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WO1992008225A1 - Treatment of acoustic noise generated by vehicles - Google Patents

Treatment of acoustic noise generated by vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992008225A1
WO1992008225A1 PCT/GB1991/001859 GB9101859W WO9208225A1 WO 1992008225 A1 WO1992008225 A1 WO 1992008225A1 GB 9101859 W GB9101859 W GB 9101859W WO 9208225 A1 WO9208225 A1 WO 9208225A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
source
vibration
vehicle
vehicle operating
treatment unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1991/001859
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Anthony Malcolm Mcdonald
David Charles Quinn
David Christopher Perry
Original Assignee
Lotus Cars Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lotus Cars Limited filed Critical Lotus Cars Limited
Publication of WO1992008225A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992008225A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K15/00—Acoustics not otherwise provided for
    • G10K15/02—Synthesis of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
    • G10K11/17883—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal the reference signal being derived from a machine operating condition, e.g. engine RPM or vehicle speed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17885—General system configurations additionally using a desired external signal, e.g. pass-through audio such as music or speech
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/103—Three dimensional
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/108—Communication systems, e.g. where useful sound is kept and noise is cancelled
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/128—Vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3045—Multiple acoustic inputs, single acoustic output
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/321—Physical
    • G10K2210/3225—Radio or other sources used in ANC for transfer function estimation; Means to avoid interference between desired signals, e.g. from a car stereo, and the ANC signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/50—Miscellaneous
    • G10K2210/51—Improving tonal quality, e.g. mimicking sports cars

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the treatment of acoustic noise generated by vehicles, in particular road vehicles.
  • acoustic noise can be generated by vibrations transmitted through the suspension (road noise) , the passage of wind over the surface of the vehicle (wind noise) and noise generated by the vehicle engine (engine noise) , and noise generated by the vehicle exhaust (exhaust noise) for example.
  • Acoustic noise within a vehicle cabin comprises sound within the cabin and/or vibration of vehicle panels and components. (The term vibration being considered hereinafter to be confined to vibration of vehicle components and not airborne vibrations) .
  • Vehicle bystanders are also exposed to acoustic noise generated by a vehicle.
  • One of the main contributors to such noise is the vehicle exhaust and engine which produce a characteristic vehicle sound.
  • Acoustic noise can be reduced by passive methods such as the use of absorbing material or by active methods in which an anti-phase acoustic signal is utilised.
  • WO 89/11841 Various proposals have been made for the active cancellation of undesired sound experienced by cabin occupants and bystanders.
  • One example (WO 89/11841) involves the use of microphones and loudspeakers mounted in a car seat to monitor audible noise adjacent to the ears of a seat occupant.
  • WO 88/02912 describes a particularly flexible system for the cancellation of sound within a vehicle cabin by the control of vibrations of vehicle components as well as the control of audible noise within the cabin using loudspeakers and/or vibrators.
  • the present invention provides an acoustic control apparatus for use in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising a first source of signals representing a desired vehicle operating vibration or a desired vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound, control means selectively operable and/or responsive to vehicle operation to control the signals from the first source to provide outputs to at least one transducer so as to create for an occupant of the vehicle a desired vehicle operating vibration or a desired vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound.
  • Such an " apparatus can be integrated with a noise cancellation system comprising a second source of signals representing undesired vehicle operating vibration or undesired vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound, a noise cancellation controller adapted to receive the signals from the second source and provide outputs to at least one transducer so as to cancel the undesired vehicle operating vibration or undesired vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound.
  • the second source of signals can be provided by at least one of a microphone, a vibration sensor such as an accelerometer or a vibration sensor that measures vehicle body panel vibration, and an engine ignition signal source.
  • the first source of signals can be provided by at least one of a pre-recorded vehicle operating vibration source or pre-recorded vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound source, and a signal treatment unit receiving signals representative of engine speed from at least one of a microphone, a vibration sensor such as an active engine mount or a vibration sensor that measures vehicle body panel vibration, and an engine ignition signal source.
  • the signal treatment unit may be adapted to shape the received signals to provide the signals representing the desired vehicle operating vibration or desired vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound, or it may comprise a synthesiser controlled by a .microprocessor.
