US1849350A - Hydraulic needle nozzle - Google Patents

Description

March 15, 1932. E. c. HUTCHINSON HYDRAULIC NEEDLE NOZZLE Filed March 17, 1928 El 6. Hofc h/nson BY A TTORNEYS INVENTOR.

' known hydraulic principles.

prior needles have required frequent replaceadjustable needles.

Patented Mar. 15, 1932 7 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE" ELY c. HUTCHINSON, or AKLA D, C LIFORNIA. AssIeNOB. 'ro rnn rEL'roN WATER WHEEL COMPANY, or

V FORNIA SAN FRANCISCO, oanrronn'rn, A. CORPORATION OF CALI- HYDRAULIC NEEDLE Nozz -E'.

Application filed March 17,1928. Serial 110. 262,491.

This invention relates generally tothe construction of hydraulic needle nozzles, and particularly to the needle members employed in such devices.

In hydraulic installations, suchas hydroelectric plants, it is common'to utilize discharge nozzles having orifices controlled by In order to secure high efiiciency, the points of'these needles mustbe accurately shaped in accordance with Well In practice it has been found that the needle points and the correlated stationary portionsof the nozzles are subject to wear and erosion. Such wear may be due to a number of different causes, such as occurrence'aof abrasive materials or the presence of chemical substances in the water being discharged. Because of distortion of the needle points from their true hydraulic form thru wear or erosion,

ment in order to keep the nozzles operating at high efliciency. Loss in efficiency due to wear is particularly detrimental in large turbine' installations or where comparatively high water heads are employed.

It is an object of this invention to devise a needle construction for aneedle nozzle which will resist wear and erosion, and which will therefore maintain its operating effi ciency over comparatively long periods.

It is a further object of this invention to devise a needle construction which will permit the use of wear resisting material for the needle point without necessitating constructing the entireneedle body of such material. 3

It isa further objectof this invention to devise a novel needle construction for 'hy-' draulicno'zzles, which-will have a replaceable wear resisting point.

Further objects of the invention will appear from the following-description in which needle constructed in accordance 'with. my

Fig. 3'isj a side, el'evational'viewin'cross section illustrating the wearoresisting jacket forthe coreshown inFig. 2. E I" Fig. 4 is'a side elevational view in cross section illustrating the parts shownin Figs. 2

Fig. 5 is across sectional view taken along the line 55 of-Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a general view illustrating the complete hydraulic nozzle as applied foruse witha hydraulic turbine.

As has been "previously explained, hydrauhc needle nozzles of the type to which this invention relates are generally constructcd of a hollow tubular member 10 connected with a source of water under pressure. and having a discharge orifice 11 within which is disposed a needle 12. This needle is asso- 'c'iated with mechanism well known in the art wherebv'it can be adjusted longitudinally within the orifice 11, thus controlling the flowof water. 1

The detailed construction of the preferred embodiment of my invention is shown" in Figs. :1 to 6 inclusive. Referring to these figures the needle shown consists generally of a body portion 14 and a point portion 16 secured to one end of the body portion. Extending from'the other end of the body porworking portion of this bulb is formed by portion 16. In the past such needleshave been constructed in such a manner thatit has been impracticable to employ wear resisting materials which would increase the life of the nozzle, due to both the cost of; such materials and to the fact that they are diifi-' cult to machine. In my invention I makethe point 16 out of some suitable wear resisting metal, while the body 14 and stem 17 are made of cheaper metal readily machinable' by ordinary tool processes As substantial- 100 to' linclusive in assembled relationship.-

ly all of the wear of the nozzle takes place along the surface of the point 16, my construction is fully as effective in operation as a needle constructed entirely of expensive wear resisting material. Materials which will resistwear better than theusual readily machinable metals, are well "known in the art. For example I may employ *various metal .alloys generally known as stainless steels or Stainless irons, or I .may employ chrome nickel alloys, manganese steel, acid resisting metals, and the like. .As-suchsmaterials are generally too hard to machine by ordinary processes or so as to make their machining expensive, there is an added advantage in limiting the use of this material to the point :portion 16, in that I can utilize a readily machinable metal for the bo'dy portion lt andstem 1-7.

In the .preferredembodimen't f my inven tion, the point gportionlG is made separable from the body 1 4, and the wear resisting'material is preferably made in the form of a shell 18 which is secured to an inner core 19.

