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WO1995001775A1 - Distribution de poudres dispersees redevenant solubles a l'application - Google Patents

Distribution de poudres dispersees redevenant solubles a l'application Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995001775A1
WO1995001775A1 PCT/US1994/007513 US9407513W WO9501775A1 WO 1995001775 A1 WO1995001775 A1 WO 1995001775A1 US 9407513 W US9407513 W US 9407513W WO 9501775 A1 WO9501775 A1 WO 9501775A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
active ingredient
propellant
solvent
container
dispensing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1994/007513
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Fred Presant
Agnes Terraforte
Original Assignee
Precision Valve Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Precision Valve Corporation filed Critical Precision Valve Corporation
Priority to GB9600318A priority Critical patent/GB2294638A/en
Priority to AU72180/94A priority patent/AU7218094A/en
Publication of WO1995001775A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995001775A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K8/046—Aerosols; Foams
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q15/00—Anti-perspirants or body deodorants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
    • A61K2800/87—Application Devices; Containers; Packaging

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to dispensing systems. It relates more particularly to dispensing systems in which a sealed container contains a product of an insoluble active ingredient and solvent therefor all mixed with a volatile propellant or liquid. In a suitable dispensing system, the product is released, typically in the form of a stream, mist, foam, or fog of droplets having active ingredient redissolved in the solvent.
  • Dispensers of this type have often been employed for dispensing liquid solutions.
  • the container holds the solution under pressure exerted by the propellant.
  • the solution When the solution is dispensed from the container upon actuation of the valve means, it remains in solution as it emerges from the container and is applied to a target surface as a solution.
  • pressurized dispensing systems have also been used for dispensing finely divided solids. The solids are held within the container dispersed in liquefied propellant and/or in a liquid carrier.
  • dispersion is dispensed from the container upon
  • the other course has been to formulate the active ingredient into an emulsion or a dispersion of the active ingredient as a solid phase, wherein the active ingredient is in solid form within the container, and remains in solid form as the emulsion or dispersion is discharged, and upon application to a target surface.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,928,545, U.S. Patent No. 3,947,556, and U.S. Patent No. 3,904,741 disclose alcohol-soluble complexes of basic aluminum chlorides with zirconyl or zinc compounds, which are said to be useful in preparing aerosol antiperspirant sprays.
  • These patents have as their objective the formation of solutions characterized in that the
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,991,176 disclose antiperspirant complexes which comprise a combination of a basic aluminum-polyol compound, a zirconium compound and an organic buffer.
  • the complexes are said to be capable of being used in conventional antiperspirant forms, including aqueous solutions, aerosol sprays (including powder-in-oil aerosol sprays) as well as creams, lotions, and cream sticks.
  • This patent further states that the complexes can be formed in the container and dispensed as a powder-in-oil aerosol spray wherein the antiperspirant complex is a solid which is dispersed in a non-solubilizing polar organic liquid.
  • the antiperspirant is in solid form within the dispenser and remains in the solid form as discharged and applied to the skin.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,288,681 discloses an aerosol antiperspirant powder spray formed from a dispersion containing an aluminum antiperspirant
  • the product is formulated by selecting the compounds and the relative amounts of the compounds such that the antiperspirant is in the form of a solid in liquid dispersion within the aerosol container and remains in insoluble form as it is discharged from the container and applied to the skin.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,876,758 discloses aerosol dispensing systems for antiperspirants including an antiperspirant component which is insoluble within the container, and remains in solid form upon application to the skin.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,873,686 discloses an aerosol antiperspirant formulation which, according to the patent, was converted into a powder immediately on leaving the aerosol container and landed on the human skin in the form of a powder.
  • Some products use a volatile liquid combined with product in a sealed container such as roll-on deodorants or antiperspirants or the like.
