinite space in HR _2, and the reflecting mirror element 2 can be extended in HR ₁ semi-infinite space. These reflector elements must reflect the light beam so that the repair line N having the band F around the base P of the beam is located between the reflector elements. The reflector elements are preferably positioned symmetrically with respect to the repair line N. Such axisymmetric installations of reflector elements 1 and 2 are preferred in all cases, but it is clear that installations other than such symmetrical installations are possible as long as reflection of incident light on the band F around the base P is achieved. On the plane E ₂ , the reflector elements 1 and 2 are selected according to the disposition, their inclination with respect to the waterline N, etc. according to the direction of incidence of the rays S ₁ and S ₂ to be processed, the position and width of the band F, and the known optical law.

1A and 1B, despite the fact that the reflector elements 1 and 2 are planar mirrors, it is possible to use concave reflector elements as indicated by the dashed-dotted line 1a. According to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the condenser lens 3 in the quadrant space Q ₁₁ cooperates with the reflector element 1, and the condenser lens 5 in the quadrant space Q ₂₁ cooperates with the reflector element 2. The optical axis H ₃ of the lens ₃ and the optical axis H ₅ of the lens 5 are at a twisted position with respect to the waterline N or at a right angle with respect to the waterline N, and provide parallel projection lines on a plane E ₂ which is symmetrical with respect to the waterline N or its base P. do. The conical beam K ₃ of lens 3 reflects off reflector element 1 to form a reflecting beam K _{3 '} which goes straight to the base P of waterline N on plane E ₂ , and similarly the beam K ₅ of lens ₅ on reflector element 2 Reflected to form reflective beam K _{5 '} . As can be seen from these figures. At a constant opening angle of the beams, each reflector element 2 or 1 does not cooperate with each of these cone-shaped beams K ₃ or K ₅ , but intersects with these beams so that a portion of the beam goes straight to the reflector element 1 or 2. It prevents you from doing so. In this case, for example, it can be said that the beam K ₃ intersects in the band 7 by the reflector element 2 and the beam K ₅ intersects in the band 9 by the reflector element 1. In order to prevent this, the reflector elements 1 and / or 2 are each formed in close proximity to the intersection line formed by its plane and the beam accordingly. As can be seen in FIG. 2B, the reflector element 1 is cut along the line ES ₁ , which is an intersection line, so that the region 9 does not block the path of the beam K ₅ . Each of the forming technique of the reflecting mirror element this can be achieved by a harmful loss of the reflected beam, such as a given K ₃ K _{3 'element} in particular in the cavity 1 in which it does not. In addition or in spite of the formation of such reflector elements, each reflector is formed by the complete plane of the beam projected onto it, i.e. by beam K _{5 for} element 2 or K _{3 '} of beam K ₃ for K _5' element 1. It can be as large as necessary to contain the cotton.

3a shows a first embodiment of an engineering device consisting of carrier 11. The carrier 11 has a center hole 13 for inserting a detector element or an emitter element, such as a photoelectric conversion element. The upper surface 15 of the carrier body 11 constitutes the plane E ₂ shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Inclined demands 17a and 17b for positioning and fixing are provided in the upper side surface 15, so that the reflecting mirror elements 1 and 2 can be appropriately positioned at a predetermined inclination with respect to the waterline N.

The carrier 11 in which the reflector elements 1 and 2 are fixed in the inclined requests 17a and 17b is preferably made of a plastic material. As indicated by the dotted lines, the reflector elements 1 and 2 and the carrier 11 can be fabricated integrally, thus reflecting planes by appropriately cutting the center portion 19 in the material block provided with the center hole 13 for the sensor element or the emitter element. Is formed. If a metal reflecting layer is provided on this entire carrier or at different sites thereof, this reflecting layer can be preferably used as an electric screen for the sensor element or the emitter element.

As can be seen from FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, the upper edge portions 21 of the reflector elements 1 and 2 are inclined in the direction of each other, and as described by FIG. 2B, they do not block the beams given to each of them.

As shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, the carrier body 11 is inserted in the hole 23 for positioning and fixing of the support part 25 of the lens holder 27. As shown in FIG. In addition to the side lenses 3 and 5, a third central lens 29 is provided. Its optical axis H ₂₉ is located at least substantially in the waterline N of the upper surface 15 of the carrier 11. Since the two reflector elements 1 and 2 surround the center space opened in the direction of the perpendicular line N, it is possible to monitor the light rays coming from the third direction by the third converging lens 29. Lenses 5,29 and 3 are preferably rectangular. As can be seen in FIG. 4A, the optical axes H ₅ and H ₃ of lenses 5 and 3 are located symmetrically with respect to the waterline N. In the plane of FIG. 4B, three lenses form an arc by axis 31 in FIG. 4A. These lenses are fixed to both sides of the upstanding wall 33 and the connecting bar 35.

Lens retainer 27, conveyer 11 and lenses 5, 29 and 3 are preferably made of plastic material.

Using the polarization method and the optical device of the present invention described above, the light rays emitted from three spatial directions at least in close proximity within one plane, two of which have angles of up to 180 ° and sometimes more than one another It is possible to obtain a compact apparatus with a simple structure that can monitor the This is because light rays incident at a large angle with respect to any plane repair are reflected at a small angle with respect to the repair in the plane band in which the detector element or emitter element is fitted, so that the reception or emission characteristic of the device is only at maximum sensitivity around its axis. It is achieved by the feature of having.

Figure 5a shows another embodiment of the invention according to the principle of figure 1. The first plane E ₁ again constitutes half an infinite space HR ₁ and HR ₂ . A second plane E ₂ perpendicular to plane E ₁ subdivides the semi-infinite space into quadrant spaces Q ₁₁ and Q ₁₂ and Q ₂₁ and Q ₂₂ , respectively. The repair line N of the second plane E ₂ lies in the plane E ₁ again. Converging lenses L in the quadrant spaces Q ₂₁ , Q ₁₁ on one side of the semi-infinite spaces HR ₁ and HR ₂ and the second plane E ₂ , for example, lenses L ₁₁ to L ₁₄ in the semi-infinite spaces HR ₁ , and The semi-infinite space HR _{2 is} equipped with lenses L ₂₁ to L ₂₄ . Since the principal optical axes H ₁₁ to H ₁₄ of the lenses L ₁₁ to L ₁₄ in the semi-infinite space HR ₁ are located in the projection surface EP ₁ perpendicular to the plane E ₂ , the principal optical axes H ₂₁ to H ₂₄ are located in the projection surface EP ₂ , The projection surfaces EP ₁ , EP ₂ are also perpendicular to the first plane E ₁ . Other arrangements of the main optical axes L ₂₁ to L ₂₄ of the lenses L ₁₁ to L ₁₄ are possible, and also different numbers of lenses can be installed in half-spaces HR ₁ and HR ₂ . Similar to FIGS. 1A and 1B, the first reflector element SP ₁ for reflecting the light beam focused by the lenses L ₂₁ to L _{24 once} in the semi-infinite space HR ₂ in the second plane E ₂ direction is semi-infinite. is provided in the area HR _1, similarly semi-infinite space HR lens L ₁₁ to the second mirror element SP ₂ a semi-infinite space for reflecting once the rays coming from the focal adjustment semi-infinite space HR ₁ by L ₁₄ in ₁ HR ₂ is provided. Since each reflector element SP ₁ and SP ₂ are curved or curved concave along the discontinuous line in the direction of the waterline N, each element SP ₁ and SP ₂ is a flat corresponding to each lens L _21- L ₂₄ and L _11- L ₁₄ , respectively. Reflection bands SF _11- SF ₁₄ and SF _21- SF ₂₄ . As already described, the reflection band SF is preferably formed by smooth surfaces curved in the direction of each other and in the direction of the waterline N. The plane formed by these reflective surfaces intersects the plane E ₂ on straight lines G ₁ , G ₂ , G ₃ which are in a twisting relationship with each other as shown.