  • the signal treatment unit may be responsive to at least one of an engine throttle control or received signals from the second source of signals, to adjust its output in response.
  • the vehicle operating vibration or vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound experienced by the vehicle occupant can be controlled such that, for instance, the sound and "feel" of a low performance vehicle can be adjusted to give the sound and "feel” of a high performance vehicle, or the sound and "feel” of any vehicle type can be produced as desired.
  • transducers can be distributed throughout the vehicle such that not only the sound within the cabin is modified, but also the vibrations experienced by the cabin occupants are modified to a more desired result. Modification of the sound within the cabin can be provided by output not only from loudspeakers which may comprise the loudspeakers of the in-car entertainment system, but also from other transducers such as "smart panels".
  • the sound within the cabin can be monitored by transducers such as microphones to provide feedback for modification of the sound input to the cabin to enable the desired sound to be reached. Coupled to the attainment of a desired sound within the cabin, is the attainment of a desired vibration experienced within the cabin. This can be achieved by the control of transducers coupled to vehicle panels 1 and components such that undesired vibration can be cancelled whilst desired vibrations are input. Transducers for cancelling undesired vibration and inputting desired vibration may be active engine mounts, "smart panels" or simple vibrators. One simple arrangement that could provide a direct effect on the occupants, is the coupling of a vibrator to the seats together with a feedback transducer, to provide a desired vibration to an occupant. In such a system individual controls may be provided for respective seats ⁇ such that occupants of different seats can experience different vibration.
  • the apparatus provides a mix of measuring transducers and actuating transducers to provide the desired degree of control of the vibration and sound experienced within the cabin.
  • the desired vibration or vibration and sound experienced in the cabin can be dependent on the engine speed and the load experienced by the engine as determined by an engine throttle control.
  • the vibration or vibration and sound experienced in the cabin can be closely representative of the driving conditions.
  • a further control can be provided for the occupants wherein the apparatus can be switched off, or the balance of vibration and sound control varied. Such control allows an occupant to tune the system as desired.
  • noise cancellation controller that provides for good control is of the kind described in WO 88/02912, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the invention also provides an acoustic control apparatus for use in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising a first source of signals representing a desired sound related to vehicle operation, control means selectively operable and/or responsive to vehicle operation to control the signals from the first source to provide outputs to transducers so as to create a desired vehicle operating sound externally to the vehicle.
  • This apparatus may also incorporate a noise cancellation controller of the described type.
  • exhaust or engine noise for example can be modified by the use of transducers to provide a sound to a vehicle bystander that is more desirable.
  • Figure 1 is a block circuit diagram of a combined in-car entertainment system and an acoustic control apparatus according to one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the modified form of the circuit of the signal treatment unit of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram of the noise cancellation system shown in Figure 1.
  • the apparatus illustrated in Figure l is an integrated system comprising all the components necessary to provide control over the vibration and sound experienced by an occupant of the cabin of a vehicle or a vehicle bystander.
  • the in-car entertainment (I.C.E.) components of the circuit comprise an audio signal source constituted by a radio tuner 2 connected to an aerial 4, and a deck or decks 5 for playing one or more of compact discs, digitally recorded tapes or cassettes.
  • the outputs from the tuner 2 and the deck or decks 5 are fed to a pre-amplifier 6 fitted with a conventional control arrangement 7 for signal source selection and for output adjustment, such as volume, base and treble controls, or graphic equalisation, and switching instruments.
  • These I.C.E. components provide signals* on a plurality N of output channels and balance and fader controls 7 are provided.
  • the pre-amplifier outputs associated with the audio signal are supplied by way of a mixer 9, preferably a balance mixer, to a power amplifier 10 which powers one or more loudspeakers 11 located in the vehicle cabin. Not all the loudspeakers 11 need be located in the cabin, but those receiving signals from the I.C.E. system are so confined.
  • the apparatus provides control over the sound and vibration experienced in the cabin of the vehicle and sound experienced by vehicle bystanders.
