US4744998A - Process for the manufacturing of cheese and cheeselike products - Google Patents
Process for the manufacturing of cheese and cheeselike products Download PDFInfo
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- US4744998A US4744998A US06/596,613 US59661384A US4744998A US 4744998 A US4744998 A US 4744998A US 59661384 A US59661384 A US 59661384A US 4744998 A US4744998 A US 4744998A
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- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 108010076119 Caseins Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 102000011632 Caseins Human genes 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940080237 sodium caseinate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940071162 caseinate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009928 pasteurization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- 102000014171 Milk Proteins Human genes 0.000 abstract description 3
- 108010011756 Milk Proteins Proteins 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000021239 milk protein Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 108010033929 calcium caseinate Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940108461 rennet Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 108010058314 rennet Proteins 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000002129 Malva sylvestris Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006770 Malva sylvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009937 brining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000003858 Chymases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000227 Chymases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N all-trans beta-carotene Natural products CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N beta-carotene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=CCCCC2(C)C TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013734 beta-carotene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011648 beta-carotene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002747 betacarotene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010067454 caseinomacropeptide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940021722 caseins Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011617 hard cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021243 milk fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021246 κ-casein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23C20/00—Cheese substitutes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
- A23C19/06—Treating cheese curd after whey separation; Products obtained thereby
- A23C19/061—Addition of, or treatment with, microorganisms
- A23C19/062—Addition of, or treatment with, microorganisms using only lactic acid bacteria, e.g. pediococcus, leconostoc or bifidus sp., or propionic acid bacteria; Treatment with non-specified acidifying bacterial cultures
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
- A23C19/06—Treating cheese curd after whey separation; Products obtained thereby
- A23C19/063—Addition of, or treatment with, enzymes or cell-free extracts of microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
- A23C19/06—Treating cheese curd after whey separation; Products obtained thereby
- A23C19/064—Salting
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the manufacturing of cheese and cheeselike products.
- milk from cows or other mammals such as goats and sheep is curdled by treatment with rennet, by acidulation with lactic acid bacteria or by addition of edible organic acids or even mineral acids of food grade, whereafter the thus obtained curd is pressed in moulds, salted or brined and usually subjected to a ripening process wherein the desired aroma is developed and which ripening process may extend over a period of several months.
- curdling most often calcium chloride is added to the milk prior to the addition of the rennet.
- the curdling takes places in the following steps:
- the milk is devided in a curd mass and whey.
- a part of the whey is immediately separating from the curd but another part has to be removed by the pressing in which the curd is given its desired shape.
- Curd prepared in other ways is likewise formed in moulds in order to obtain the desired shape and to remove the rest whey.
- a warm emulsion is made from the protein, a suitable fat composition, water and salts.
- the desired flavoring agents and coloring agents are introduced imparting the product the desired aroma and colour.
- the protein may be present in such a product as calcium caseinate.
- the disadvantage of the use of calcium caseinate however is that the working method is very critical regarding to process conditions and raw material properties, e.g. the emulsion tends to break.
- alkali caseinates e.g. sodium caseinate, makes the adjusting of the process conditions less critical but is resulting in a product displaying a rubbery character when it is eaten.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,075,360 describes the preparation of imitation mozzarella cheese using a cheese formulation which consist of about 15-35% edible protein which includes 70-100% sodium caseinate and up to about 30% calcium caseinate, about 0.5-1.0% of a calcium providing substance other than a calcium protein salt, about 45-30% water, up to about 3% organic emulsifying agent, about 0.2-3% of an edible acid, and about 15-30% of a vegetable oil, where in first a water mixture and an oil mixture are separately prepared, the two mixtures are combined at a temperature of about 130°-172° F., the acid is added, the final mixture is thoroughly stirred at a temperature of about 135°-170° F., whereafter the mixture is cooled until a hardened product is obtained.
- a cheese formulation which consist of about 15-35% edible protein which includes 70-100% sodium caseinate and up to about 30% calcium caseinate, about 0.5-1.0% of a calcium providing substance other than a calcium protein salt, about 45-30% water, up to about 3% organic e
- the invention makes it possible to manufacture cheese and cheeselike products in a faster way than the traditional way permits.
- Cheese and cheeselike products are manufactured according to the present invention by preparing an emulsion at a raised temperature of water, a suitable fat composition, milk protein or a protein derived from milk and other ingredients, if desired, such as ingredients imparting colour and aroma to the product wherein the milk protein or protein derived from milk is used in a soluble form, the emulsion is well mixed, pasteurized, cooled, stiffened, formed to shaped pieces whereafter these pieces are treated with calcium ions.
