RU2033845C1 - Inertial air purifier - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: inertial air purifier has an input branch pipe, a louver separator, a dust-collecting chamber with a device for the dust removal, a countercurrent separator formed by the outlets of the dust-collecting chamber and the louver separator and an output branch pipe for the purified air. In order to collect the dust more effectively the outlets of the louver separator and the dust-collecting chamber are made on one level. The correlation of their heights and cross-section area is equal to 1: (0.5-1.5). The depth of the dust-collecting chamber along the axle of the louver separator makes up not less than five heights of its outlet. EFFECT: more effective dust catching. 2 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to a device for separating impurities from the air stream and can be used in grain cleaning machines for cleaning air from light impurities and dust.

 A device for separating impurities from the air stream is known, comprising a main and additional separators, a dust collecting chamber with a dust extraction device, a countercurrent separator formed by the outlet openings of the main louvre separator and the dust collecting chamber having a common wall, inlet and outlet pipes.

 The disadvantages of this device are the high energy costs associated with a multiple change in the movement of the air flow and twice cleaning the entire cleaned air volume, high metal consumption and design complexity, due to the presence of an additional separator. In addition, this device has a low degree of air purification in the counterflow separator.

 The purpose of the invention is to achieve the highest degree of air purification with minimal metal and energy consumption.

 In FIG. 1 shows an inertial air cleaner; in Fig.2 node I in Fig.1.

 The inertial air cleaner consists of an inlet pipe 1, a louvre separator formed by a louvre grille 2 and a housing 3 with an outlet 4, a dust precipitation chamber 5 with a dust output device 6, made, for example, in the form of a lock gate, and an outlet 7 formed by an adjacent wall 8 and a dividing wall 9, and an outlet pipe 10.

 The outlet openings 4 and 7 of the louvre separator and the dust collecting chamber are located at the same level and form a countercurrent separator, which is located in the dust collecting chamber.

 The air purifier operates as follows.

The air flow, dusty, for example, when cleaning a heap, enters the pipe 1 of the inertial air purifier. As you move in the louvre separator from the separator, the cleaned air passes between the plates of the louvre grille 2, and the dust particles under the action of inertia tend to maintain the original direction of movement and their main mass along with part of the air (10-20%) is directed to the outlet 4 of the louvre separator which forms a countercurrent separator with an outlet 7 of the dust collecting chamber 5. The countercurrent flow of gas suspension separator is set at ^180. When this dust particles due to inertia are deposited in the dust chamber 5 and are removed from the inertial air purifier using the device 6, and the cleaned air rushes into the outlet 7. All the cleaned air is removed through the outlet pipe 10.

The choice of the ratio of the heights h ₁ : h ₂ and the areas F ₁ : F _{2 of the} cross-sections of the outlet openings of the louvre separator and the dust collecting chamber, the depth of the dust settling chamber and the height of the outlet opening of the louver separator N _p : h ₁ affects the cleaning efficiency as follows.

In a countercurrent separator, a dust particle of mass m acts: the aerodynamic drag force of the particle in the gas stream, centrifugal force, gravity, Archimedean force and the force acting on the particle when it is in an uneven pressure field. In this case, the aerodynamic and centrifugal forces exert the greatest effect on the dust particle. The centrifugal force to a greater extent affects the cleaning efficiency. Moreover, the greater it is, the higher the cleaning efficiency. The centrifugal force is directly proportional to the square of the particle velocity V and inversely proportional to the radius r of the particle’s rotation
F ₄ = mV ² / r.

With optimal geometric parameters of the louvre separator, h ₁ (F ₁ ) has a certain value when 15-20% of the total air volume passes through the outlet. Therefore, a decrease in the ratio h ₁ : h ₂ (F ₁ : F ₂ ) below the optimal values due to an increase in h ₂ leads to an increase in the radius r of the particle’s turn and a decrease in the cleaning efficiency.

An increase in the ratio h ₁ : h ₂ above the optimum due to a decrease in h ₂ increases the resistance of the countercurrent separator and the air purifier as a whole, which leads to a decrease in the speed V and the quality of air flow cleaning.

Table 1 shows the efficiency of dust collection E _о depending on the ratio of heights and cross-sectional areas of the outlet openings of the louvre separator and dust precipitation chamber.

From the table. Figure 1 shows that both a decrease in the ratios h ₁ : h ₂ and F ₁ : F _{2 is} less than 1: 0.5, and an increase in them over 1: 1.5 leads to a decrease in the degree of purification.

Table 2 shows the efficiency Eo dust collection depending on the ratio of the depth of the dust chamber and the height of the outlet of the louvre separator with a ratio of h ₁ : h ₂ = 1.

From table 2 it follows that a decrease in the ratio of H _p : h ₁ less than 5: 1 leads to a decrease in the degree of purification due to the capture of precipitated particles from the bottom of the chamber by the air flow.

 The data indicated in Tables 1 and 2 make it possible to determine the boundaries of the optimal ratios at which the maximum degree of purification in the air cleaner is achieved, and are experimentally confirmed.

 The location of the outlet openings of the louvre separator and the dust collecting chamber at the same level makes it possible to increase the degree of cleaning in the counterflow separator by increasing the centrifugal force due to a decrease in the radius of rotation of the dust particles.

 The high degree of cleaning in the counterflow separator eliminates the need for an additional separator, which simplifies the design and reduces metal and energy consumption.

 Thus, the set of essential features: the ratio of the heights and the cross-sectional areas of the outlet openings of the louvre separator and the dust collecting chamber 1: (0.5-1.5), the ratio of the depth of the dust collecting chamber and the inlet opening of the louvered separator is at least 5: 1, the location of the outlet openings at one level it allows to achieve the maximum high degree of air purification with at the same time minimal metal and energy consumption.

Claims (1)

 An inertial air purifier comprising a housing, an inlet and an outlet, a louvre separator, a dust collecting chamber with a dust extraction device, inlet and outlet openings formed by the housing wall, an adjacent wall and a dividing wall, characterized in that the edges of the adjacent and dividing walls are located at the same level, the ratio of the distances from the wall of the housing to the edge of the adjacent wall, from the edge of the adjacent wall to the edge of the separation wall and the cross-sectional areas of the inlet and outlet openings is 1 (0.5 1.5), and the depth of the dust chamber along the axis of the louvre separator is at least 5 distances from the wall of the housing to the edge of the adjacent wall.

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