  • a volatile liquid combined with product in a sealed container
  • the volatile liquid portion of the product evaporates leaving the desired active
  • formulation practice with pressurized dispensing systems has been to formulate the active ingredient into a composition whose form within the dispenser is the same as the form that the product is desired to exhibit following discharge. That is, products which are desired to be in liquid solution form upon application are formulated within the pressurized container in combination with propellant as solutions, and products desired to be in the solid form upon application are formulated as a solid phase with propellant within the container.
  • compositions to be dispensed from active solids in dispersion in the container to active ingredient in solution on application to the target.
  • the invention involves the formation of a solution of one or more active ingredients in a suitable solvent which is admixed with a volatile propellant or volatile liquid.
  • a suitable solvent which is admixed with a volatile propellant or volatile liquid.
  • the propellant mixes with the solvent causing one or more of the active ingredients to
  • the propellant quickly evaporates and the previously insoluble active ingredient redissolves to form a clear (or slightly cloudy initially) solution for application.
  • a volatile liquid for application.
  • compositions and methods of forming and applying the composition are particularly preferred. Particularly preferred are antiperspirant compositions solubilized in alcohol and/or water and mixed with a volatile
  • propellant such as difluoroethane where the solvent and propellant form a homogeneous mixture of suspended active ingredients within the pressure container but when dispensed yield an essentially clear antiperspirant solution of active ingredients without evidence of solids on the skin.
  • the present invention is directed to a composition capable of being dispensed from a container comprising a admixture of: at least one active ingredient; an amount of solvent effective to dissolve said active ingredient at room temperature and atmospheric pressure; and a volatile propellant or liquid capable of forming a homogeneous mixture with said amount of solvent; at least a portion of said active ingredient being insoluble and dispersed in said homogeneous mixture, whereby on dispensing the
  • the admixture is capable of separating into volatile propellant or liquid and a solvent containing one or more active ingredients dissolved therein.
  • the present invention is further directed to a method of preparing a product for dispensing from a container comprising admixing: at least one normally solid active ingredient; an amount of solvent effective to dissolve the active ingredient at room temperature and atmospheric pressure; and a volatile propellant or liquid capable of forming a homogeneous mixture with said amount of solvent at least a portion of said active ingredient being insoluble and dispersed in said
  • the Figure is a cross-sectional schematic view of a dispenser useful in the practice of the present invention.
  • the present invention is useful for dispensing any of a wide variety of products.
  • examples include products which may be applied as solutions to target surfaces, such products including for example
  • compositions which are utilized as solutions which are simply sprayed into the ambient atmosphere, without necessarily being directed to a specific target surface examples include perfumes, room deodorizers, fumigants, disinfectants, and the like.
  • Other products include the active ingredient in suitable solvent and a volatile liquid which evaporates when the container is opened.
  • the solutions upon discharge are a solution of active ingredient completely dissolved in a solvent for the active ingredient.
  • the solution forms in the ambient atmosphere essentially immediately upon being discharged from the container.
  • the composition when the composition is intended to be applied to a target surface, it is preferably already in solution form when it reaches that surface. In some embodiments, however, it is permissible that the solution form upon impact with the target surface. It should be recognized that compositions within the scope of this invention may comprise more than one active ingredient of interest.
  • the dispensable composition is formed by dissolving one or more active ingredients in a suitable solvent which can comprise one or more components to form a clear solution. Solutions approaching the solubility limit of the actives in the solvent can be used to provide maximum active ingredient in the
  • composition where needed. Lower amounts may be employed depending on the requirements of the application.
  • the volatile liquid is any material forming at atmospheric pressure or above a homogeneous admixture with the solvent wherein the volatile liquid will evaporate rapidly when the
