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WO1996036799A1 - Debris trap for a gas turbine and a method of installing a debris trap at the gas turbine inlet - Google Patents

Debris trap for a gas turbine and a method of installing a debris trap at the gas turbine inlet Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996036799A1
WO1996036799A1 PCT/SE1996/000638 SE9600638W WO9636799A1 WO 1996036799 A1 WO1996036799 A1 WO 1996036799A1 SE 9600638 W SE9600638 W SE 9600638W WO 9636799 A1 WO9636799 A1 WO 9636799A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
debris trap
gas turbine
turbine
inlet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1996/000638
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Roine Brännström
Original Assignee
Abb Carbon Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Abb Carbon Ab filed Critical Abb Carbon Ab
Publication of WO1996036799A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996036799A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/32—Collecting of condensation water; Drainage ; Removing solid particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/04—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/05—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants having provisions for obviating the penetration of damaging objects or particles
    • F02C7/052—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants having provisions for obviating the penetration of damaging objects or particles with dust-separation devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2273/00—Operation of filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2273/20—High temperature filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2275/00—Filter media structures for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2275/20—Shape of filtering material
    • B01D2275/201—Conical shape

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for preventing unwanted matter, for example debris, from entering the inlet of a gas turbine, to which hot gases from a combus ⁇ tion plant are flowing.
  • the hot gases are usually passed from the combustor to a gas turbine for recovery of useful energy from the gases.
  • the hot gases may consist of flue gases which are passed from the combustor via dust separators and further via a pipeline direct to the inlet of the gas turbine.
  • the dust separators are used to relieve the hot gas, to the greatest possible extent, from dust particles accompanying the gas after the combustion.
  • the dust separators are usually in the form of cyclones, but also hot gas filters are used to clean the hot gas before it is passed to the gas turbine.
  • a power plant of a fluid bed type is equipped with a relati- vely large number of dust separators in the form of cyclones and/or hot gas filters.
  • dust separators and hot gas filters because of the erosive effect exerted by the particles in the hot gas on matter in, for example, dust separators and hot gas filters, revisions, overhauls and service of these components must be carried out at regular intervals. The situation is further aggravated by the fact that the hot gases may be corrosive.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the problem described above.
  • a power plant in a gas pipe which conducts hot gases from a pressurized combustor to a gas turbine is equipped with a debris trap at the inlet of the gas turbine.
  • the object of such a debris trap is to ensure that unwanted matter accompanying a gas flow in the gas pipe to the gas turbine is stopped before the very entry of the gas flow into the gas turbine.
  • unwanted matter is meant here . all foreign matter which normally is not part of the gas flowing in the gas pipe.
  • the debris trap is made up of a device which filters away the above-mentioned impermissible matter from the gas flow.
  • the debris trap is here in the form of a strainer, a net, a grating, or the like, and is placed in the gas pipe ahead of the inlet into the turbine section of the gas turbine.
  • the strainer is provided with a number of holes with a diameter amounting to the order of magnitude of 5 mm, or the net or the grating has mesh openings amounting to the order of magnitude of 5 mm. This is no necessary restriction. Other hole diameters or mesh openings may be used as well.
  • the object of the debris trap is to prevent unwanted matter from entering the gas turbine via the inlet thereof.
  • the risks of such matter ending up in the flow paths of the gas are greatest during the period immediately after a revision or stop of the plant, when an intervention has been made.
  • the method according to the invention comprises the measure of installing the debris trap at the gas turbine inlet in connection with commissioning of the gas turbine after a revision or another stop in the plant in which the gas turbine constitutes a component. After a few days of operation of the plant, when the need of the debris trap is no longer found to be justified, the debris trap may be removed.
  • Figure 1 is a general view of the location of a debris trap in a gas pipe in relation to a combustor and a gas turbine connected to the combustor.
  • Figure 2 shows on an enlarged scale a strainer used as a debris trap in a gas pipe according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a combustor 1 in which hot gases 2 are generated and passed via a gas pipe 3 to the turbine section 4 of a gas turbine.
  • the path of the hot gas 2 from the combustor 1 is illustrated by arrows in the gas pipe 3.
  • the gas pipe 3 is provided with a debris trap 5 according to the invention near the inlet 6 into the turbine section 4 of a gas turbine, the debris trap 5 being arranged in the gas pipe 3 upstream of the turbine section 4 of the gas turbine and downstream of a dust separator lb.
  • the debris trap is in the form of a strainer, a net, a grating or the like means, provided with substantially equally large openings.
  • the debris trap 5 is arranged near an intercept valve 7, located upstream of the turbine section 4 of the gas turbine, which is a valve means which, inter alia for safety reasons, is usually provided ahead of the gas turbine.
  • Figure 2 illustrates an example of one embodiment of the debris trap 5, where the debris trap has the shape of a conical strainer with the tip of the cone facing the gas flow 2.
  • the strainer is made with a large number of holes for the gas 2, the holes suitably having a diameter amounting to 5 mm.
  • a net or a grating with the same shape as the strainer may be used.
  • the method in which the debris trap 5 is utilized, is characterized in that the debris trap is placed inside the gas pipe 3 after the plant has been serviced or when there is a reason to suspect that foreign matter may appear in the gas flow. After a certain time of operation, for example a couple of days, the debris trap may be removed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

