SU817434A1 - Dryer - Google Patents

Description

(54) DRYER

Moreover, they do not predpolate protsezdozhenki.

The purpose of the invention is to regulate the drying process belt and ensure that the material is swept in the pockets.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the bubbles are fixed on the walls of the mine by overlapping the respective pockets, and in the gap between the free horse of the canopies and the partitions rotary guides are installed, a flap is installed in the outlet of each pocket.

The drawing shows schematically the proposed dryer.

The dryer contains a rectangular axle 1 with loading and unloading devices 2-5.

Pockets b are located along the opposite walls in an order of magnitude. Pockets 6 are formed by walls aht 1, partitions 7, installed vertically, and inclined shelves 8. Each pocket has an outlet 9 at the bottom. In each 1 hole 9, a flap 10 is installed, connected to a rack and pinion mechanism 11, manually or automatically guided. Above each of the pockets b there is an arcuate visor 12, which is part of a circular obe-. seagulls. The visor 12 is installed so that the shelf 8 of the upstream pocket 6 serves as a tangent plane to its surface. Between the partition 7 and the end face of the visor 12, pivoting guides 13 are installed in the form of a spindle.

The cylindrical hinge 14 of the upper guide 13 is mounted on the end of the visor 12. Mine 1 at the location of the pockets b contains oblong windows 15 for observing the material level in the pockets when manually operating the flap 10. Windows 15 are closed with a transparent material. The boot device 2 is equipped with a valve 16, and the discharge device 5 valve 17.

During the drying of the material in the coil, the dryer works as follows. In the initial position, all the dampers are closed, and the guides 13 are installed at an angle such that the material being dried is caught.

The aerosol of the material and coolant at a speed that provides pneumatic transport of the material along the shaft from the bottom upwards is fed to the device 4. When the direction of movement of the air mixture in front of each visor 12 is changed, material is released from the air mixture and is caught by the visors 12 and guides 13 of the first and second pockets 6 (score from below). In this case, it is possible that a small amount of material will enter the upstream pockets. When filling the first pocket b opens its flap

10 and the material along the inclined shelf 8 begins to flow into the coolant flow, after which it is transported upwards. Along the path of motion, it is in the same way deposited again in the first and also in the second and third pockets of b. When the second pocket is filled .6, its flap 10 is opened and the material, flowing out of the pocket into the heat carrier flow, is transported upwards. Along the path of motion, it is deposited in the first, second and third pockets. B. When filling the third pocket b, its flap 10 opens and the material transported by the coolant enters the second, third and fourth pockets b. When the fourth pocket is filled, the flap 10 opens, and the material enters the third, fourth and fifth pockets, etc.

When the penultimate and last pockets b are filled, their flaps 10 open and the material enters the cyclone through the device 3 (not shown).

Next, the process is established and Archaetaet continuously. At the same time, when the pockets flow out, some of the dry grains fall into the overlying pocket, and some of the wetter ones fall into the underlying pocket or return again to the same pocket. Further, the grains trapped in the overlying and underlying pockets may be returned to the original pocket. Thus, the material is circulated multiple times in the pocket; accompanying periods of heating and binning.

The number of circulation cycles is calculated by the formula

where n - the number of pockets in the mine;

K - the number of hits of the grain in the same pocket,

In the steady state, the flaps 10 of each pocket 6 are open so that the amount of material flowing out of the pocket is equal to the amount of material entering the pocket. This ensures a constant level of filling of the pockets, which is controlled through the windows 15 or by an automatic device connected with the rack and pinion mechanism 11.

During the advancement of the material in the pocket, from the moment it enters the pocket by the time it leaks out of it, it settles down and the moisture manages to move from the inner layers to the surface, from where it is easily removed during regular contact with the coolant.

When the material is dried in the filter, the flaps 16 and 17 are closed.

When drying material in countercurrent mine works as follows.

In the initial position, all the chamber shutters are closed, and the guides 13 are set at an angle providing the most efficient material capture. A clean coolant is supplied through the device 4 at a rate that provides pneumatic transport of the material from the bottom up. When opening the valve 16 of the device 2 and the valve 10 of the upper pocket b, the material enters the shaft 1, where it is picked up by coolant and transported upwards. Along the way, it is caught by the visors 12 and the guides 13 of the first and second pockets b (counted from above) and precipitates into them, and part of the material passes through device 3 into a cyclone (not shown), from where it returns to loading device 2.

When the second Kaman b is filled from above, its flap 10 opens, and the material along the inclined shelf 8 enters the heat carrier flow and is transported upwards. Next, the process proceeds in the following sequence.

When filling the third pocket material falls into the second, third and fourth pockets. When the fourth pocket is filled, the material falls into the third, fourth and fifth pockets, etc.

In this way, the material is advanced in steps against the movement of the heat-transfer agent, periodically exposing itself in pockets 6.

When the penultimate pocket is filled, b-opens its flap 10 and the material enters the lower last pocket, when filled, the flap 17 opens and the dry material goes through the device 5 to the cooler. The flap 10 of the lower pocket b, when dried in countercurrent, is constantly closed, and the remaining flaps 10 are open so as to ensure a constant level of material in the pockets.

The circulation of material in the mine is the same as during the flow. The proposed dryer design allows the drying process to be organized in such a way that the circulation of material in the mine consists of multiple repetitive periods of short-term heating and prolonged binning. This makes it possible to increase the temperature of the coolant to 30–40 ° C and thereby intensify the drying process and increase its cost-effectiveness while maintaining the quality of the material.

It was established experimentally that the number of hits of grain during circulation to the same

the pocket varies from 6 to 10 times, and the number of load cycles — extracting during the circulation time in a mine containing 10 pockets, is in the average about 80.

To dry the seeds of agricultural crops with a moisture content of 20% to a moisture content of 14%, its reduction during one contact with the coolant will be 0.08, followed by a period of prolonged retrieval, during which moisture leveling takes place over the cross section of seed.

With sufficient accuracy for practice, we can assume that the drying of the material in this case occurs evenly over the entire cross section of seeds. This favorably affects the quality of the material, and at the same time, the energy consumption according to preliminary calculations in comparison with the known is reduced by 10-15%.

The ability to use the shaft as for drying with a coil and a counterflow makes it more versatile. In addition, when drying the material in counterflow, an additional 8–10% of heat is saved, due to a more complete saturation of the coolant with moisture.

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Claims (2)

1. Dryer for drying loose materials in a suspended state, containing a shaft with loading and unloading equipment and devices, inclined shelves placed in it in a staggered order, peaks and partitions located above them, with an open wall along with the shelves and walls of the shaft pockets with a bottom opening at the top, characterized in that, in order to regulate the time of the drying process and ensure the material in the pockets, the visors are fixed on the walls of the mine with overlapping of the corresponding pockets, A rotary guide is installed between the free end of the canopy and the partitions. 2. Dryer POP.1, I differ from the fact that in the final the opening of each pocket has a flap. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Author's certificate of the USSR 383981, cl. F 26 B 17/10, 1972. 2. USSR Copyright Certificate No. 166902, cl. F 26 B 17/10, 1969. R