518624 A7 ___B7_ 五、發明說明（/ ) <發明背景> 本發明係有關於一種帶有雙向運動之接觸器的高電壓 電氣開關裝置。 <習知技藝說明> 習知的用於高電壓、且特別是用於超高電壓之帶有負 載之切換裝置、開關、斷路器、或電路斷路開關等都包含 有兩個分隔開排列的接觸器和一個可令兩接觸器其中之一 接觸器作相對於另一接觸器之直線移動的操作機構。 在文獻FR1，4 4 8，8 5 4裏，已建議：設置兩 個可在密閉之殼體內部移動的接觸器。一個第一接觸器係 由一個操作機構來驅動的，並且該第一接觸器設有一個用 來在「開啓行程」啓動的時候帶動第二接觸器以引發兩個 接觸器作相同移動的機構，這樣使得兩個接觸器在剛啓動 的時候，不會立即分離開來。「正向鎖住機構」令該兩個 接觸器在它們行程裏的一個預定位置上分離，並且，在兩 個接觸器分離開以後，一個回行彈簧將第二接觸器拉回到 其原始位置，然而同時，第一接觸器繼續其行程。這種裝 置提供了以下的優點：對於一個固定的分離行程，可以增 加接觸器的分離速度，以便快速地延長在兩個接觸器分離 的瞬間在兩接觸器之間引發的電弧（電火花）。但是，里 爲必須在開啓行程的初始階段進行回行彈簧的壓縮，所以 ’其需要有一個有力的驅動機構。更進一步地，由於在超 過該分離位置以後的行程裏，在兩個接觸器之間不再有任 4 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（Cns)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂·丨 518624 A7 _B7_ 五、發明說明（> ) 何的機械聯結，第二個接觸器在分離以後的行程係完全與 第一個接觸器在分離以後的行程無關。假如，將第二接觸 器拉回到其停放位置的回行機構發生故障，該第二接觸器 可能在其分離位置中間卡住，然而，第一接觸器被驅動機 構帶回到其開啓位置。在這種情形之下，該驅動機構顯示 其係在一個斷開位置，但事實上，卻沒有考慮到其斷開距 離。在美國3, 8 9 6，2 8 2專利文件裏揭示有一個電 氣關關裝置，該電氣關關裝置設有一個內部充滿電氣絕緣 氣體之密閉殼體。一個第一和第二活動接觸器被置放在殼 體內部，並且在正常狀態下是彼此相互啣接的，以便容許 電流流過。爲了打開這些接觸器並且中斷電流，一個帶有 連接桿和手柄的機構令這兩個接觸器能夠被同時地沿彼此 相反的方向驅動，以相等的速度作相對於殼體的移動。分 離的速度是比只讓兩接觸器其中之一個接觸器移動的開關 裝置要來得快。尤其，該連接桿和手柄機構在整個過程中 間提供了一個在第一接觸器和第二接觸器之間的機械式聯 結，以致於第二接觸器的位置始終關聯到第一接觸器的位 置和驅動機構的位置。然而，所需要的動力--特別是在 開啓作業的開始階段--是大的，這是因爲由兩個接觸器 形成的兩個活動質量在整個過程中間都必須被帶動。另外 ，這個裝置不包含有任何放電接觸器，這使得其變得不能 被使用在大功率的開關裝置上面。最後，回行機構連桿也 引起在密閉殼體內的空間問題。 在歐洲專利文獻E P 3 1 3 8 1 3裏說明一個高電壓 5 衣纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐) --------------------^--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 ____________ B7 五、發明說明（^ ) 電氣開關裝置，該高電壓電氣開關裝置包含有一個密閉殼 體，該密閉殼體的內部充滿介電氣體（電氣絕緣氣體）， 並且藏置有一個活動的接觸器機構和一個靜止的接觸器機 構。該活動的接觸器機構包含有一個固定接觸器和一個電 弧接觸器’該固定接觸器和電弧接觸器彼此緊密地結合在 一起。活動的接觸器機構又包含有一個被固定到該固定接 觸器上並且係由絕緣材料製成的管嘴。該活動接觸器機構 在殼體內部由一個驅動機構沿軸線方向作平移運動的驅動 。該靜止的接觸器機構包含有一個固定接觸器和一個電弧 接觸器’該固定接觸器是相對於開關裝置殼體爲固定的， 而電弧接觸器可沿著軸線方向滑動，而與靜止的固定接觸 器進行滑動的電氣接觸。一個帶有鏈輪和冠狀輪的傳輸機 構使得活動的接觸器機構之平移運動能夠被傳遞到靜止的 接觸器機構之滑動電弧接觸器。該靜止接觸器機構的電弧 接觸器具有一個管子的形狀，以致於當開關被閉合的時候 ，該活動接觸器機構的電弧接觸器深深穿透進入到靜止接 觸器機構的電弧接觸器。當該開關被打開的時候，在電弧 接觸器分離開以前，該活動之固定接觸器即與靜止之固定 接觸器相分離。當這些電弧接觸器分開的時候，電弧接觸 器被驅動，而彼此以一個兩倍於活動之固定接觸器相對於 靜止之固定接觸器的速度彼此相互分離開。這個裝置使得 移動之質量的活動能夠被限制住，因爲這些固定接觸器的 其中之一保持相對於殻體的靜止不動。然而，它確是需要 一個具有一個大行程的驅動機構，因爲在開啓位置上的這 6 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) I:--------訂------ 518624 A7 B7 五、發明說明（ 些固定接觸器之間的斷開距離是只依賴活動之固定接觸器 的位移距離來獨力完成的。 絡 一個由先前之裝置推演出來的裝置是被揭承在β e 9，6 3 1,3 2 3裏。該開關包含有〜個第一cTcr U5r^垵觸器機構和 一個第二接觸器機構。該第一接觸器機構設有_ 1固固定接 觸器、一個電弧接觸器、和一個由電氣絕緣材料製成的管 嘴而形成一個單體的組合件，由一個驅動機擒直接驅動。 該第二接觸器機構包含有一個固定接觸器和〜個電=接觸 器，兩個接觸器彼此緊密地連接在一起。第〜接觸器機構 之電弧接觸器的移動經由一個傳輸機構被傳遞到第二接觸 器機構，該傳輸機構包含有一個反向移動槓桿、〜個第一 連接桿、和一個第二連接桿。該第一連接桿以關節連接到 管嘴和槓桿上’而該第二連接桿以關節連接到第二接觸器 機構和槓桿上。當操作該開關的時候，兩個電弧接觸器以 相反的速度分離開來’這些速度的模數（modull)是相等的 。移動質量是大的’因爲該移動質量包含了該兩個電弧接 觸益和兩個固疋接觸器。驅動機構的尺寸大小需要被相應 地設定。臨界斷開測試的其中一個項目是一個低強度電容 性電流 （capacitive current)。雖然，爲了中斷短路的電流 ’要在少於電流的半個週期的時間內達到在兩接觸器之間 的分離並等待電流越過零點，但是爲了斷開此類的電流， 必須在兩個電弧接觸器分離的瞬間非常快速地增加兩個電 弧接觸器之間的距離。在這個案例裏，這個裝置並未能夠 使動能(kinetic energy)得到最大的效果。 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公f ) 訂—------ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 ----SI_____ 五、發明說明（f) 在美國專利US 5，5 7 8，8 0 6的技術說明裏揭 示一個設有一個第一接觸器機構和一個第二接觸器機構的 開關。該第一接觸器機構包含有一個固定接觸器、一個電 弧接觸器、和一個由絕緣材料製成的管嘴，形成一個單〜 塊體的組合件，直接由一個驅動機構來推動。該第二接觸 器機構包含有一個固定接觸器和一個電弧接觸器，這雨個 接觸器彼此牢固地相互連接在一起。第一接觸器機構的電 弧接觸器之移動動作經由〜個傳輸機構傳遞到第二接觸器 機構，該傳輸機構包含有〜個傳輸嵌齒輪（cog_wheel)、〜 個緊固地被結合到管嘴上並且啣接該嵌齒輪的冠狀齒輪 (crown-wheel)、以及一*個連接桿，該連接桿一方面形成關 節狀連接於該嵌齒輪周緣上的一點，在另一方面，則形成 關節狀連接在第二接觸器機構上面。該傳輸機構是非線性 的，這使得它能夠在兩個固定接觸器分離的時候在移動的 開始階段將一個緩慢的速度加之於第二接觸器機構上面， 而在當兩個電弧接觸器分離的時候，增加它的速度，並且 在稍後的開啓行程末段的時候減低速度。電容性電流因而 能夠在無需消耗太多驅動能量之下被中斷。然而，這個裝 置不能夠讓該系統的動能達到最佳化均狀態。 專利文件E P 8 0 9，2 6 9中揭示一個裝置，該裝置 包含有一個第一接觸器機構和一個第二接觸器機構；該第 一接觸器機構是由一個固定接觸器、一個電弧接觸器、和 一個絕緣管嘴形成的一個單一塊體組合件來構成的，而該 組合件是直接經由~個驅動機構來帶動；該第二接觸器機 8 本纸張尺度綱中1S國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱1 ~一 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1: -----訂---------. 518624 A7 _B7_^_ 五、發明說明（L) 構包含一個靜止的固定接觸器、一個電弧接觸器、和一個 介電屏蔽罩。一個傳輸機構將該管嘴結合到第二接觸器機 構的電弧接觸器。這個傳輸機構包含有一個反向移動槓桿 、一個將該槓桿連接到電弧接觸器的連接桿、和一個被固 定在管嘴上並且在該槓桿的直線溝槽內滑動的滑動桿。對 於管嘴的速度和第二接觸器機構的電弧接觸器速度之間的 比例不是固定不變的，因而在這個意義上，該傳輸機構是 非線性的。雖然，緊緊附著到管嘴上的移動質量- -該移 動質量也包含第一接觸器機構--是遠大於緊密附著到第 二接觸器機構的電弧接觸器之移動質量，但是，在整個的 電路開路行程中間，該管嘴的速度保持遠大於第二接觸器 機構的電弧接觸器之速度。整體來說，該機構的動能在電 路斷開過程中沒有得到最佳化。 在FR2,4 91，6 7 5專利文獻裏揭示一個自動爆 炸和自動壓縮型氣體的電路斷路器，該電路斷路器包含有 一個第一接觸器機構和一個第二接觸器機構；該第一接觸 器機構是由一個固定接觸器、一個電弧接觸器、和一個絕 緣管嘴形成的一個單一塊體之組合件構成的，且該組合件 是由一個驅動機構直接帶動的；該第二接觸器機構包含有 一個靜止的固定接觸器和一個電弧接觸器。一個傳輸機構 將該管嘴聯結到第二接觸器機構的電弧接觸器上。第一接 觸器機構形成一個圓柱體，該圓柱體藉由小直徑的管路， 開口朝向管嘴，且在相反的一側，藉由一個固定活塞封閉 住，以便於形成一個可變容積的滅火腔室。當該第一接觸 9 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ---------訂---------· 518624 A7 B7 五、發明說明（） / 器機構移動的時候，活塞進入該滅火腔室’而滅火腔室的 容積變小。在電路斷開操作的開始階段，只要該第二接觸 器機構的電弧接觸器堵住管嘴的開孔’第一接觸器機構的 移動便會引起滅火腔室裏的壓力增加。一旦這些電弧接觸 器分離開，第二接觸器機構的電弧接觸器即放開管嘴的開 孔。電弧滅火腔室的容積繼續變小’而經由管嘴開孔逃離 該滅火腔室的氣體促使在電弧接觸器之間發生的電火花熄 滅。假如是一個強電流的電路斷開’必須持續噴出電火花 ，以便將滅火腔室裏的相對較冷之氣體帶到電火花上，直 到電火花熄滅爲止。換句話說，該活塞的動作在整個電路 斷開動作期間是必須的。因而，第一接觸器機構相對於活 塞的速度必須是足以提供滅火腔室裏的壓力，以維持一個 較管嘴的壓力爲大的氣壓。在這個文獻裏，已經建議實施 一種傳輸機構，該傳輸機構給予支撐管嘴的接觸器一個小 於或等於不支撐管嘴之接觸器的速度，以便於減少該系統 的動能。此種速度比例値在電路斷開行程期間保持固定不 變，這是十分符合此一類型的電路斷路器的需求，並且， 特別地，適於藉由壓縮滅火腔室以連續地撲滅電火花的需 要。然而，要將該文獻中所教導的內容轉化成一個包含有 一個壓縮活塞的電路斷路器是很困難的。在這個案例裏， 事實上，在一方面它需要在電路斷開行程的開始階段達到 一個高的活塞速度，以便能夠快速地增加電火花的滅火腔 室裏的壓力，在另一方面，在電路斷開的末段行程裏，要 能更有效率地吹滅該電火花。因爲活塞經常是牢固地結合 10 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公餐） I I I — I —I — ---I I I I I ^ «II I I I I-- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 _____—_B7___ 五、發明說明（#) 到該支撐著管嘴的接觸器上，所以實際上是活塞使用管嘴 的速度。 <發明槪要> 因此，本發明之目的在於彌補現有技術之缺失，以便 建議一個具有壓縮效果、大電流並且能夠在小容積的空間 裏以低的操作能量達到快速並可靠的斷開作用的高電壓開 關裝置。 根據本發明，其目標的達成是藉由一種高電壓負載電 氣開關裝置，該裝置包含有：在一個內部塡充有一種高絕 緣強度的氣體並且界定了一條幾何基準軸線的密閉殼體（ 10)裏面， ——有一個固定支撐物，該支撐物圍成一個內壓縮腔 室的邊界； ---個第一接觸機構，該第一接觸機構可作相對於 該支撐物的移動，並且該第一接觸機構包含： 一個第一固定接觸器； 一個管嘴，該管嘴是由電氣絕緣材料製成的，且係牢 固地結合在該第一固定接觸器上面； 一個活塞，該活塞係牢固地結合於該第一固定接觸器 上面，並且在固定支撐物裏滑動，以便於連同該管嘴一起 限定一個電弧膨脹腔室，並且將該電弧膨脹腔室與內壓縮 腔室分離開來，該活塞是設置有一個排放閥，作爲從內壓 縮腔室排放到電弧膨脹腔室的裝置，當內壓縮腔室裏的壓 11 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公t ) I-------------------^--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 ___B7 五、發明說明（1 ) 力變得大於電弧膨脹腔室裏的壓力的時候’該排放閥即開 啓； 一個第一電弧接觸器，該第一電弧接觸器係牢固地結 合在第一固定接觸器上面，並且突伸入電弧膨脹腔室裏面 一個第二接觸機構，該第二接觸機構包含有一個第二 固定接觸器和一個可作相對於殼體移動的第二電弧接觸器 f 一個驅動機構，該驅動機構用來帶動第一接觸機構， 使該第一接觸機構從一個關閉位置以軸向平移的動作沿著 固定幾何基準軸線移動到一個開啓位置’經由通過第一和 第二固定接觸器的一個暫時分離位置P 2，在該暫時分離位 置P 2上，第一和第二固定接觸器彼此失去接觸，並且又通 過一個第一和第二電弧接觸器的暫時分離位置P 3，在該暫 時分離位置P 3上，該第一和第二電弧接觸器彼此失去接觸 ，且該暫時分離位置P3係位於第一和第二固定接觸器的暫 時分離位置P 2和開啓位置之間； 一個動作傳遞機構，該動作傳遞機構形成管嘴和第二 電弧接觸器之間的一個固定的運動聯結物，以便將管嘴的 動作傳遞到該第二電弧接觸器； 該動作傳遞機構在設計上係能夠當第一接觸機構沿著 軸線的一個方向以一速度模數Vi移動的時候，該第二電弧 接觸器沿著該固定幾何基準軸線在相反的方向上以速度模 數V2作平移的移動，該V2係依照速度模數¥1和^2/\^ 12 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 ___ B7 ___ 五、發明說明（/ G ) 4勺比例關係而定，而V2/V ^之比例係依照第一接觸機 構與殼體的相對位置而變動，其變動方式如下： 只要第一接觸機構是位於關閉位置和一個位於關閉位 置和第一與第二電弧接觸器之暫時分離位置P 3之間的一個 第一指標位置P i之間的時候，該v 2/V i比例値就保持 在小於0 · 5 ; 當第一接觸機構通過一個位於第一與第二固定接觸器 的暫時分離位置P 2和開啓位置之間的第二暫態指標位置P 5的時候，該V 2/ Vi的比例値即通過一個大於1的極大 値； 只要第一接觸機構是位於一個第三指標位置P 7和開 啓位置之間的時候，該Vs/Vi的比例値即保持在一個小 於0.5的數値，其中，前述的第三指標位置P 7是位於第 二指標位置P 5和開啓位置之間。 本裝置的可靠性源自於這個事實·：藉由該傳遞機構所 達成的運動聯結是固定不變的，以致於第一接觸機構的位 置和操作機構的位置能夠忠實地反映出第二電弧接觸器之 位置。 在關閉位置和第一暫態指標位置之間所被置入的速度 比例使該第一接觸機構--該第一接觸機構是較重的-- 能夠在開啓動作一開始而電弧接觸器分離以前的時候被快 速地加速。因而’它能夠讓所有可利用的能量被使用在推 動活塞’而該活塞的作用是要壓擠在壓縮腔室裏的氣體。 一旦在壓縮腔室裏的壓力上升，排放閥打開，使得在電弧 13 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公笼） --------------------^--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)~ 518624 A7 ____B7___ 五、發明說明（u) 膨脹腔室裏的壓力也隨著增加。當電弧接觸器分離的時候 ，在電弧膨脹腔室裏的壓力已經是高的，這是有利於中斷 電容性電流的。事實上，已知：在已知的氣體媒介物裏， 被充電到不同電位的兩個電極之間，其擊穿電壓--也就 是在該氣體媒介物中兩電極之間要發生電弧火花所需要的 最小電壓値是氣體壓力和兩個電極之間間隔距離的乘積的 函數，這是從帕邢定律所得知的，並且，在超過一個極小 値以上的時候，這個函數隨著該壓力和距離的乘積增加。 藉由增加在膨脹腔室裏的壓力，擊穿電壓因而被增加，而 防止在兩個電弧接觸器之間的電弧事故。 第一接觸機構通過第二暫態指標位置時所使用的速度 比例使得在活塞已獲得所需要的充分速度時活動組合件的 能量能夠被明顯地降低，而，這是對快速增加電弧放電接 觸器的分隔距離是很有用的。的確，若我們一方面考慮一 個由牢固地結合在第一接觸器的活動質量構成的第一活動 組合件，另一方面考慮一個由牢固結合於第二電弧接觸器 之活動質量形成的第二活動組合件，我們能夠觀察到：該 第一活動組合件具有一個大於第二活動組合件之質量Μ 2的 質量Mi。這是藉由以下的事實來解釋：該第一接觸器一方 面是被牢固地結合到管嘴上，並且，在另一方面是被結合 到驅動機構的一部份。利用使第二接觸器的速度V 2超越第 一接觸器的速度Vi的方式，活動質量的全部運動能量被降 低。因而，可以獲得一個帶有非常良好之能量效率的分離 速度Vi+ V2。這個安排對於在一個電容性電流中斷測試 14 _______ 衣紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------- I---· I----I-- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 B7 _— -------- 五、發明說明（/ X) 裏防止電弧火花故障是特別有用的。 當第一接觸機構通過第三暫態指標位置的時候，所使 用的速度比例再次使得開啓行程結束時可利用的全部動能 能夠被集中使用在與該活塞結合在一起的第一接觸機構’ 以便於加強在管嘴的高度處消退電弧火花，這對於中斷過 載的電流是很重要的，並且，更進一步地，使得當電流中 斷時被加熱且受到污染的氣體能夠被乾淨且新鮮的氣體取 代。 較佳地，該第二指位置P 5是位於第一與第二電弧接 觸器的暫時分離位置P 3和開啓位置之間。這個選擇使得該 裝置的動能能夠精確地在接觸行程所選擇的位置上達到最 佳的狀態，以撲滅隨同電容性電流所產生的電弧火花。 較佳的是，V2/Vi的極大値是大於1 .5。因而’可 以更進一步地促進電弧接觸器的相對速度之增加。 該第二固定接觸機構和第二電弧接觸機構較佳地是# 固地彼此結合在一起。這個解決方案，與只有第二電弧接 觸器是活動的解決方案相較，事實上的確具有整體性地增 進該系統移動質量的效果。然而，在考慮到所追求的效果 之後，這個額外的移動質量並不顯示出有什麼壞處。該機 構的最佳效率事實上是當一個速度V 2/ V i之比例値等於 在傳遞機構每一側邊之活動組合件的質量之比例値的時候 發生的。假如，第二接觸機構的活動組合件之質量M2是非 常的低，該Mi/Ms的比値將是非常的高，並且，它在實 際上將變得難以達成一個結構簡單並能確保此類的最大傳 15 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------------訂—------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 ___B7___ 五、發明說明（/\) 遞比例値而同時在行程的開始和結束時確保有低的傳遞比 例値的傳遞機構。 有利的是，該第一接觸機構和管嘴一起形成一個具有 質量爲Mi的第一活動組合件，該第二固定接觸器和第二電 弧接觸器形成一個質量爲M2的第二活動組合件’並且，當 該第一接觸機構通過第一暫態指標位置的時候，其速度比 具有以下的關係： 〇.8 (M1/M2) ^ (V2/V1) ^1.2 (Μι/Μ 2 ) v 2/v 1的比例値是被期待能夠儘可能地接近]^1/ M2的比例値，以便使在電弧火花接觸的高速分離階段裏， 系統的動能能夠被極小化。當第一接觸機構通過第一暫態 指標位置的時候’最佳的是，該速度比値具有以下的關係 V 2//V l=Ml///M2 根據一個具體實施例，該傳遞機構包含有： 一個凸輪，該凸輪圍繞著一個相對於殼體爲固定不動 的幾何軸線樞轉’並且包含有一個彎曲軌道； 一個滑動體，該滑動體係牢固地結合到第二電弧接觸 器上面且，操作上係配合該軌道，以及， 一個連接桿，該連接桿的旋轉關節係設置在該凸輪上 ，並且被連接到一個與管嘴牢固地結合在一起的部件上。 藉由明智地選取彎曲軌道的形狀，在開啓和關閉行程 期間所需要的速度比例値可以非常簡單地獲得。 16 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂----1...----線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 ___B7__ 五、發明說明（（Lf ) 根據另一具體實施例，該傳遞機構包含有： 一個凸輪，該凸輪圍繞著一個相對於殼體爲固定不動 的幾何軸線樞轉’並且包含有一個第〜彎曲軌道和一個第 二彎曲軌道； 一個第一滑動體，該滑動體係牢固地結合到第二電弧 接觸器上面，且，操作上係配合該第一軌道，以及， 一個連接桿系統，該連接桿系統係牢固地結合到管嘴 上，並且，包含有一個第二滑動體，該第二滑動體在操作 上係配合第二軌道。 這個機構具有令連接桿系統能夠進行直接導引作用的 優點。 有利的是，該管嘴包含有一個頸部，形成一個第一氣 體流道，以供氣體從殼體內部的電弧膨脹腔室流入到一個 氣體擴張腔室，只要第一接觸機構是位於關閉位置和一個 苐四暫態指標丨u置P 6之間的位置上的時候，該第一氣體流 道至少部份地是藉由第二電弧接觸器予以關閉，而前述的 第四暫態指標位置P 6是位於第一與第二電弧接觸器的暫時 分離位置P 3和開啓位置之間。 較佳地’該裝置包含一個第二氣體流道，以供氣體在 殻體內的電弧膨脹腔室和氣體擴張腔室之間流通。該第二 氣體流道設有一個延時閥，只要第一接觸機構係位於關閉 位置和一個第五指標位置P4之間的時候，該延時閥就保持 在關閉狀態，而前述之第五指標位置P 4係位於第一與第二 電弧接觸器的暫時分離位置P 3和開啓位置之間。這兩個氣 Π --------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 衣紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公 518624 A7 _____ B7 _— —- 五、發明說明（(< ) 體流道是彼此競爭的，這使得氣體吹送速率能夠被增加1 ° 該延時閥使得在電弧接觸器分離開之後，開始打開氣_^ 道的時間能夠被精確地決定。在電弧接觸器分離開和閱門 開啓之間的時間間隔是被利用來使因活塞和因電弧接觸器 分開而在兩電弧接觸器之間引發的放電火花所共同引^白勺 氣體膨脹腔室裏的壓力增加繼續進行。有利的是’該第四 指標位置P 6是位於第五指標位置P 4和開啓位置之間。換 句話說，當進行該機構的開啓順序的時候，第二流道的開 啓是先於第一流道的開啓。較佳的是，該第二指標位置P 5 是位於靠近第四指標位置P 6和第五指標位置P 4的位置上 Ο 根據本發明的一個較佳具體實施例，該第一電弧接觸 器包含有一條管子，並且，該氣體流道穿過這條管子。 <圖式簡單說明> 從以下藉由本發明之特定具體實施例之說明便可對本 發明之其它優點和特徵變得更加明白，但這些具體實施例 並非限制本發明之範圍，而是藉此說明本發明之原理特徵 ，在這些圖式裏： 圖1爲根據本發明第一具體實施例的一個電路斷路器 之整體示意圖，在該圖裏的電路斷路器是在開路的狀態。 圖2爲圖1裏的電路斷路器之頂部部份的軸向剖面圖 ’該電路斷路器係在開路的狀態。 圖3爲圖1裏的電路斷路器之底部部份的軸向剖面圖 18 I —I— III · I I I I - I 1 ^ ·!!1 - II-- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 518624 A7 _B7__ 五、發明說明d G) ，該電路斷路器係在開路狀態。 圖4爲圖1裏的電路斷路器之頂部部份的軸向剖面圖 ，但該電路斷路器係在閉合位置。 圖5爲圖1裏的電路斷路器之底部部份的軸向剖面圖 ，但該電路斷路器係在閉合位置。 圖6爲一曲線圖，在該圖裏，描繪出對應於接觸機構 的位置之不同速度的曲線。 圖7係本發明之第二具體實施例的細部說明圖。 <元件符號說明> --------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 10 殼體 12 第一接觸機構 14 操作機構 16 管嘴 18 第二接觸機構 2 0 動作傳遞機構 2 2 固定幾何基準軸線 2 4 第一固定接觸器 2 6 第一電弧接觸器 2 8 鬱金香花朵形拉縮接觸爪 3 0 圓柱形末端拉縮接觸墊 3 2 頸部 3 4 平底擴孔式凹陷 3 6 平底擴孔式凹陷 19 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 518624 A7 B7 五、發明說明（Ο 3 8 4 0 4 1 4 2 4 4 4 6 4 8 5 0 5 2 5 4 5 6 5 8 6 0 6 1 6 2 6 4 6 6 7 0 7 2 7 4 7 6 7 8 8 0 8 2 滑動接觸壁 圓柱形收集器 滑動接觸環圏 內壓縮腔室 圓柱頭’ 活塞 電弧膨脹腔室 排放閥 管子 氣體擴張腔室 圓桿 側邊開孔 氣體流道 衝壓襯套 塡充閥 洩放閥 復歸彈簧 第二固定接觸器 第二電弧接觸器 接觸爪 滑動接觸頭 金屬指 金屬桿 徑向棒 --------^--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 518624 A7 __B7 五、發明說明) 8 4 樞轉復歸凸輪 8 6 傳遞連接桿 8 8 冠形元件 8 9 固定幾何樞轉軸線 9 0 滾子 9 2 鐮刀形彎曲溝槽 9 4 行程復歸彈簧 12 0 傳遞機構 18 4 凸輪 18 6 連接桿 19 0 a 滾子 19 0 b 滾子 19 2 a 軌道 19 2 b 軌道 P 1 第一暫態指標位置 P 2 第一和第二固定接觸器的暫時分離位置 P 3 第一與第二電弧接觸器的暫時分離位置 P 4 第五指標位置 P 5 第二指標位置 P 6 第四指標位置 P 7 第三指標位置 Μι 第一活動組合件的質量 M2 第二活動組合件的質量 V 1 速度模數 21 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 518624 A7 _B7_^_ 五、發明說明（（"]) V2 速度模數。 <較佳具體實施例的詳細說明> 請參照圖1至圖5，從這些附圖裏，能夠看到一個高 電壓的電路斷路器——在這個具體實施例裏，該電路斷路 器係被設計成可用於電壓超過3 6仟伏特的電路斷路器一 一被浸泡在一個充滿著高介電（絕緣）強度之氣體的殼體 1 0裏面。這種高介電強度之氣體譬如可以是六氟化硫S Fe，並且，該殻體1 〇內部設有一個由操作機構1 4推動 的第一接觸機構1 2、一個牢固地結合在第一接觸機構1 2上面的管嘴1 6、和一個藉由動作傳遞機構2 0而能夠 與該管嘴1 6聯結一起移動的第二接觸機構1 8。該殼體 1 0使得一個固定的幾何基準軸線2 2能夠被界定出，而 形成一條被用作爲移動活動部件的軸線。 第一接觸機構12—一可從圖2和圖4中觀察其細部 結構一一包含有一個管狀的圓柱形固定接觸器2 4和一個 設置在固定接觸器2 4內部且被擺設成與固定接觸器2 4 具有同一中心軸線的電弧接觸器2 6。該電弧接觸器2 6 也是.管子的形狀，並且在其自由端設置有一個鬱金香花朵 形之拉縮接觸爪2 8，該鬱金香花朵形拉縮接觸爪2 8由 排列成花冠形狀之數個接觸指構成的。該固定接觸器2 4 本身設有一個圓柱形末端拉縮接觸墊3 0，該圓柱形末端 拉縮接觸墊3 0使得固定接觸器2 4能夠配合第二接觸機 構1 8—起操作。該電弧接觸器2 6和固定接觸器2 4係 22 衣紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 —___B7__— ―― 五、發明說明（〆） 彼此被緊密地聯結在一起，並且由該操作機構1 4一起帶 動。 該管嘴16係由一個絕緣材料製成的部件形成的’這 個絕緣材料譬如可以是特氟龍（聚四氟乙烯絕緣材料）’ 這使得在出現電火花的時候能夠除氣（degassing) °其係 被固定在固定接觸器2 4的一個內表面上，並且被置於該 固定接觸器2 4的圓柱形末端拉縮接觸墊3 0和電弧接觸 器2 6的鬱金香花朵形拉縮接觸爪2 8之間。該管嘴1 6 形成一個介於兩個平底擴孔式凹陷3 4和3 6之間的頸部 3 2° 從該固定接觸器2 4的圓柱形末端拉縮接觸蟄3 0延 伸出的是一個滑動接觸壁3 8的圓柱形外周圍表面’該滑 動接觸壁3 8的圓柱形外周圍表面在一個被固定在殼體1 0上以作爲支撐和導引第一接觸機構12之動作的圓柱形 收集器4 0裏面作同一中心軸線地滑動，該圓柱形收集器 4 0設置有一個滑動接觸環圏4 1，以便當該固定接觸器 2 4平移的時候，在該固定接觸器2 4和圓柱形收集器4 0之間造成電氣上之接觸。該圓柱形收集器4 〇限定了一 個內壓縮腔室4 2，該內壓縮腔室4 2被一個圓柱頭4 4 緊緊地密封住。固定接觸器2 4在其穿入到圓柱形收集器 4 0內部的軸線端上設有一個活塞4 6，該活塞4 6將內 壓縮腔室4 2與一個在半徑方向上以固定接觸器2 4之圓 柱形滑動接觸壁3 8爲邊界的電弧膨脹腔室4 8隔離開， 並且，在固定接觸器2 4軸線上與該活塞4 6相反的另一 23 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 ^_B7_ ___ 五、發明說明) 端上則設置爲管嘴1 6。該活塞4 6設有一^個排放閥5 0 ，該排放閥5 0在內壓縮腔室4 2裏的壓力一旦變得大於 電弧膨脹腔室4 8裏的壓力的時候即會打開。該活塞4 6 係被牢固地結合在該固定接觸器2 4以及第一電弧接觸器 2 6上，且該活塞4 6提供一個介於固定接觸器2 4和電 弧接觸器2 6之間的電流路徑。該電弧接觸器2 6形成一 條管子5 2，該管子5 2穿過該活塞4 6和圓柱頭4 4， 並且突伸到一個由密閉殼體1 0圍成的氣體擴張腔室5 4 裏面。該氣體擴張腔室5 4佔有殼體1 〇內部所有可利用 的空間，一直延伸到平底擴孔式凹陷3 6。該管子5 2的 端部係被固定在一個圓桿5 6上，形成驅動操作機構1 4 的一個輸出部。在該管子5 2的端部上則設置有多個側邊 開孔5 8，以致於在電弧膨脹腔室4 8和氣體擴張腔室5 4之間形成一條氣體流道6 0，穿入管子5 2的內部。然 而，一衝壓襯套6 1係牢固地被結合在圓柱頭4 4上面’ 當在圖4所示的閉合位置上的時候，該衝壓襯套6 1係緊 密地覆蓋在側邊開孔5 8上，以便作爲一個延時閥門。 該圓柱頭4 4設有一個塡充閥6 2和一個洩放閥6 4 。在當內壓縮腔室4 2裏的壓力小於氣體擴張腔室5 4裏 的壓力的時候，該塡充閥6 2係被用作爲溝通氣體擴張腔 室5 4和內壓縮腔室4 2之間的通道。當在內壓縮腔室4 2和氣體擴張腔室5 4之間的壓力差大於一個由該閥6 4 之復歸彈簧6 6來決定的洩放啓動門檻値的時候’該丨曳方夂 閥6 4被用作爲由內壓縮腔室4 2到氣體擴張腔室5 4的 24 _ 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------^--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 ______R7 __ ____ 五、發明說明（ll) 通道。 該第二接觸機構18一一可以在圖3和圖5裊觀察到 其細部結構——係由一個第二固定接觸器7 0和一個第二 電弧接觸器7 2彼此相互地牢固結合在一起而構成的。該 第二固定接觸器7 〇係由一個帶有貫穿孔的管形金屬部件 形成的，其一個自由端設有一個有如鬱金香般的手指形狀 接觸爪7 4。該第二固定接觸器7 0係在一個設有滑動接 觸頭7 6的固定收集器7 4裏面沿著軸線方向移動，前述 之滑動接觸頭7 6在當固定接觸爪7 4發生平移運動的時 候，能夠在該固定接觸器7 0和收集器7 4之間保持電氣 上的接觸。該第二電弧接觸器7 2形成一個金屬材質的金 屬指7 8，該金屬手指7 8的內徑與管嘴的頸部之內徑尺 寸相同，而後方延伸以一個金屬桿8 0。該電弧接觸器7 2和固定接觸器7 〇係藉由一個徑向棒8 2來將彼此固定 連接在一起，這也確保在這兩個接觸器7 0和7 2之間能 夠通過電流。 該動作傳遞機構2 0包含一個樞轉復歸凸輪8 4，該 樞轉復歸凸輪8 4配合電弧接觸器7 2的金屬桿8 0之一 軸向端以及配合一個小的傳遞連接桿8 6來操作。該樞轉 復歸凸輪8 4繞著一條垂直於固定幾何基準軸線2 2的固 定幾何樞轉軸線8 9作樞轉。該傳遞連接桿8 6的樞轉關 節係被連接在樞轉復歸凸輪8 4上以及被連接在一個被裝 設在管嘴1 6之軸線端上的冠形元件8 8上面。該電弧接 觸器7 2的軸線端設有一個滾子9 〇，該滾子9 0具有滑 25 木紙張尺$適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（21G X 297公爱） ' ' --------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 ____B7_ 五、發明說明（1) 動體的功能’並且能夠配合被設置在樞轉復歸凸輪8 4上 的由鐮刀形彎曲溝槽9 2形成的一條軌道來操作。行程復 歸彈簧9 4的一端能夠驅使該徑向棒8 2和第二接觸機構 1 8回到閉合的位置。 本發明的裝置操作方法如下： 在圖4和圖5裏的閉合位置上，該第二固定接觸器7 0的接觸爪7 4夾住第一固定接觸器2 4的外部周緣3 0 ，並且提供一個穿過該第一收集器4 0、滑動接觸環圏4 1、第一固定接觸器2 4、接觸爪7 4、第二固定接觸器 7 0、滑動接觸頭7 6，和第二收集器7 6的電流路徑。 形成第二電弧接觸器7 2之端部的金屬指7 8深深地貫穿 進入到第一電弧接觸器2 6裏面，並且阻塞住管子5 2。 第一電弧接觸器2 6的鬱金香花朵形拉縮接觸爪2 8夾住 該金屬指7 8，並且形成一個介於該第一和第二收集器之 間的電流通道。該金屬指78阻塞住由第一電弧接觸器2 6形成的管子5 2之端部，以致於在管子5 2裏面所包含 的氣柱（gas column)被密封住。該金屬指7 8也佔有頸部 3 2的整個內部空間，以致於它也至少部份地關閉了在此 一高度上的電弧膨脹腔室4 8 ° 當本發明的裝置打開的時候’該操作機構1 4連續不 停地帶動了第一接觸機構1 2，使其從圖4和圖5裏所示 的閉合位置轉變到圖1至圖3裏所說明的開放位置。該第 一接觸機構1 2的動作經由管嘴1 6和動作傳遞機構2 0 而被傳遞到第二接觸機構1 8 ° 26 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) tr--------- 518624 B7 五、發明說明（4) 爲了更精確地說明這種開啓的動作’在圖6裏以X軸 代表第一接觸機構1 2的動作，其它的曲線：第一接觸機 構12的速度之代表曲線（曲線A)、第二接觸機構18 的速度之代表曲線（曲線B)、第一接觸機構12之速度 和第二接觸機構18之速度之間的比例之代表曲線（曲線 C )，則是被繪製在圖上，來說明這些構件相對於圓柱形 收集器4 0的第一接觸機構1 2之移動的關係。 該樞轉復歸凸輪8 4的形狀是被設計成能夠在第一階 段裏讓第二接觸機構18能夠保持實際上爲不動的狀態’ 以致於操作機構14的全部能量被用來作爲加速該第一接 觸機構1 2的用途。換句話說，假如我們以第一接觸機構 1 2的速度之模數爲乂 i，而第二接觸機構1 8的速度之模 數爲Vs，那麼，Vs/Vi的比率係趨近於零，並且只要 是該第一接觸機構1 2是在該關閉位置和圖中以Pi代表的 第一暫態指標位置（first transient indexed position)之間， 在任何情況裏這個比率都少於0. 5。超過Pi以後，該第 一接觸機構1 2到達固定接觸器2 4和7 0的一個分離位 置P 2，這個位置是在它們整個行程的大約1 〇 %的地方。 該樞轉復歸凸輪8 4已經旋轉了數個角度，以致於該速度 傳遞比率V 2/V 1非常快速地增加而超越了 1。當該第 一接觸機構1 2到達一個位置P 3，在這個位置上，它們與 第二電弧接觸器7 2分離開，這已經涵蓋了它們整個開啓 行程的大約3 0 %，而速度比率超過了1 . 5。之後，這個 電弧接觸器的相對分離速度--在此是等於V 1加上V 2一 .27 本·紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐) " " "" ---------------------^--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 518624 B7 五、發明說明（<) 一是非常的高。這個v2/Vi的比例値保持大於1 ·5的狀 態約持續0.5至3毫秒(ms)，使得電弧接觸器2 6和7 2 能夠產生非常高速的分離動作，然後，當第一接觸機構到 達一個位置P 5的時候，這個V 2/V i比例値到達最大値 。只要該速度比例値保持在大於1，較輕的接觸機構一一 也就是指：第二接觸機構1 8，因該第二接觸機構1 8不 須支撐著管嘴1 6--的加速作用即勝過較重的接觸機丰冓 (也就是指：第一接觸機構1 2 )的移動。這種不均衡的 偏頗作用使得對於一個由操作機構14所提供的已知大小 的整個機械作用力的情況下，活動組合件的相對速度V 1 + V 2能夠在這些電弧接觸器分離開的階段裏達到最大値。的 確，假如，我們將所涉及的機械系統作一個簡化的系統模 型，該最大的速度可從以下的公式獲得： d(V1 + V2)/dt=〇,也就是：d V i = — d V 2 〇 作爲一個第一近似値，該最小的作用力是從以下的公 式獲得的： dW = MiVidVi + M2V2dV2=0 其中，Μ 1是移動元件的質量，該移動元件係牢固地 結合於第一接觸機構1 2上，也就是指：固定接觸器2 4 、電弧接觸器2 6、圓桿5 6、管嘴16、和冠形元件8 8的質量總和，作爲一個第一近似値，並且，其中，％2係 牛固地結合在第一接觸機構1 8上的移動元件的質量，這 些移動元件，譬如是：固定接觸器7 〇、電弧接觸器7 2 28 木紙張尺度適用中關家標準(CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公t ) '~ -- C請先閱讀背面之涑意事頊存瓖寫本頁> --------訂----- 518624 ___B7____ 五、發明說明（>^ ) 、和徑向棒8 2。 然後，我們獲得：518624 A7 ___B7_ 5. Description of the invention (/) < Background of the Invention > The present invention relates to a high-voltage electrical switching device having a contactor with two-way movement. < Description of Known Techniques > The conventional switching device, switch, circuit breaker, or circuit breaker with load for high voltage and especially for ultra high voltage includes two separate The arranged contactors and an operating mechanism which can make one of the two contactors move linearly relative to the other contactor. In documents FR1, 4 4 8 and 8 5 4, it has been proposed to provide two contactors which can be moved inside the closed casing. A first contactor is driven by an operating mechanism, and the first contactor is provided with a mechanism for driving the second contactor to cause the two contactors to make the same movement when the "opening stroke" is started, In this way, when the two contactors are just started, they will not be separated immediately. The "positive locking mechanism" separates the two contactors at a predetermined position in their stroke, and after the two contactors are separated, a return spring pulls the second contactor back to its original position. However, at the same time, the first contactor continues its travel. This device offers the advantage that for a fixed separation stroke, the contactor separation speed can be increased in order to quickly extend the arc (electric spark) caused between the two contacts at the instant the two contacts are separated. However, since the return spring must be compressed at the initial stage of the opening stroke, it needs a powerful driving mechanism. Furthermore, since there is no longer any space between the two contactors during the travel beyond the separation position, the paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (Cns) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read first Note on the back, please fill in this page again.) · 518624 A7 _B7_ 5. Mechanical description of the invention (>) The mechanical contact of the second contactor after separation is completely different from that of the first contactor after separation Itinerary is irrelevant. If the return mechanism that pulls the second contactor back to its parking position fails, the second contactor may get stuck in the middle of its disengaged position, however, the first contactor is brought back to its open position by the drive mechanism. In this case, the drive mechanism shows that it is in an off position, but in fact, it does not take into account its off distance. The US patent 3, 8 9 6, 2 8 2 discloses an electric closing device, which is provided with a hermetically sealed housing filled with an electrically insulating gas. A first and a second movable contactor are placed inside the casing and are connected to each other under normal conditions so as to allow current to flow. In order to open these contactors and interrupt the current, a mechanism with a connecting rod and a handle enables both contactors to be driven simultaneously in opposite directions to each other and move relative to the housing at the same speed. Separation is faster than a switching device that only moves one of the two contactors. In particular, the connecting rod and the handle mechanism provide a mechanical connection between the first contactor and the second contactor in the middle of the process, so that the position of the second contactor is always associated with the position of the first contactor and The position of the drive mechanism. However, the required power, especially at the beginning of the opening operation, is large, because the two moving masses formed by the two contactors must be driven in the middle of the entire process. In addition, this device does not contain any discharge contactors, which makes it impossible to use it on high-power switching devices. Finally, the return link also causes space problems within the closed housing. In European patent document EP 3 1 3 8 1 3 it is stated that a high-voltage 5-coat paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ------------- ------- ^ --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 518624 A7 ____________ B7 V. Description of the invention (^) Electrical switchgear, the high voltage electrical switch The device includes a closed case, the inside of which is filled with a dielectric gas (electrically insulating gas), and contains a movable contactor mechanism and a stationary contactor mechanism. The movable contactor mechanism includes a fixed contactor and an arc contactor ', and the fixed contactor and the arc contactor are tightly coupled to each other. The movable contactor mechanism further includes a nozzle fixed to the fixed contactor and made of an insulating material. The movable contactor mechanism is driven inside the housing by a driving mechanism for translational movement in the axial direction. The stationary contactor mechanism includes