Core :19 :is detachably secured to the body "having a plurality f peripheral grooves 23.

'zl'hese grooves arevadapted :to receive a p.111-- rality 'of :spaced lugs 24. formed upon :the inner periphery .of the :shell 18. :Slots 26 formed'in :the ribs between the grooves 23 make itpossible to seat the acket upon the core 19, after which the jacket may be rotated afraction of aturn with respect to the cone in order to interlock the :lugs 24 "Within grooves'23. I havelalsoshown ribs or prozjecting portions 27 extending across grooves 23, in order {to engage the lugs 24 and thus limit relatiive turning movement between the jacket 16an d core 19. To facilitate aligning the core '19 with the jacket, I preferably provide the small end of core 19 with a conical projectioni28=which is adapted to seat in an accurately positioned recess 29 formed withinzt' he jacket. After the :core hasbeen .propierly aligned with respect to the jacket, these described .above will. not only operate-at a 'struction is not excessive.

due to its wear resisting properties, but when replacement is necessary, it is sufiicient to replace the point 16 rather than the entire 1 needle construction. Only a small amount of thehar d expensive Wear resisting metal is employed, and thereforethe cost of'my con- The machining of the shell .16 can be done by tool .or grinding process, and during this operation I prefer to retain the shell upon a mandrel similar to .the core l9 described above. Since the body, stem andcore are made of relatively soft lmetalrcomparedtoithe shell, these parts can be machined without difliculty,

I claim:

":1. In :ahydraulic 'IIOZZl8, L needle 'compris- 7 ing a body member, acore detachably :s'ecured to said body, and a shell'of wear resisting Jna-teria'l surrounding and mounted .upon said co're,-said shell being formed :to provide a tapered end :portion *for the needle. 2. In a hydraulic nozzle, .needleacomprising a readily machinable .met'al .core, iaseparate shell of wear resisting material surrounding the core, and cast EIDGlIELl disposed between :adjacent portions :of said core and -shell:and serving to'retain rthe same in interlockingrengagementv 3. In a hyd raul 'c nozzle, -'a;needle comprising :a body portion, .a readilywmachinable metal core detachabl y secured :to said body :portion, a separate shell of wear "resisting materialsurroundlngithe core, and castmetal disposed between adjacent portionsof "said to said core. 7

4t. Ina hydraulic'nozzle, aneedle comprising .a body member, a readily maohinable metal core detachably secured'to :one end of the body, a separate shell of wear resisting material surrounding thecore, the outer periphery iofrsaid core and inner periphery of said shell having port-ions capable of inter locking engagement. V

5. In a hydraulic nozzle, a :needle =comprising .a body portion, a score zd'etaclrably secured to one end of said body 'portion,:a separate shelllof wear resisting material surrounding the core, the outer periphery of sai'd core and the inner periphery of shell ha ving portions capable of interlocking engagement, and means "for retaining said portions in interlocking engagement. 7

.6. In a hydraulic nozzle, a-need-le compriscore .and shell :and serving ;to lock said shell ing a body member, a rod extendingthrusaid 'member, metal core detachably connected ably secured :to said body,.and a shell vof wear resisting material surrounding and mounted upon said tapered core, said shell being formed to provide a tapered end portion for the needle.

8. In a hydraulic nozzle, a needle comprising a hollow body, a rod extending thru said body, a metal core member detachably connected to one end of said rod, and a tapered shell or jacket member surrounding or mounted upon said core member, said jacket member being made of wear resisting material differing from the metal of the core member, projecting portions formed upon a peripheral portion of one of said members adapted to cooperate with complementary grooves formed in the adjacent peripheral portion of the other of said members, and cast metal disposed between said members serving to securely fix the shell to the core.

9. In a hydraulic nozzle, a needle having an enlargement or bulb thereon, the forward working portion of the bulb comprising a core and a shell surrounding and mounted upon the core, the shell being of a material having substantially better wear resisting properties than the material of the remaining portion of the bulb.

10. In a hydraulic nozzle, aneedle com- 7 prising a body portion and a point portion, said point portion comprising a core and a wear resisting shell surrounding and mounted upon said core, and means for detachably securing said core to said body portion.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

ELY C. HUTCHINSON.

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