  • the apparatus includes a pre-recorded vibration and sound source 15 which can comprise a deck of one or other of the types of deck mentioned with reference to deck 5, but which need not have the usual facility for selective replacement of signal storage medium. Operation of the source 15 is dependent on a control signal related to vehicle operation, typically throttle movement or gear changes, derived from a transducer 16 supplied to the source 15 on line 17, so that the source delivers signals representing the vibration and/or sound of acceleration of a high powered vehicle, or other such desirable vibrations and or sounds, during acceleration or other operation of the vehicle in which the apparatus is installed.
  • the source 15 need not be controlled by -the transducer 16 and the output signal can be continuous or can be switchable by the vehicle occupants.
  • the apparatus includes a source 3 of signals representing engine speed.
  • the source 3 can either be a microphone, a vibration sensor or an engine ignition signal source. This signal is fed on line 34 to a signal treatment unit 21.
  • the signal treatment unit 21 can comprise a relatively simple shaping circuit where this can provide a satisfactory output to the pre-amplifier 6.
  • the signal treatment unit can comprise a synthesiser 24 controlled by a microprocessor 25.
  • the input on line 34 from the source 3 is used to trigger the generation of a desired output from the synthesiser on line 19 to the pre-amplifer 6.
  • The. signal treatment unit 21 also receives a feedback signal on line 32 from transducers 31.
  • the transducers 31 ' may be microphones which may be located in the vehicle cabin or adjacent a source of noise. Alternatively, the transducers 31 could be vibration sensors such as accelerometers adjacent engine mounts or vehicle suspension components or "smart panels".
  • the output of transducers 31 is also input into a noise cancellation controller 30.
  • the noise cancellation controller also receives a signal from the source 3 on line 35 and an output from the pre-amplifier on line 33 representing the desired signal output to produce the desired vibration and/or sound.
  • the loudspeakers 11 and vibrators 8 receiving signals from the deck 5 or the signal treatment unit 21 can be located anywhere in or on the vehicle. The position of these transducers depends on the vibration and sound desired at locations in and around the vehicle.
  • the noise cancellation controller 30 operates by comparing the signals from the transducers 31 on P channels with the desired signal on line 33 from the pre-amplifier 6. This comparison is performed by differential amplifiers 40. The resulting difference or undesired signal is then bandpass filtered in filters 41, multiplexed using multiplex 42 and converted from analogue to digital using the analogue to digital converters 43. This signal is then manipulated by the central processor unit 44 using the algorithm described in WO 88/02912 utilising the memories 45 and 46. The output noise cancellation signal is converted from digital to analogue using the digital to analogue converters 47 and then bandpass filtered using the filters 48 before being output on L channels from the noise cancellation controller 30.
  • the output from the noise cancellation controller 30 is then mixed in the mixer 9 with the N channels from the pre-amplifer 6 to provide an output of M channels which are input to a power amplifier or amplifiers, the output- from which goes to transducers such as loudspeakers 11 and vibrators 8.
  • the loudspeakers 11 could be located in the vehicle cabin or engine compartment and the vibrators could be located adjacent -the vibration sensors already described.
  • the noise cancellation controller 30, in cancelling noise, compares the desired signal necessary to produce the desired vibration and sound which is represented by the signal on line 33, with the measured vibration and sound provided from transducers 31.
  • the output from the power amplifier 10 can be supplied to an array of many types of transducers 11 or 8 or in a simple case just one type of transducer such as loudspeakers 11.
  • the measuring transducers 31 are an array of transducers of mixed type but in a simple case these may be of just a single type such as microphones.
  • the transducers 11 and 8 can be provided anywhere on or in the vehicle as appropriate to produce the desired vibration and/or sound within the cabin or externally to the vehicle.
  • the measuring transducers 31 can similarly be placed anywhere on or in the vehicle to monitor the vibration and/or sound produced by the vehicle. Thus there is a large degree of flexibility in the system such that the system can be designed to provide the acoustic control desired in a particular vehicle.
  • the apparatus can provide for the production of a desired vibration and/or sound without feedback control or noise cancellation.
  • This is a much simpler system and is provided for by an output from the pre-amplifer 6 to an amplifer 29 which in turn drives transducers such as loudspeakers 26 or vibrators 27 •mounted on vehicle panels 28.
