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WO1990001377A1 - Rotary air cleaner and separator - Google Patents

Rotary air cleaner and separator Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990001377A1
WO1990001377A1 PCT/AU1989/000344 AU8900344W WO9001377A1 WO 1990001377 A1 WO1990001377 A1 WO 1990001377A1 AU 8900344 W AU8900344 W AU 8900344W WO 9001377 A1 WO9001377 A1 WO 9001377A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
trays
bounce
air flow
grain
seed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1989/000344
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Dean Frahn
Original Assignee
Dean Frahn
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dean Frahn filed Critical Dean Frahn
Publication of WO1990001377A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990001377A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B15/00—Combinations of apparatus for separating solids from solids by dry methods applicable to bulk material, e.g. loose articles fit to be handled like bulk material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/10—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
    • B07B4/04—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall in cascades

Definitions

  • This invention relates to cleaning and separating of granular type of material and particularly to a device for the quick, efficient and variable cleaning and separating of whole body grain or seed from the dust, debris and foreign material normally associated with these products.
  • aspiration which is essentially an air suction means to draw the loose light debris and foreign material from the heavier whole body grain or seed.
  • the use of vibrating trays or tables is commonly used as a form of separation, sometimes in conjunction with air suction or blowing.
  • the aspiration method suffers from disadvantages as aspiration is a high energy consuming method and only serves to separate the loose or free dust, debris and light foreign material from the whole body grain or seed.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device and method to efficiently and completely effect the cleaning and/or separation of a granular type material .
  • the invention provides a device comprising a series of rigid bounce trays in a stepped arrangement
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET means for providing an air flow over said bounce trays, and a body to hold said bounce trays and said air flow means in working relationship.
  • the bounce trays are inclined and fed by a metered feed roller attached to a feed hopper.
  • the bounce trays are of solid and flat construction and rigidly attached to said body.
  • the air flow is provided by a fan means attached to or an integral part of the body of said device in such a way as to direct air flow over said bounce trays.
  • the body incorporates baffle equalization plates to direct an evenly distributed air flow without turbulence or high pressure areas over the bounce trays.
  • the body provides separate compartments for receiving the separated products.
  • the invention further provides a method of separating granular material wherein said granular material is dropped onto and passed over a series of bounce trays while subjected to an air flow.
  • the granular material is grain or seed wherein said grain or seed is separated from the dust and particulate matter associated with that product.
  • the device of the instant invention is characterized in one form by a hopper attached to a large setting chamber which incorporates a series of bounce trays and a fan.
  • the grain As the grain is released from the hopper it hits the bounce trays and the heavy whole body grain or seed maintains its inertia in a series of bounces down the trays to a collecting chamber.
  • the lighter dust and debris associated with the grain have less inertia and are carried off by the air flow which has little effect on the heavier grain.
  • Figure 1 is a side view cross section diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a feed hopper 1 is positioned to receive and hold a supply of the granular material ready for controlled delivery to the bounce trays 3 via the metered feed roller 2.
  • a fan 5 is mounted to the body of the device in such a position as to blow air over the bounce trays and to effect the separation of the lighter dust, debris and foreign materials from the heavier whole bodied grain or seed.
  • the lighter foreign materials and dust are carried with the air flow and deflected by a radius deflector 6 which serves to direct the lighter foreign material to the bottom floor 10 of the settling chamber 7.