a fixed contactor and an arc contactor. The fixed contactor is fixed relative to the housing of the switchgear, and the arc contactor can slide along the axial direction to contact the stationary fixed contact. The device makes sliding electrical contact. A transmission mechanism with sprocket and crown wheels enables the translational movement of the moving contactor mechanism to be transmitted to the sliding arc contactor of the stationary contactor mechanism. The arc contactor of the stationary contactor mechanism has the shape of a tube so that when the switch is closed, the arc contactor of the movable contactor mechanism penetrates deeply into the arc contactor of the stationary contactor mechanism. When the switch is opened, the moving fixed contactor is separated from the stationary fixed contactor before the arc contactor is disconnected. When these arc contactors are separated, the arc contactors are driven and separated from each other at a speed which is twice as fast as a moving fixed contactor with respect to a stationary fixed contactor. This device enables the movement of moving masses to be restricted because one of these fixed contactors remains stationary relative to the housing. However, it does require a drive mechanism with a large stroke, because the 6-wood paper size in the open position applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (please read the precautions on the back first) (Fill in this page again) I: -------- Order ------ 518624 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (The disconnection distance between some fixed contactors is only the displacement of the fixed contactors that are moving only It was done by distance alone. A device derived from the previous device was unveiled in β e 9, 6 3 1, 3 2 3. The switch contains ~ a first cTcr U5r ^ contactor mechanism and A second contactor mechanism. The first contactor mechanism is provided with _ 1 fixed contactor, an arc contactor, and a nozzle made of electrically insulating material to form a single unit assembly, driven by a The mechanical contact is directly driven. The second contactor mechanism includes a fixed contactor and an electric contactor, and the two contactors are closely connected to each other. The movement of the arc contactor of the first contactor mechanism is transmitted via one transmission. Body is passed to the second contact Device, the transmission mechanism includes a reverse movement lever, ~ a first connecting rod, and a second connecting rod. The first connecting rod is articulated to the nozzle and the lever, and the second connecting rod is The joint is connected to the second contactor mechanism and lever. When the switch is operated, the two arc contactors are separated at opposite speeds 'the modull of these speeds are equal. The moving mass is large' Because the moving mass includes the two arc contacts and two solid contactors. The size of the drive mechanism needs to be set accordingly. One of the items of the critical disconnection test is a low-intensity capacitive current In order to interrupt the short-circuit current, it is necessary to reach the separation between the two contactors and wait for the current to cross the zero point in less than half a cycle of the current. The moment the contactor is disengaged increases the distance between the two arc contactors very quickly. In this case, this device did not enable kinetic energy. energy) to get the maximum effect. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 male f) Order ------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 518624 A7 ---- SI_____ V. Description of the invention (f) In the technical description of US Patent No. 5,587,608, a switch with a first contactor mechanism and a second contactor mechanism is disclosed. The first contactor mechanism includes a fixed contactor, an arc contactor, and a nozzle made of an insulating material to form a single-block assembly, which is directly pushed by a driving mechanism. The second contactor mechanism includes a fixed contactor and an arc contactor, and the rain contactors are firmly connected to each other. The movement of the arc contactor of the first contactor mechanism is transmitted to the second contactor mechanism via ~ transmission mechanisms, which include ~ transmission cog wheels, ~ ~ tightly coupled to the nozzle And a crown-wheel connecting the cog and a * connecting rod, the connecting rod forms an articulated point on the peripheral edge of the cog gear on the one hand, and forms an articulated connection on the other hand Above the second contactor mechanism. The transmission mechanism is non-linear, which allows it to add a slow speed to the second contactor mechanism at the beginning of the movement when the two fixed contactors are separated, and when the two arc contactors are separated , Increase its speed, and decrease it later at the end of the opening stroke. Capacitive current can therefore be interrupted without consuming too much drive energy. However, this device does not allow the kinetic energy of the system to be optimally averaged. Patent document EP 8 0 9, 2 6 9 discloses a device comprising a first contactor mechanism and a second contactor mechanism; the first contactor mechanism is composed of a fixed contactor and an arc contactor And a single block assembly formed by an insulating nozzle, and the assembly is directly driven by ~ driving mechanisms; the second contactor machine 1 national standard (CNS) in the paper standard outline A4 specifications (210 X 297 public love 1 ~ one (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 1: ----- order ---------. 518624 A7 _B7 _ ^ _ V. Invention Description (L) The structure includes a stationary fixed contactor, an arc contactor, and a dielectric shield. A transmission mechanism couples the nozzle to the arc contactor of the second contactor mechanism. The transmission mechanism contains a Move the lever in the opposite direction, a connecting rod that connects the lever to the arc contactor, and a sliding rod that is fixed to the nozzle and slides within the linear groove of the lever. For the speed of the nozzle and the second contactor Mechanism arc contactor speed The ratio between them is not fixed, so in this sense, the transmission mechanism is non-linear. Although, the moving mass tightly attached to the nozzle-this moving mass also includes the first contactor mechanism-is Much greater than the moving mass of the arc contactor that is closely attached to the second contactor mechanism, but during the entire open circuit stroke of the circuit, the speed of the nozzle remains much greater than the speed of the arc contactor of the second contactor mechanism. It is said that the kinetic energy of the mechanism has not been optimized during the disconnection of the circuit. FR2, 4 91, 6 7 5 patent document discloses an automatic explosion and automatic compression type circuit breaker, the circuit breaker contains A first contactor mechanism and a second contactor mechanism; the first contactor mechanism is composed of a single block assembly formed of a fixed contactor, an arc contactor, and an insulating nozzle, and The assembly is directly driven by a driving mechanism; the second contactor mechanism includes a stationary fixed contactor and an arc contactor. A transmission mechanism couples the nozzle to an arc contactor of a second contactor mechanism. The first contactor mechanism forms a cylinder with a small diameter pipe, the opening facing the nozzle, and the opposite On one side, it is closed by a fixed piston so as to form a variable-volume fire-extinguishing chamber. When the first contact is made, the paper size is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (please Read the precautions on the back before filling this page) --------- Order --------- · 518624 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention () When the actuator mechanism moves, the piston enters the The fire-extinguishing chamber's volume becomes smaller. At the beginning of the circuit disconnection operation, as long as the arc contactor of the second contactor mechanism blocks the opening of the nozzle, the movement of the first contactor mechanism will Causes increased pressure in the fire suppression chamber. Once these arc contactors are separated, the arc contactor of the second contactor mechanism releases the opening of the nozzle. The volume of the arc fire extinguishing chamber continues to decrease 'and the gas escaping from the fire extinguishing chamber through the nozzle opening causes the electric spark occurring between the arc contactors to extinguish. If a circuit with a strong current is disconnected ', an electric spark must be continuously ejected in order to bring the relatively cold gas in the fire extinguishing chamber to the electric spark until the electric spark is extinguished. In other words, the action of the piston is necessary during the entire circuit opening action. Therefore, the speed of the first contactor mechanism relative to the piston must be sufficient to provide the pressure in the fire extinguishing chamber to maintain a pressure that is greater than the pressure of the nozzle. In this document, it has been proposed to implement a transmission mechanism that gives the contactor supporting the nozzle a speed that is less than or equal to the contactor that does not support the nozzle in order to reduce the kinetic energy of the system. This speed ratio 値 remains constant during the circuit-breaking stroke, which is very much in line with the requirements of this type of circuit breaker, and, in particular, is suitable for continuously extinguishing electric sparks by compressing the fire-extinguishing chamber. need. However, it is difficult to translate what is taught in this document into a circuit breaker containing a compression piston. In this case, in fact, on the one hand it needs to reach a high piston speed at the beginning of the circuit's opening stroke in order to be able to quickly increase the pressure in the fire-extinguishing chamber of the electric spark, on the other hand, in the circuit In the final stroke of the disconnection, the spark must be more efficiently blown out. Because the piston is often firmly combined with 10 paper sizes, applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 meals) III — I —I — --- IIIII ^ «II III I-- (Please read the Please fill in this page again for attention) 518624 A7 _____—_ B7___ V. Description of the invention (#) To the contactor that supports the nozzle, it is actually the speed at which the piston uses the nozzle. < Summary of the invention > Therefore, the object of the present invention is to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art in order to propose a fast and reliable disconnection effect with a compression effect, a large current, and a low operating energy in a small volume space High voltage switching device. According to the present invention, the object is achieved by a high-voltage load electrical switching device, the