- alkali caseinates e.g., sodium caseinate, potassium caseinate and ammonium caseinate.
- the warm emulsion may be cooled and stiffened in a continuous stream, milled and saltened with a dry salt composition containing a calcium ion donor whereafter the saltened curd is pressed in moulds.
- the warm emulsion may also be poured out in moulds, cooled in the moulds whereafter the shaped bodies are treated in a solution containing calcium ions, or treated in a brine bath containing calcium ions or a calcium ion donor, thus a simultaneous saltening and treating with calcium ions is occurring.
- colouring agent a suspension of 0.04% beta-carotene in groundnut oil, and as flavouring agent a natural cheese flavour.
- the carefully mixed composition was heated to 90° C. and kept at this temperature for 2 minutes and then moulded into blocks of 20 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 cm which were cooled to 20° C., after which the moulded blocks were treated with a brine solution containing 200 g common salt and 8 g of calcium chloride per liter and having a pH value of 5.4 for 72 hours at a temperature of 15° C.
- the colouring agent and the flavouring agent were the same as in Example I.
- the mixture was treated in the same manner but the brine solution was now containing only 80 g of common salt besides 8 g of calcium chloride and having a pH-value which was adjusted at 5.0 by means of lactic acid.
- Small pieces of cheese (about 75 g) had the desired structure up to heart of the cheese after a residence time in the brine bath as short as 3 hours; larger sizes (about 1,750 g) required a brining period of 48 hours; with larger cheeses the brining period increased to 96 hours.
- a Gouda-type cheese thus produced had a protein content of 23%, a fat content of 28%, and moisture content of 45%.
- An emulsion was prepared from 3.90 kg sodium paracaseinate, 6.15 kg water and 4.95 kg butter oil by means of a Stephan emulsifier.
- the emulsion was heated to 80° C., and kept at that temperature for 3 minutes. After this pasteurization, the emulsion was cooled to 10° C., after which the stiffened mass was milled.
- the milled curd was salted by adding 15 g salt mixture/kg curd. This mixture consisted of 16 parts by weight of common salt and 1 part by weight of calcium chloride.
- the salted curd was transferred to cheese moulds of the conventional type for making cheddar cheese, whereafter the cheese was pressed. There was thus obtained a young cheese of the cheddar type containing 35% moisture, 33% milk fat and 26% protein.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Dairy Products (AREA)
Abstract
A process for manufacturing cheese and cheeselike products is disclosed wherein a warm emulsion is used which contains water, fat, milk protein or protein derived from milk, and optionally other ingredients. The emulsion is well mixed, pasteurized, cooled, stiffened and formed into shaped pieces. According to the invention, said protein is used in a soluble form and said shaped pieces are treated with calcium ions. For many purposes a soluble paracaseinate is useful as protein.
Description
The present invention relates to a process for the manufacturing of cheese and cheeselike products. In the manufacturing of cheese, milk from cows or other mammals such as goats and sheep is curdled by treatment with rennet, by acidulation with lactic acid bacteria or by addition of edible organic acids or even mineral acids of food grade, whereafter the thus obtained curd is pressed in moulds, salted or brined and usually subjected to a ripening process wherein the desired aroma is developed and which ripening process may extend over a period of several months. When curdling is performed by means of renner most often calcium chloride is added to the milk prior to the addition of the rennet.
The curdling takes places in the following steps:
1. splitting of the kappa-casein into paracasein and glycomacropeptide by the action of the chymase, the enzyme in the rennet,
2. flocculation of the paracasein together with the other caseins present in the milk under influence of the calcium ions.
So the milk is devided in a curd mass and whey. A part of the whey is immediately separating from the curd but another part has to be removed by the pressing in which the curd is given its desired shape. Curd prepared in other ways is likewise formed in moulds in order to obtain the desired shape and to remove the rest whey.
Disadvantages of the traditional cheese making are the complicated manufacturing process and the relative long processing time.
From milk isolated proteins or derivatives thereof are used in the preparation of some types of cheese imitations.
In the manufacturing of these types of products a warm emulsion is made from the protein, a suitable fat composition, water and salts. In this emulsion the desired flavoring agents and coloring agents are introduced imparting the product the desired aroma and colour. The protein may be present in such a product as calcium caseinate. The disadvantage of the use of calcium caseinate however is that the working method is very critical regarding to process conditions and raw material properties, e.g. the emulsion tends to break. The use of alkali caseinates, e.g. sodium caseinate, makes the adjusting of the process conditions less critical but is resulting in a product displaying a rubbery character when it is eaten.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,075,360 describes the preparation of imitation mozzarella cheese using a cheese formulation which consist of about 15-35% edible protein which includes 70-100% sodium caseinate and up to about 30% calcium caseinate, about 0.5-1.0% of a calcium providing substance other than a calcium protein salt, about 45-30% water, up to about 3% organic emulsifying agent, about 0.2-3% of an edible acid, and about 15-30% of a vegetable oil, where in first a water mixture and an oil mixture are separately prepared, the two mixtures are combined at a temperature of about 130°-172° F., the acid is added, the final mixture is thoroughly stirred at a temperature of about 135°-170° F., whereafter the mixture is cooled until a hardened product is obtained.
