RU2436815C2 - Polymer composite material for making electrolysis baths - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: material contains high-density polyethylene M 273-83, low-density linear polyethylene M.PE 2 NT 05-5 and low-density polyethylene ML 5313-003, calcium stearate, talc with particle size of up to 20 mcm and stabilisers such as Richnox 1010 and Richnox 168. The combination of components in defined ratios enables the polymer composite material to retain its mechanical, thermophysical, chemical and electrical insulation properties for a long period of time at operating temperature ranging from -30°C to + 90°C.

EFFECT: preserving properties of the material.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of plastics processing, in particular to the field of creating polymer composite materials (PCM) based on thermoplastic polymers. The invention can be used in the metallurgical industry for the manufacture of electrolysis baths based on thermoplastic polymers. In particular, for the manufacture of electrolysis baths for the refining of copper, zinc, cadmium and nickel.

Since polymers are highly resistant to acids, the use of plastics for the manufacture of parts and products operated in contact with acids is preferred over other structural materials.

Examples of the use of polymers for the manufacture of electrolysis baths are known (patent No. 983153, IPC5 C25D 17/02, dated 23.12.1982). According to this patent, bathtubs are made of fiberglass.

The disadvantages of the material according to this patent are the complexity of manufacturing bathtubs from fiberglass, harmful working conditions and the tendency of the baths to crack during operation.

The closest, in technical essence, solution is a bathtub made of polypropylene or polyethylene according to the application RU 94015211, MPK C25D 17/02 of 04/26/1994.

The disadvantages of polymeric materials for this application are:

- insufficient upper limit of the working temperature of polyethylene (+ 70 ° C),

- lack of strength and lack of protection against thermal degradation during the operation of products at high temperatures, as a result - a short service life of products.

The disadvantages of a polypropylene bath are: low frost resistance, low resistance to thermal oxidative degradation and low impact strength (3-4 times lower than that of polyethylene). The latter property is very important, since at low impact strength anode detachment can lead to splitting of the bottom of the bath and its failure.

Modern polymer structural materials are complex composites containing, along with the main polymer, a number of ingredients, the choice of which is determined by the operating conditions of the finished products.

The technical problem achieved by the present invention is the creation of PCM, preserving its mechanical, thermophysical, chemical and electrical insulation properties, for 10 years at an operating temperature of from -30 ° C to + 90 ° C.

The technical essence lies in the fact that the polymer composite material for the manufacture of electrolysis baths, based on a thermoplastic polymer, including calcium stearate, talc and stabilizer consists of three grades of polyethylene - high density polyethylene M 273-83, GOST 16338-85, linear low density polyethylene , M.PE 2 NT 05-5, manufactured by OJSC Kazanorgsintez, (intended for processing into high-strength film, used for packaging cold food products and manufacturing household products, density G / ^cm2 30,916-0,920; tensile yield strength, MPa, at least 10, tensile strength, MPa, a low density of less than 30) and polyethylene, M. 15313-003, GOST 16337-77.

The stabilizers used are Richnox (Richnox 1010), (tetrakis [methylene-3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane) and Richfos (Richfos 168) (Tris (2.4 -di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite) manufactured by Taiwan-based company Rich Yu Chemical Co., Ltd.

The selection of PCM components, their ratio, determination of the percentage composition of additives, to give the material new properties that are not inherent to each individual component, led to the following composition of the polymer composite material,%:

polyethylene, grade M 273-83 60 polyethylene, grade M.PE 2 NT 05-5 twenty polyethylene, grade M. 15313-003 twenty,

and in addition to the 100% polymer part, the following additives are included,%:

calcium stearate 0.2

talc with particle sizes up to 20 microns 0.5

Richnox 1010 0.3%

Richfos 168 0.3%

The selection of the quantitative composition, designated by the author as RMB Yy, is illustrated in table 1.

No. 1 Number 2 Number 3 Structure HDPE (%) thirty 80 60 PE lin (%) thirty 10 twenty LDPE (%) 40 10 twenty Tensile strength at break MN / m ² 25 48 43 Crack resistance Hour 1300 600 800 Softening point ° C 77 one hundred 95

From a comparative analysis of PKM indicators, it follows that composition No. 3 is the most optimal.

The technological process of obtaining a product from PCM is performed on standard equipment and includes three stages:

- preparation of a mixture of granular polymers with additives;

- melting, mixing, homogenizing the melt and filling the mold using an extruder;

- cooling the mold and removing the finished product.

The proposed technical solution allows to achieve the durability of PCM products with their chemical and thermal resistance, impact resistance and ability to withstand destruction for a long time.

Claims (1)

A polymer composite material for the manufacture of electrolysis baths based on a thermoplastic polymer, including calcium stearate, talc and a stabilizer, characterized in that it consists of three types of polyethylene: high density polyethylene grade - M 273-83, linear low density polyethylene grade - M.PE 2 NT 05-5 and low density polyethylene grade - M. 15313-003, and as stabilizers contains Richnox 1010 and Richfos 168, in the following ratio, wt.%:
polyethylene brand M 273-83 60 polyethylene brand M.PE 2 NT 05-5 twenty low density polyethylene twenty
and in addition to the 100% polymer part, the following additives:
calcium stearate 0.2% talc with particle sizes up to 20 microns 0.5% Richnox 1010 0.3% Richfos 168 0.3%