WO1992001973A3 - Outil d'emboutissage - Google Patents
Outil d'emboutissage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1992001973A3 WO1992001973A3 PCT/US1991/005085 US9105085W WO9201973A3 WO 1992001973 A3 WO1992001973 A3 WO 1992001973A3 US 9105085 W US9105085 W US 9105085W WO 9201973 A3 WO9201973 A3 WO 9201973A3
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- embossing tool
- embossing
- transfer layer
- substrate
- relief pattern
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 title abstract 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000992 sputter etching Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H1/0276—Replicating a master hologram without interference recording
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H1/0276—Replicating a master hologram without interference recording
- G03H1/028—Replicating a master hologram without interference recording by embossing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H1/0276—Replicating a master hologram without interference recording
- G03H2001/0292—Replicating a master hologram without interference recording by masking
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H1/0276—Replicating a master hologram without interference recording
- G03H2001/0296—Formation of the master hologram
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
- G03H1/0402—Recording geometries or arrangements
- G03H2001/043—Non planar recording surface, e.g. curved surface
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
- G03H1/0476—Holographic printer
- G03H2001/0482—Interference based printer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2223/00—Optical components
- G03H2223/14—Diffuser, e.g. lens array, random phase mask
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2224/00—Writing means other than actinic light wave
- G03H2224/04—Particle beam, e.g. e-beam
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2225/00—Active addressable light modulator
- G03H2225/10—Shape or geometry
- G03H2225/11—1D SLM
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2260/00—Recording materials or recording processes
- G03H2260/14—Photoresist
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2260/00—Recording materials or recording processes
- G03H2260/50—Reactivity or recording processes
- G03H2260/63—Indirect etching, e.g. lithography
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2270/00—Substrate bearing the hologram
- G03H2270/10—Composition
- G03H2270/13—Metallic
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2270/00—Substrate bearing the hologram
- G03H2270/20—Shape
- G03H2270/21—Curved bearing surface
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Holo Graphy (AREA)
Abstract
Procédé et appareil servant à fabriquer des outils d'emboutissage résistants. On emploie un procédé de gravure anisotrope, tel qu'un procédé de gravure ionique, pour graver un motif en relief sur un substrat dur. On forme une couche de transfert sur une zone de surface globalement lisse et sans soudure d'un substrat. On forme un motif en relief prédéterminé dans la couche de transfert en exposant un agent photorésistant, un agent d'emboutissage ou autre. Le substrat comprenant l'agent photorésistant sur sa surface est soumis à une gravure anisotrope. La gravure anisotrope se poursuit jusqu'à ce que la couche de transfert soit entièrement éliminée et jusqu'à ce que le motif en relief soit formé dans la surface supérieure de l'outil d'emboutissage. Les taux de gravure relatifs entre la couche de transfert et la zone de surface de l'outil d'emboutissage sont choisis pour permettre la variation désirée de la profondeur dans la surface de l'outil d'emboutissage. L'outil d'emboutissage fabriqué suivant le procédé de cette invention possède une surface relativement dure et on peut donc l'utiliser pour la production à grande échelle d'images holographiques sans qu'il se produise une dégradation significative du motif. Etant donné que l'on peut fabriquer l'outil d'emboutissage avec un matériau extrêmement dur comme du chrome ou de l'acier trempé, on peut à présent créer par emboutissage des hologrammes sur des matériaux tels que de l'aluminium ou de l'acier, que l'on ne pouvait utiliser jusqu'à présent de manière rentable, à l'aide de l'outil d'emboutissage fabriqué suivant le procédé de cette invention.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US55616490A | 1990-07-20 | 1990-07-20 | |
US556,164 | 1990-07-20 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1992001973A2 WO1992001973A2 (fr) | 1992-02-06 |
WO1992001973A3 true WO1992001973A3 (fr) | 1992-03-19 |
Family
ID=24220166
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1991/005085 WO1992001973A2 (fr) | 1990-07-20 | 1991-07-18 | Outil d'emboutissage |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5521030A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU8282691A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1992001973A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (57)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5672410A (en) | 1992-05-11 | 1997-09-30 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Embossed metallic leafing pigments |
FR2701152B1 (fr) * | 1993-02-03 | 1995-03-10 | Digipress Sa | Procédé de fabrication d'un disque maître pour la réalisation d'une matrice de pressage notamment de disques optiques, matrice de pressage obtenue par ce procédé et disque optique obtenu à partir de cette matrice de pressage. |