Although this method describes a good method for the preparing of imitation mozzarella cheese, it does not suit for the producing of other types of imitation cheeses.
It has now been found that cheese and cheeselike products may be manufactured avoiding the above mentioned disadvantages.
Furthermore the invention makes it possible to manufacture cheese and cheeselike products in a faster way than the traditional way permits.
Cheese and cheeselike products are manufactured according to the present invention by preparing an emulsion at a raised temperature of water, a suitable fat composition, milk protein or a protein derived from milk and other ingredients, if desired, such as ingredients imparting colour and aroma to the product wherein the milk protein or protein derived from milk is used in a soluble form, the emulsion is well mixed, pasteurized, cooled, stiffened, formed to shaped pieces whereafter these pieces are treated with calcium ions.
Good results are obtained with alkali caseinates, e.g., sodium caseinate, potassium caseinate and ammonium caseinate.
The warm emulsion may be cooled and stiffened in a continuous stream, milled and saltened with a dry salt composition containing a calcium ion donor whereafter the saltened curd is pressed in moulds. The warm emulsion may also be poured out in moulds, cooled in the moulds whereafter the shaped bodies are treated in a solution containing calcium ions, or treated in a brine bath containing calcium ions or a calcium ion donor, thus a simultaneous saltening and treating with calcium ions is occurring.
It has been found that these particular ways of incorporating calcium ions into the protein matrix of cheese or cheeselike products allow the manufacture of different kinds of desirable cheese structures without the risks of destabilization during the preparation of the emulsion. It has also been found that the use of soluble paracaseinates in a process according to the present invention makes it possible to obtain a further number of different kinds of cheese structures.
A mixture was made of
42.2 kg water
7.8 kg soybean oil
19.3 kg coconut oil
28.6 kg EM 7=Roller dried sodium caseinate (DMV)
0.35 kg citric acid
0.75 kg colouring agent
1.00 kg flavouring agent
As colouring agent was used a suspension of 0.04% beta-carotene in groundnut oil, and as flavouring agent a natural cheese flavour. The carefully mixed composition was heated to 90° C. and kept at this temperature for 2 minutes and then moulded into blocks of 20×10×10 cm which were cooled to 20° C., after which the moulded blocks were treated with a brine solution containing 200 g common salt and 8 g of calcium chloride per liter and having a pH value of 5.4 for 72 hours at a temperature of 15° C.
A mixture was made of
42.2 kg water
7.7 kg groundnut oil
19.0 kg coconut oil
28.4 kg Spraydried sodium caseinate
0.75 kg common salt
0.20 kg citric acid
0.75 kg colouring agent
1.00 kg flavouring agent
The colouring agent and the flavouring agent were the same as in Example I. The mixture was treated in the same manner but the brine solution was now containing only 80 g of common salt besides 8 g of calcium chloride and having a pH-value which was adjusted at 5.0 by means of lactic acid.
An amount of sodium paracaseinate of 3.45 kg was mixed with 4.20 kg butter oil and 7.65 kg water by means of a Stephan emulsifier heated by means of steam. The emulsion was adjusted to 85° C. by indirect heating, and kept at that temperature for 2 minutes. The pasteurized emulsion was subsequently poured into moulds and cooled to about 15° C., whereafter the solidified emulsion was brined. The brine was containing 190 g of common salt and of 8 g of calcium chloride per liter. The pH was 4.8 to 4.9. Small pieces of cheese (about 75 g) had the desired structure up to heart of the cheese after a residence time in the brine bath as short as 3 hours; larger sizes (about 1,750 g) required a brining period of 48 hours; with larger cheeses the brining period increased to 96 hours.
A Gouda-type cheese thus produced had a protein content of 23%, a fat content of 28%, and moisture content of 45%.