device comprising: a closed housing filled with a gas of high insulation strength inside and defining a geometric reference axis (10) Inside, there is a fixed support that surrounds the boundary of an internal compression chamber; a first contact mechanism that can move relative to the support, and the first contact mechanism A contact mechanism includes: a first fixed contactor; a nozzle, which is made of an electrically insulating material, and is firmly coupled to the first fixed contactor; a piston, the piston system is firmly Combined with the first fixed contactor and sliding in a fixed support, so as to define an arc expansion chamber together with the nozzle, and to separate the arc expansion chamber from the inner compression chamber, the piston A discharge valve is provided as a device for discharging from the inner compression chamber to the arc expansion chamber. When the pressure in the inner compression chamber is 11 National Standard (CNS) A4 Specification (210 X 297 male t) I ------------------- ^ --------- (Please read the Note: Please fill in this page again) 518624 A7 ___B7 V. Description of the invention (1) When the force becomes greater than the pressure in the arc expansion chamber, the discharge valve is opened; a first arc contactor, the first arc contactor The second contact mechanism is firmly coupled to the first fixed contactor and protrudes into the arc expansion chamber. The second contact mechanism includes a second fixed contactor and a movable relative to the housing. The second arc contactor f is a driving mechanism for driving the first contact mechanism to move the first contact mechanism from a closed position to an open position along a fixed geometric reference axis in an axially translating motion. Through a temporary separation position P 2 of the first and second fixed contactors, at which the first and second fixed contactors lose contact with each other and again through a first and second arc contactor Temporary separation position P 3 at which In the off position P 3, the first and second arc contactors lose contact with each other, and the temporary separation position P3 is located between the temporary separation position P 2 and the open position of the first and second fixed contactors; an action transmission Mechanism, the motion transmission mechanism forms a fixed movement link between the nozzle and the second arc contactor, so as to transmit the motion of the nozzle to the second arc contactor; the motion transmission mechanism is designed to be capable of When the first contact mechanism moves along a direction of the axis with a speed modulus Vi, the second arc contactor moves in translation in the opposite direction along the fixed geometric reference axis with a speed modulus V2, the V2 Based on the speed modulus ¥ 1 and ^ 2 / \ ^ 12 This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ----------------- --- Order --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 518624 A7 ___ B7 ___ V. Description of the invention (/ G) 4 scoop ratio, and V2 / V The ratio of ^ is changed according to the relative position of the first contact mechanism and the casing. Bottom: As long as the first contact mechanism is between the closed position and a first index position P i between the closed position and the temporary separation position P 3 of the first and second arc contactors, the v 2 / Vi ratio 値 remains less than 0.5; when the first contact mechanism passes a second temporary index position P 5 between the temporarily separated position P 2 and the open position of the first and second fixed contactors , The V 2 / Vi ratio 値 passes a maximum value greater than 1; as long as the first contact mechanism is between a third index position P 7 and the open position, the Vs / Vi ratio 保持 remains at A number less than 0.5, wherein the aforementioned third index position P 7 is located between the second index position P 5 and the open position. The reliability of this device stems from the fact that the kinematic coupling achieved by the transmission mechanism is fixed so that the position of the first contact mechanism and the position of the operating mechanism can faithfully reflect the second arc contact器 的 位置。 Position of the device. The speed ratio placed between the closed position and the first transient index position enables the first contact mechanism--the first contact mechanism to be heavier--to be able to separate the arc contactor at the beginning of the opening action Is accelerated quickly. So 'it allows all available energy to be used to push the piston' and the piston's role is to squeeze the gas in the compression chamber. Once the pressure in the compression chamber rises, the discharge valve opens, making it possible to apply the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 male cage) to the paper size of the arc 13 ------------- ------- ^ --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) ~ 518624 A7 ____B7___ 5. Description of the invention (u) The pressure in the expansion chamber also follows increase. When the arc contactor is disconnected, the pressure in the arc expansion chamber is already high, which is conducive to interrupting the capacitive current. In fact, it is known: in a known gas medium, the breakdown voltage between two electrodes charged to different potentials-that is, the arc spark between the two electrodes in the gas medium The minimum required voltage 値 is a function of the product of the gas pressure and the separation distance between the two electrodes, which is known from Paschen's law, and when it exceeds a minimum 値, this function varies with the pressure and distance The product of is increased. By increasing the pressure in the expansion chamber, the breakdown voltage is thereby increased, preventing an arc accident between the two arc contactors. The speed ratio used when the first contact mechanism passes the second transient index position enables the energy of the movable assembly to be significantly reduced when the piston has obtained the required sufficient speed, and this is for the rapid increase of the arc discharge contactor The separation distance is useful. Indeed, if we consider on the one hand a first activity assembly consisting of a moving mass firmly bonded to the first contactor, on the other hand consider a second activity formed by a moving mass firmly bonded to the second arc contactor We can observe that the first movable assembly has a mass Mi greater than the mass M 2 of the second movable assembly. This is explained by the fact that the first contactor is firmly bonded to the nozzle on one side and is part of the driving mechanism on the other. By making the speed V 2 of the second contactor exceed the speed Vi of the first contactor, the total motion energy of the moving mass is reduced. Therefore, a separation speed Vi + V2 with very good energy efficiency can be obtained. This arrangement is applicable to a capacitive current interruption test. 14 _______ Applicable paper size for China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) --------------- I --- · I ---- I-- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 518624 A7 B7 _— -------- V. In the description of the invention (/ X), it is special to prevent arc spark failure. useful. When the first contact mechanism passes the third transient index position, the speed ratio used again enables all the kinetic energy available at the end of the opening stroke to be concentrated in the first contact mechanism combined with the piston to facilitate Strengthening the elimination of arc sparks at the height of the nozzle is important for interrupting the overloaded current, and, further, enables the heated and polluted gas to be replaced by clean and fresh gas when the current is interrupted. Preferably, the second finger position P 5 is located between the temporarily separated position P 3 and the open position of the first and second arc contactors. This selection allows the kinetic energy of the device to be accurately optimized at the position selected by the contact stroke to extinguish arc sparks that accompany the capacitive current. Preferably, the maximum chirp of V2 / Vi is greater than 1.5. Therefore, 'can further increase the relative speed of the arc contactor. The second fixed contact mechanism and the second arc contact mechanism are preferably # fixedly coupled to each other. This solution, compared to a solution in which only the second arc contactor is active, does indeed have the effect of increasing the moving mass of the system as a whole. However, after considering the effect sought, this additional quality of movement does not show any harm. The best efficiency of the mechanism actually occurs when the ratio 速度 of a speed V 2 / V i is equal to the ratio of the mass of the moving assembly on each side of the transmission mechanism 値. If the mass M2 of the movable assembly of the second contact mechanism is very low, the Mi / Ms ratio 値 will be very high, and it will actually become difficult to achieve a simple structure and ensure this type. The maximum size of this paper is 15 paper size applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -------------------------- Order —------ Line (please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 518624 A7 ___B7___ V. Description of the invention (/ \) Pass the ratio 値 while ensuring a low transfer ratio at the beginning and end of the trip Delivery agency. Advantageously, the first contact mechanism and the nozzle together form a first movable assembly with a mass Mi, and the second fixed contactor and the second arc contactor form a second movable assembly with a mass M2 ' In addition, when the first contact mechanism passes the first transient index position, its speed ratio has the following relationship: 0.8 (M1 / M2) ^ (V2 / V1) ^ 1.2 (Μι / Μ 2) v 2 The ratio of / v 1 is expected to be as close as possible] ^ 1 / M2 ratio 値, so that the kinetic energy of the system can be minimized during the high-speed separation stage of arc spark contact. When the first contact mechanism passes the position of the first transient indicator, 'best is, the speed ratio 値 has the following relationship V 2 // V l = Ml /// M2 According to a specific embodiment, the transmission mechanism includes There are: a cam which pivots around a fixed geometric axis relative to the housing 'and contains a curved track; a sliding body, the sliding system is firmly coupled to the second arc contactor and operates The upper line fits the track, and a connecting rod, the rotating joint of the connecting rod is arranged on the cam, and is connected to a part firmly coupled with the nozzle. By judiciously choosing the shape of the curved track, the speed ratio 値 required during the opening and closing strokes can be obtained very simply. 16 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -------------------- Order ---- 1 ...