RU2303528C1 - Method for laminated fire-proof textile material production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: laminated fire-proof materials.

SUBSTANCE: method involves applying fire-retarding material on tissue web to create the first discrete layer, wherein the fire-retarding material is based on emulsified polyvinylchloride; placing the second tissue web on the first one; covering the second tissue web with the same fire-retarding material to form the second discrete layer; arranging the third tissue web on the second one and simultaneously hardening the first and the second discrete layers.

EFFECT: increased thermal protection, fire-resistance, improved protection against poisonous agents and increased labor productivity.

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Description

Technical field

The invention relates to light industry, in particular, to the production of multilayer fire-resistant textile materials with a polymer coating for personal protective equipment.

State of the art

Multilayer fire-resistant materials are widely used in the manufacture of personal protective equipment against factors of thermal damage - open flame and intense heat fluxes.

There are various methods for the production of multilayer polymeric materials - calender, alluvial, calender-bearing, portable, laminating, nano-duplicating and others (G.P. Andrianova, K.A. Polyakova, A.S. Filchikov, Yu.S. Matveev "Polymer chemistry and technology film materials and artificial leather ", part two, Moscow, Legprombytizdat, 1990, p. 180-195).

However, multilayer polymeric materials obtained by such methods, when burning rubbery substances get on them, burn out within 10-15 seconds (Handbook of artificial leather and film materials. Edited by V.A. Mikhailov and B.Ya. Kipnis, Moscow, Light and Food industry, 1982, p. 39, 46).

There is also known a fire method for producing multilayer polymeric materials on a duplicating machine “Pla-ma” (Sweden) (Yu.D. Faktorovich “Equipment for the production of artificial leather and film materials”, Moscow, Legprombytizdat, 1986, p. 137; G.P. Andrianova , K.A. Polyakova, A.S. Filchikov, Yu.S. Matveev. "Chemistry and technology of polymer film materials and artificial leather, part two, Moscow, Legprombytizdat, 1990, p. 195).

The essence of this method is to melt the moving surface of the foam rubber with an open "licking" flame of the burner and then connect the molten foam rubber to the textile base in the gap between the rollers under pressure. The distance between the flame of the burner and the surface of the foam rubber is adjusted so that a very thin layer melts. This method can be used when it is necessary to cover foam rubber with a textile base on one or both sides. The speed of movement of a continuous tape of material with the fire method up to 40 m / min.

However, the thermal protective properties and fire resistance of the multilayer material obtained in this way are insufficient.

A common disadvantage of the multilayer materials obtained by the above methods is their low hygienic properties, in particular, low air and vapor permeability, which makes clothing made from such materials uncomfortable.

Closest to the invention in technical essence is a method for producing a multilayer fire-resistant textile material described in the patent of the Russian Federation 2137607 C1, publ. 1999. According to this method, PVC plastisol is first prepared by mixing emulsion polyvinyl chloride with plasticizers, stabilizers, flame retardants and, if necessary, pigments and the subsequent maturation of the resulting paste. Then, the obtained PVC plastisol is applied to the textile web in the form of a discrete coating using perforated patterns. The elements of the discrete coating are made in the form of different in geometry, located in different combinations with each other elements, and the passage in a straight line between adjacent elements is blocked by them or other elements. Then, the resulting semi-finished product is subjected to heat treatment at 150-180 ° C for 15-3 minutes, respectively.

The disadvantages of this method are the low thermal protective properties and fire resistance of the materials obtained.

In addition, this material does not provide protection against toxic substances. All this does not allow the use of material for effective protection at the same time from a combination of damaging factors.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The inventive task was to find a method for producing a multilayer fire-resistant textile material by applying a flame retardant composition on the textile fabric based on emulsion polyvinyl chloride in the form of a discrete layer and subsequent heat curing, which would simultaneously give the material higher thermal and fire-resistant properties, as well as provide protection against toxic effects substances while maintaining high hygienic properties.

The problem is solved by the method of obtaining a multilayer fire-resistant textile material by applying a flame retardant composition based on emulsion polyvinyl chloride in the form of a discrete layer and subsequent heat curing on the textile fabric, in which a second textile fabric is applied to the flame retardant composition before being thermally cured, a discrete layer of the same flame retardant is applied to it impose a third textile fabric on it, and both discrete layers are thermally cured s.

The invention allows to obtain a multilayer fire-resistant textile material with higher thermal and fire-resistant properties, provides the ability to protect against toxic substances while maintaining high hygienic properties. Obtained by the claimed method, the material is multifunctional, as it provides protection simultaneously from a combination of damaging factors. So, in case of fire at chemical and petrochemical enterprises, several damaging factors take place simultaneously - heat stroke, exposure to chemicals aggravated by high temperatures, open flame, burning rubbery substances.

For example, the use of a carbon cloth in the middle of a multilayer material allows simultaneously with a high degree of protection against thermal effects and an open flame to provide protection against the effects of toxic substances.