  • the lighter foreign materials then slide down the bottom f loor into the collecting area 9 and an auger carries it to the foreign material discharge shute 13.
  • the air is then ejected out the primary exhaust 8.
  • the heavier whole bodied grain or seed is directed by gravity down the bounce trays 3 to the whole body grain collecting chute 4.
  • the collecting chute 4 then discharges the whole body grain or seed outside the air separator for the next process, if further processing is required.
  • the fan 5 is mounted in such a way as to efficiently effect a flow of air which passes through an equalisation chamber 11 in which are positioned equalisation plates 12.
  • the fan is driven by a motor or engine 15 by pulle s and belts 14.
  • the separation is achieved because the heavier whole body grain bounces and continues at a similar speed against the flow of air with sufficient speed and weight to overcome said air flow.
  • the lighter foreign material on the other hand bounce with insufficient speed and weight to overcome the airflow and is therefore carried with said airflow into the settling chamber
  • the instant invention has numerous advantages over the prior art, in particular the use of an air blowing system in close inter -relationships to the bounce trays provides a very efficient low energy demand means of providing separation.
  • the preferred air flow mode for the instant invention is a high velocity low pressure mode which itself requires less energy than a high pressure low velocity mode.
  • controlled metered feed, controlled air flow and bounce trays enable a fine tuning of the device to effect a very accurate weight separation and hence, the level and degree of cleaning or separation is controllable.
  • the device of the present invention is portable and adaptable to a wide range of power take-offs and due to its integrated design, is a low cost alternative to the high cost of installing a fixed cleaner.
  • the feed roller is variable to allow even metering of granular product to the bounce trays.
  • the accurate lifting and separating of the light debris is control led by a fan with an adjustable speed of 250 to 900 rpm.
  • a method of separating granular material is described by way of example hereinafter. The method may be used in conjunction with the apparatus of Figures 1 or 2, but is not limited thereto.
  • Grain is delivered into the feed hopper and passes through a feed roller which is set to turn at an optimum speed to deliver grain at a rate sufficient to evenly and fully occupy the bounce trays .
  • the lighter foreign material and dust is then carried by the air flow to the expansion or settling chamber via the radius deflector onto the bottom wall of the expansion chamber and then into the foreign material collecting area.
  • the high velocity of the debris is reduced as it hits the bottom wall and then disperses into the expansion chamber.
  • he primary exhaust serves to eject the air flow while avoiding the dust which is confined to the debris chute 9.
  • the instant invention uses a unique combination of rigid bounce trays and controlled air flow to effect a very superior grain cleaning operation without the complication of vibrating screens or trays, large complex
  • SUBSTITUTE S ⁇ Z air flow apparatus and the need for conveying treated grain.
  • the present invention has rigidly fixed bounce trays using gravity to drive the grain from a hopper.
  • the air control means is the only driven part and hence economical, with air dispersement baffles used to control and direct the air flow.
  • the present invention appears to obtain its efficiency from the use of rigid bounce trays which contribute to very accurate separation in one of two ways:- a) The bounce trays change the angle at which the grain impacts and rebounds. Such that the grain is exposed to the air flow at different angles upon impact and rebound. Therefore, the grain is continually rotated and turned sideways into the air flow and thus increases the surface area exposed to the air flow and hence separation.
  • the present invention can of course be used not only as a grain cleaning device but also as a separating device where any lighter material, e.g. weed seeds, chaff, sticks, straw, unfull grain of same type, split grain or immature grain can be separated and used.
  • the action of the device relies on the mass to size ratio, or weight to surface area ratio of a given product and hence separation can be effected on the basis of either one or both of these parameters. Where the mass of different grains is constant separation shall occur based on size alone. Where size of different grains is the same separation shall occur based on mass alone.

