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WO1993016794A1 - Appareil et procede ameliores d'extraction du jus de la moelle de canne a sucre - Google Patents

Appareil et procede ameliores d'extraction du jus de la moelle de canne a sucre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993016794A1
WO1993016794A1 PCT/US1992/000039 US9200039W WO9316794A1 WO 1993016794 A1 WO1993016794 A1 WO 1993016794A1 US 9200039 W US9200039 W US 9200039W WO 9316794 A1 WO9316794 A1 WO 9316794A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pith
juice
extraction
perforated member
tank
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1992/000039
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sydney E. Tilby
Original Assignee
Tilby Sydney E
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tilby Sydney E filed Critical Tilby Sydney E
Priority to AU26429/92A priority Critical patent/AU2642992A/en
Priority to PCT/US1992/000039 priority patent/WO1993016794A1/fr
Publication of WO1993016794A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993016794A1/fr

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C13SUGAR INDUSTRY
    • C13BPRODUCTION OF SUCROSE; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • C13B10/00Production of sugar juices
    • C13B10/02Expressing juice from sugar cane or similar material, e.g. sorghum saccharatum
    • C13B10/04Expressing juice from sugar cane or similar material, e.g. sorghum saccharatum combined with imbibition
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C13SUGAR INDUSTRY
    • C13BPRODUCTION OF SUCROSE; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • C13B10/00Production of sugar juices
    • C13B10/02Expressing juice from sugar cane or similar material, e.g. sorghum saccharatum
    • C13B10/06Sugar-cane crushers