As indicated by the dotted lines in FIG. 5B, the reflector elements may be constituted by the reflection bands of the elements, as indicated by 50. Rays incident at a greater angle ζ relative to the waterline, for example at an angle greater than 90 °, for example, focused by lens L ₂₀ , reach the reflector band SF ₂₁ of reflector element SP ₁ , whereby The reflector band has a line N ₂ according to FIG. 5b, which has a smaller angle β with respect to the line N as compared to the line N ₂ (not shown) of the other reflector bands SF ₂₂ SF ₂₃ SF ₂₄ . Therefore, the light-lens lenses incident at a larger angle with respect to the repair line N are set to reflector bands whose repair line N ₂ has a smaller angle with respect to the repair line N. This is also valid for the space in any direction of the semi-infinite space HR ₁ or HR ₂ and the light rays from the lens L and reflector bands that they set. As shown by the dotted lines in FIG. 5B, the light rays incident at an angle of 90 ° or more with respect to the waterline N are initially focused by the lens L ₂₀ , and then these light beams are in the band F direction at a small angle with respect to the waterline N. It is also possible to reflect the beam of the refocused lens L ₂₀ by reflecting reflector bands (not shown). With respect to the projection planes EP ₁ , EP ₂ of the lens optical axes H ₂₁ to H ₂₄ , the reflection line SP ₁ has an intersection line of the plane E _SF (figure 5) defined by the reflection area so that the intersection line of the projection plane EP ₂ and the second plane E _It is inclined enough to cross ₂ in a twisted state. Therefore, the converging points of the light beams reflected by the corresponding reflector elements SP ₁ , SP ₂ are reached above the point symmetrical band around the base P of the waterline N on the second plane E ₂ .

As shown in FIG. 5A, at least one condenser lens L ₀ is further provided. Its main optical axis H ₀ comes at a position close to the waterline N. These several additional lenses are preferably installed so that they directly contact the second plane E ₂ in the band F around the base P of the waterline N without reflecting their corresponding beam axes on the beam. As shown, the reflector element SP ₂ does not block the path of the light rays incident in the half-infinite space HR ₂ in which it is installed, and neither does the reflector element SP ₁ interfere with the passage of the light rays incident in the half-infinity space HR ₁ . In some cases, as already described with respect to FIGS. 2a and 2b, for example, if the most rigid arrangement is required or if different lenses are selected, the path of the light rays coming out of the semi-infinite space HR ₂ will reflect the reflector element SP _2. It is easy to be blocked by, and the path of the light rays emitted from the semi-infinite space HR ₁ is easily blocked by the reflector element SP ₁ . This is represented by dashed beam 54 in FIG. 5A as an example. If this occurs, the path of the corresponding light beam is interrupted by the unspecified reflector elements, _shown as reflector element SP ₂ at point 56. Corresponding reflector elements are thus formed along at least nearly the intersection of the light paths of these elements. That is, the reflector elements are cut along the image of the light beam incident from the hemispherical space in which these elements are aligned.

6A and 6B show another example of the optical device according to the present invention. A plurality of arc-shaped lenses 60 _a and 60 _b are attached to the lens support 58. These lenses are preferably rectangular plastic lenses. The main optical axis of the lens 60 _a reflected by the beam reflector element 62 is located on both axes of the arc axis A inside the plane E _a as shown in FIG. 6A. On the other hand, the main optical axis of the lens 60 _{b in which} the beam is not reflected in the plane E ₂ direction and goes straight lies in one plane E _b symmetrically arranged between the two planes E _a . The center of the plane E _b and lens support 58 has a structure in which a detector / reflector carrier 64 can be inserted into the support 58. The detector / reflector conveyer 64 is a thermoelectric device of Model 408, manufactured by El Tech, Inc. of the United States. A central hole 66 is provided for inserting a detector 68 such as an infrared detector such as a detector. The reflector element 62 is installed in the detector / reflector carrier 64 whose reflecting band is concavely curved or curved in the direction N. Since the exact geometric position of the reflector element 62, ie the emitting device, relative to the repair N or center of the detector 68 is of particular importance, it is preferable to mount the detector 68 and reflector element 62 on the carrier 64 as shown. The lens support 58 is preferably made of a plastic material similar to the reflector element 62 and the detector / reflector carrier 64, and the latter may be integrally made of a plastic material.