  • the propellant or volatile liquid evaporates and the active ingredient re-dissolves to form a solution which may be cloudy for an instant as the solids re-dissolve in the solvent.
  • dispersion of "Chlorhydrol” or other active ingredient in solvent and propellant under pressure can be applied to the body or other target as a clear solution already in effective form without unsightly powder present.
  • the volatile liquid evaporates and the active ingredient re-dissolves in the solvent during or shortly after application.
  • non-chlorinated fluorocarbons, low molecular weight ethers, hydrocarbons, such as lower alkanes, either alone or mixed with each other or mixed with other propellants produces excellent results allowing the loading of high levels of active ingredient in the mixture of solvent and propellant under pressure but providing an essentially clear propellant free solution of active ingredient for application at room temperature and pressure.
  • the mixture can be prepared under pressure to form the dispersion of active ingredient in a solvent and propellant homogeneous mixture so long as the amount of active ingredient is maintained below the solubility maximum of the active ingredient in the solvent at the application conditions of temperature and atmospheric pressure.
  • the solution can be conveniently filled at atmospheric conditions into aerosol cans in a
  • One aspect of the present invention comprises a system and method for dispensing an active ingredient, the system comprising a sealed, valved container which holds a gaseous propellant, the propellant comprising one or more gas components, the container further holding a dispersion of solid active ingredient slurried in a solution of one or more of said gas components dissolved in a liquid solvent for said active
  • the container is fitted with externally actuatable valve means for dispensing said dispersion from said container under pressure exerted by said propellant wherein upon dispensing of said
  • the method is to establish a dispersion of a solid active
  • dispensing system 1 includes a container 2.
  • Container 2 is a sealed enclosure to which is fitted externally
  • actuatable dispensing means 3 for dispensing product when desired from within container 2 to the ambient atmosphere or to a target surface.
  • actuatable dispensing means 3 for dispensing product when desired from within container 2 to the ambient atmosphere or to a target surface.
  • Container 2 is preferably formed of metal, or rigid plastic, which is inert to the contents of the container.
  • the container can be formed of one integral piece, such as a drawn aluminum can, or it can be formed in a conventional manner from several pieces including pieces forming the sides and the upper shoulders to which dispensing means 3 is fitted and a piece forming the bottom which is fixed to the bottom edge of the side of the container throughout the circumference thereof.
  • the interior of container 2 can be
  • Suitable treatment can include shellac or a thin polymeric barrier film applied to the interior of container 2. Barrier packages may also be used.
  • Dispensing means 3 includes a button 6, valve means 7, and dip tube 8.
  • Valve means 7 is preferably of the type having a passage for product being dispensed, and a valve operatively coupled to a spring means which urges the valve to a normally closed position preventing passage of product therethrough except when the valve is urged to an opening position by external actuation.
  • Button 6 is fitted to the discharge end of the passage and contains an orifice appropriately configured to permit passage therethrough of the solid and liquid components of dispersion 4.
  • the orifice of button 6 is also appropriately dimensioned to provide the desired spray pattern, including the desired angle through which product is dispensed i.e. as a stream or spray, and the desired droplet size, i.e., as a spray, a mist or a fog of micro droplets.
  • Dip tube 8 is attached to the end of valve means 7 within container 2 so as to be in fluid
  • Dip tube 8 is a narrow, hollow tube dimensioned to convey the solid and liquid components of dispersion 4.
  • the lower end of dip tube 8 is at or near the bottom of container 2, to maximize the amount of dispersion 4 that can be discharged from the container before the contents are considered to be fully spent.
  • Dispersion 4 comprises an intimate slurry of a solid phase slurried in a homogeneous solvent and propellant or volatile liquid mixture.
  • the solid phase includes the active ingredient to be dispensed. A portion of the active ingredient may also be dissolved in the solvent propellant mixture.
  • Active ingredients useful in the present invention include solids which form solutions, in solvents that are liquid at room temperature and at atmospheric pressure. Any such solution should preferably contain dissolved therein a sufficient amount of the active ingredient such that the active ingredient is effective for its intended function. For instance, a solution of an antiperspirant would be desired to contain about 2% to about 10% or more by weight, of antiperspirant upon application of the solution to the skin.