Definitions

  • This invention is related generally to apparatus for processing sugarcane to extract juice therefrom and, more particularly, to apparatus for extraction juice from the sugar-rich pith portion of the sugarcane plant after it has been separated from the sugarcane rind..
  • the stalk of the sugarcane plant includes an outer rind which is a hard, wood-like fibrous substance.
  • the rind surrounds a central core of pith which bears nearly all of the sugar juice from which various sugar products are made.
  • the outer surface of the rind has a thin, waxy epidermal layer, referred to herein as "dermax.”
  • Certain other plants (for example, sweet sorghum) are similar to sugarcane in that they are grasses having woody grass stalks. While there is frequent reference herein to sugarcane, it is to be understood that this invention applies to processing of woody grass stalks like sugarcane and sweet sorghum or certain of their constituents. At no point, including the claims, is any reference to sugarcane to be limiting.
  • a disadvantage of the foregoing apparatus is that the feedstock is rarely of uniform thickness along the length of the "nip" between the compression rolls. Therefore, feedstock compression force and resulting juice extraction are not often uniform along the nip.
  • Technology in this field remained rather dormant until the 1960's when a resurgence of development activity began, substantially all related to what has been known in the industry as the Tilby system, a cane separation system named after the principal originator, Sydney E. (“Ted”) Tilby.
  • the Tilby system includes a multi-step operation executed by various portions of a cane separator machine.
  • Sugarcane billets that is, cut lengths of cane stalk preferably about 25-35 cm long, are driven downwardly over a splitter to divide them lengthwise into semi-cylindrical half billets.
  • the two half billets of a split billet are then processed individually by symmetrical downstream portions of the separator machine.
  • the first of such downstream portions of the separator is a depithing station which includes a cutter roll and holdback roll for milling pith away from the rind of the half-billet while simultaneously flattening the rind.
  • the next downstream portion is a dermax removal station from which the rind emerges ready or subsequent processing in a variety of ways, including slitting, chipping and/or many other processing steps.
  • the pith is conveyed away from the separator machine to an extraction station where its sugar juice is removed.
  • the Tilby system when finally fully commercialized, can provide substantial outputs of several high-value products. This greatly increases cash yields per ton of sugarcane, a factor of significant importance to an industry in which profitability in recent years has been marginal at best. This is important generally, but is of particular importance to the many developing countries in which a flourishing sugarcane industry would be a boon to economic growth and stability. Considering that sugarcane is one of the most rapidly growing, easily developed, and readily accessible sources of biomass, full commercialization of the Tilby system can significantly reduce dependence on forests and on certain other crops and resources.
  • the products which can be made from sugarcane constituents separated by the Tilby system are sugar in an increased variety of forms, foods and food additives, animal feeds, a variety of wood products and building materials, alcohol for a variety of purposes, paper and other pulp-containing products, and a variety of specialty products.
  • One approach for extraction of juice from separated pith has been to utilize equipment like that used to extract sugar juice using the entire crushed stalk as feed stock.
  • Such equipment includes pairs of imperforate rotating grooved metal cylinders between which feed stock is squeezed in the presence of liquid. Such equipment is particularly useful when the feed stock is of entire crushed stalks, but is less than successful when the feed stock is separated pith.
  • pith cells are usually unbroken as the feed stock enters the extraction equipment, and many cells are not broken by such equipment because the presence of rind and the equipment design provide spaces in which such unbroken cells are protected, despite the extreme pressures which are applied.
  • a good deal of the extraction which occurs in such situations involves a leaching in which sugar passes through the cell walls to the surrounding liquid which has a lower sugar content.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an improved apparatus for extracting sugarcane juice wherein extracting pressures are selected for use with separated, ruptured pith cells.
  • Yet another object of this invention is to provide an improved apparatus for extracting sugarcane juice wherein the apparatus provides for proper feeding of pith from which juice is to be extracted.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide an improved apparatus for extracting sugarcane juice wherein the apparatus extracts juice from pith which may be unevenly distributed between the extraction rolls.
  • the improved apparatus for continuous- process extraction of juice from sugarcane pith comprises means for holding a supply of substantially rind-free sugarcane pith, a tank for receiving liquid and an extraction assembly between the holding means and the tank.
  • the extraction assembly has a rotatable perforated member and a rotatable resilient compression member, both of which are positioned and arranged to receive pith from an adjacent input region and squeeze such pith to extract the sugar-bearing juice from it.
  • Such juice flows through the perforated member, into its interior cavity and through openings in a lateral wall to the tank.
  • the compression member and the perforated member are cylindrical and driven for rotation in opposite directions about substantially parallel first and second axes, respectively.
  • the compression member has an outer portion which is resilient and adjacent to the perforated member. This outer portion is of a thickness and resiliency to receive and compress a mass of pith to extract juice from it, even though such mass may be somewhat unevenly distributed along the nip of the rolls.
  • the extraction apparatus further includes urging means adjacent to the input region for pre-compressing pith in the input region and preliminarily extracting juice therefrom.
  • the urging means which can be rigid or resilient, also helps move the partially-squeezed pith toward the extraction assembly.
  • urging means includes a rotatable feeder member having radial projections arranged thereon to move pith along the input region toward and into the extraction assembly.
  • the feeder member which is generally cylindrical, rotates about a third axis substantially parallel to the first and second axes.