  • the desired signal can be provided by deck 5 or by the signal treatment unit 21 with no feedback signal on line 32 from transducers 31.
  • this invention is not limited to engine noise cancellation, as described hereinabove, but may incorporate road noise cancellation for example.
  • the apparatus provides flexibility such that if a cabin occupant wishes only to experience different proportions of desired vibration and sound or vary the sound exterior to the cabin, this can be provided for by the controls 7 of the pre-amplifier 6.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)

Abstract

An acoustic control apparatus for use in a vehicle comprises a first source of signals (15) representing at least one of desired vibration and sound related to vehicle operation, control means (16) selectively operable and/or responsive to vehicle operation to control the signals from the first source (15) to provide outputs to transducers (26, 27) so as to create for an occupant of the vehicle or a vehicle bystander a desired vibration and/or sound experience.

Description

TREATMENT OF ACOUSTIC NOISE GENERATED BY VEHICLES
The invention relates to the treatment of acoustic noise generated by vehicles, in particular road vehicles.
The driver and passengers in the cabins of conventional passenger cars are exposed to a great deal of acoustic noise. Such noise can be generated by vibrations transmitted through the suspension (road noise) , the passage of wind over the surface of the vehicle (wind noise) and noise generated by the vehicle engine (engine noise) , and noise generated by the vehicle exhaust (exhaust noise) for example. Acoustic noise within a vehicle cabin comprises sound within the cabin and/or vibration of vehicle panels and components. (The term vibration being considered hereinafter to be confined to vibration of vehicle components and not airborne vibrations) .
Vehicle bystanders are also exposed to acoustic noise generated by a vehicle. One of the main contributors to such noise is the vehicle exhaust and engine which produce a characteristic vehicle sound.
Acoustic noise can be reduced by passive methods such as the use of absorbing material or by active methods in which an anti-phase acoustic signal is utilised.
Various proposals have been made for the active cancellation of undesired sound experienced by cabin occupants and bystanders. One example (WO 89/11841) involves the use of microphones and loudspeakers mounted in a car seat to monitor audible noise adjacent to the ears of a seat occupant.
WO 88/02912 describes a particularly flexible system for the cancellation of sound within a vehicle cabin by the control of vibrations of vehicle components as well as the control of audible noise within the cabin using loudspeakers and/or vibrators.
There has been a great deal of work done on exhaust noise cancellation. In one system (WO 89/07701) , exhaust noise is cancelled as it is emitted from the exhaust pipe by the use of microphones and loudspeakers.
In our previous, as yet unpublished Patent Application No. PCT/GB90/00597 apparatus is described which provides a desired sound for the occupant of a vehicle. The production of this desired sound can be responsive to vehicle operation. The combination of this apparatus with the noise cancellation system disclosed in WO 88/02912 %is also described in this previous patent application, wherein the noise within the vehicle cabin is cancelled and a desired sound output by loudspeakers and/or a signal is applied to transducers to cause vehicle component vibration such that the sound within the vehicle cabin approaches the desired sound.
The present invention provides an acoustic control apparatus for use in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising a first source of signals representing a desired vehicle operating vibration or a desired vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound, control means selectively operable and/or responsive to vehicle operation to control the signals from the first source to provide outputs to at least one transducer so as to create for an occupant of the vehicle a desired vehicle operating vibration or a desired vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound.
Such an "apparatus can be integrated with a noise cancellation system comprising a second source of signals representing undesired vehicle operating vibration or undesired vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound, a noise cancellation controller adapted to receive the signals from the second source and provide outputs to at least one transducer so as to cancel the undesired vehicle operating vibration or undesired vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound.
In this apparatus the second source of signals can be provided by at least one of a microphone, a vibration sensor such as an accelerometer or a vibration sensor that measures vehicle body panel vibration, and an engine ignition signal source.
The first source of signals can be provided by at least one of a pre-recorded vehicle operating vibration source or pre-recorded vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound source, and a signal treatment unit receiving signals representative of engine speed from at least one of a microphone, a vibration sensor such as an active engine mount or a vibration sensor that measures vehicle body panel vibration, and an engine ignition signal source. The signal treatment unit may be adapted to shape the received signals to provide the signals representing the desired vehicle operating vibration or desired vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound, or it may comprise a synthesiser controlled by a .microprocessor. The signal treatment unit may be responsive to at least one of an engine throttle control or received signals from the second source of signals, to adjust its output in response.
Thus the vehicle operating vibration or vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound experienced by the vehicle occupant can be controlled such that, for instance, the sound and "feel" of a low performance vehicle can be adjusted to give the sound and "feel" of a high performance vehicle, or the sound and "feel" of any vehicle type can be produced as desired. Thus, transducers can be distributed throughout the vehicle such that not only the sound within the cabin is modified, but also the vibrations experienced by the cabin occupants are modified to a more desired result. Modification of the sound within the cabin can be provided by output not only from loudspeakers which may comprise the loudspeakers of the in-car entertainment system, but also from other transducers such as "smart panels". The sound within the cabin can be monitored by transducers such as microphones to provide feedback for modification of the sound input to the cabin to enable the desired sound to be reached. Coupled to the attainment of a desired sound within the cabin, is the attainment of a desired vibration experienced within the cabin. This can be achieved by the control of transducers coupled to vehicle panels1 and components such that undesired vibration can be cancelled whilst desired vibrations are input. Transducers for cancelling undesired vibration and inputting desired vibration may be active engine mounts, "smart panels" or simple vibrators. One simple arrangement that could provide a direct effect on the occupants, is the coupling of a vibrator to the seats together with a feedback transducer, to provide a desired vibration to an occupant. In such a system individual controls may be provided for respective seats^ such that occupants of different seats can experience different vibration.
Thus the apparatus provides a mix of measuring transducers and actuating transducers to provide the desired degree of control of the vibration and sound experienced within the cabin.
For an apparatus concerned primarily with cancellation of noise generated by an engine, the desired vibration or vibration and sound experienced in the cabin can be dependent on the engine speed and the load experienced by the engine as determined by an engine throttle control. Thus the vibration or vibration and sound experienced in the cabin can be closely representative of the driving conditions.
A further control can be provided for the occupants wherein the apparatus can be switched off, or the balance of vibration and sound control varied. Such control allows an occupant to tune the system as desired.
The type of noise cancellation controller that provides for good control is of the kind described in WO 88/02912, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The invention also provides an acoustic control apparatus for use in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising a first source of signals representing a desired sound related to vehicle operation, control means selectively operable and/or responsive to vehicle operation to control the signals from the first source to provide outputs to transducers so as to create a desired vehicle operating sound externally to the vehicle.
This apparatus may also incorporate a noise cancellation controller of the described type. Thus exhaust or engine noise for example can be modified by the use of transducers to provide a sound to a vehicle bystander that is more desirable.
Examples of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-
Figure 1 is a block circuit diagram of a combined in-car entertainment system and an acoustic control apparatus according to one embodiment of the invention;
Figure 2 shows the modified form of the circuit of the signal treatment unit of Figure 1; and
Figure 3 is a block diagram of the noise cancellation system shown in Figure 1. The apparatus illustrated in Figure l is an integrated system comprising all the components necessary to provide control over the vibration and sound experienced by an occupant of the cabin of a vehicle or a vehicle bystander.
The in-car entertainment (I.C.E.) components of the circuit comprise an audio signal source constituted by a radio tuner 2 connected to an aerial 4, and a deck or decks 5 for playing one or more of compact discs, digitally recorded tapes or cassettes. The outputs from the tuner 2 and the deck or decks 5 are fed to a pre-amplifier 6 fitted with a conventional control arrangement 7 for signal source selection and for output adjustment, such as volume, base and treble controls, or graphic equalisation, and switching instruments. These I.C.E. components provide signals* on a plurality N of output channels and balance and fader controls 7 are provided. The pre-amplifier outputs associated with the audio signal are supplied by way of a mixer 9, preferably a balance mixer, to a power amplifier 10 which powers one or more loudspeakers 11 located in the vehicle cabin. Not all the loudspeakers 11 need be located in the cabin, but those receiving signals from the I.C.E. system are so confined.