JP3268929B2 (ja) * | 1993-04-19 | 2002-03-25 | オリンパス光学工業株式会社 | 光学素子の製造方法 |
JPH08512003A (ja) * | 1993-07-27 | 1996-12-17 | フィジィカル オプティクス コーポレーション | 光源の解体成形装置 |
GB2299726B (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1999-07-28 | Rank Cintel Ltd | Diffusers for film scanners and the like |
AP9801217A0 (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1998-03-31 | Sage Tech Incorporated | Optical digital media recording and reproduction system. |
JP3058062B2 (ja) * | 1995-10-13 | 2000-07-04 | 日本電気株式会社 | 光ディスク用記録原盤の製造方 |
US8128856B2 (en) * | 1995-11-15 | 2012-03-06 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Release surfaces, particularly for use in nanoimprint lithography |
US5746865A (en) * | 1996-07-09 | 1998-05-05 | Hampshire Holographic Manufacturing Corp. | Process for transferring holographic images |
US20030182982A1 (en) * | 1997-03-25 | 2003-10-02 | Seagate Technology Llc | Ion milled punch and die for coining disc drive motor bearing surfaces |
DE19721524A1 (de) * | 1997-05-22 | 1998-11-26 | Hsm Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Prägezylinders |
EP1032824A4 (fr) | 1997-10-15 | 2003-07-23 | Aclara Biosciences Inc | Dispositif a microstructure stratifiee et procede de fabrication de ce dispositif |
US6017657A (en) * | 1997-11-26 | 2000-01-25 | Bridgestone Graphic Technologies, Inc. | Method for embossing holograms into aluminum and other hard substrates |
US20040003638A1 (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 2004-01-08 | Schaefer Mark W. | Transfer of holographic images into metal sporting and fitness products |
US5881444A (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 1999-03-16 | Aluminum Company Of America | Techniques for transferring holograms into metal surfaces |
US7094502B2 (en) | 1997-12-12 | 2006-08-22 | Alcon Inc. | Methods for transferring holographic images into metal surfaces |
US6222157B1 (en) | 1998-04-17 | 2001-04-24 | L.A. Batchelder And Sons Consulting, Inc. | Seamless holographic transfer using laser generated optical effect patterns |
US6303276B1 (en) * | 1998-05-08 | 2001-10-16 | Physical Optics Corporation | Method and apparatus for making optical master surface diffusers suitable for producing large format optical components |
JP4458394B2 (ja) * | 1998-05-08 | 2010-04-28 | 旭化成株式会社 | 非干渉光を用いて光学マスターを作成する作成方法 |
EP1003078A3 (fr) | 1998-11-17 | 2001-11-07 | Corning Incorporated | Procédé pour reproduire un motif nanométrique |
IT1303658B1 (it) * | 1998-12-23 | 2001-02-21 | Veneta Decalcogomme S R L | Procedimento per la riproduzione di immagini o di testi su filmmetalizzato olografico in tutte le sue varianti e colori lucido, |
AU5145299A (en) * | 1999-08-09 | 2001-03-05 | Alcan International Limited | Process of producing diffraction gratings on the surfaces of articles |
TW540046B (en) * | 1999-09-01 | 2003-07-01 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd | Optical disk stamper mastering method and apparatus |
DE60118843T2 (de) * | 2000-02-07 | 2006-11-30 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Stempel für ein lithographisches verfahren, methode zur stempelherstellung und methode zur herstellung einer gemusterten schicht auf einem substrat |
GB2360971A (en) * | 2000-04-03 | 2001-10-10 | Suisse Electronique Microtech | Technique for microstructuring replication moulds |
US6454978B1 (en) | 2000-06-16 | 2002-09-24 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Process for making fuel cell plates |
US7923173B1 (en) | 2000-10-19 | 2011-04-12 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Photo definable polyimide film used as an embossing surface |
GB0104611D0 (en) * | 2001-02-23 | 2001-04-11 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Printing plates |
US7108819B2 (en) * | 2001-08-27 | 2006-09-19 | The Boeing Company | Process for fabricating high aspect ratio embossing tool and microstructures |
US20030209819A1 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2003-11-13 | Brown David R. | Process for making micro-optical elements from a gray scale etched master mold |
FI113717B (fi) * | 2001-12-13 | 2004-05-31 | Outokumpu Oy | Menetelmä tekstuuripinnalla varustetun yhdysterminaalin valmistamiseksi ja sen käyttö |
US20040009405A1 (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2004-01-15 | Cheng-Hsiu Chen | Hologram media printing wheel |
DE10232148B4 (de) * | 2002-07-16 | 2009-01-08 | Fiberweb Corovin Gmbh | Verfahren zum flüssigkeitsdurchlässigen Perforieren eines Vlieses |
US20040221639A1 (en) * | 2003-05-06 | 2004-11-11 | Daniel Woo | Coining holographic images into contoured surfaces on hard temper metal products |
US20050015987A1 (en) * | 2003-07-17 | 2005-01-27 | Eastman Kodak Company | Metering roller for fuser release oil applicator |
US20050112472A1 (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-05-26 | Kutsch Wilhelm P. | Seamless holographic embossing substrate produced by laser ablation |
US7833389B1 (en) | 2005-01-21 | 2010-11-16 | Microcontinuum, Inc. | Replication tools and related fabrication methods and apparatus |
US9307648B2 (en) * | 2004-01-21 | 2016-04-05 | Microcontinuum, Inc. | Roll-to-roll patterning of transparent and metallic layers |