  • the feeder member is pivotably mounted so that the locus of its axis of rotation can be adjusted to accommodate variations in the wetted pith fed into the extraction apparatus.
  • the projections substantially smooth half-cylinder shaped elements, extend along the length of the feeder member and are spaced about its circumference. Expressed juice from the squeezed pith flows through the holes in the perforated member and into a tank below.
  • a highly preferred embodiment of the extraction apparatus further includes means for removing adhering pith from the perforated member following compression and means for conveying such compressed pith for subsequent processing.
  • the removing means may include a doctor blade on the perforated member to help scrape away pith which adheres to such member.
  • the perforated member has a lower portion situated in the tank whereby pith still adhering to such member may be immersed in liquid to rewet it, thereby aiding in its removal.
  • the extraction apparatus also includes means such as a weir associated with the tank for separating solids from liquid as both collect in the tank.
  • Such apparatus also includes means such as a pump and conduit to recycle liquid from the tank to the holding means.
  • FIGURE 1 is a representative side elevation view, with portions removed, of a sugarcane juice-extracting system.
  • FIGURE 2 is a representative side elevation view, with portions removed, of one of the extractors shown in the system of FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 3 is a perspective view showing a partially-disassembled perforated member.
  • FIGURE 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the viewing plane 4-4 of FIGURE 3 and showing a portion of the perforated drum used in the perforated member. Such viewing plane is parallel to the end of the drum.
  • FIGURE 5 is an elevation view of the compression member with portions broken away.
  • FIGURE 6 is a perspective view of the urging means shown in FIGURES 1 and 2. Detailed Descriptions of Preferred Embodiments
  • the improved apparatus 60 is used in a continuous process, a portion of which involves the extraction of sugarcane juice from cane pith. Such process is carried out by an integrated system which receives cane as harvested from the field and, finally, delivers sugar-juice and other useful products.
  • the extracting system 61 shown in FIGURE 1 forms only a portion of such integrated system and as its "feedstock" uses pith 66 which has prior been milled from half-billets of cane. Such milling operation fractures a high percentage (about 95%) of the juice bearing pith cells, thus permitting juice to be extracted using much lower compressive pressures than in earlier systems. And since most pith cells are fractured, such system 61 is much less reliant upon the extraction of juice by leaching or diffusion through an unfractured cell wall.
  • Extracting system 61 includes a plurality of extractor apparatus 60 arranged in sequence and followed by a de-watering station 62 which extracts about 50% of the water from the spent pith. While three extractor apparatus 60 are shown, this is merely exemplary and a fewer or greater number of apparatus 60 may be used. However, the use of three apparatus 60 and a de-watering station 62 removes about 99% of the sugar-juice from the pith. Further, it is to be appreciated that water can be removed by means other than a de-watering station 62, for example, by an evaporator. However, a compression type dewatering station 62 is very economical for the purpose.
  • Liquid is thereby better able to soak into pith 66 as it moves along, improving sugar- juice extraction. And when the ribbon-like mass of pith 66 is generally level along its width, squeezing extraction of juice from the entire mass is improved.
  • Wetted, generally leveled pith 66 is directed into a holding means 69 such as a chute 69a. There it is mixed with recycled liquid flowing through a conduit 70 from tank 71. It is also mixed with liquid drawn from tanks 71a, 71b, 71c located at the next successive apparatus 60 or at de-watering station 62, as the case may be. The latter liquid from tanks 71a, 71b, 71c is delivered through pipe 72.
  • Wetted pith 66 enters an extraction assembly 60 where it is squeezed between a perforated member 81 and a compression member 83.
  • Sugarcane juice flows through holes in perforated member 81 and downward to a liquid receiving tank 71.
  • Squeezed pith is deposited to an inclined conveyor 64 and directed to next successive apparatus 60.
  • spent pith (that from which sugar juice has been substantially entirely extracted) is transported out of system 61 by a conveyor 84 for possible further processing into flour, for example.
  • Recovered juice flows through pipe 63 to equipment which recovers sugar, sweetener concentrates ' or the like therefrom.
  • illustrated apparatus 60 is devoid of a leveler 65 which is used only with first apparatus 60. Once leveled, mass of pith 66 generally remains so as it moves through system 61.
  • Apparatus 60 includes a holding means 69 such as an open, angularly-inclined chute 69a. Wetted pith moves down chute 69a to input region 85 and into extraction assembly 86. A tank 71a receives liquid which is squeezed from wetted pith 66 and which flows through holes 117 in perforated member 81.
  • a holding means 69 such as an open, angularly-inclined chute 69a.
  • Wetted pith moves down chute 69a to input region 85 and into extraction assembly 86.
  • a tank 71a receives liquid which is squeezed from wetted pith 66 and which flows through holes 117 in perforated member 81.
  • Extraction assembly 86 is between holding means 69 and tank 71a and in a highly preferred embodiment, members 81, 83 are in contact with one another and coact to receive wetted pith 66 from input region 85 and squeeze it for juice extraction.
  • Compression member 83 and perforated member 81 are each cylindrical in shape and driven to counter-rotate about a first axis 95 and a second axis 97, respectively. These axes 95, 97 are substantially parallel to one another and since mass of incoming pith is of generally uniform thickness, extractive force exerted by members 83, 81 on pith is generally uniform along length of members 83, 81.
  • Members 83, 81 may or may not have same diameters. In latter event, rotational speeds of members 83, 81 are selected so that their linear speeds are substantially equal.
  • improved apparatus 60 also includes urging means 98 adjacent to and spaced somewhat above input region 85 for pre-compressing pith to a smaller volume, initially extracting an amount of juice therefrom and urging pre-compressed, partially expressed pith 66 toward extraction assembly 86. Further details on such urging means 98 are set forth below.
  • perforated member 81 includes a support frame 101 having a pair of disk-shaped lateral walls 103 mounted to an elongate drive shaft 105 and a plurality of support ribs 107 extending between walls 103.