In order to control the vehicle acoustics, the apparatus provides control over the sound and vibration experienced in the cabin of the vehicle and sound experienced by vehicle bystanders. The apparatus includes a pre-recorded vibration and sound source 15 which can comprise a deck of one or other of the types of deck mentioned with reference to deck 5, but which need not have the usual facility for selective replacement of signal storage medium. Operation of the source 15 is dependent on a control signal related to vehicle operation, typically throttle movement or gear changes, derived from a transducer 16 supplied to the source 15 on line 17, so that the source delivers signals representing the vibration and/or sound of acceleration of a high powered vehicle, or other such desirable vibrations and or sounds, during acceleration or other operation of the vehicle in which the apparatus is installed. Alternatively, the source 15 need not be controlled by -the transducer 16 and the output signal can be continuous or can be switchable by the vehicle occupants.
Instead of or as well as the source 15, the apparatus includes a source 3 of signals representing engine speed. The source 3 can either be a microphone, a vibration sensor or an engine ignition signal source. This signal is fed on line 34 to a signal treatment unit 21. The signal treatment unit 21 can comprise a relatively simple shaping circuit where this can provide a satisfactory output to the pre-amplifier 6. Alternatively, the signal treatment unit can comprise a synthesiser 24 controlled by a microprocessor 25. The input on line 34 from the source 3 is used to trigger the generation of a desired output from the synthesiser on line 19 to the pre-amplifer 6.
The. signal treatment unit 21 also receives a feedback signal on line 32 from transducers 31. The transducers 31 'may be microphones which may be located in the vehicle cabin or adjacent a source of noise. Alternatively, the transducers 31 could be vibration sensors such as accelerometers adjacent engine mounts or vehicle suspension components or "smart panels". The output of transducers 31 is also input into a noise cancellation controller 30. The noise cancellation controller also receives a signal from the source 3 on line 35 and an output from the pre-amplifier on line 33 representing the desired signal output to produce the desired vibration and/or sound.
The loudspeakers 11 and vibrators 8 receiving signals from the deck 5 or the signal treatment unit 21 can be located anywhere in or on the vehicle. The position of these transducers depends on the vibration and sound desired at locations in and around the vehicle.
Referring to Figure 3, the noise cancellation controller 30 operates by comparing the signals from the transducers 31 on P channels with the desired signal on line 33 from the pre-amplifier 6. This comparison is performed by differential amplifiers 40. The resulting difference or undesired signal is then bandpass filtered in filters 41, multiplexed using multiplex 42 and converted from analogue to digital using the analogue to digital converters 43. This signal is then manipulated by the central processor unit 44 using the algorithm described in WO 88/02912 utilising the memories 45 and 46. The output noise cancellation signal is converted from digital to analogue using the digital to analogue converters 47 and then bandpass filtered using the filters 48 before being output on L channels from the noise cancellation controller 30. The output from the noise cancellation controller 30 is then mixed in the mixer 9 with the N channels from the pre-amplifer 6 to provide an output of M channels which are input to a power amplifier or amplifiers, the output- from which goes to transducers such as loudspeakers 11 and vibrators 8. The loudspeakers 11 could be located in the vehicle cabin or engine compartment and the vibrators could be located adjacent -the vibration sensors already described.
The noise cancellation controller 30, in cancelling noise, compares the desired signal necessary to produce the desired vibration and sound which is represented by the signal on line 33, with the measured vibration and sound provided from transducers 31. The output from the power amplifier 10 can be supplied to an array of many types of transducers 11 or 8 or in a simple case just one type of transducer such as loudspeakers 11. Similarly, the measuring transducers 31 are an array of transducers of mixed type but in a simple case these may be of just a single type such as microphones. The transducers 11 and 8 can be provided anywhere on or in the vehicle as appropriate to produce the desired vibration and/or sound within the cabin or externally to the vehicle. The measuring transducers 31 can similarly be placed anywhere on or in the vehicle to monitor the vibration and/or sound produced by the vehicle. Thus there is a large degree of flexibility in the system such that the system can be designed to provide the acoustic control desired in a particular vehicle.
Alternatively or as well as, the apparatus can provide for the production of a desired vibration and/or sound without feedback control or noise cancellation. This is a much simpler system and is provided for by an output from the pre-amplifer 6 to an amplifer 29 which in turn drives transducers such as loudspeakers 26 or vibrators 27 •mounted on vehicle panels 28.
In such a system the desired signal can be provided by deck 5 or by the signal treatment unit 21 with no feedback signal on line 32 from transducers 31.
A particular example of the invention has been described, but this invention is not limited to engine noise cancellation, as described hereinabove, but may incorporate road noise cancellation for example. Further, the apparatus provides flexibility such that if a cabin occupant wishes only to experience different proportions of desired vibration and sound or vary the sound exterior to the cabin, this can be provided for by the controls 7 of the pre-amplifier 6.

Claims

1. An acoustic control apparatus for use in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising a first source of signals representing a desired vehicle operating vibration or a desired vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound, control means selectively operable and/or responsive to vehicle operation to control the signals from the first source to provide outputs to at least one transducer so as to create for an occupant of the vehicle a desired vehicle operating vibration or a desired vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound.
2. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 further including a second source of signals representing undesired vehicle operating vibration or undesired vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound, a noise cancellation controller adapted to receive the signals from the second source and provide outputs to at least one transducer so as to cancel the undesired vehicle operating vibration or undesired vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound.
3. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 2 wherein the second source comprises at least one of a microphone, a vibration sensor, or an engine ignition signal source.
4.. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 3, wherein the second source includes at least one vibration sensor comprising an accelerometer.
5. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 3, wherein the second source includes at least one vibration sensor measuring vehicle body panel vibration.
6. An apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the first source comprises at least one of a pre-recorded vehicle operating vibration source or pre-recorded vehicle vibration and vehicle operating sound source, and a signal treatment unit receiving signals representative of engine speed from at least one of a microphone, a vibration sensor and an engine ignition signal source.
7 An apparatus as claimed in Claim 6, wherein the first source includes a signal treatment unit, the signal treatment unit being adapted to shape the received signals to provide the signals representing the desired vehicle operaating vibration or the desired vehicle operating vibration and vehicle operating sound. *
8. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 6, wherein the first source includes a signal treatment unit, the signal treatment unit comprising a synthesiser controlled by a microprocessor.
9.. An apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the control means is responsive to an engine throttle control.
10 An apparatus as claimed in Claim 6, 7 or 8, wherein the first source includes a signal treatment unit and the •signal treatment unit is responsive to an engine throttle control.
11. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 6, 7, 8 or 10, wherein the first source includes a signal treatment unit, the signal treatment unit being adapted to receive signals from the second source of signals and to adjust its output in response.
12. An acoustic control apparatus for use in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising a first source of signals representing a desired vehicle operating sound, control means selectively operable and/or responsive to vehicle operation to control the signals from the first source to provide outputs to transducers so as to create a desired vehicle operating sound externally to the vehicle.
13. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 12 further including a second source of signals representing undesired vehicle operating sound related to vehicle operation, a noise cancellation controller adapted to receive1 the signals from the second source and provide outputs to the transducers so as to cancel the undesired vehicle operating sound.
14. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 13, wherein the second source comprises at least one of a microphone, a vibration sensor or an engine ignition signal source.
15. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 14, wherein the second source includes at least one microphone.
16. An apparatus as claimed in any of Claims 12 to 16, wherein the first source comprises at least one of a pre¬ recorded sound source, and a signal treatment unit receiving signals representative of engine speed from at least one of a microphone, a vibration sensor and an engine ignition signal source.
17. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 16, wherein the first source includes a signal treatment unit, the signal treatment unit being adapted to shape the received signals to provide the signals representing the desired vehicle operating, sound.
13. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 16, wherein the first source includes a signal treatment unit, the signal treatment unit comprising a synthesiser controlled by a microprocessor.
19. An apparatus as claimed in any of Claims 12 to.18, wherein the control means is responsive to an engine throttle control.
20. An apparatus as claimed in Claims 16, 17 or 18, wherein the first source includes a signal treatment unit and the signal treatment unit is responsive to an engine throttle control.
21. An apparatus as claimed in Claims 16, 17, 18 or 20, wherein the first source includes a signal treatment unit, the signal treatment unit being adapted to receive signals from the second source of signals and to adjust its output in response.
PCT/GB1991/001859 1990-10-24 1991-10-23 Treatment of acoustic noise generated by vehicles WO1992008225A1 (en)

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GB9023178A GB2252657A (en) 1990-10-24 1990-10-24 Vibration and sound generation in vehicles

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GB2351634A (en) * 1999-06-26 2001-01-03 Thomas Brendan Francis Clarke Audio processing system
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US9299337B2 (en) 2011-01-11 2016-03-29 Bose Corporation Vehicle engine sound enhancement
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FR3088134A1 (en) 2018-11-05 2020-05-08 Renault S.A.S FEEDFORWARD ACTIVE MONITORING SYSTEM FOR THE VEHICLE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE WITH REFERENCE SENSORS NEAR THE MULTIMEDIA SYSTEM
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GB2254979B (en) * 1991-04-20 1994-08-31 Rover Group Active enhancement of recurring sounds
FR2692709A1 (en) * 1992-06-18 1993-12-24 Renault Active control device for noise inside cabin of motor vehicle - uses target signal related to engine or road conditions and minimises received noise against target signal
EP0578202A3 (en) * 1992-07-06 1995-09-20 Mazda Motor Vibration damping system for vehicle
EP0585875A3 (en) * 1992-08-31 1995-08-02 Mazda Motor Motor vehicle vibration damping arrangement.
US5617315A (en) * 1992-08-31 1997-04-01 Mazda Motor Corporation Active vibration damping system for a vehicle
GB2305328A (en) * 1995-08-26 1997-04-02 Fichtel & Sachs Ag Controlling vibrations in a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle and detecting dfects in a motor vehicle
US5748748A (en) * 1995-08-26 1998-05-05 Fichtel & Sachs Ag Apparatus and method for influencing oscillations in the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle and apparatus and method for detecting defects in a motor vehicle
DE19746523B4 (en) * 1996-11-02 2006-06-08 Volkswagen Ag Method for generating sound in motor vehicles and a circuit arrangement for carrying out the method
DE19911335A1 (en) * 1999-03-15 2000-09-21 Volkswagen Ag Engine noise adjuster in car inside with body noise sensor associated with car engine and/or air sound sensor
GB2351634A (en) * 1999-06-26 2001-01-03 Thomas Brendan Francis Clarke Audio processing system
DE102004030942A1 (en) * 2004-06-26 2006-01-12 Deutsche Telekom Ag Process for sound synthesis in automobiles in which simulation output is used to provide sound compensation within vehicle cabin
US8320581B2 (en) 2010-03-03 2012-11-27 Bose Corporation Vehicle engine sound enhancement
US9299337B2 (en) 2011-01-11 2016-03-29 Bose Corporation Vehicle engine sound enhancement
WO2016189075A1 (en) * 2015-05-26 2016-12-01 Jaguar Land Rover Limited Active vibration control apparatus and method
WO2017089041A1 (en) 2015-11-27 2017-06-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Motor vehicle and method for operating a motor vehicle
DE102015223523A1 (en) 2015-11-27 2017-06-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Motor vehicle and method for operating a motor vehicle
DE102015223517A1 (en) 2015-11-27 2017-06-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Motor vehicle and method for operating a motor vehicle
FR3088134A1 (en) 2018-11-05 2020-05-08 Renault S.A.S FEEDFORWARD ACTIVE MONITORING SYSTEM FOR THE VEHICLE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE WITH REFERENCE SENSORS NEAR THE MULTIMEDIA SYSTEM
WO2020094408A1 (en) 2018-11-05 2020-05-14 Renault S.A.S Feedforward active control system for motor vehicle running noise with reference sensors adjacent to the multimedia system
CN113272892A (en) * 2018-11-05 2021-08-17 雷诺股份公司 Feedforward active control system for motor vehicle operating noise with reference sensor adjacent to multimedia system
CN113272892B (en) * 2018-11-05 2023-11-03 雷诺股份公司 Feedforward active control system for motor vehicle operating noise with reference sensors adjacent to multimedia systems
DE102020103163A1 (en) 2020-02-07 2021-08-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for generating simulated engine noises in a motor vehicle

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