An emulsion was prepared from 3.90 kg sodium paracaseinate, 6.15 kg water and 4.95 kg butter oil by means of a Stephan emulsifier. The emulsion was heated to 80° C., and kept at that temperature for 3 minutes. After this pasteurization, the emulsion was cooled to 10° C., after which the stiffened mass was milled. The milled curd was salted by adding 15 g salt mixture/kg curd. This mixture consisted of 16 parts by weight of common salt and 1 part by weight of calcium chloride. The salted curd was transferred to cheese moulds of the conventional type for making cheddar cheese, whereafter the cheese was pressed. There was thus obtained a young cheese of the cheddar type containing 35% moisture, 33% milk fat and 26% protein.
Claims (16)
1. A process for the manufacture of imitation cheese products in the absence of emulsification salts from an admixture comprising water, fat and a soluble protein derived from milk and selected from the group consisting of paracaseinate and a paracaseinate-containing protein and one or more of acidulents, colorants and flavoring agents,
the amount of ingredients in said admixture being sufficient that it is in a pourable condition at pasteurization temperatures therefor and in a solidifiable form at a lower temperature, which comprises,
preparing a well mixed emulsion from the admixed materials,
pasteurizing said emulsion,
cooling and solidifying said pasteurized emulsion into shaped pieces, and
treating said shaped pieces with calcium ions to transform the solidified mass into a product having a cheeselike appearance and texture by said treating.
2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the protein derived from milk is an alkali caseinate.
3. A process according to claim 1 wherein the protein derived from milk is sodium caseinate.
4. A process according to claim 1 wherein the protein derived from milk is ammonium caseinate.
5. A process according to claim 1 wherein the steps of preparing, pasteurizing, and cooling and solidifying the emulsion are conducted in a continuous manner and the solidified emulsion is formed into pieces by milling prior to said treatment with said calciumions.
6. A process according to claim 5 wherein said treating of said shaped pieces with calcium ions is conducted by treating said shaped pieces with a dry salt composition containing 93 to 95% by weight of common salt and 5 to 7% by weight of calcium chloride.
7. A process according to claim 1 wherein said treating of said shaped pieces with said calcium ions is conducted in a brine bath containing common salt and a calcium compound adapted to provided said calcium ions.
8. A process according to claim 7 wherein said brine bath comprises 70 to 250 grams of common salt and 5 to 9 grams of calcium chloride per liter thereof.
9. The process according to claim 1 wherein the soluble protein derived from milk is alkali paracaseinate.
10. The process according to claim 1 wherein the soluble protein derived from milk is sodium paracaseinate.
11. The process according to claim 1 wherein the soluble protein derived from milk is ammonium paracaseinate.
12. A process according to claim 1 wherein the steps of preparing, pasteurizing, and cooling and solidifying the emulsion are conducted in a continuous manner and the solidified emulsion is formed into pieces by milling prior to said treatment with said calcium ions.
13. A process according to claim 12 wherein said heating of said shaped pieces with calcium ions is conducted by treating said shaped pieces with a dry salt composition containing 93 to 95% by weight of common salt and 5 to 7% by weight of calcium chloride.
14. A process according to claim 1 wherein said pasteurized emulsion is shaped in moulds and the resulting shaped pieces are treated in a solution containing said calcium ions.
15. A process according to claim 1 wherein said treating of said shaped pieces with said calcium ions is conducted in a brine bath containing common salt and a calcium compound adapted to provide said calcium ions.
16. A process according to claim 15 wherein said brine bath comprises 70 to 250 grams of common salt and 5 to 9 grams of calcium chloride per liter thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL8203817A NL8203817A (en) | 1982-09-30 | 1982-09-30 | METHOD FOR PREPARING FOODSTUFFS WITH THE CHARACTER OF CHEESE AND PRODUCTS SIMILAR TO CHEESE. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4744998A true US4744998A (en) | 1988-05-17 |
Family
ID=19840363
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/596,613 Expired - Fee Related US4744998A (en) | 1982-09-30 | 1984-04-04 | Process for the manufacturing of cheese and cheeselike products |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4744998A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0105566B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3365467D1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL8203817A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4919943A (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1990-04-24 | Schreiber Foods, Inc. | Pasta filata-type cheese process |