Landscapes

  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Abstract

An air cleaning and separating device for cleaning and/or separating grain, seeds or other granular material. The grain is bounced off a series of rigid trays while simultaneously subjected to a high velocity, low pressure air flow such that light material is dislodged and carried with the air flow and heavier material follows the bounce trays to a separate chute.

Description

TITLE: Rotar Air Cleaner and Separator
This invention relates to cleaning and separating of granular type of material and particularly to a device for the quick, efficient and variable cleaning and separating of whole body grain or seed from the dust, debris and foreign material normally associated with these products.
The requirement for whole body grain or seed cleaning is common to primary producers, merchants and many other users .
To date, various methods and apparatus for cleaning and separating whole body grain or seed exist including aspiration which is essentially an air suction means to draw the loose light debris and foreign material from the heavier whole body grain or seed. The use of vibrating trays or tables is commonly used as a form of separation, sometimes in conjunction with air suction or blowing. The aspiration method suffers from disadvantages as aspiration is a high energy consuming method and only serves to separate the loose or free dust, debris and light foreign material from the whole body grain or seed.
The use of other air blowing systems is also limited and they tend to adopt a mode of air flow with a high pressure component. The use of high pressure, low velocity air flow requires a large impact of energ and is limiting in respect to the design of the apparatus to incorporate this type of air flow. The use of vibrating trays fails to effect efficient separation of grain from the loose dust and debris as it only serves to dislodge the dust and debris rather than actually separating it.
The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method to efficiently and completely effect the cleaning and/or separation of a granular type material .
Accordingly, the invention provides a device comprising a series of rigid bounce trays in a stepped arrangement,
SUBSTITUTE SHEET means for providing an air flow over said bounce trays, and a body to hold said bounce trays and said air flow means in working relationship.
Preferabl the bounce trays are inclined and fed by a metered feed roller attached to a feed hopper.
Preferably the bounce trays are of solid and flat construction and rigidly attached to said body.
Preferably, the air flow is provided by a fan means attached to or an integral part of the body of said device in such a way as to direct air flow over said bounce trays.
Preferably the body incorporates baffle equalization plates to direct an evenly distributed air flow without turbulence or high pressure areas over the bounce trays.
Preferably, the body provides separate compartments for receiving the separated products.
The invention further provides a method of separating granular material wherein said granular material is dropped onto and passed over a series of bounce trays while subjected to an air flow.
Preferably the granular material is grain or seed wherein said grain or seed is separated from the dust and particulate matter associated with that product.
The device of the instant invention is characterized in one form by a hopper attached to a large setting chamber which incorporates a series of bounce trays and a fan.
As the grain is released from the hopper it hits the bounce trays and the heavy whole body grain or seed maintains its inertia in a series of bounces down the trays to a collecting chamber. The lighter dust and debris associated with the grain have less inertia and are carried off by the air flow which has little effect on the heavier grain.
The effect of bouncing the grain off a solid tray causes a very different separation result than that previously accomplished by vibrating and it is this initial separation which facilitates the efficient operation of the instant invention.
From the foregoing, it can be seen that the problems of
' effectively cleaning or separating grain or seed have been greatly assisted by the combined use of bouncing and blo ing of said grain or seed. The combination of these two operations provide advantages and an effect far in excess of each individual operation, or the previous use of vibration trays .
Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention wil l become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawing .
Figure 1 is a side view cross section diagram of one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a plan view of one embodiment of the present invention. A feed hopper 1 is positioned to receive and hold a supply of the granular material ready for controlled delivery to the bounce trays 3 via the metered feed roller 2. A fan 5 is mounted to the body of the device in such a position as to blow air over the bounce trays and to effect the separation of the lighter dust, debris and foreign materials from the heavier whole bodied grain or seed.
The lighter foreign materials and dust are carried with the air flow and deflected by a radius deflector 6 which serves to direct the lighter foreign material to the bottom floor 10 of the settling chamber 7. The lighter foreign materials then slide down the bottom f loor into the collecting area 9 and an auger carries it to the foreign material discharge shute 13. The air is then ejected out the primary exhaust 8.
The heavier whole bodied grain or seed is directed by gravity down the bounce trays 3 to the whole body grain collecting chute 4. The collecting chute 4 then discharges the whole body grain or seed outside the air separator for the next process, if further processing is required. The fan 5 is mounted in such a way as to efficiently effect a flow of air which passes through an equalisation chamber 11 in which are positioned equalisation plates 12. The fan is driven by a motor or engine 15 by pulle s and belts 14.