Simultaneous thermal curing of both discrete layers allows to give the material higher wear resistance compared to a multilayer material, if it is produced by separate curing of the layers, since at high temperatures there is accelerated aging of the already cured discrete coating upon its subsequent entry into the heat chamber.

In addition, the claimed method provides a significant increase in labor productivity.

Information confirming the possibility

reproducing the invention

First, polyvinyl chloride plastisol is prepared by mixing emulsion polyvinyl chloride with plasticizers, stabilizers, flame retardants and other target additives and the subsequent maturation of the resulting paste.

For the preparation of polyvinyl chloride plastisol, you can use emulsion polyvinyl chloride of any grades - GOST 14039, amendment 1, 2, 3, 4.

As plasticizers for producing PVC plastisol, one can use, for example, such well-known compounds as 2-ethylhexylphthalate (dioctylphthalate) - GOST 8728-88, orthophthalic acid alkyl esters (DAP-789 and DAP-68) - GOST 8728-77E, and also phosphorus and chlorine-containing plasticizers, such as trichloroethyl phosphate (TCEP) - TU 2493-319-05763441-2000, amendment 1, annaphos - TU 2493-003-3158584-95, (di-2-ethylhexyl) phenylphosphate (DAPP) - TU 6-05-1611-78, chlorine paraffin HP-470 - TU 2493-339-05763458-2003.

As stabilizers of polyvinyl chloride, you can use, for example, calcium stearate - TU U24.1-14308351-003-2003, epoxy-resin resins ED-16, ED-20, ED-22 - GOST 10587-76, stabilizer SKS K-17 - TU 6 -09-4346-78, which is a barium-cadmium-zinc salt of synthetic fatty acids.

As flame retardants, you can use, for example, antimony trioxide - TU 48-141-88, borax - GOST 8429-77, tris- (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate - TU 6-16-3086-88, chlorine paraffin HP-1100 - TU 2493-211-05763458-97, aluminum trioxide - TU 6-09-426-70.

To provide multifunctionality, i.e. a complex of consumer and protective properties, textile materials of various fibrous composition and structure (woven and non-woven), as well as special-purpose fabrics, can be used as a textile web.

Elements of discrete layers can be either the same or different shapes and in various combinations with each other.

The resulting PVC plastisol using a perforated template is applied to a textile fabric. Then, a second textile fabric is applied directly onto the uncured discrete coating, onto which a discrete polymer coating of the same flame retardant composition is again applied, and a third textile fabric is applied to this coating.

The resulting multilayer semi-finished product is passed through duplicate rolls and fed into a heat chamber, where at a temperature of 150-170 ° C, thermosetting of the discrete polymer layers occurs, respectively, for 7-3 minutes. Cured discrete polymer layers fasten together adjacent to them textile fabric. The resulting multilayer fire-resistant textile material is fed to a winding device.

The properties of the materials made according to the invention and the prototype are shown in the table.

The properties of the materials made according to the invention and the prototype were determined identically.

Thermal protective properties of materials were determined according to the method described in RF patent 2120213, 1998.

Fire resistance was determined according to TU 8318-011-10725218-96, section 3.9.

Breathability was determined according to GOST 12088.

As can be seen from the table, the heat-shielding properties of multilayer fire-resistant textile materials are 10-15 times higher than that of the materials obtained by the prototype, and fire resistance is 4-5 times higher. In addition, the material containing the protective filtering cloth PKZF - 1 as the second layer also provides protection against the effects of toxic substances.

Table Material properties Front layer: the first canvas is cotton polyester. TKO-O fabric with PVC coating on faces. side; the second canvas - protective filtering canvas PKZF-1; third canvas - calico Front layer: the first canvas - cotton polyester fabric TKO-O; the second canvas - woolen cloth art. 1245; third flannel Prototype
TKO-O fabric with discrete PVC coating Thermal protective properties, cal / sq. cm 135 195 13 Fire resistance, s fifty 62 12 Breathability, dm ³ / m ² s 220 225 225 Note: a) TKO-O cotton polyester fabric is produced according to TU 17-02-15-285-92 b) Polymeric discrete layers in the materials obtained according to the claimed invention and the prototype, have the same composition: emulsion polyvinyl chloride - 100 parts by weight; dioctyl phthalate - 25 parts by weight; trichloroethyl phosphate - 25 parts by weight; tris- (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate - 15 parts by weight; antimony trioxide - 15 parts by weight; calcium stearate - 2 parts by weight

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining a multilayer fire-resistant textile material by applying a flame retardant composition based on emulsion polyvinyl chloride to a textile fabric in the form of a discrete layer and subsequent heat curing, characterized in that a second textile fabric is applied to the flame retardant composition before thermal curing, a discrete layer of the same flame retardant composition is applied and the flame retardant composition is applied a third textile web is applied to it, and both discrete layers are simultaneously cured.