7 shows the reception characteristics 70 of the passive infrared photoelectric device. As will be appreciated, the sensitivity of the detector is maximum with respect to the incoming ray in the direction coinciding with the direction of the central axis N, in other words the angle to that axis is zero. This maximum sensitivity can be defined, for example, in OdB. Increasing the angle ζ of the incident light with respect to the central axis N, in particular, when the angle ζ reaches 45 ° or more, the sensitivity of the sensor is significantly reduced. The curve 72 is realized by the detector showing the reception characteristic according to the characteristic curve 70, but shows the sensitivity obtained by providing the wide-angle focusing lens of the present invention described above. The minimum sensitivity for the detector's maximum sensitivity to OdB over 90 ° or below the ζ angle is –3dB less than the maximum sensitivity at an angle of about ζ≡45 °. The boundary of the angular band has only about -1 dB of attenuation at about ζ≡90 °. This clearly shows that the use of the method and apparatus of the present invention yields extremely good results for monitoring the entire room even with a single detector having relatively narrow angular sensitivity characteristics. Thus, for example, since the indoor light can be controlled by such a device, the lighting state is maintained while the person stays in the room. Furthermore, it should be pointed out that the sensor device described above generally does not respond to static values of infrared intensity, but rather that the infrared radiation source originates across the optical axis in a room monitored by such a detector. Is triggered by a sudden change.

As shown in FIG. 8, due to the explicit designation of the lens and reflector band of the device 74 described above, the radiation source (person) is monitored by the lens beside it, leaving the space band X assigned to one lens. Such dynamic detection is still possible even if it moves slightly by Δ in the band Y. This will generate an electrical output pulse P at the photovoltaic device and output as in the passive infrared winding 68.

These series of impulses are evaluated by the triggerable monoflop device 76 again, such as information on whether a person is still present in the area monitored by the device of the present invention. If a predetermined time period of the impulse P does not show any impulse for the length ζ, the lamp 78 in the room is disturbed. In other words, a relatively dense form of optical axis OA is monitored throughout the room up to 90 ° with respect to the central axis N of the device, and whether a person staying in the room enters or exits the monitored optical axis OA. The sensor output impulse P is generated by △ during normal movement.

Claims (37)