  • the amount of any other active ingredient that should be present in a solution thereof, to be dispensed from the dispensing systems of the present invention will vary according to the identity of the active ingredient and its desired function. Such amounts can readily be determined from reference literature or from simple experimentation, for any particular active ingredient.
  • the maximum amount of active ingredient that can be dissolved in any particular solvent or solvent system is determined by the "solubility limit", by which term is meant the maximum amount of an
  • solubilizing the desired active ingredient at room temperature and pressure are also capable of
  • gaseous propellant is composed of more than one component
  • satisfactory solvents include those which can solubilize all such propellant components to form a homogeneous propellant and solvent mixture.
  • Suitable solvents for varying active ingredients include water, mono and polyhydric alcohols of two or more carbons such as lower alkanols, such as ethanol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol, polyols such as glycerine and propylene glycol,
  • esters including lower alkyl esters of lower alkanoic acids, such as ethyl acetate; ethers, such as diethyl ether and methylethyl ether; alkanes; hydrocarbons, kerosene, oils such as mineral or vegetable oils and lower alkyl ketones, such as acetone and methylethyl ketone.
  • Satisfactory solvents can also include
  • the amount of solvent is generally 20 to 60 wt. %, preferably 25 to 55 wt. %.
  • Propellant system 5 is sealed within container
  • Propellants useful in the practice of the present invention can generally include any liguefiable or compressible gaseous propellant conventionally used in aerosol-type dispensers.
  • propellants are selected from the group consisting of
  • non-chlorinated fluorocarbons low boiling ethers, low boiling hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable volatile liquids would be those compounds which are liquid under conditions of use but easily volatilized or evaporated under normal
  • the propellant, or volatile liquid, single compound or mixture is selected to form a homogeneous mixture with the active ingredient laden solvent usually combined under pressure. At that point, solids
  • ingredient may remain dissolved in the solvent and perhaps in the propellant, or volatile liquid, depending on solvent properties of active ingredient. Simple tests of selected solvent and propellant or volatile liquid in glass pressure containers can be used to determine homogeneous mixtures. Two phase mixtures, while they would work with vigorous shaking prior to application, are not preferred because the active ingredient concentrates in one of the phases and may be non-uniformly dispersed when the phases are not well mixed. Excess propellant, in small quantity, may exist as a separate phase for use in pressurizing the
  • the propellant solvent mixture is selected, however, to give a homogeneous mixture containing the dispersed active ingredient solids under pressure in the aerosol container, and on dispensing a solution of active ingredient and solvent as the propellant vaporizes at atmospheric pressure.
  • propellant phase 5 are selected so that a portion of the propellant is dissolved within the liquid phase of the dispersion when the contents within container 2 are fully pressurized. Distributing the propellant between the gas phase 5 and the liquid phase of dispersion 4 displaces active ingredient from solution in the solvent and assists in maintaining the desired slurry of solid active ingredient in the solvent.
  • the active ingredient may be distributed between the solid phase of dispersion 4 and the solvent propellant forming the liquid phase of dispersion 4. On dispensing the active ingredient redissolves in the solvent as propellant is vaporized.
  • the dispensing system of the present invention can be produced using techniques conventionally employed for manufacturing aerosol dispensing systems, with but minor modifications.
  • a solution is prepared of the active ingredient dissolved in the solvent system
  • the amount of active ingredient employed should not exceed the solubility limit of that material in the solvent system employed. In that way, the amount of active ingredient present in the dispersion that subsequently forms on addition of propellant ⁇ that is , present in solution prior to addition of propellant or slurried in solid form after addition of propellant and sealing the can ⁇ is also no greater than the solubility limit of the active ingredient in the solvent when sprayed to atmosphere or the target (propellant has evaporated).
  • the propellant of choice for the given system is fed into the container.
  • the container can be sealed before or after adding propellant.
  • Propellant can be fed using either through-the-valve or under-the-cup filling techniques conventionally employed in this industry for charging propellant gas to a pressurized aerosol container.