US7674103B2 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2010-03-09 | Microcontinuum, Inc. | Replication tools and related fabrication methods and apparatus |
US20070128748A1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2007-06-07 | Yit-Shun Leung Ki | Microreplication of transitory-image relief pattern based optically variable devices |
TW200529371A (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-01 | Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd | A manufacturing method of a stamper |
US7143495B2 (en) * | 2004-03-05 | 2006-12-05 | Wing Brandon M | Backlight etching process |
US7367759B2 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2008-05-06 | A.M. Precision Machining, Inc. | Surface relief grating image machining process and product |
WO2007001977A2 (fr) | 2005-06-20 | 2007-01-04 | Microcontinuum, Inc. | Systeme et procede pour une configuration cylindre a cylindre |
US7906057B2 (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2011-03-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Nanostructured article and method of making the same |
US7651863B2 (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2010-01-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Surface-enhanced spectroscopic method, flexible structured substrate, and method of making the same |
US20070014997A1 (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2007-01-18 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Tool and method of making and using the same |
WO2007100849A2 (fr) | 2006-02-27 | 2007-09-07 | Microcontinuum, Inc. | Formation d'outils de reproduction de motifs |
WO2007111469A1 (fr) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-04 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Procédé de formation de nanomotif et substrat sur lequel est formé un motif selon le procédé |
GB0624463D0 (en) * | 2006-12-07 | 2007-01-17 | Falcontec Ltd | Process for producing a die |
BR122018011175B1 (pt) * | 2007-05-25 | 2021-02-02 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | representação e matéria impressa com informações |
US20110195266A1 (en) * | 2010-02-06 | 2011-08-11 | Illinois Tool Works | Seamless sleeve and seamless substrate |
US8845912B2 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2014-09-30 | Microcontinuum, Inc. | Tools and methods for forming semi-transparent patterning masks |
US9308726B2 (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2016-04-12 | Xerox Corporation | Printhead fluid paths formed with sacrificial material patterned using additive manufacturing processes |
US9589797B2 (en) | 2013-05-17 | 2017-03-07 | Microcontinuum, Inc. | Tools and methods for producing nanoantenna electronic devices |
DE102014226970A1 (de) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-02 | Sms Group Gmbh | Oberflächentexturierung von Umformungswerkzeugen |
JP6790731B2 (ja) * | 2016-11-01 | 2020-11-25 | 東洋製罐グループホールディングス株式会社 | ダイヤモンド膜表面に微細周期構造溝を形成する方法 |
Citations (6)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US3944420A (en) * | 1974-05-22 | 1976-03-16 | Rca Corporation | Generation of permanent phase holograms and relief patterns in durable media by chemical etching |
GB1508660A (en) * | 1974-05-22 | 1978-04-26 | Rca Corp | Method for producing aluminium relief masters |
US4514479A (en) * | 1980-07-01 | 1985-04-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Method of making near infrared polarizers |
US4629282A (en) * | 1980-11-05 | 1986-12-16 | Mcgrew Stephen P | Diffractive color and texture effects for the graphic arts |
WO1989012261A1 (fr) * | 1988-06-03 | 1989-12-14 | Michael Teitel | Hologramme modele et procede de reproduction de micromotifs |
EP0365031A2 (fr) * | 1988-10-21 | 1990-04-25 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Matrice pour hologramme, sa méthode de fabrication et méthode de fabrication d'hologramme |
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US3733258A (en) * | 1971-02-03 | 1973-05-15 | Rca Corp | Sputter-etching technique for recording holograms or other fine-detail relief patterns in hard durable materials |
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-
1991
- 1991-07-18 WO PCT/US1991/005085 patent/WO1992001973A2/fr active Application Filing
- 1991-07-18 AU AU82826/91A patent/AU8282691A/en not_active Abandoned
-
1995
- 1995-06-06 US US08/469,432 patent/US5521030A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3944420A (en) * | 1974-05-22 | 1976-03-16 | Rca Corporation | Generation of permanent phase holograms and relief patterns in durable media by chemical etching |
GB1508660A (en) * | 1974-05-22 | 1978-04-26 | Rca Corp | Method for producing aluminium relief masters |
US4514479A (en) * | 1980-07-01 | 1985-04-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Method of making near infrared polarizers |
US4629282A (en) * | 1980-11-05 | 1986-12-16 | Mcgrew Stephen P | Diffractive color and texture effects for the graphic arts |
WO1989012261A1 (fr) * | 1988-06-03 | 1989-12-14 | Michael Teitel | Hologramme modele et procede de reproduction de micromotifs |
EP0365031A2 (fr) * | 1988-10-21 | 1990-04-25 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Matrice pour hologramme, sa méthode de fabrication et méthode de fabrication d'hologramme |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU8282691A (en) | 1992-02-18 |
WO1992001973A2 (fr) | 1992-02-06 |
US5521030A (en) | 1996-05-28 |
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