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WO1993015491A1 - Appareil de brouillage et de debrouillage de documents - Google Patents

Appareil de brouillage et de debrouillage de documents Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1993015491A1
WO1993015491A1 PCT/US1993/000959 US9300959W WO9315491A1 WO 1993015491 A1 WO1993015491 A1 WO 1993015491A1 US 9300959 W US9300959 W US 9300959W WO 9315491 A1 WO9315491 A1 WO 9315491A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
document
output signals
scrambled
version
unscrambling
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1993/000959
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Efraim Arazi
Yitzchak Pomerantz
Original Assignee
Efraim Arazi
Yitzchak Pomerantz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Efraim Arazi, Yitzchak Pomerantz filed Critical Efraim Arazi
Publication of WO1993015491A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993015491A1/fr
Priority to US08/442,636 priority Critical patent/US5491563A/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09C—CIPHERING OR DECIPHERING APPARATUS FOR CRYPTOGRAPHIC OR OTHER PURPOSES INVOLVING THE NEED FOR SECRECY
    • G09C5/00—Ciphering apparatus or methods not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. involving the concealment or deformation of graphic data such as designs, written or printed messages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/44—Secrecy systems
    • H04N1/448—Rendering the image unintelligible, e.g. scrambling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/44—Secrecy systems
    • H04N1/448—Rendering the image unintelligible, e.g. scrambling
    • H04N1/4486—Rendering the image unintelligible, e.g. scrambling using digital data encryption