  • an equilibrium portion thereof dissolves in the liquid solvent present in the container.
  • the solubility of the active ingredient in the solution of the propellant and solvent decreases to become less than the solubility of the active ingredient in the solvent per se.
  • continued feeding of the propellant into the container and solubilization thereof in the solvent causes the active ingredient to form a precipitate which remains slurried in the solvent.
  • the propellant should not interact with the active ingredient or the solvent as by undergoing a chemical reaction or forming an
  • indispersible gel or other by-product Determining propellants that satisfy these criteria is a straightforward matter. In some cases the entire amount of active ingredient will precipitate from the solvent, whereas in other cases only a portion thereof will precipitate such that the active ingredient remains distributed between the solid phase and the solvent.
  • Sufficient propellant is charged to the interior of the container 2 to precipitate active ingredient from solution in the solvent and to establish over the dispersion which is thus formed a sufficiently high pressure such that when the dispensing means 3 is actuated, the propellant drives the solid and solvent components of the dispersion up dip tube 8 and out through the dispensing means 3 to the atmosphere.
  • the final pressure of the fully charged dispenser is
  • the amount of propellant in the container will generally be about 10% or more by weight of all ingredients, preferably 25-90%, and more preferably about 30 to about 70% by weight.
  • dispensing system of the present invention effectively provides a solution of active ingredient in a solvent therefor to the atmosphere or to any particular desired target surface. This avoids the normal heavy spray of solids when dispensing a dispersion of solids from the aerosol can.
  • preformed mixtures of active ingredient, solvent, and propellant can be prepared and the aerosol container 2 filled with the mixture under pressure.
  • solid active ingredient can be added to solvent and propellant to form such mixtures for filling provided the active ingredient is formulated to dissolve in the solvent when propellant vaporizes from the mixture during use.
  • Products can also be prepared from active ingredient dissolved or combined with a solvent
  • the volatile liquid which can be packaged conventionally in pressure and non-pressure packages.
  • the volatile liquid evaporates and the active ingredient re-dissolves in the solvent thereby being more available than a powder version of the same active ingredient.
  • Applying the active ingredient as a solution affords a number of advantages including even and thorough application; and the ability to adhere to surfaces to which solids would not readily adhere.
  • application in the form of a solution is preferable because the solution is clear and leaves no unsightly residue whereas application of a powder will create a visible residue or film.
  • Antiperspirants are a significant example of such a product whose appearance upon discharge is an important factor affecting the attractiveness and salability of the product.
  • Another significant advantage of the invention described herein is that it permits the dispensing of a solution containing active ingredient in higher amounts than previously achieved.
  • the system holds more active ingredient than can be kept in solution within the pressurized container, yet manages to dispense that active ingredient in a completely solubilized form.
  • the invention permits tailoring the amounts of each component, particularly the propellant, to achieve desirable results unconstrained by the solubility of the active ingredient in the homogeneous solution formed by the propellant in the solvent. Increasing the amount of propellant ⁇ which is now permitted by the present invention, even as the active ingredient precipitates ⁇ permits establishing better atomization and quicker drying of the dispensed solution. The invention also permits using less propellant per amount of active ingredient. The present invention also permits the
  • antiperspirants were prepared containing the components listed in the following Table 1, in the amounts shown in the table. Solutions were prepared containing all the components except the propellant. The solution was sealed in valved glass bottles, and then the indicated amount of propellant was injected through the valve.
  • a powder was seen to precipitate upon addition of the propellant.
  • the powder was a fine white
  • Pressurized dispensing systems for antiperspirants were prepared containing the components listed in the following Tables 2, 2A, and 2B, in the amounts shown.
  • the solution was sealed in valved glass bottles and the amount of propellant injected through the valve.
  • Various amounts of active ingredient indicate the advantage of forming a precipitate within the can or jar which is soluble in solvent on