SUBSTITUTE SKIΞT To bring into effect the equalisation, the high velocity and low pressure of air must pass through an equalisation chamber at which are positioned equalisation plates of a particular shape. These particular equalisation plates are placed in such a manner as to direct and distribute the air flow evenly over the bounce trays, without any turbulence or high pressure areas developing over the bounce trays.
Furthermore, as the air flow continues onto the bounce trays it lifts and carries the lighter foreign materials into the settling chamber with the whole bodied grains continuing down against the air flow and out into the whole bodied grain chute.
The separation is achieved because the heavier whole body grain bounces and continues at a similar speed against the flow of air with sufficient speed and weight to overcome said air flow. The lighter foreign material on the other hand bounce with insufficient speed and weight to overcome the airflow and is therefore carried with said airflow into the settling chamber
It can be seen that the instant invention has numerous advantages over the prior art, in particular the use of an air blowing system in close inter -relationships to the bounce trays provides a very efficient low energy demand means of providing separation. The preferred air flow mode for the instant invention is a high velocity low pressure mode which itself requires less energy than a high pressure low velocity mode.
Further, the combined use of controlled metered feed, controlled air flow and bounce trays enable a fine tuning of the device to effect a very accurate weight separation and hence, the level and degree of cleaning or separation is controllable.
Furthermore, the device of the present invention is portable and adaptable to a wide range of power take-offs and due to its integrated design, is a low cost alternative to the high cost of installing a fixed cleaner. The feed roller is variable to allow even metering of granular product to the bounce trays. The accurate lifting and separating of the light debris is control led by a fan with an adjustable speed of 250 to 900 rpm.
A method of separating granular material is described by way of example hereinafter. The method may be used in conjunction with the apparatus of Figures 1 or 2, but is not limited thereto.
Grain is delivered into the feed hopper and passes through a feed roller which is set to turn at an optimum speed to deliver grain at a rate sufficient to evenly and fully occupy the bounce trays .
As the grain drops onto the first bounce tray, dislodgement of the lighter foreign material from the whole bodied grain occurs. The grain, having a higher mass and more inertia, keeps bouncing. The lighter foreign material has less inertia and is swept away by the air flow. The heavier whole body grain continues to bounce down the series of bounce trays with more and more light foreign material and dust being dislodged and swept away from the heavier whole bodied grain and seed by the air flow.
The heavier whole body grain that goes past the three separating bounce trays and air flow, passed into the whole body collecting chute. The lighter foreign material and dust is then carried by the air flow to the expansion or settling chamber via the radius deflector onto the bottom wall of the expansion chamber and then into the foreign material collecting area.
The high velocity of the debris is reduced as it hits the bottom wall and then disperses into the expansion chamber. As the air flow is arrested in the expansion chamber, he primary exhaust serves to eject the air flow while avoiding the dust which is confined to the debris chute 9.
As can be seen from the foregoing more detailed description, the instant invention uses a unique combination of rigid bounce trays and controlled air flow to effect a very superior grain cleaning operation without the complication of vibrating screens or trays, large complex
SUBSTITUTE Sϊ Z:" air flow apparatus and the need for conveying treated grain. The present invention has rigidly fixed bounce trays using gravity to drive the grain from a hopper. The air control means is the only driven part and hence economical, with air dispersement baffles used to control and direct the air flow. ithout wishing to be bound, the present invention appears to obtain its efficiency from the use of rigid bounce trays which contribute to very accurate separation in one of two ways:- a) The bounce trays change the angle at which the grain impacts and rebounds. Such that the grain is exposed to the air flow at different angles upon impact and rebound. Therefore, the grain is continually rotated and turned sideways into the air flow and thus increases the surface area exposed to the air flow and hence separation. b) The bounce trays cause a dramatic differentiation of grain and debris velocity once dislodgement has occurred, i.e. after the initial impact. When the grain retains most of its velocity but the debris slows dramatically hence allowing greater time for the air flow to carry it away.
The present invention can of course be used not only as a grain cleaning device but also as a separating device where any lighter material, e.g. weed seeds, chaff, sticks, straw, unfull grain of same type, split grain or immature grain can be separated and used. The action of the device relies on the mass to size ratio, or weight to surface area ratio of a given product and hence separation can be effected on the basis of either one or both of these parameters. Where the mass of different grains is constant separation shall occur based on size alone. Where size of different grains is the same separation shall occur based on mass alone.
The claims form part of the disclosure of this specification .
5U£Sn _7 r* f ■ ■*•-•' ' ϊiU2 *_-! (__* _ «__>. _ *