A second plane region that subdivides the light beams incident from two semi-infinite spaces divided by the first plane into quadrant spaces, specifically the interior of the first plane and the top of the second plane In a method of polarizing on an area subject to the base attention, the angle range of the incident light beams to the waterline after reflection of the light beams incident from at least some other quadrant from the other quadrant by a single (single) reflecting means is half. A method of polarizing light rays, characterized in that they are reflected such that they are substantially smaller than the angular range of incident light with respect to a prior repair. The method of claim 1, wherein the beams are focused in each quadrant before the single (single) reflection occurs, wherein the focusing is performed by at least one principal axis that does not intersect the waterline within each quadrant. How it is characterized. The method according to claim 1, wherein the light incident from each quadrant is adjusted by several main optical axes in each quadrant, and the single (once) reflection is performed by focus-beam specific reflection by the reflector element. Characteristic method. The direction of the principal optical axis and the position of the reflector element are selected so that the direction of the principal optical axis having a greater angle with respect to the repair line goes straight onto the reflector element, and the repair of the reflector element is relative to the repair of the second plane. A method characterized by enclosing at smaller angles. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the image of the light beam on the second plane focuses the light beam at the principal optical axis at least approximately parallel. 6. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by adjusting the focus of the incident light surrounding the smaller angle by means of repair, and the incident light going straight over the second plane band without reflecting. 4. The third plane of claim 3, wherein the chief optical axes in each quadrant lie in close proximity within each third plane in each quadrant, the third plane being a repair to the second plane. Characterized in that they are parallel to each other and symmetrically aligned with respect to the repair. The method according to claim 1, wherein the path of the light rays is reversed during the light emission operation. A second plane region that subdivides the light beams incident from two semi-infinite spaces divided by the first plane into quadrant spaces, specifically the interior of the first plane and the top of the second plane A light polarizing device for polarizing on an area around a base, comprising: two or more reflectors that are at least partially inclined with respect to the repaired line of the first plane, the two reflectors at least in the quadrant of the repair A polarizing device for light rays, characterized in being located at both sides. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the reflectors are planar mirrors. 11. The optical device of claim 10, wherein the plane of the reflector is at least close and intersects the second plane in a straight line that is parallel. 10. The device of claim 9, wherein two reflectors are included and one tactile lens is cavities imparted to each reflector. 13. An apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the chief axis of the lens is in a quadrangle or is in a torsional relationship with respect to the waterline and the waterline is located between the chief axis of light. 13. The image of claim 12, wherein the image of the principal optical axis of the lens on the second plane and the intersection of the second plane and the reflector plane are symmetrically preferably parallelogram-shaped about the base around the base of the waterline on the second plane. Device characterized by forming. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the band of the reflector element projected in the beam of the lens that is not jointly imparted is selected such that it is cut out, or is not substantially larger than the cross image of the beam emanating from the lens given the reflector band. Device. 13. A device according to claim 12, wherein a third focusing lens is included, the principal axis of light being at least close to the waterline. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the reflector is mounted on a repairing carrier. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the reflector and the carrier are integrally configured. 18. A device according to claim 17, wherein the carrier comprises an insertion means such as a photoelectric converter of the sensor element or the emitter element in the center band of which the carrier is repaired. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, comprising at least an almost arced lens carrier having three lenses around, whereby the chief optical axes of the two lenses are arranged in the axial direction of the arc but symmetric to the chief optical axis of the third lens and the Apparatus characterized in that they are arranged to face at least almost radially to the arc. 18. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the lens carrier comprises support means having a carrier positioner and a support with a reflector disposed thereon. 10. The device of claim 9, comprising at least two focusing lenses in each semi-infinite space separated by the first plane, and one reflector element in each semi-infinite space at the same location in the second plane, The reflector elements are concave or curved in the direction of the repair when their intersection curves are crossed by another plane containing the waterline or when the point adjustment lens is installed for a particular beam of the lens so that the specified direction of incident light Apparatus characterized in that it is configured to form a reflection band specifically assigned to the. 23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein each reflection band forms a plane that is an intersection with the second plane, and the principal optical axes of the lenses imparted to the reflection band of the second plane are in a torsional relationship with each other. 23. The apparatus according to claim 22, wherein the principal optical axis of the lens in each semi-infinite space is located in the same projection plane on the second plane, and the projection planes in both semi-infinite spaces are parallel to each other and symmetric to the waterline. 23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein each reflector element includes two planes that are curved relative to each other, i.e. a reflection band. 23. The apparatus according to claim 22, wherein in each semi-infinite space the chief axes having a greater angle with respect to the waterline go straight above the reflection band having a smaller angle with respect to the waterline. 27. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the reflection bands form planes that intersect the second plane at intersection lines that are in a twisting relationship with each other. 23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the apparatus is mounted on a reflector element conventional carrier. 29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the reflector element and the carrier are integrally formed. 23. The reflector element as set forth in claim 22, wherein the reflector element intersects with the lens beam arranged in the same infinity space as the reflector element so that the reflector element is not larger than the image of intersection with the beam of the lens in the half space. Device characterized by being cut off. 23. The apparatus of claim 22, further comprising at least one focusing lens, wherein the main optical axis of the lens is directed straight into the band around the base of the waterline without being reflected. 29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the carrier has a repairing center and a means for positioning and supporting the detector or emitter, such as a photoelectric transducer. 29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the lenses are made of plastic material and arranged in arc shape. 34. The apparatus according to claim 33, wherein the lens is installed in a carrier consisting of a reflector element and a light detector or emitter position adjustment means. 23. An apparatus according to claim 9 or 22, comprising as a light receiving device a resistivity infrared detector. 36. An apparatus according to claim 9 or 35, comprising a photoelectric converter having a light receiving band in the second plane band, wherein the electrical output signal of the converter is connected to a steering device of an indoor light. 10. An apparatus according to claim 9, wherein two reflectors are provided axially symmetrically in the axial direction with respect to the waterline.

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