  • Each wall 103 has several rotationally spaced, half-circle shaped openings 109 around rim of wall 103 sufficient in size to permit sugar-juice to flow quickly from interior cavity 113 of member 81 to tank 71.
  • Perforated member 81 also includes a hollow, perforate cylindrical drum 115 sized to be snugly attached to and supported by ribs 107 and walls 103.
  • drum 115 has a large number of holes 117 radially formed therein to provide flow paths permitting liquid to flow into and through perforated member 81 to tank 71 as such liquid is squeezed from pith 66.
  • Such holes 117 are preferably of uniform diameter along their length.
  • compression member 83 includes a pair of disk-shaped end plates 119 mounted to an elongate drive shaft 121.
  • a generally cylindrical, imperforate support tube 123 has each of its ends mounted and attached to a plate 119.
  • a generally cylindrical, resilient outer portion 125 is mounted on support tube 123 so that interior surface 127 of such portion 125 is in contact with and supported by tube 123 along substantially entire length of portion 125.
  • portion 125 is made of natural or synthetic rubber having a hardness in range of 30-50 Durometer and a hardness of about 40 Durometer is preferred.
  • the use of a resilient compression member 83 is highly advantageous, especially since pith-squeezing forces used in new apparatus 60 are relatively low.
  • compression member 83 Because of its resilience, compression member 83 responds well to a mass of pith 66 of somewhat uneven thickness and compresses such pith with generally uniform force notwithstanding such thickness variations. In known machines using high compressive forces, thickness variations in mass of pith are simply overpowered by "brute force.” And, if compressive force is reduced, some pith escapes compression or is only lightly compressed.
  • Perforated member 81 and compression member 83 are mounted in such a way that pressure at "nip" of extraction assembly 86, that is, that nominal line of contact between perforated member 81 and compression member 83, can be adjusted.
  • compressive pressure between members 81, 83 is relatively light compared to that in a conventional mill roll.
  • density of pith 66 which has been compacted by vibration levelling is about 31 pounds per cubic foot. Juice starts to be extracted from such pith when it is compressed to a density of about 65 pounds per cubic foot. Using a three-extractor system, about 99% of juice is extracted when compressed density is increased to about 116 pounds per cubic foot.
  • urging means 98 includes a rotatable pre-compression or feeder member 129 having a cylindrical, generally smooth outer shell 131 with radial projections 133 arranged thereon.
  • Such projections are substantially smooth, half-cylinder- shaped elements 133a having rounded tops and ends and extending along length of member 129. Rounding of such elements 133a results in "self-scouring" operation in that pith tends to be freed from elements 133a as feeder member 129 rotates.
  • Elements 133a are parallel to one another and to third axis of rotation 135 and are circumferentially spaced about shell 131 generally equidistant from one another. Further, third axis 135 is generally parallel to first and second axes 95, 97.
  • Feeder member 129 ia preferably mounted so that the locus of its axis of rotation 135 can be adjusted (as indicated by arrow 136) to provide greater or lesser pre-compression of wetted pith fed into extraction apparatus 60. Pre-compression of such pith to about 40-50% of its volume has been found to be satisfactory although degree of pre-compression can vary widely.
  • Feeder member 129 is driven at a linear speed substantially equal to that of perforated member 81 and compression member 83.
  • Member 129 may be rubber-clad and resilient or made entirely of metal and rigid. After pith 66 is compressed to extract sugar-bearing juice therefrom, it flows to a receiving apron 137 and thence to a conveyor 64 where it is directed to next apparatus 60, to de-watering station 62 or to other processes, as case may be. As means for removing pith which adheres to perforated member 81 following compression, upper edge 139 of apron 137 is a "doctor blade.” Such edge 139 rides on perforated member 81 and scrapes pith from it.
  • apparatus 60 also includes a generally cylindrical brush 141 mounted for rotation about a fourth axis 143 which is parallel to first axis 95.
  • Such brush 141 is positioned generally above level of liquid in tank 71a to contact perforated member 81 at a post-immersion position. The bristles extend into and through holes 117, thereby removing pith.
  • Brush 141 is preferably a non-powered or idler brush but it may be powered for rotation.
  • apparatus 60 may also include a pump (not shown) submerged in tank and a submerged spray bar connected thereto. Upwardly directed jets from spray bar impinge on member 81 and remove pith.
  • Extraction apparatus 60 also includes means such as a weir 145 associated with tank 71a for separating solids from sugar-juice bearing liquid as both collect in tank 71a. As shown in FIGURE 2, weir 145 extends vertically upward from bottom.of tank 71a to a level somewhat less than that defined by tank upper lip 147.
  • Extraction apparatus 60 also includes means such as a pump 151 and conduit 70 to recycle liquid from tank 71a to holding means 69.
  • Pump 151 is connected between the bottom of tank 71a and conduit 70, draws liquid (with entrained solids) therefrom, and pumps it for delivery into holding means 69.
  • de-watering station 62 is configured and arranged much like apparatus 60.
  • Such station 62 includes a fresh water inlet 153 for introducing clean makeup water to substantially dry pith 66 from third extraction apparatus 60.
  • the preferred quantity of water is about 20% by weight of incoming pith.
  • Urging means 98 such as a rotatable feeder member 129, pre-compresses and urges pith into the nip of members 81 and 83 where it is compressed and de-watered. De-watered pith flows down a screen slide to a conveyor 84 which removes it for further processing.
  • the members 81 and 83 have diameters on order of 3 feet and are several feet in length.
  • the resilient outer portion 125 of member 83 has a wall thickness of about 4 inches.
  • Feeder member 129 has a diameter on order of 2 feet and is of the same length as members 81 and 83.
  • the extractor system 61 shown in FIGURE 1 is capable of processing about 50,000 pounds of pith 66 per hour and extracts about 99% of sugar-bearing juice therefrom. While the principles of this invention have been described in connection with specific embodiments, it should be understood clearly that these descriptions are made only by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of invention.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)