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to creation and transmission of confidential documents.
  • apparatus for scrambling documents including: apparatus for providing output signals representing the contents of a document; apparatus for operating on the output signals to produce modified output signals representing a scrambled version of the document; and writing apparatus receiving the modified output signals and producing a scrambled version of the document.
  • apparatus for unscrambling documents including: a scanner receiving a document to be unscrambled and providing output signals representing the contents of the document; apparatus for operating on the output signals to produce modified output signals representing a unscrambled version of the document; and writing apparatus receiving the modified output signals and producing a unscrambled version of the document.
  • the apparatus for operating is controlled by a coded input to provide a selected one from a plurality of possible modifications to the output signals. Additionally in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the apparatus .is embodied in a photocopier. Further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the apparatus is embodied in a telefax. Additionally in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the apparatus is embodied in a computer. Additionally in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the apparatus for operating is operative to change the relative positions of multi-pixel regions of a document, without modifying the information content within each of the multi-pixel regions.
  • the apparatus for operating is operative to leave unchanged certain predetermined regions of the document.
  • the apparatus for providing includes a scanner receiving a document to be scrambled and providing output signals representing the contents of the document. Further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, verification of correct unscrambling is provided. Such verification may be carried out by the use of a registration area in the document or by edge correlation operations on adjacent scrambled pixels. Throughout the specification and claims, the term "scrambling" is used in an extremely broad sense, to include any suitable reordering of the information in the document. Scrambling may include encryption, but need not involve encryption.
  • Fig. 1 is a generalized illustration of apparatus for creating and transmitting scrambled documents constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a generalized illustration of "paper flow" in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram illustration of the use of a digital copier in a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is an illustration of one embodiment of document scrambling useful in accordance with the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is an illustration of the utilization of edge correlation in unscrambling a document in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a generalized illustration of apparatus for creating and transmitting scrambled documents constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Ordinary, conventional office machines such as a computer printer 10 and a typewriter 12 may provide a hard copy document, which alternatively may be handwritten.
  • the document is readable by any person without required authorization and is normally human-readable.
  • the hard copy document is provided to a scrambling copier 15, preferably a modified version of a digital copying machine such as a Canon 8580, which is capable of scanning hard copy documents into its memory and then printing them to make copies.
  • the digital copying machine is modified to scramble the contents of the hard copy document which is stored in its memory in accordance with a predetermined scrambling protocol, an example of which is described hereinbelow.
  • a computer generated document may be transmitted directly from a computer 16 via an electronic fax machine 18, such as a fax modem, which generates a readable document which is supplied to the scrambling copier 15.
  • the scrambling copier 15 provides a scrambled hard copy document, which can be handled in any conventional office procedure, such as copying, filing, mailing and faxing, without having the information contained therein disclosed to an unauthorized reader.
  • Unscrambling copier 20 is preferably a digital copying machine such as a Canon 8580, which is capable of scanning scrambled hard copy documents into its memory and then printing them to make unscrambled, preferably human readable, copies.
  • the digital copying machine is modified to unscramble the contents of the hard copy document which is stored in its memory in accordance with a predetermined unscrambling protocol, an example of which will be described hereinbelow, and which is the inverse of the scrambling protocol used to scramble the document.
  • a predetermined unscrambling protocol an example of which will be described hereinbelow
  • the scrambling copier 15 and the unscrambling copier 20 are respectively capable of scrambling and unscrambling a document in a multiplicity of different ways, which are selected by the input of a given code to the copier.
  • the scrambling and unscrambling codes may need to be known to both the transmitter or recipient and may be configured in accordance with any suitable known scrambling and encryption technique.
  • FIG. 2 graphically illustrates a dual paper flow path in a typical office environment in accordance with the present invention.
  • a regular document 50 is dealt with in an entirely normal way in all normal office procedures, such as copying, faxing, mailing and filing. If such a document is desired to be maintained confidential, it is copied on a scrambling copier, such as an enciphering copier and is thus converted into an enciphered document 60 which cannot normally be read by a person.
  • This enciphered document can be dealt with in all office procedures identically to the regular document, but cannot be read by unauthorized persons. An authorized person receiving the enciphered document 60 and being in possession of an.
  • appropriate unscrambling code may readily copy the enciphered document 60 on an unscrambling copier 20, which may or may not be the same copier as scrambling copier 15 and may be remotely located therefrom. All that is required is that the unscrambling copier 20 operate in an inverse manner to the operation of scrambling copier 15.
  • the result of unscrambling is a regular document, which may be entirely identical to original regular document 50 or may contain some indicia to indicate that it has undergone enciphering and deciphering.
  • copiers 15 and 20 operate on fixed scrambling and unscrambling protocols and thus do not require the application of scrambling and unscrambling codes.
  • the copiers 15 and 20 are capable of operation in a multiplicity of different scrambling and unscrambling modes of operation, which are selectable by appropriate codes.
  • the unscrambling code, or part thereof may be carried by the document itself and may be readable by the unscrambling copier. Any other suitable technique of transmitting unscrambling code information may alternatively be employed.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the general structure of the scrambling and unscrambling copiers 15 and 20.
  • the copier comprises a document scanning unit 70 which outputs to a memory 72 which is interactively connected with an enciphering or deciphering program 74, as appropriate, which is typically embodied on a VLSI chip and which outputs to a printing unit 76.
  • a human readable document is scanned by the scanning unit 70 and an enciphered document is produced by the printing unit 76.
  • An enciphering key is provided to the enciphering program 74 for this purpose.
  • a scrambled document is scanned by the scanning unit 70 and a deciphered document is produced by the printing unit 76.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a typical scrambling transformation wherein a multiplicity of multipixel areas 80, here termed “gixels", are transformed from their original relative spatial orientation on a human readable document 82 to a different, scrambled, relative spatial orientation on a scrambled document 84.
  • the contours of the gixels are indicated herein as dotted lines, it being appreciated that such dotted lines do not have to appear on either the original or scrambled document. It is appreciated that within each gixel, the pixel arrangement is unscrambled. Preferably the size of the gixel can be selected by the user.
  • the minimum gixel size is a single pixel. Information regarding the gixel size can be incorporated as part of the scrambling code, or alternatively it may appear on an unscrambled part of the document or be ascertained empirically by an examination of a scrambled document. Arrows 90 indicate a typical spatial transformation, it being appreciated that any suitable spatial transformation may alternatively be provided. Preferably part of the document area is not scrambled.
  • the unscrambled area normally contains information that is intended to be readable by all persons, such as the date, addressee, identification of the sender, company logo and general instructions on how to unscramble the document.
  • the non-scrambled area may include a heading portion, as well as a peripheral edge strip 88, as seen in Fig. 4.
  • the peripheral edge strip 88 may provide a registration frame.
  • any other suitable registration marks may alternatively or additionally be provided.lt is appreciated that the registration frame or other registration marks do not normally appear on the original document, but rather are added to the scrambled document by the scrambling program and removed by the unscrambling program.
  • verification of correct scrambling and descrambling is provided by the scrambling and unscrambling copiers. As illustrated in Fig. 5, such verification can readily be performed by considering the edges of adjacent gixels to confirm matching between light and dark regions thereon. Conventional spatial correlation techniques may be employed for this purpose. As seen in Fig. 5, the adjacent edges of two adjacent gixels 92 and 94, indicated respectively by reference numerals 96 and 98, are seen to have identical or nearly identical patterns.
  • a computer program for scrambling, descrambling and verifying correct descrambling appears in Appendix A. This computer program can readily be incorporated in conventional digital photocopiers such as those mentioned hereinabove. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by what has been particularly shown and described hereinabove. Rather the scope of the present invention is defined only by the claims which follow:
  • THEN THE PROGRAM 'CLACULATES A MEASURE OF THE QUALITY OF THE 'UNSCRAMBLING, AND PRINTS IT ON THE TOP-RIGHT 'CORNER OF THE SCREEN. THEN THE PROGRAM ALLOWS 'THE USER TO TRY A DIFFERENT UNSCRAMBLING CODE.
  • VERTICAL TILE RESOLUTIONS PRINT "CALCULATING A SHUFLING TABLE ("; HH;
  • NCODX (NCODX + CODX) MOD (HH) :