Claims

- 7CLAIMS:The claims defining the invention are as follows:-
1. An air cleaning and separating device comprising a series of rigid bounce trays in stepped arrangement, means for providing an air flow over said bounce trays and a body to hold said bounce trays and said air flow means in working relationship .
2. A device according to claim 1 wherein the rigid bounce trays are inclined and fed by a metered feed roller attached to a feed hopper.
3. A device according to either claim 1 or 2 wherein the bounce trays are of solid and flat construction.
4. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 where the air flow is provided by a fan means attached to, or an integral part of, the body of said device in such a way as to direct air flow over said bounce trays.
5. A device according to anyone of claims 1 to 4 wherein the body of said device incorporates equalization plates to baffle, evenly distribute and direct the air flow over the bounce trays without undue turbulence or creation of high pressure areas.
6. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the body of said device provides separate compartments for receiving the separated products.
7. A method of separating granular material wherein said granular material is dropped onto and bounced across a series of bounce trays while subjected to an air flow.
8. A method according to claim 7 wherein said granular material is grain or seed and air flow is adjusted to separate dust or debris from said grain or seed.
9. A method according to claim 8 wherein said air flow is adjusted to separate different grades of grain or seed.
SUES
PCT/AU1989/000344 1988-08-15 1989-08-15 Rotary air cleaner and separator WO1990001377A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPI9858 1988-08-15
AUPI985888 1988-08-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990001377A1 true WO1990001377A1 (en) 1990-02-22

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1989/000344 WO1990001377A1 (en) 1988-08-15 1989-08-15 Rotary air cleaner and separator

Country Status (1)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996008321A1 (en) * 1994-09-15 1996-03-21 Beloit Technologies, Inc. Open air density separator
WO1996008340A1 (en) * 1994-09-16 1996-03-21 Wilson David Jr Split socket with movable facets and drive assembly
GB2310582A (en) * 1996-03-01 1997-09-03 Geraldton Plumbing Co Pty Ltd Air grain cleaner
AU733609B2 (en) * 1997-02-18 2001-05-17 Debex (Proprietary) Limited Particle conditioning method and apparatus
ES2331826A1 (en) * 2007-10-24 2010-01-15 Luis Eguilaz De Prado Dry separation device of stones and fruits. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
CN112524997A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-03-19 江苏科技大学 Modularized bullet holder separating device and using method thereof

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1530277A (en) * 1922-11-13 1925-03-17 Wonder Grain Cleaner Company Grain cleaner
GB515058A (en) * 1938-05-20 1939-11-24 Harold Edward Blake Improvements in or relating to separators
AU1422047A (en) * 1947-08-05 1947-09-04 Howell Sutherland An improved method of and apparatus for winnowing discrete. materials
US4568453A (en) * 1984-09-14 1986-02-04 Lowe Jr Henry E Apparatus and method for removing dust from particulate material

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1530277A (en) * 1922-11-13 1925-03-17 Wonder Grain Cleaner Company Grain cleaner
GB515058A (en) * 1938-05-20 1939-11-24 Harold Edward Blake Improvements in or relating to separators
AU1422047A (en) * 1947-08-05 1947-09-04 Howell Sutherland An improved method of and apparatus for winnowing discrete. materials
AU2376256A (en) * 1956-12-06 1957-06-06 Godfrey L. Cabot Inc Process and apparatus for fractionating solid materials
US4568453A (en) * 1984-09-14 1986-02-04 Lowe Jr Henry E Apparatus and method for removing dust from particulate material

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996008321A1 (en) * 1994-09-15 1996-03-21 Beloit Technologies, Inc. Open air density separator
WO1996008340A1 (en) * 1994-09-16 1996-03-21 Wilson David Jr Split socket with movable facets and drive assembly
GB2310582A (en) * 1996-03-01 1997-09-03 Geraldton Plumbing Co Pty Ltd Air grain cleaner
GB2310582B (en) * 1996-03-01 1999-04-14 Geraldton Plumbing Co Pty Ltd Air grain cleaner
AU733609B2 (en) * 1997-02-18 2001-05-17 Debex (Proprietary) Limited Particle conditioning method and apparatus
ES2331826A1 (en) * 2007-10-24 2010-01-15 Luis Eguilaz De Prado Dry separation device of stones and fruits. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
ES2331826B1 (en) * 2007-10-24 2010-09-24 Luis Eguilaz De Prado DRY STONE AND FRUIT SEPARATION DEVICE.
CN112524997A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-03-19 江苏科技大学 Modularized bullet holder separating device and using method thereof

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