Abstract

Un appareil (60) permet l'extraction en continu du jus de la moelle de canne à sucre dépourvue d'écorce (66). Il comporte une alimentation en moelle et un réservoir (71) séparés par un dispositif d'extraction (86) doté d'un rouleau à perforations (81) et d'un rouleau de compression faisant ressort (83). Ces rouleaux (81, 83) reçoivent et écrasent la moelle (66) provenant d'un déversoir (85) d'alimentation et en pressent le jus au travers du rouleau à perforations (81) pour qu'il s'écoule dans le réservoir (71). Les variantes préférées incluent un rouleau d'alimentation à pré-compression (129) doté de préférence d'éléments saillants radiaux (133) et destiné à pré-comprimer la moelle (66), à commencer à en exprimer le jus et à pousser cette moelle (66) placée dans le déversoir d'alimentation (85) vers le dispositif d'extraction (86) qui achève l'extraction du jus.
PCT/US1992/000039 1992-02-21 1992-02-21 Appareil et procede ameliores d'extraction du jus de la moelle de canne a sucre WO1993016794A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU26429/92A AU2642992A (en) 1992-02-21 1992-02-21 Improved apparatus and method for extraction of juice from sugarcane pith
PCT/US1992/000039 WO1993016794A1 (fr) 1992-02-21 1992-02-21 Appareil et procede ameliores d'extraction du jus de la moelle de canne a sucre

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1992/000039 WO1993016794A1 (fr) 1992-02-21 1992-02-21 Appareil et procede ameliores d'extraction du jus de la moelle de canne a sucre

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WO1993016794A1 true WO1993016794A1 (fr) 1993-09-02

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7469632B1 (en) * 2003-05-02 2008-12-30 Mcclune Lee F Field harvester for sweet sorghum
US7910341B1 (en) 2003-05-02 2011-03-22 Mcclune Lee F Process for harvesting and processing sugar-producing crops
US7918160B2 (en) 2009-06-04 2011-04-05 Roy J Edwin Cane juice extractor
US8450092B1 (en) 2006-01-25 2013-05-28 Lee F. McClune Process for harvesting and processing sugar-producing crops
CN110549662A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2019-12-10 刘静琳 自适应甘蔗榨汁平台

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US471995A (en) * 1892-03-29 aschwind
US3827909A (en) * 1971-06-23 1974-08-06 Ward Foods Inc Apparatus for extracting juice from sugar cane
US5073200A (en) * 1989-04-21 1991-12-17 Biotecnologia Y Derivados De Morelos, Sa De Cv Low pressure system for extraction of soluble matter from fibrous material

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US471995A (en) * 1892-03-29 aschwind
US3827909A (en) * 1971-06-23 1974-08-06 Ward Foods Inc Apparatus for extracting juice from sugar cane
US5073200A (en) * 1989-04-21 1991-12-17 Biotecnologia Y Derivados De Morelos, Sa De Cv Low pressure system for extraction of soluble matter from fibrous material

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7469632B1 (en) * 2003-05-02 2008-12-30 Mcclune Lee F Field harvester for sweet sorghum
US7910341B1 (en) 2003-05-02 2011-03-22 Mcclune Lee F Process for harvesting and processing sugar-producing crops
US8450092B1 (en) 2006-01-25 2013-05-28 Lee F. McClune Process for harvesting and processing sugar-producing crops
US7918160B2 (en) 2009-06-04 2011-04-05 Roy J Edwin Cane juice extractor
CN110549662A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2019-12-10 刘静琳 自适应甘蔗榨汁平台

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