- --- line (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 518624 A7 ___B7__ 5. Description of the Invention ((Lf) According to another specific embodiment, the transmission mechanism includes: a cam, the cam surrounds a relative The housing is pivoted by a fixed geometric axis and includes a first to curved track and a second curved track; a first sliding body, the sliding system is firmly coupled to the second arc contactor, and The upper system is fitted to the first track, and a connecting rod system is firmly coupled to the nozzle, and includes a second sliding body which is operatively fitted to the second rail. This mechanism has the advantage that the connecting rod system can perform direct guidance. Advantageously, the nozzle contains a neck to form a first gas flow path for the gas to expand from the arc inside the housing. The chamber flows into a gas expansion chamber, As long as the first contact mechanism is located between the closed position and a four-transient index P6, the first gas flow channel is closed at least in part by a second arc contactor. The aforementioned fourth transient index position P 6 is located between the temporarily separated position P 3 and the open position of the first and second arc contactors. Preferably, the device includes a second gas flow path for gas Circulation between the arc expansion chamber and the gas expansion chamber in the housing. The second gas flow channel is provided with a time delay valve, as long as the first contact mechanism is located between the closed position and a fifth index position P4, The time-delay valve is kept closed, and the aforementioned fifth index position P 4 is located between the temporary separation position P 3 and the open position of the first and second arc contactors. The two gas Π ----- --------------- Order --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The size of the paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 male 518624 A7 _____ B7 _ — — — V. Description of the invention (( <) Bulk channels are competing with each other, which allows the gas blowing rate to be increased by 1 °. The time delay valve allows the time to start to open the gas channel after the arc contactor is separated. The time interval between the arc contactor separation and the door opening is used to make the gas expansion chamber induced by the piston and the discharge spark caused between the two arc contactors due to the separation of the arc contactor. The increase in pressure continues. Advantageously, 'the fourth index position P 6 is located between the fifth index position P 4 and the open position. In other words, when the opening sequence of the mechanism is performed, the opening of the second runner is preceded by the opening of the first runner. Preferably, the second index position P 5 is located near the fourth index position P 6 and the fifth index position P 4. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first arc contactor includes There is a tube, and the gas flow path passes through the tube. < Brief description of the drawings > Other advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of specific embodiments of the present invention, but these specific embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention, but rather To illustrate the principle and features of the present invention, in these drawings: FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a circuit breaker according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The circuit breaker in the figure is in an open state. FIG. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of the top portion of the circuit breaker in FIG. 1 ′ The circuit breaker is in an open state. Figure 3 is an axial sectional view of the bottom part of the circuit breaker in Figure 1. 18 I —I— III · IIII-I 1 ^ · !! 1-II-- Page) This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 518624 A7 _B7__ V. Description of the invention d G) The circuit breaker is open. Fig. 4 is an axial sectional view of the top portion of the circuit breaker in Fig. 1, but the circuit breaker is in the closed position. FIG. 5 is an axial sectional view of the bottom portion of the circuit breaker in FIG. 1, but the circuit breaker is in a closed position. Fig. 6 is a graph in which different speed curves corresponding to the positions of the contact mechanism are plotted. FIG. 7 is a detailed explanatory diagram of a second specific embodiment of the present invention. < Description of component symbols > -------------------- Order --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 10 Housing 12 First contact mechanism 14 Operating mechanism 16 Nozzle 18 Second contact mechanism 2 0 Motion transmission mechanism 2 2 Fixed geometric reference axis 2 4 First fixed contactor 2 6 First arc contactor 2 8 Tulip flower pull Retractable contact claw 3 0 Retractable contact pad with cylindrical end 3 2 Neck 3 4 Flat bottom reamed recess 3 6 Flat bottom reamed recess 19 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 518624 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (0 3 8 4 0 4 1 4 2 4 4 4 6 4 8 5 0 5 2 5 4 5 6 5 8 6 0 6 1 6 2 6 4 6 6 7 0 7 2 7 4 7 6 7 8 8 0 8 2 Sliding contact wall Cylindrical collector Sliding contact ring Cylindrical head in compression chamber 圏 Piston arc expansion chamber Exhaust valve pipe Gas expansion chamber Round rod side opening Gas flow channel stamped bushing 塡Charge valve, relief valve, return spring, second fixed contactor, second arc contactor, contact claw, sliding contact head, metal finger, metal rod, radial rod -------- ^ --------- ( Please read the notes on the back before filling this page.) The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 518624 A7 __B7 V. Description of the invention 8 4 Pivot return cam 8 6 Transfer connecting rod 8 8 Crown element 8 9 Fixed geometric pivot axis 9 0 Roller 9 2 Sickle-shaped curved groove 9 4 Stroke return spring 12 0 Transmission mechanism 18 4 Cam 18 6 Connecting rod 19 0 a Roller 19 0 b Roller 19 2 a orbit 19 2 b orbit P 1 first transient index position P 2 temporary separation position of first and second fixed contactors P 3 temporary separation position of first and second arc contactors P 4 fifth index position P 5 The second index position P 6 The fourth index position P 7 The third index position Μι The mass of the first activity assembly M2 The mass of the second activity assembly V 1 Speed modulus 21 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this Page) This paper size is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 518624 A7 _B7 _ ^ _ 5. Description of the invention ("]) V2 speed modulus. < Detailed description of the preferred embodiment > Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 5. From these drawings, a high-voltage circuit breaker can be seen. In this embodiment, the circuit breaker is Circuit breakers designed to be used for voltages exceeding 36 volts are immersed in a casing 10 filled with a high dielectric (insulation) strength gas. Such a high dielectric strength gas may be, for example, sulfur hexafluoride S Fe, and the housing 10 is provided with a first contact mechanism 12 pushed by the operating mechanism 14 inside the housing 10, and one is firmly bonded to the first The nozzle 16 above the contact mechanism 12 and a second contact mechanism 18 capable of moving together with the nozzle 16 by the motion transmission mechanism 20. The housing 10 enables a fixed geometric reference axis 22 to be defined, and forms an axis used as a moving movable part. The first contact mechanism 12—a detailed structure that can be viewed from FIGS. 2 and 4—contains a cylindrical fixed contactor 24 and a fixed contactor 24 arranged inside the fixed contactor 24 and placed in fixed contact Contactors 2 4 have arc contactors 2 6 having the same central axis. The arc contactor 2 6 is also in the shape of a tube and is provided with a tulip flower-shaped contraction contact claw 2 8 at its free end. The tulip flower-shaped contraction contact claw 2 8 is contacted by a number of rows arranged in a corolla shape. Refers to the composition. The fixed contactor 2 4 itself is provided with a cylindrical end-pull-down contact pad 30, which enables the fixed contactor 24 to cooperate with the second contact mechanism 18. The arc contactor 26 and the fixed contactor 2 4 series 22 The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ----------------- --- Order --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 518624 A7 —___ B7 __—— —— V. Description of the Invention (〆) They are closely linked to each other, and The operating mechanism 14 is driven together. The nozzle 16 is formed of a part made of an insulating material. 'This insulating material can be, for example, Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene insulating material).' This enables degassing when electrical sparks occur. The tulip flower-shaped draw-down contact claw 2 which is fixed on an inner surface of the fixed contactor 24 and is placed on the cylindrical end pull-down contact pad 30 of the fixed contactor 24 and the arc contactor 26. Between 8. The nozzle 1 6 forms a neck portion 3 between two flat-bottomed reaming depressions 3 4 and 3 6. The pull-out contact 蛰 30 from the cylindrical end of the fixed contactor 2 4 extends to A cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the sliding contact wall 38. The cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the sliding contact wall 38 is a cylinder fixed to the housing 10 to support and guide the movement of the first contact mechanism 12. The cylindrical collector 40 slides inside the same central axis, and the cylindrical collector 40 is provided with a sliding contact ring 1 41 so that when the fixed contactor 24 is translated, the fixed contactor 24 and Electrical contact is made between the cylindrical collectors 40. The cylindrical collector 40 defines an inner compression chamber 4 2 which is tightly sealed by a cylindrical head 4 4. The fixed contactor 24 is provided on its axial end which penetrates into the inside of the cylindrical collector 40 with a piston 4 6 which connects the inner compression chamber 4 2 with a fixed contactor 2 in a radial direction. The cylindrical sliding contact wall 3 of 4 is the arc expansion chamber 4 8 separated by the boundary, and another 23 wood paper dimensions on the fixed contactor 2 4 axis which is opposite to the piston 4 6 are applicable to Chinese national standards (CNS ) A4 size (210 X 297 mm) -------------------- Order --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling (This page) 518624 A7 ^ _B7_ ___ V. Description of the invention) The end is set to nozzle 16. The piston 46 is provided with a discharge valve 50, which will open when the pressure in the internal compression chamber 42 becomes greater than the pressure in the arc expansion chamber 48. The piston 4 6 is firmly coupled to the fixed contactor 24 and the first arc contactor 26, and the piston 4 6 provides a current between the fixed contactor 24 and the arc contactor 26. path. The arc contactor 26 forms a tube 5 2 which passes through the piston 46 and the cylindrical