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Facsimile Transmission Control (AREA)

Abstract

Appareil de brouillage de documents comprenant un appareil délivrant des signaux de sortie représentant le contenu d'un document (15), un appareil de traitement des signaux de sortie afin de produire des signaux de sortie modifiés représentant une version brouillée du document (60), ainsi qu'un appareil d'écriture recevant les signaux de sortie modifiés et produisant une version brouillée du document.
PCT/US1993/000959 1992-02-04 1993-02-03 Appareil de brouillage et de debrouillage de documents WO1993015491A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/442,636 US5491563A (en) 1992-02-04 1995-05-17 Apparatus for scrambling and unscrambling documents

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL100863 1992-02-04
IL100863A IL100863A0 (en) 1992-02-04 1992-02-04 Apparatus for scrambling and unscrambling documents

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993015491A1 true WO1993015491A1 (fr) 1993-08-05

Family

ID=11063344

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1993/000959 WO1993015491A1 (fr) 1992-02-04 1993-02-03 Appareil de brouillage et de debrouillage de documents

Country Status (2)

Country Link
IL (1) IL100863A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993015491A1 (fr)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997020298A1 (fr) * 1995-11-29 1997-06-05 Graphic Security Systems Corporation Procede et appareil numerique anti-contre façons commandes par un logiciel
GB2314229A (en) * 1996-06-06 1997-12-17 United Kingdom Government Facsimile file processing
EP1341367A3 (fr) * 2002-01-31 2003-11-19 Xerox Corporation Chiffrage de données d'image stockées dans un copieur numérique
US6980654B2 (en) 2003-09-05 2005-12-27 Graphic Security Systems Corporation System and method for authenticating an article
US6985607B2 (en) 2003-03-27 2006-01-10 Graphic Security Systems Corporation System and method for authenticating objects
US7421581B2 (en) 2003-09-30 2008-09-02 Graphic Security Systems Corporation Method and system for controlling encoded image production
US7466706B2 (en) 2000-09-18 2008-12-16 At&T Corp. Controlled transmissions across packet networks
US7512249B2 (en) 2004-04-26 2009-03-31 Graphic Security Systems Corporation System and method for decoding digital encoded images
US7551752B2 (en) 2004-04-26 2009-06-23 Graphic Security Systems Corporation Systems and methods for authenticating objects using multiple-level image encoding and decoding
US7634104B2 (en) 2003-06-30 2009-12-15 Graphic Security Systems Corporation Illuminated decoder
US7729509B2 (en) 2004-06-18 2010-06-01 Graphic Security Systems Corporation Illuminated lens device for use in object authentication
US7860268B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2010-12-28 Graphic Security Systems Corporation Object authentication using encoded images digitally stored on the object
US9275303B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2016-03-01 Graphic Security Systems Corporation Method for constructing a composite image incorporating a hidden authentication image