A debris trap (5) in a power plant, where hot gases (2) are generated in a pressurized combustor (1) and are passed via a gas pipe (3) to the turbine section (4) of a gas turbine, wherein the debris trap (5) is mounted at the inlet (6) of the turbine section (4) to ensure that unwanted matter accompanying the gas flow (2) in the gas pipe (3) to the turbine section (4) is stopped before the very entry of the gas flow (2) into the turbine section (4) of the gas turbine.

Description

DEBRIS TRAP FOR A GAS TURBINE AND A METHOD OF INSTALLING A DEBRIS TRAP AT THE GAS TURBINE INLET
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a method and a device for preventing unwanted matter, for example debris, from entering the inlet of a gas turbine, to which hot gases from a combus¬ tion plant are flowing.
BACKGROUND ART
In a combustion plant for generating hot gases in a combustor, the hot gases are usually passed from the combustor to a gas turbine for recovery of useful energy from the gases. The hot gases may consist of flue gases which are passed from the combustor via dust separators and further via a pipeline direct to the inlet of the gas turbine. The dust separators are used to relieve the hot gas, to the greatest possible extent, from dust particles accompanying the gas after the combustion. The dust separators are usually in the form of cyclones, but also hot gas filters are used to clean the hot gas before it is passed to the gas turbine.
It is necessary to relieve the hot gases as far as possible from particles in order to spare the blades of the turbine from the greatly erosive effect exerted on these blades by particles flowing in the hot gas.
A power plant of a fluid bed type is equipped with a relati- vely large number of dust separators in the form of cyclones and/or hot gas filters. Among other things because of the erosive effect exerted by the particles in the hot gas on matter in, for example, dust separators and hot gas filters, revisions, overhauls and service of these components must be carried out at regular intervals. The situation is further aggravated by the fact that the hot gases may be corrosive. It has been found that revisions carried out in the above- mentioned type of power plants constitute a serious problem because of the potential risk that forgotten articles in the form of tools, residues of consumable supplies, insulation, pieces of sheet metal and the like in the gas paths may lead to such matter, when commissioning the plant, accompanying the gas flow and arriving at the inlet of the gas turbine. This may lead to serious and costly damage to the turbine, its blades, etc., resulting in standstill of the plant.
The object of the present invention is to overcome the problem described above.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, a power plant in a gas pipe which conducts hot gases from a pressurized combustor to a gas turbine is equipped with a debris trap at the inlet of the gas turbine. The object of such a debris trap is to ensure that unwanted matter accompanying a gas flow in the gas pipe to the gas turbine is stopped before the very entry of the gas flow into the gas turbine. By unwanted matter is meant here . all foreign matter which normally is not part of the gas flowing in the gas pipe.
The debris trap is made up of a device which filters away the above-mentioned impermissible matter from the gas flow. The debris trap is here in the form of a strainer, a net, a grating, or the like, and is placed in the gas pipe ahead of the inlet into the turbine section of the gas turbine. In one embodiment, the strainer is provided with a number of holes with a diameter amounting to the order of magnitude of 5 mm, or the net or the grating has mesh openings amounting to the order of magnitude of 5 mm. This is no necessary restriction. Other hole diameters or mesh openings may be used as well.
The object of the debris trap is to prevent unwanted matter from entering the gas turbine via the inlet thereof. The risks of such matter ending up in the flow paths of the gas are greatest during the period immediately after a revision or stop of the plant, when an intervention has been made. For this reason, the method according to the invention comprises the measure of installing the debris trap at the gas turbine inlet in connection with commissioning of the gas turbine after a revision or another stop in the plant in which the gas turbine constitutes a component. After a few days of operation of the plant, when the need of the debris trap is no longer found to be justified, the debris trap may be removed.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a general view of the location of a debris trap in a gas pipe in relation to a combustor and a gas turbine connected to the combustor.
Figure 2 shows on an enlarged scale a strainer used as a debris trap in a gas pipe according to the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
An embodiment of a debris trap according to the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 illustrates a combustor 1 in which hot gases 2 are generated and passed via a gas pipe 3 to the turbine section 4 of a gas turbine. The path of the hot gas 2 from the combustor 1 is illustrated by arrows in the gas pipe 3.
The gas pipe 3 is provided with a debris trap 5 according to the invention near the inlet 6 into the turbine section 4 of a gas turbine, the debris trap 5 being arranged in the gas pipe 3 upstream of the turbine section 4 of the gas turbine and downstream of a dust separator lb. The debris trap is in the form of a strainer, a net, a grating or the like means, provided with substantially equally large openings. In the example according to Figure 1, the debris trap 5 is arranged near an intercept valve 7, located upstream of the turbine section 4 of the gas turbine, which is a valve means which, inter alia for safety reasons, is usually provided ahead of the gas turbine.
Figure 2 illustrates an example of one embodiment of the debris trap 5, where the debris trap has the shape of a conical strainer with the tip of the cone facing the gas flow 2. The strainer is made with a large number of holes for the gas 2, the holes suitably having a diameter amounting to 5 mm. Instead of the strainer, a net or a grating with the same shape as the strainer may be used.
The method, in which the debris trap 5 is utilized, is characterized in that the debris trap is placed inside the gas pipe 3 after the plant has been serviced or when there is a reason to suspect that foreign matter may appear in the gas flow. After a certain time of operation, for example a couple of days, the debris trap may be removed.