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)

Abstract

Le système distributeur (1) comporte un réservoir (2). Ce réservoir est un volume creux hermétiquement fermé auquel est adapté un dispositif de distribution (3) actionnable depuis l'extérieur. Ce dispositif sert à propulser à la demande le produit contenu dans le réservoir (2), soit dans l'atmosphère ambiante, soit sur une surface visée. Le réservoir (2) contient des corps solides actifs en dispersion dans un mélange homogène de solvant et de propulseur (5). Le dispositif de distribution (3) est constitué d'un bouton (6), d'un dispositif à valve (7) et d'un tube plongeur (8). Le dispositif à valve (7) est de préférence d'un type comportant un passage pour le produit à distribuer et d'une valve ouvrant en réaction à l'effet d'un ressort. Par cette construction, la valve reste normalement fermée sous l'action du ressort, empêchant ainsi la sortie du produit par la valve sauf lorsque la valve est forcée en position ouverte par une action externe.
PCT/US1994/007513 1993-07-09 1994-07-07 Distribution de poudres dispersees redevenant solubles a l'application WO1995001775A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9600318A GB2294638A (en) 1993-07-09 1994-07-07 Dispensing dispersed powder which resolubilizes on application
AU72180/94A AU7218094A (en) 1993-07-09 1994-07-07 Dispensing dispersed powder which resolubilizes on application

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US20220793A 1993-07-09 1993-07-09
US202,207 1993-07-09
US21477894A 1994-03-17 1994-03-17
US214,778 1994-03-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995001775A1 true WO1995001775A1 (fr) 1995-01-19

Family

ID=26897465

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1994/007513 WO1995001775A1 (fr) 1993-07-09 1994-07-07 Distribution de poudres dispersees redevenant solubles a l'application

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7218094A (fr)
GB (1) GB2294638A (fr)
WO (1) WO1995001775A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997040873A1 (fr) * 1996-04-30 1997-11-06 Medtronic, Inc. Melange de gaz propulseur pour pompe a medicament implantable
WO1998013014A1 (fr) * 1996-09-27 1998-04-02 Unilever Plc Composition antisudorifique aerosol
EP1117369A4 (fr) * 1999-07-29 2004-08-11 Reheis Inc Compositions antisudorifiques destinees a des preparations d'aerosols
US7569396B1 (en) 2006-09-08 2009-08-04 Purplecow Llc Caffeine detection using internally referenced competitive assays
US7919331B2 (en) 2006-12-21 2011-04-05 Silver Lake Research Corporation Chromatographic test strips for one or more analytes

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3981986A (en) * 1973-11-23 1976-09-21 Armour Pharmaceutical Company Zirconium-aluminum-polyol buffered anti-perspirant complexes
US5118494A (en) * 1990-03-23 1992-06-02 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Use of soluble fluorosurfactants for the preparation of metered-dose aerosol formulations

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3981986A (en) * 1973-11-23 1976-09-21 Armour Pharmaceutical Company Zirconium-aluminum-polyol buffered anti-perspirant complexes
US5118494A (en) * 1990-03-23 1992-06-02 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Use of soluble fluorosurfactants for the preparation of metered-dose aerosol formulations

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, "Fluorocarbon and Dimethyl Ether Aerosol Propellants", (STERLING), December 1982, pages 50-52. *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997040873A1 (fr) * 1996-04-30 1997-11-06 Medtronic, Inc. Melange de gaz propulseur pour pompe a medicament implantable
US6264921B1 (en) 1996-04-30 2001-07-24 Medtronic, Inc. Fluid delivery system and propellant mixture therefor
WO1998013014A1 (fr) * 1996-09-27 1998-04-02 Unilever Plc Composition antisudorifique aerosol
US5814309A (en) * 1996-09-27 1998-09-29 Helene Curtis, Inc. Aerosol antiperspirant composition
EP1117369A4 (fr) * 1999-07-29 2004-08-11 Reheis Inc Compositions antisudorifiques destinees a des preparations d'aerosols
US7569396B1 (en) 2006-09-08 2009-08-04 Purplecow Llc Caffeine detection using internally referenced competitive assays
US7919331B2 (en) 2006-12-21 2011-04-05 Silver Lake Research Corporation Chromatographic test strips for one or more analytes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7218094A (en) 1995-02-06
GB2294638A (en) 1996-05-08
GB9600318D0 (en) 1996-03-13

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