head 4 4 and protrudes into a gas expansion chamber 5 4 surrounded by a closed casing 10. The gas expansion chamber 5 4 occupies all the available space inside the casing 10 and extends all the way to the flat bottom reamed depression 36. The end of the tube 5 2 is fixed to a round rod 56 and forms an output portion of the driving operation mechanism 1 4. A plurality of side openings 5 8 are provided at the end of the tube 5 2, so that a gas flow channel 60 is formed between the arc expansion chamber 48 and the gas expansion chamber 5 4 and penetrates the tube. 5 2 inside. However, a stamped bushing 6 1 is firmly bonded to the cylindrical head 4 4 'When in the closed position shown in FIG. 4, the stamped bushing 6 1 tightly covers the side opening 5 8 So as to act as a time-delay valve. The cylindrical head 4 4 is provided with a filling valve 62 and a relief valve 64. When the pressure in the inner compression chamber 42 is lower than the pressure in the gas expansion chamber 54, the filling valve 62 is used to communicate between the gas expansion chamber 54 and the inner compression chamber 42. The passage. When the pressure difference between the inner compression chamber 4 2 and the gas expansion chamber 54 is greater than a relief activation threshold 决定 determined by the return spring 6 6 of the valve 6 4, the drag valve 6 4 is used as 24 from the inner compression chamber 4 2 to the gas expansion chamber 5 4 _ Wood paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -------- ^- -------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 518624 A7 ______R7 __ ____ 5. Description of the invention (ll) Channel. The detailed structure of the second contact mechanism 18 can be observed one by one in FIGS. 3 and 5. It is composed of a second fixed contactor 70 and a second arc contactor 72 which are firmly combined with each other. Constituted. The second fixed contactor 70 is formed by a tubular metal member with a through hole, and a free end is provided with a finger-like contact claw 74 like a tulip. The second fixed contactor 70 is moved in an axial direction inside a fixed collector 74 provided with a sliding contact head 76, and the aforementioned sliding contact head 76 is when the fixed contact claw 74 is moved in translation. It is possible to maintain electrical contact between the fixed contactor 70 and the collector 74. The second arc contactor 72 forms a metal finger 7 8 made of metal. The inner diameter of the metal finger 7 8 is the same as the inner diameter of the neck of the nozzle, and a metal rod 80 is extended to the rear. The arc contactor 72 and the fixed contactor 70 are fixedly connected to each other by a radial rod 82, which also ensures that a current can be passed between the two contactors 70 and 72. The motion transmission mechanism 20 includes a pivoting return cam 8 4. The pivoting return cam 8 4 cooperates with one axial end of a metal rod 80 of the arc contactor 72 and a small transmission connecting rod 86. . The pivoting return cam 8 4 pivots around a fixed geometric pivot axis 8 9 perpendicular to the fixed geometric reference axis 22. The pivot joint of the transfer connecting rod 86 is connected to the pivoting return cam 8 4 and is connected to a crown-shaped element 8 8 mounted on the axial end of the nozzle 16. The arc contactor 72 is provided with a roller 90 at the axial end, and the roller 90 has a sliding wooden ruler of 25 wood paper. Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21G X 297 public love) '' --- ----- Order --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 518624 A7 ____B7_ V. Description of the invention (1) Function of the moving body 'and can be installed in the pivot The turning cam 82 is operated by a track formed by a sickle-shaped curved groove 92. One end of the stroke return spring 94 can drive the radial rod 8 2 and the second contact mechanism 18 to return to the closed position. The operation method of the device of the present invention is as follows: In the closed position in FIGS. 4 and 5, the contact claws 7 4 of the second fixed contactor 70 clamp the outer peripheral edge 3 0 of the first fixed contactor 24 and provide One passes through the first collector 40, the sliding contact ring 圏 1, the first fixed contactor 2 4, the contact claw 74, the second fixed contactor 70, the sliding contact head 76, and the second collector 7 6 current path. The metal fingers 7 8 forming the ends of the second arc contactor 72 penetrate deeply into the first arc contactor 26 and block the tube 52. The tulip flower-shaped contraction contact claw 28 of the first arc contactor 26 holds the metal finger 7 8 and forms a current path between the first and second collectors. This metal finger 78 blocks the end of the tube 52 formed by the first arc contactor 26, so that a gas column contained in the tube 52 is sealed. The metal finger 7 8 also occupies the entire internal space of the neck 32, so that it also at least partially closes the arc expansion chamber at this height 4 8 ° when the device of the invention is opened. The mechanism 14 continuously drives the first contact mechanism 12 continuously, so that it changes from the closed position shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 to the open position described in FIGS. 1 to 3. The motion of the first contact mechanism 12 is transmitted to the second contact mechanism 18 through the nozzle 16 and the motion transmission mechanism 20. The paper size is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297). ) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) tr --------- 518624 B7 V. Description of the invention (4) In order to explain this opening action more accurately, use X in Figure 6 The axis represents the movement of the first contact mechanism 12 and other curves: the representative curve of the speed of the first contact mechanism 12 (curve A), the representative curve of the speed of the second contact mechanism 18 (curve B), the first contact mechanism 12 The representative curve (curve C) of the ratio between the speed of the second contact mechanism 18 and the speed of the second contact mechanism 18 is plotted on the diagram to illustrate the relative contact of these components with respect to the first contact mechanism 12 of the cylindrical collector 40. Mobile relationship. The shape of the pivoting return cam 84 is designed to allow the second contact mechanism 18 to remain virtually immobile during the first stage, so that the entire energy of the operating mechanism 14 is used to accelerate the first The purpose of the contact mechanism 12. In other words, if we take the modulus of the velocity of the first contact mechanism 12 as 乂 i and the modulus of the velocity of the second contact mechanism 18 as Vs, then the ratio of Vs / Vi approaches zero, 5。 As long as the first contact mechanism 12 is between the closed position and the first transient indexed position represented by Pi in the figure, the ratio is less than 0.5 in any case. After exceeding Pi, the first contact mechanism 12 reaches a separate position P 2 of the fixed contactors 24 and 70, which is about 10% of their entire travel. The pivoting return cam 84 has been rotated by several angles, so that the speed transmission ratio V 2 / V 1 increases very quickly and exceeds 1. When the first contact mechanism 12 reaches a position P 3, in this position, they are separated from the second arc contactor 72, which already covers about 30% of their entire opening stroke, and the speed ratio exceeds 1.5. After that, the relative separation speed of this arc contactor-here it is equal to V 1 plus V 2-27. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) " " " " --------------------- ^ --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page} 518624 B7 五, Invention description ( <) One is very high. The ratio of v2 / Vi remains larger than 1.5 and lasts for about 0.5 to 3 milliseconds (ms), so that the arc contactors 26 and 7 2 can produce a very high-speed separation action. Then, when the first contact mechanism reaches a At the position P 5, this V 2 / V i ratio 値 reaches the maximum 値. As long as the speed ratio 値 remains greater than 1, the lighter contact mechanisms one by one means: the second contact mechanism 18, because the second contact mechanism 18 does not need to support the acceleration effect of the nozzle 16-- Better than the movement of the heavier contactor Feng Yan (that is, the first contact mechanism 1 2). This unbalanced biasing effect allows the relative speed V 1 + V 2 of the movable assembly to be separated at the stage when the arc contactors are separated for a whole mechanical force of a known magnitude provided by the operating mechanism 14. Reached the maximum. Indeed, if we make the mechanical system involved a simplified system model, the maximum speed can be obtained from the following formula: d (V1 + V2) / dt = 〇, that is: d V i = — d V 2 〇 As a first approximation 値, the minimum force is obtained from the following formula: dW = MiVidVi + M2V2dV2 = 0 where M 1 is the mass of the moving element, which is firmly bonded to the first contact The sum of the masses on the mechanism 12 is: the total mass of the fixed contactor 2 4, the arc contactor 2 6, the round rod 5 6, the nozzle 16, and the crown element 8 8 as a first approximation 値, and where % 2 is the mass of the moving elements that are solidly combined with the first contact mechanism 18. These moving elements are, for example: fixed contactor 7 0, arc contactor 7 2 28. The paper standard applies to Zhongguanjia standard ( CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 male t) '~-C Please read the intentions on the back, write this page > -------- Order ----- 518624 ___B7____ V. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (> ^), and radial rod 82. Then we get:
Ml V1-M2 ν2= Ο 這等於：V 2/V i 因而，這個簡化的系統模型——在這個模型裏並不把 移動傳遞機構的移動質量考慮在內——顯示出··若是’我 們要在動能維持在最小的時候，同時使相對速度Vi+ V2 達到最大，對我們最有利的方式是讓速度比V2/VA接近 於第一和第二接觸機構之活動組合件的移動質量比例Mi/ M2。在實際上，第一活動組合件的質量Μ: —一該質量也 包含管嘴的質量一一始終是大於第二活動組合件的質量Μ2 。這個Mi/Ms比例値將是經常維持在相對高的水平，大 約是1.5至2，以致於要使Vs/Vi的比例値等於這些質 量的比例値將是很困難的。因而，我們要在電弧接觸器分 開之後的數個毫秒裏要讓Vs/Vi的比例大於1.2，或是 更佳地，大於1 .5。 該傳遞凸輪8 4的形狀係被設計成：能夠在第一接觸 機構已經涵蓋它們開啓行程的大約5 0%的時候，V V 丄的速度比回降到1以下，並且快速地減少。當該第一接觸 機構通過過渡位置P 7的時候，速度比回降到低於〇 .5以 下，並且在大約9 0 %的開啓行程的時候，其變成零。 這個對於開啓動作所作的純粹屬於運動學理的說明使 得不同的階段能夠被區分出來。 在到達P i以前，初始的移動使得由操作機構1 4所 29 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱1 一 " " --------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 B7 五、發明說明（： 傳遞的全部能量能夠被分派給第一接觸機構1 2，而〜個| 泵吸效應（pumping effect)也能夠被快速地觸發。〜巨活 塞的移動在內壓縮腔室4 2裏產生一個較電弧膨膜腔室^ 8裏爲高的壓力的時候，該排放閥5 0即打開，而原= 內壓縮腔室4 2裏的氣體開始進入到電弧膨膜腔念:^ 面。然後，當金屬接觸指7 8堵塞住穿過管子〜8裏 一 b 2內部的 氣體逃離通道6 0並且堵塞住通過頸部3 2的來跡、= 心幻逃離通道的 時候，在電弧膨脹腔室4 8裏的壓力開始增加。 當該固定接觸器2 4和7 0在Ρ 2的位窗_ 鼯分離開的 時候，穿過固定接觸器2 4和7 0的電流路徑即被截斷： 然而，穿過該電弧接觸器2 6和7 2的輔助電流路徑繼續 存在，因爲金屬指7 8仍然部份地啣接在鬱金香 縮接觸爪2 8裏面’以致於’在到達電弧接觸器的分離^ 置Ρ 3以前，在固定接觸器2 4和7 0之間沒有電火花被^ 出。在該電弧膨脹腔室4 8裏的壓力持續攀升。彳足胃丨立g p 3開始，開啓動作的繼續與否主要將視：_啓時 斷路器裏的電流類型而定。在一個短線路的電流裏，打開 這樣的電路將不同於打開一個過載電流和打開—個電容電 流。 當電路斷路器打開一個交流電短電路鼇流的時候，在 該電弧接觸器2 6和7 2之間一旦分離開，在這兩個電弧 接觸器之間會產生一個非常活躍的電火花，而，這個電火 花佔據了所有的可使用空間，以致於，在電弧膨膜腔室4 8裏的壓力明顯上升。更進一步地，該電火花引起管嘴i 30 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 x 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂--------- 518624 A7 _B7_ 五、發明說明（β) 6的氣體生成材料（gas-generating material )的除氣（ degassing)作用，誘導電弧膨脹腔室4 8裏的壓力再次上 升。當電弧接觸器2 6和7 2分開的時候，該延遲閥6 1 仍然覆蓋在側邊開孔5 8上，以致於氣體被關鎖在電弧膨 脹腔室4 8裏面，更進一步地增加了其壓力。在再經過數 公分的行程之後，到達屬6裏曲線的P 4點，這些側邊開孔 58即被打開，而原先鎖關在電弧膨脹腔室48裏的氣體 經由電弧接觸器2 6的管子5 2內部逃離到氣體擴張腔室 5 4。一旦該電弧接觸器7 2移動到頸部3 2下方，也就 是：到達圖6裏的曲線中點P 6的位置，該金屬指7 8 — 一 直到現在，該金屬指7 8仍堵塞住頸部--打開了另一個 路徑，以便讓電弧膨脹腔室48裏的氣體經由頸部32流 入到氣體擴張腔室5 4裏面。然而，這些出口不足以達到 能夠明顯降低電弧膨脹腔室4 8裏的壓力的程度，以致於 電弧膨脹腔室4 8裏的壓力超過了內壓縮腔室4 2裏的壓 力，而排放閥5 0關閉。當這個開啓動作繼續的時候，該 活塞4 6壓擠內壓縮腔室4 2裏的氣體，直到到達了一個 放洩門檻値--超過這個放洩門檻値，洩放閥6 4就會打 開，使內壓縮腔室4 2裏的氣體能夠被排除到氣體擴張腔 室5 4裏，以致於不會阻滯到開啓動作的繼續。然後，當 電流橫越零値的時候，電火花熄滅。然而，電弧膨脹腔室 4 8裏的壓力沒有足夠快的下降以使得排放閥5 0能夠再 次打開。因而，在這個作業模式裏，該電弧膨脹腔室4 8 和內壓縮腔室4 2保持在分開的狀態直到開啓動作結束。 31 衣紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐) -------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 B7 五、發明說明（y 當弟一接觸機構已滿芸了 Ρ們的 、 传匕猶盍r匕们耵開啓行程的百分之五十的 時細’速度比V 2 / V 1植Γ51至丨丨Ί γ / V 1捍回到1以下，並且快速地減少。 田個A C電源的過載電流之電路斷路器打開的時候 ’旦电弧接觸器（在點P 3的位驗）分離開，在電弧接觸 器之間就會產》-個觀。_補—階段結束 時盛行在電弧膨脹腔室4 8裏的高壓力’電火花承受到強 大的限制。^進而，被壓縮的氣體比沒有被加壓的氣體提 供了-個較_的熱自量(calorific Capacity)，使胃因電火花 而產生的熱氣體能夠被更有效地被吹出。該電火花釋放出 大量的能量，道些能量引起管嘴丨6的氣體產生材料之除 氣作用，誘導電弧膨脹腔室4 8裏的壓力產生出一個額外 的壓力增加，以致於排放閥5 0重行關閉。該氣體的排放 被延遲直到點P 4的時候側邊開孔5 8被打開爲止。關鎖在 該膨脹室裏的氣體經由電弧接觸器管子的內部逃離到氣體 膨脹室裏。一旦該電弧接觸室已移動到頸部以下，超越了 點P 6，該氣體也逃向管嘴1 6的底部。當電流跨越了零値 ，電火花被熄滅。若是由電火花釋放出的能量不是太大， 電弧膨脹腔室4 8裏的壓力便快速地下降，使得該排放閥 5 0被重行打開。當該第一接觸機構已經覆蓋住大約百分 之五十的開啓行程的時候，速度比V2/V i落回到1以下 ，並且快速地減少。在這個階段裏’操作機構1 4可被使 用的能量因而再次被用在對第一接觸機構12作特別加速 之目的，因而也對內壓縮腔室4 2裏的活塞4 6作特別加 速之目的。乾淨的新鮮氣體因而再次從該內壓縮腔室4 2 32 衣纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 x 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂---- 518624 _____— —_B7__ 五、發明說明（I ) 被引導向電弧膨脹腔室4 8和電弧接觸器2 6和72，直 到開啓動作結束爲止，防止在電弧接觸器之間再度發生火 -f-f- 化0 當在點P 3裏分離開的電弧接觸器打開一個內部流通 著微弱電流之電容電路的時候，根據電容性測試的條件， 在該電弧接觸器2 6和7 2之間產生一個相對微弱的電火 花。由於絕緣氣體的優良絕緣特性，這個電火花幾乎立即 自行熄滅。該電流被中斷，而在該接觸機構1 2和1 8之 間的電壓開始很快速地上升。由於內壓縮腔室4 2裏的活 塞4 6之移動，新鮮之氣體不斷地流入到電弧膨脹腔室4 8裏面’在該電弧膨脹腔室4 8裏，壓力上升。一旦側邊 開孔5 8不再受到衝壓襯套6 1的遮蓋（即是，點P 4的位 置）’這些氣體經由管子52逃離到氣體擴張腔室54裏 面。爲了防止在接觸機構1 2和1 8之間再度發生電火花 ，在接觸機構12和18之間的電壓要維持在低於擊穿電 壓（disruptive voltage)是很重要的。然而，在所涉及的操 作範圍裏，帕邢定律（Paschen’s law)指出：擊穿電壓是 氣體壓力和兩電極板（或兩電弧接觸器）之間距離乘積的 遞增函數（increasing function)。因而，極重要的事是： 在電火花被熄滅的時候，要讓擊穿電壓是高的且能很快速 地增加——在任何情況裏要比電弧接觸器之間的電壓上升 更爲快速。 這事實上正是先前說明的運動特性所達到的境界。對 應於速度比V 2/V i的最大値之點p 5事實上是位在電弧 33 衣紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 x 297公釐） ^ " --------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 B7 五、發明說明（今\) 接觸器分離開的P 3點和開啓位置之間。另外，該點對應到 大於1之速度比，這使得較輕的接觸機構，也就是不支撐 管嘴1 6的第二接觸機構1 8，能夠被快速地加速，使較 輕的接觸機構超越較重的接觸機構，也就是，超越較重的 第一接觸機構1 2。這種不平衡的偏頗作用’如同先前的 說明，使得對於一個已知的由操作機構1 4所供給的整體 機械作用力，活動組合件的相對速度V i + V 2能夠達到最 大的程度。 因而，與增加嘎活塞4 6的速度正相反的是，在這個 階段裏，我們被引導向特許增加這些電弧接觸器的相對分 開速度Vi + V2。換句話說，假如，我們參考帕邢定律， 增加接觸器之間的距離是勝於增加壓力。然而其應該被觀 察到：該活塞4 6在內壓縮腔室4 2裏的移動是足以維持 或甚至稍微增加使電弧膨脹腔室4 8裏有較氣體擴張腔室 5 4爲高的壓力，儘管氣體連續不斷地通過電弧接觸器2 6的管子5 2進入到氣體擴張腔室5 4，因爲該活塞4 6 的作用面係大於管子5 2的內剖面的。但是，至遲當金屬 接觸指7 8從管嘴的頸部3 2釋放出來並且打開穿過頸部 3 2的氣體流動路徑的時候，在該氣體擴張腔室5 4裏的 壓力上升會因氣體流動路徑而受阻。 當該第一接觸機構已到達它們開啓行程的百分之五十 的時候，在接觸器之間的距離足以防止在電容性測試條件 之下發生任何電弧火花。由內壓縮腔室4 2流出到電弧膨 脹腔室4 8裏的氣體流動繼續進行直到開啓動作結束。 34 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（21〇 X 297公釐) --------^--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 ________ B7____ 五、發明說明（^) / 在超過點P 7之後，並且在所有開啓條件之下，淸潔 的新鮮氣體從該內壓縮腔室4 2被引導向電弧膨脹腔室4 8，以及被引導向電弧接觸器2 6和7 2，直到開啓動作 結束，防止在電弧接觸器之間發生任何電弧火花。更進一 步地，第二接觸機構的移動端是被用來壓擠行程復歸彈簧 9 4〇 關閉動作是以相反的方式進行。已經被注意到：那時 ，該塡充閥6 2啓動，以使得內壓縮腔室4 2能夠進行塡 充作業。在關閉行程初始的首先百分之十部份，該第二接 觸機構1 8開始移動，然後，該行程復歸彈簧9 4防止動 作傳遞機構2 0有任何阻礙。 自然地，有許多種修飾是可能的。 (在點P4的位置）利用該延時閥61開啓側邊開孔 5 8是發生在這些接觸器分離開之後（在曲線上的點P 3的 位置），並且，較佳地，在管嘴的頸部開啓（在點P 6的位 置）以前發生，因爲，較佳的方式是要首先打開具有較小 流道斷面的氣體流動路徑--也就是指：氣體流道6 0。 點P 4、點P 6、和決定最大速度比例的點P 5若是保持彼 此相互靠近的關係，則，點P 4和點P 6相對於點P 5的位 置並不是非常重要的事。根據圖6之說明圖表的一個可供 選擇使用的第一替代性方式，該點P 6可以被設置在點P 4 和點P 5之間。根據另一個替代性方法，點P 4可以被置於 點P 5點P 6之間。在某些應用裏，可能完全不需要使用到 延時閥6 1，因此，在點P 3的位置，一旦金屬接觸指7 8 35 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 __B7 ___ 五、發明說明（l7；) 從側邊開孔5 8上移開以後，氣體流道6 0便立即開放， 我們知道在關閉位置上該金屬指7 8阻塞住管子5 2。 也可以設置不同結構的傳遞機構來獲得一個與第一具 體實施例完全一致的速度曲線圖。圖7代表一個第二具體 實施例的細部說明，其中，該傳遞機構1 2 0包含一個凸 輪1 8 4，該凸輪1 8 4在操作上一方面配合電弧接觸器 8 0的一個端部，另一方面配合一個連接桿1 8 6。該電 弧接觸器8 0的端部如同在第一具體實施例裏一樣設有一 個滾子1 9 0 a，該滾子1 9 0 a具有滑動體的功能，且 操作上配合一個由設於凸輪1 8 4裏的曲線溝槽構成的軌 道1 9 2 a。同樣地，該連接桿1 8 6在其端部設有一個 滾子1 9 0 b，該滾子1 9 0 b具有滑動體的功能，並且 在操作上配合一個由設於凸輪1 8 4裏的彎溝狀的第二曲 溝槽形成的軌道1 9 2 b。這兩個軌道1 9 2 a和1 9 2 b的形狀是被特別選定，以獲得與在第一具體實施例裏所 說明的相同類型之速度比。此一電路斷路器第二具體實施 例裏的其它元件是與第一具體實施例裏的完全相同。 然而，更有可能地，可在本發明之裝置裏設置一個閥 門，用來關閉靠近接觸指的管子，而不是使用衝壓襯套6 1，以便甚至更進一步地在開啓動作的初始階段，特別是 在電容性測試條件下加強膨脹腔室裏的增壓作用。 在所描述的具體實施例裏，固定接觸器7 0係活動的 ，並且係被牢固地結合到電弧接觸器7 2上。其亦是能夠 被想像出設置一種靜止的固定接觸器7 0和只單獨受動作 36 &氏張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐) " " --------^--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 518624 A7 _B7_ 五、發明說明 傳遞機構2 0帶動的電弧接觸器7 2。 37 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ---------訂---------線赢 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐）Ml V1-M2 ν2 = 〇 This is equal to: V 2 / V i Therefore, this simplified system model—in this model, the moving mass of the mobile transmission mechanism is not taken into account—shows that if “we want When the kinetic energy is kept at the minimum and the relative speed Vi + V2 is maximized, the most beneficial way for us is to make the speed ratio V2 / VA close to the moving mass ratio Mi / M2 of the movable assembly of the first and second contact mechanism. . In practice, the mass M of the first movable assembly: the mass also includes the mass of the nozzle, which is always greater than the mass M2 of the second movable assembly. This Mi / Ms ratio 经常 will often be maintained at a relatively high level, approximately 1.5 to 2, so that it will be difficult to make the ratio Vs / Vi 値 equal to the ratio of these qualities. Therefore, we need to make the Vs / Vi ratio greater than 1.2, or more preferably, greater than 1.5 within a few milliseconds after the arc contactor is separated. The shape of the transmission cam 84 is designed to be able to reduce the speed ratio of V V 丄 to less than 1 when the first contact mechanism has covered approximately 50% of their opening stroke, and to decrease rapidly. When the first contact mechanism passed the transition position P 7, the speed ratio fell back below 0.5, and it became zero at about 90% of the opening stroke. This purely kinematic explanation of the opening action allows the different stages to be distinguished. Before reaching P i, the initial movement made the 29-paper size of the operating mechanism 1 4 and 29 applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 Public Love 1-" " --------- ----------- Order --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 518624 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (: All the energy transferred can be distributed Give the first contact mechanism 12 and ~~ | The pumping effect can also be triggered quickly. ~ The movement of the giant piston produces an arc-expanded chamber in the inner compression chamber 4 2 ^ 8 miles When the pressure is high, the discharge valve 50 is opened, and the gas in the original compression chamber 4 2 starts to enter the arc expansion membrane cavity. Then, when the metal contact fingers 7 8 block and penetrate When the gas passing through the tube ~ 8-b2 escapes the channel 60 and blocks the passage through the neck 32, = the psychic escape channel, the pressure in the arc expansion chamber 48 begins to increase. When this When the fixed contactors 24 and 70 are separated from the bit window _ of P2, the current path through the fixed contactors 24 and 70 is cut off: However The auxiliary current path through the arc contactors 26 and 72 continues to exist because the metal fingers 7 8 are still partially engaged in the tulip contact claws 28 so that they reach the separation of the arc contactors. Before P 3, no electric spark was discharged between the fixed contactors 24 and 70. The pressure in the arc expansion chamber 48 continues to rise. The stomach starts to stand and gp 3 starts, and the opening action continues. Whether it depends or not depends on: _ the current type in the circuit breaker at the time of opening. In a short circuit current, opening such a circuit will be different from opening an overload current and opening a capacitor current. When the circuit breaker opens an AC current When the short circuit is flowing, once the arc contactors 26 and 72 are separated, a very active electric spark will be generated between the two arc contactors, and this electric spark occupies all The space can be used, so that the pressure in the arc-expanding chamber 48 is significantly increased. Furthermore, the electric spark causes the nozzle i 30 wood paper size to comply with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm) Centimeter (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -------- Order --------- 518624 A7 _B7_ V. Gas-generating material of invention description (β) 6 The degassing effect of material) induces the pressure in the arc expansion chamber 48 to rise again. When the arc contactors 26 and 72 are separated, the delay valve 6 1 still covers the side opening 5 8 So that the gas is trapped inside the arc expansion chamber 48, which further increases its pressure. After a few centimeters of travel, point P 4 of the six-mile curve is reached. These side openings 58 are opened, and the gas originally locked in the arc expansion chamber 48 passes through the arc contactor 26's tube. 5 2 escapes internally to the gas expansion chamber 5 4. Once the arc contactor 7 2 moves below the neck 32, that is, the position of the point P 6 in the curve in FIG. 6 is reached, the metal finger 7 8 — until now, the metal finger 7 8 is still blocking the neck -Opens another path to allow the gas in the arc expansion chamber 48 to flow into the gas expansion chamber 54 through the neck 32. However, these outlets are not sufficient to significantly reduce the pressure in the arc expansion chamber 48, so that the pressure in the arc expansion chamber 48 exceeds the pressure in the inner compression chamber 42, and the discharge valve 50 shut down. When this opening action is continued, the piston 46 squeezes the gas in the inner compression chamber 42 until it reaches a relief threshold 値-above this relief threshold 値, the relief valve 64 will open, The gas in the inner compression chamber 42 can be eliminated into the gas expansion chamber 54 so as not to block the continuation of the opening action. Then, when the current crosses zero, the spark is extinguished. However, the pressure in the arc expansion chamber 48 did not drop quickly enough to allow the discharge valve 50 to open again. Therefore, in this operation mode, the arc expansion chamber 4 8 and the inner compression chamber 42 are kept in a separated state until the opening operation is completed. 