Claims

1. A device in a power plant, where in a pressurized combustor (1) hot gases (2) are generated to be passed via a dust sepa- rator (lb) and via a gas pipe (3) to the inlet (6) of a tur¬ bine section (4) in a gas turbine, characterized in that a debris trap (5) is provided in the gas pipe (3) upstream of the inlet (6) into the turbine section (4) of the gas turbine and downstream of the dust separator (lb) to prevent foreign matter flowing with the gas (2) from penetrating into the turbine section (4) of the gas turbine.
2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the debris trap (5) has the shape of a cone, the tip of which is facing the gas flow.
3. A device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the debris trap (5) is provided with holes, the diameter or mesh size of which preferably amounts to 5 mm.
4. A method in a power plant, where in a combustor (1) hot gases (2) are generated to be passed via a dust separator (lb) and via a gas pipe (3) to the inlet (6) of a turbine section (4) in a gas turbine to prevent foreign matter flowing with the hot gas (2) from penetrating into the turbine section (4), characterized in that a debris trap (5) is mounted in the gas pipe (3) upstream of the inlet (6) into the turbine section (4) of the gas turbine and downstream of the dust separator (lb) .
5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the debris trap (5) is mounted in connection with an intervention in the plant and that the debris trap (5) is removed after a short period of operation of the plant.
PCT/SE1996/000638 1995-05-16 1996-05-15 Debris trap for a gas turbine and a method of installing a debris trap at the gas turbine inlet WO1996036799A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9501852-9 1995-05-16
SE9501852A SE9501852D0 (en) 1995-05-16 1995-05-16 Gas turbine debris

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996036799A1 true WO1996036799A1 (en) 1996-11-21

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ID=20398361

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WO (1) WO1996036799A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2340153A (en) * 1998-07-03 2000-02-16 Inst Francais Du Petrole Device and method for controlling the trajectory of a wellbore
US9492780B2 (en) 2014-01-16 2016-11-15 Bha Altair, Llc Gas turbine inlet gas phase contaminant removal
US9709275B2 (en) 2014-06-25 2017-07-18 General Electric Company Debris removal system
US10502136B2 (en) 2014-10-06 2019-12-10 Bha Altair, Llc Filtration system for use in a gas turbine engine assembly and method of assembling thereof

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4076508A (en) * 1977-05-31 1978-02-28 Christensen Frederich M Debris separator for hot gas stream
US4077739A (en) * 1976-12-20 1978-03-07 General Motors Corporation Engine turbocharger turbine inlet screen
US4821520A (en) * 1988-07-22 1989-04-18 Rumfield Michael A Turbocharger protector screen
SE459986B (en) * 1987-04-09 1989-08-28 Asea Stal Ab POWER PLANT WITH CYCLON CLEANER WITH COLD CYCLON BEN

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4077739A (en) * 1976-12-20 1978-03-07 General Motors Corporation Engine turbocharger turbine inlet screen
US4076508A (en) * 1977-05-31 1978-02-28 Christensen Frederich M Debris separator for hot gas stream
SE459986B (en) * 1987-04-09 1989-08-28 Asea Stal Ab POWER PLANT WITH CYCLON CLEANER WITH COLD CYCLON BEN
US4821520A (en) * 1988-07-22 1989-04-18 Rumfield Michael A Turbocharger protector screen

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2340153A (en) * 1998-07-03 2000-02-16 Inst Francais Du Petrole Device and method for controlling the trajectory of a wellbore
GB2340153B (en) * 1998-07-03 2002-10-09 Inst Francais Du Petrole Device and method for controlling the trajectory of a wellbore
US9492780B2 (en) 2014-01-16 2016-11-15 Bha Altair, Llc Gas turbine inlet gas phase contaminant removal
US9709275B2 (en) 2014-06-25 2017-07-18 General Electric Company Debris removal system
US10502136B2 (en) 2014-10-06 2019-12-10 Bha Altair, Llc Filtration system for use in a gas turbine engine assembly and method of assembling thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9501852D0 (en) 1995-05-16

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