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WO1992008776A1 - Bougie a auto-extinction - Google Patents

Bougie a auto-extinction Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992008776A1
WO1992008776A1 PCT/SE1991/000757 SE9100757W WO9208776A1 WO 1992008776 A1 WO1992008776 A1 WO 1992008776A1 SE 9100757 W SE9100757 W SE 9100757W WO 9208776 A1 WO9208776 A1 WO 9208776A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
candle
sleeve
wick
flame
molten
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1991/000757
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Leif Johansson
Original Assignee
Leif Johansson
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leif Johansson filed Critical Leif Johansson
Publication of WO1992008776A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992008776A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C5/00—Candles
    • C11C5/006—Candles wicks, related accessories
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C5/00—Candles
    • C11C5/008—Candles characterised by their form; Composite candles, e.g. candles containing zones of different composition, inclusions, or the like

Definitions

  • Candles which are self-extinguishing at a predestined point are previously known in different designs. Besides candles with mechanical extinguishing arrangements there are candles which are self-extinguishing due to the fact that the wick or the candle-material is manipulated at a predestined point.
  • This invention is intended to be applied to a candle comprising a body of candle-material with an integral wick.
  • the purpose of the invention is to bring about self-extinction of the candle-flame when it has burnt down to a certain point on the wick.
  • the wick is partially enclosed in a specially designed sleeve.
  • the purpose of this invention is to provide a self-exting ⁇ uishing candle of reliable function, extinguishing calmly without causing any disadvantages such as spattering or unnecessary emission of fumes.
  • the candle shall extinguish at a predestined level, and the wick shall be kept centered in the candle body.
  • a further purpose of the invention is to provide a self-extinguishing candle of a function/design which is practical to produce.
  • the invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the appended drawings. DESCRIPTION OF THE SLEEVE
  • the sleeve (3) is placed on/around the wick (2), which means that it is located between the body of candle-material (1) and the wick (2).
  • the sleeve is made of a material which is difficult to ignite and which conducts heat sufficiently to liquefy the candle-material in a zone (5) round the sleeve (3) along the whole or part of its length, Figs. 2, 3.
  • An example of a suitable sleeve material is thin sheet-metal.
  • the sleeve should be designed in its upper part so that the candle-flame (4) stops there on its progression down the wick. This can, for example, be achieved by the sleeve enclosing the wick so closely that the candle-flame cannot burn along the wick inside the sleeve due to, for example, lack of oxygen.
  • the sleeve should also be of such a design and of such dimensions, or be equipped with a suitable arrangement, to allow the molten/liquid candle-material to be drained round the sleeve/wick and conveyed to the candle-flame by means of the suction force the wick/candle-flame exerts and/or in other ways, for example due to capillary forces (for example by channel/channels in the sleeve).
  • the sleeve is equipped with an anchorage (6) which extends in the candle body in such a way that it is not entirely surrounded by molten or sufficiently softened candle- material.
  • the sleeve can also be designed in such dimensions that its lower part is not surrounded by molten or sufficiently softened candle-material, Fig. 5.
  • Another way of ensuring that such molten candle-material does not appear round the lower part of the sleeve is to manufacture the sleeve in different materials, where the lower part/parts have low thermal conducti ⁇ vity, Fig. 6.
  • Fig. 9 An example of the sleeve design where a channel/channels are formed in the sleeve is shown in Fig. 9.
  • the molten candle-material is here conveyed to the wick/candle-flame by capillary forces prevailing in the channels.
  • the channels may also contain materials with suction capability and thus facili- tate the drainage and conveyance of molten/liquid candle-material.
  • the channel/channels can also be combined with an aperture/apertures in the sleeve, Figs. 10, 11, 12.
  • the sleeve may also be manufactured from materials which have such a structure as to permit the molten candle-material to pass through, for example porosities, and thence on to the wick/candle- flame.
  • the candle-flame (4) burns in the usual way down the wick (2), Fig. 13, until it reaches the upper part of the sleeve (3), Fig. 14, which is placed on or round the wick (2).
  • the candle-flame is prevented from continuing to burn along the wick (2), here enclosed by the sleeve (3).
  • This enclosure prevents the candle-flame (4) from burning inside the sleeve (3) due to, for example, lack of oxygen.
  • the candle-flame (4) has thus been stopped at that part of the wick (2) which is located at the upper edge of the sleeve (3).
  • the wick/candle-flame is still able to absorb and make use of the surrounding molten/liquid candle-material.
  • the candle will not go out by itself until the candle-flame is supplied with an insufficient amount of fuel (candle-material) or until the part of the wick located at the upper edge of the sleeve is consumed (burnt).
  • the sleeve (3) Due to its proximity to the candle-flame (4), the sleeve (3) is heated to a temperature above the melting-point of the candle-material. Thermal cond- uctivity, heat transfer, heat radiation etc. cause the candle-material nearest to the sleeve (3) to melt or liquefy, and a zone of molten/liquid candle-material (5) is formed, Fig. 15.
  • the molten/liquid candle- material is conveyed to the candle-flame which is located at the upper edge of the sleeve, where it is burnt up.
  • the molten/liquid candle- material (5) is drained around the sleeve and the wick, thus forming a cavity in the candle body, Figs. 16, 17.
  • This causes the candle to become self- extinct, Fig. 18, since the wick/candle-flame is not subsequently supplied with any candle-material.
  • the process is illustrated in more detail in Figs. 19, 20, 21 for one variant of the sleeve.
  • the sleeve can also be designed so that other mechanisms contribute to the drainage effect as well, see below.
  • the wick (2) with the sleeve (3) is kept centered in place by the anchorage (6).
  • wick and the sleeve Another way of keeping the wick and the sleeve centered is to design the sleeve so that its lower part is constantly surrounded by solid or viscous candle-material, Figs. 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27. The process is shown in more detail in Figs. 28, 29, 30.
  • the candle-flame (4) which is located at the upper edge of the sleeve (3) gives off heat that to some extent continues to melt the remaining solid candle-material at the upper part of the candle body and on the inside of the cavity walls. This flows down and collects in the previously molten candle- material or in the bottom of the cavity.
  • molten candle-material (5) to the wick/candle- flame depends on its suction capability and can be achieved by special means, for example apertures or channels in the sleeve (3).
  • mecha ⁇ nisms for example capillary forces, can act to drain molten/liquid candle- material (5) to the wick/candle-flame. This mechanism thus is a result of the shape and design of the sleeve.
  • Fig. 31 illustrates how the combination of the wick/candle-flame suction capability and capillary forces can contribute to the drainage.
  • the sleeve (3) placed on the wick (2), prevents the candle-flame (4) from burning further down the wick than to the upper edge of the sleeve.
  • the wick is in this part gradually consumed (burnt). If this continues for a sufficiently long time, the candle-flame may be extinguished also for this reason.
  • the above mentioned causes of extinction may also act together to exting ⁇ uish the candle-flame.
  • the wick at the upper edge of the sleeve, where the candle-flame is flaming out from the wick becomes progressively smaller due to the fact that it is being consumed. This also means that the candle-flame becomes smaller and generates less heat, which in turn leads to the candle-material becoming viscous or solid, so that conveyance of candle-material to the wick/candle-flame is reduced or terminated.
  • Another example of the coaction of these features is the follo ⁇ wing; When transport of candle-material to the wick/candle-flame is reduced or terminated, the wick is consumed (burnt) more rapidly.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Bougie à auto-extinction comportant un corps (1) de cire ou analogue auquel est incorporée une mèche (2). Sur une partie de sa longueur, la mèche est enrobée d'une gaine (3) destinée à empêcher que la flamme (4) ne continue de consumer la mèche et à diriger vers ladite flamme (4) la cire foudue ou liquide qui s'est accumulée autour de la gaine et de la mèche. Cette bougie est caractérisée en ce que la gaine (3) est placée entre le corps (1) de cire ou analogue et la mèche (2), et en ce que la gaine (3) est constituée d'un matériau difficilement inflammable présentant une bonne diffusivité thermique.
PCT/SE1991/000757 1990-11-14 1991-11-11 Bougie a auto-extinction WO1992008776A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9003622-9 1990-11-14
SE9003622A SE9003622L (sv) 1990-11-14 1990-11-14 Sjaelvslaeckande ljus, innefattande en hylsa anordnad mellan veken och ljusmassan

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992008776A1 true WO1992008776A1 (fr) 1992-05-29

Family

ID=20380900

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1991/000757 WO1992008776A1 (fr) 1990-11-14 1991-11-11 Bougie a auto-extinction

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU8940091A (fr)
SE (1) SE9003622L (fr)
WO (1) WO1992008776A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997004273A1 (fr) * 1995-07-20 1997-02-06 Schirnecker Hans Ludwig Lampe a paraffine
WO1999023416A1 (fr) * 1997-11-05 1999-05-14 Globol Chemicals (Uk) Limited Bougie a faible combustion
GB2411950A (en) * 2004-03-10 2005-09-14 Mark Leslie Collyer Self-Extinguishing Device for Candles
WO2006136035A1 (fr) * 2005-06-24 2006-12-28 2068706 Ontario Limited Bougie auto-extinguible
US7247017B2 (en) 1999-12-21 2007-07-24 S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Melting plate candles
US7591646B2 (en) 1999-12-21 2009-09-22 S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Heat exchange method for melting plate candle
US20110076631A1 (en) * 2009-09-25 2011-03-31 Robert Peter Wodraska Self-extinguishing candlewick
GB2507835A (en) * 2012-11-13 2014-05-14 Zhongshan Zhongnan Candle Manufacturer Co Ltd Automatic fire extinguisher for a candle

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB189516986A (en) * 1895-09-11 1896-07-18 George Edward Smith An Improved Machine for Bending Railway and other Rails.
FR1423888A (fr) * 1964-11-24 1966-01-07 Kameyama Rosoku Kabushiki Kais Bougie dont la flamme s'éteint d'elle-même
EP0018839A1 (fr) * 1979-05-03 1980-11-12 Frank Michael John Kent Bougies

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB189516986A (en) * 1895-09-11 1896-07-18 George Edward Smith An Improved Machine for Bending Railway and other Rails.
FR1423888A (fr) * 1964-11-24 1966-01-07 Kameyama Rosoku Kabushiki Kais Bougie dont la flamme s'éteint d'elle-même
EP0018839A1 (fr) * 1979-05-03 1980-11-12 Frank Michael John Kent Bougies

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997004273A1 (fr) * 1995-07-20 1997-02-06 Schirnecker Hans Ludwig Lampe a paraffine
US5980241A (en) * 1995-07-20 1999-11-09 Schirneker; Hans-Ludwig Paraffin lamp
WO1999023416A1 (fr) * 1997-11-05 1999-05-14 Globol Chemicals (Uk) Limited Bougie a faible combustion
US6361311B1 (en) 1997-11-05 2002-03-26 Globol Chemicals (Uk) Limited Low burning candle
US7247017B2 (en) 1999-12-21 2007-07-24 S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Melting plate candles
US7591646B2 (en) 1999-12-21 2009-09-22 S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Heat exchange method for melting plate candle
GB2411950A (en) * 2004-03-10 2005-09-14 Mark Leslie Collyer Self-Extinguishing Device for Candles
WO2006136035A1 (fr) * 2005-06-24 2006-12-28 2068706 Ontario Limited Bougie auto-extinguible
US20110076631A1 (en) * 2009-09-25 2011-03-31 Robert Peter Wodraska Self-extinguishing candlewick
GB2507835A (en) * 2012-11-13 2014-05-14 Zhongshan Zhongnan Candle Manufacturer Co Ltd Automatic fire extinguisher for a candle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9003622D0 (sv) 1990-11-14
SE466753B (sv) 1992-03-30
AU8940091A (en) 1992-06-11
SE9003622L (sv) 1992-03-30

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