31 Applicable paper size for China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ------------------- Order --------- ( Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 518624 A7 B7 V. Invention Description (y When the younger contact institution is full, the passers are still 50% of the opening stroke When the speed ratio of V 2 / V 1 is set to Γ51 to 丨 丨 Ί γ / V 1 is maintained below 1, and it is rapidly reduced. When the circuit breaker of the overload current of Tian Ge AC power supply is opened, once the arc contacts (The inspection at point P 3) is separated, and it will be produced between the arc contactors. A view. At the end of the phase, the high-pressure 'electric spark that prevails in the arc expansion chamber 48 is tolerated. Powerful limitation. ^ Furthermore, the compressed gas provides a more calorific capacity than the non-pressurized gas, so that the hot gas generated by the electric spark in the stomach can be blown out more effectively. The electric spark releases a large amount of energy, and this energy causes the degassing effect of the gas generating material in the nozzle, and induces the pressure in the arc expansion chamber 48. An additional pressure increase is generated, so that the discharge valve 50 is closed again. The discharge of the gas is delayed until the side opening 5 8 is opened at the point P 4. The gas locked in the expansion chamber passes through the arc The inside of the contactor tube escapes into the gas expansion chamber. Once the arc contact chamber has moved below the neck, beyond point P 6, the gas also escapes to the bottom of the nozzle 16. When the current crosses zero 値, the electricity The spark is extinguished. If the energy released by the electric spark is not too large, the pressure in the arc expansion chamber 48 will quickly drop, so that the discharge valve 50 is reopened. When the first contact mechanism has covered about At 50% of the opening stroke, the speed ratio V2 / V i falls below 1 and decreases rapidly. At this stage, the energy that can be used by the 'operating mechanism 1 4' is thus used again for the first The contact mechanism 12 is used for special acceleration, and therefore the piston 46 in the inner compression chamber 4 2 is also used for special acceleration. Clean fresh gas is again used from the inner compression chamber 4 2 32 National Standard (CNS) A4 Specification (210 x 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -------- Order ---- 518624 _____— —_B7__ 5. Description of the invention ( I) is directed to the arc expansion chamber 48 and the arc contactors 26 and 72 until the end of the opening action to prevent recurrence of fire between the arc contactors -ff- 0. When separated at point P 3 When the arc contactor opens a capacitor circuit with a weak current flowing in it, a relatively weak electric spark is generated between the arc contactors 26 and 72 according to the conditions of the capacitive test. Due to the excellent insulation properties of the insulating gas, this spark extinguished itself almost immediately. The current is interrupted, and the voltage between the contact mechanisms 12 and 18 begins to rise very quickly. Due to the movement of the piston 46 in the inner compression chamber 42, fresh gas continuously flows into the arc expansion chamber 48. In the arc expansion chamber 48, the pressure rises. Once the side openings 5 8 are no longer covered by the stamped bushing 61 (i.e., the location of point P 4) 'these gases escape through the tube 52 into the gas expansion chamber 54. In order to prevent re-sparking between the contact mechanisms 12 and 18, it is important to maintain the voltage between the contact mechanisms 12 and 18 below the disruptive voltage. However, within the scope of operation involved, Paschen's law states that the breakdown voltage is an increasing function of the product of the gas pressure and the distance between the two electrode plates (or two arc contactors). Therefore, it is extremely important that when the spark is extinguished, the breakdown voltage is high and can be increased very quickly-in any case faster than the voltage rise between the arc contactors. This is, in fact, the realm of the previously described sports characteristics. Corresponding to the maximum point p 5 of the speed ratio V 2 / V i is actually located at the arc 33. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 x 297 mm) ^ " ----- --------------- Order --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 518624 B7 V. Description of the invention (today \) Contactor Divide between the left P 3 point and the open position. In addition, this point corresponds to a speed ratio greater than 1, which enables the lighter contact mechanism, that is, the second contact mechanism 18 that does not support the nozzle 16 to be rapidly accelerated, allowing the lighter contact mechanism to exceed the The heavy contact mechanism, that is, surpasses the heavier first contact mechanism 12. This unbalanced biasing effect 'is as described previously, so that for a known overall mechanical force provided by the operating mechanism 14, the relative speed V i + V 2 of the movable assembly can be maximized. Thus, as opposed to increasing the speed of the Ga piston 46, at this stage we are directed to increase the relative separation speed Vi + V2 of these arc contactors to the franchise. In other words, if we refer to Paschen's law, increasing the distance between contactors is better than increasing the pressure. However, it should be observed that the movement of the piston 46 in the inner compression chamber 42 is sufficient to maintain or even slightly increase the pressure in the arc expansion chamber 48 to be higher than that in the gas expansion chamber 54, although The gas continuously enters the gas expansion chamber 54 through the tube 52 of the arc contactor 26, because the active surface of the piston 46 is larger than the inner section of the tube 52. However, at the latest, when the metal contact fingers 7 8 are released from the neck 32 of the nozzle and the gas flow path through the neck 32 is opened, the pressure rise in the gas expansion chamber 54 may be caused by the gas. The flow path is blocked. When the first contact mechanism has reached fifty percent of their opening stroke, the distance between the contactors is sufficient to prevent any arcing from occurring under capacitive test conditions. The gas flow from the inner compression chamber 42 into the arc expansion chamber 48 continues until the opening operation is completed. 34 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (21〇X 297 mm) -------- ^ --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this Page) 518624 A7 ________ B7____ 5. Description of the invention (^) / After exceeding point P 7 and under all open conditions, clean fresh gas is guided from the inner compression chamber 4 2 to the arc expansion chamber 4 8, and are directed to the arc contactors 26 and 72 until the end of the opening action to prevent any arc sparks between the arc contactors. Further, the moving end of the second contact mechanism is used to squeeze the stroke return spring 9 40. The closing action is performed in the opposite manner. It has been noted that at that time, the filling valve 62 is activated to enable the filling operation of the inner compression chamber 42. At the first 10% of the initial part of the closing stroke, the second contact mechanism 18 starts to move, and then the stroke return spring 94 prevents the motion transmission mechanism 20 from any obstruction. Naturally, many modifications are possible. (Position at point P4) The use of the time delay valve 61 to open the side openings 58 occurs after the contactors are separated (at the position of point P3 on the curve), and, preferably, at the nozzle's The neck opening (before the point P 6) occurs before, because the better way is to first open the gas flow path with a smaller flow channel cross section-that is, the gas flow channel 60. If the points P4, P6, and P5 which determine the maximum speed ratio are kept close to each other, the positions of points P4 and P6 relative to point P5 are not very important. According to a first alternative way of using the explanatory diagram of Fig. 6, the point P 6 may be set between the points P 4 and P 5. According to another alternative method, point P 4 may be placed between point P 5 and point P 6. In some applications, it may not be necessary to use the time-delay valve 61. Therefore, at the position of point P 3, once the metal contact finger 7 8 35, this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm). (Li) ------------------- Order --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 518624 A7 __B7 ___ V. Description of the invention (l7;) After removing from the side opening 5 8, the gas flow path 60 is immediately opened. We know that the metal finger 7 8 blocks the tube 5 2 in the closed position. It is also possible to provide transmission mechanisms of different structures to obtain a speed profile which is completely consistent with the first specific embodiment. FIG. 7 represents a detailed description of a second specific embodiment, in which the transmission mechanism 120 includes a cam 1 84, and the cam 1 84 is operable to cooperate with one end of the arc contactor 80 on the one hand, and the other On the one hand, a connecting rod 1 8 6 is fitted. The end of the arc contactor 80 is provided with a roller 190a as in the first embodiment. The roller 190a has the function of a sliding body and is operatively matched with a roller provided on a cam. The track formed by the curved groove in 1 8 4 1 2 a. Similarly, the connecting rod 1 8 6 is provided at its end with a roller 19 0 b. The roller 1 9 0 b has the function of a sliding body and is operatively fitted with a cam provided in the cam 1 8 4 The curved groove-like second curved groove forms a track 1 9 2 b. The shapes of the two tracks 192a and 192b are specifically selected to obtain the same type of speed ratio as that described in the first embodiment. The other components in this second embodiment of the circuit breaker are exactly the same as those in the first embodiment. However, it is more likely that a valve may be provided in the device of the present invention to close the tube close to the contact finger, instead of using a stamped bushing 61, even in the initial stage of the opening action, especially Enhances the pressurization effect in the expansion chamber under capacitive test conditions. In the specific embodiment described, the fixed contactor 70 is movable and is firmly coupled to the arc contactor 72. It is also conceivable to set a stationary fixed contactor 70 and only act independently 36 & the Zhang scale is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) " " --- ----- ^ --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 518624 A7 _B7_ V. Description of the invention Arc contactor 72 driven by transmission mechanism 2 0. 37 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) --------- Order --------- Line Win This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)