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4091423A (en) * 1975-03-17 1978-05-23 Datotek, Inc. Synchronous digital data scrambling system
US4459611A (en) * 1978-08-28 1984-07-10 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Image conversion system
US4989244A (en) * 1988-03-29 1991-01-29 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Data encripting transfer
US5027401A (en) * 1990-07-03 1991-06-25 Soltesz John A System for the secure storage and transmission of data
US5062136A (en) * 1990-09-12 1991-10-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Telecommunications system and method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4091423A (en) * 1975-03-17 1978-05-23 Datotek, Inc. Synchronous digital data scrambling system
US4459611A (en) * 1978-08-28 1984-07-10 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Image conversion system
US4989244A (en) * 1988-03-29 1991-01-29 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Data encripting transfer
US5027401A (en) * 1990-07-03 1991-06-25 Soltesz John A System for the secure storage and transmission of data
US5062136A (en) * 1990-09-12 1991-10-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Telecommunications system and method

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997020298A1 (fr) * 1995-11-29 1997-06-05 Graphic Security Systems Corporation Procede et appareil numerique anti-contre façons commandes par un logiciel
GB2314229A (en) * 1996-06-06 1997-12-17 United Kingdom Government Facsimile file processing
US7466706B2 (en) 2000-09-18 2008-12-16 At&T Corp. Controlled transmissions across packet networks
US7869437B2 (en) 2000-09-18 2011-01-11 At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. Controlled transmissions across packet networks
EP1341367A3 (fr) * 2002-01-31 2003-11-19 Xerox Corporation Chiffrage de données d'image stockées dans un copieur numérique
US6985607B2 (en) 2003-03-27 2006-01-10 Graphic Security Systems Corporation System and method for authenticating objects
US7634104B2 (en) 2003-06-30 2009-12-15 Graphic Security Systems Corporation Illuminated decoder
US6980654B2 (en) 2003-09-05 2005-12-27 Graphic Security Systems Corporation System and method for authenticating an article
US7226087B2 (en) 2003-09-05 2007-06-05 Graphic Security Systems Corporation System and method for authenticating an article
US7421581B2 (en) 2003-09-30 2008-09-02 Graphic Security Systems Corporation Method and system for controlling encoded image production
US7512249B2 (en) 2004-04-26 2009-03-31 Graphic Security Systems Corporation System and method for decoding digital encoded images
US7561308B2 (en) 2004-04-26 2009-07-14 Graphic Security Systems Corporation System and method for decoding digital encoded images
US7551752B2 (en) 2004-04-26 2009-06-23 Graphic Security Systems Corporation Systems and methods for authenticating objects using multiple-level image encoding and decoding
US7729509B2 (en) 2004-06-18 2010-06-01 Graphic Security Systems Corporation Illuminated lens device for use in object authentication
US7860268B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2010-12-28 Graphic Security Systems Corporation Object authentication using encoded images digitally stored on the object
US9275303B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2016-03-01 Graphic Security Systems Corporation Method for constructing a composite image incorporating a hidden authentication image

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL100863A0 (en) 1993-09-22

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