US5064660A (en) * | 1987-11-02 | 1991-11-12 | Jules Silver | Method of making ultra low-fat cheese and resulting products |
US5075125A (en) * | 1987-04-21 | 1991-12-24 | Investissements Mongeau Inc. | Process for manufacturing low calorie butter and butter substitutes |
US6319526B1 (en) | 2000-01-06 | 2001-11-20 | Land O'lakes, Inc. | Pasta filata cheese |
EP1226759A3 (en) * | 2001-01-29 | 2003-07-02 | Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc. | Method for preparing solid milk product |
US9232807B2 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2016-01-12 | Kraft Foods Group Brands Llc | Dairy-based foods having high levels of lactose |
US9833008B2 (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2017-12-05 | Kraft Foods Group Brands Llc | Emulsifying salt-free cheese and method of making thereof having a blend of sheared and non-sheared fat |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1936872A (en) * | 1930-03-14 | 1933-11-28 | Premier Pabst Corp | Cheese product and method of making the same |
US3502481A (en) * | 1966-05-03 | 1970-03-24 | Lever Brothers Ltd | Food spread |
DE2342299A1 (en) * | 1973-08-22 | 1975-04-10 | Budenheim Rud A Oetker Chemie | Hydrated para-caseinate-phosphate prod. as cheese additive - prepd. from rennet casein, phosphate and water |
CA981521A (en) * | 1971-12-24 | 1976-01-13 | Pvo International Inc. | Synthetic aged hard cheese |
CA1022382A (en) * | 1972-10-23 | 1977-12-13 | Haruo Tsumura | Processed cheese-like product containing soy cheese |
US4075360A (en) * | 1974-07-18 | 1978-02-21 | Scm Corporation | Preparation of imitation mozzarella cheese |
SU649393A1 (en) * | 1976-09-10 | 1979-02-28 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Молочной Промышленности | Cream cheese and method of producing same |
US4547386A (en) * | 1984-02-27 | 1985-10-15 | Purdue Research Foundation | Lactose/cheese whey/whey filtrate semi-solid animal feed supplement |
-
1982
- 1982-09-30 NL NL8203817A patent/NL8203817A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1983
- 1983-09-30 EP EP83201403A patent/EP0105566B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-09-30 DE DE8383201403T patent/DE3365467D1/en not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-04-04 US US06/596,613 patent/US4744998A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1936872A (en) * | 1930-03-14 | 1933-11-28 | Premier Pabst Corp | Cheese product and method of making the same |
US3502481A (en) * | 1966-05-03 | 1970-03-24 | Lever Brothers Ltd | Food spread |
CA981521A (en) * | 1971-12-24 | 1976-01-13 | Pvo International Inc. | Synthetic aged hard cheese |
CA1022382A (en) * | 1972-10-23 | 1977-12-13 | Haruo Tsumura | Processed cheese-like product containing soy cheese |
DE2342299A1 (en) * | 1973-08-22 | 1975-04-10 | Budenheim Rud A Oetker Chemie | Hydrated para-caseinate-phosphate prod. as cheese additive - prepd. from rennet casein, phosphate and water |
US4075360A (en) * | 1974-07-18 | 1978-02-21 | Scm Corporation | Preparation of imitation mozzarella cheese |
SU649393A1 (en) * | 1976-09-10 | 1979-02-28 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Молочной Промышленности | Cream cheese and method of producing same |
US4547386A (en) * | 1984-02-27 | 1985-10-15 | Purdue Research Foundation | Lactose/cheese whey/whey filtrate semi-solid animal feed supplement |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5075125A (en) * | 1987-04-21 | 1991-12-24 | Investissements Mongeau Inc. | Process for manufacturing low calorie butter and butter substitutes |
US4919943A (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1990-04-24 | Schreiber Foods, Inc. | Pasta filata-type cheese process |
US5064660A (en) * | 1987-11-02 | 1991-11-12 | Jules Silver | Method of making ultra low-fat cheese and resulting products |
US6319526B1 (en) | 2000-01-06 | 2001-11-20 | Land O'lakes, Inc. | Pasta filata cheese |
EP1226759A3 (en) * | 2001-01-29 | 2003-07-02 | Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc. | Method for preparing solid milk product |
EP2052621A3 (en) * | 2001-01-29 | 2011-07-20 | Kraft Foods Global Brands LLC | Method for preparing solid milk product |
US9232807B2 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2016-01-12 | Kraft Foods Group Brands Llc | Dairy-based foods having high levels of lactose |
US9833008B2 (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2017-12-05 | Kraft Foods Group Brands Llc | Emulsifying salt-free cheese and method of making thereof having a blend of sheared and non-sheared fat |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL8203817A (en) | 1984-04-16 |
DE3365467D1 (en) | 1986-09-25 |
EP0105566B1 (en) | 1986-08-20 |
EP0105566A1 (en) | 1984-04-18 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: DMV- CAMPINA B.V., NCB LAAN 68, 5462 GE VEGHEL, TH Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:VAN DER SOMMEN, CAROLUS G.M.;PIJKEREN, JOHANNES V.;VAN GENNIP, ADRIANUS H. M.;REEL/FRAME:004247/0394 Effective date: 19840321 |
|
CC | Certificate of correction | ||
REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees | ||
FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 19920517 |
|
STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |