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WO1997004665A1 - Elimination de l'humidite de surface de produits alimentaires - Google Patents

Elimination de l'humidite de surface de produits alimentaires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997004665A1
WO1997004665A1 PCT/AU1996/000480 AU9600480W WO9704665A1 WO 1997004665 A1 WO1997004665 A1 WO 1997004665A1 AU 9600480 W AU9600480 W AU 9600480W WO 9704665 A1 WO9704665 A1 WO 9704665A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vessel
potato slices
discharge
cylindrical vessel
cylindrical
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1996/000480
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Clement Victor Braha
David Keith Ward
David Leslie Furby
Original Assignee
Alta Spinner Australia Pty. Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AUPN4510A external-priority patent/AUPN451095A0/en
Priority claimed from AUPN6318A external-priority patent/AUPN631895A0/en
Application filed by Alta Spinner Australia Pty. Limited filed Critical Alta Spinner Australia Pty. Limited
Priority to AU66061/96A priority Critical patent/AU6606196A/en
Publication of WO1997004665A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997004665A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J43/00—Implements for preparing or holding food, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A47J43/24—Devices for washing vegetables or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L19/10—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops
    • A23L19/12—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops of potatoes
    • A23L19/18—Roasted or fried products, e.g. snacks or chips

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns improvements and developments relating to surface moisture removal from food products, and more particularly can be applied to methods and apparatus for processing food products in a manner to remove surface moisture.
  • the invention can be applied to processing potato slices or other cut fragments for the production of potato chips, which are sometimes known as potato crisps.
  • the invention is described with particular reference to the processing of potato slices, the invention also extends to and is applicable to analogous processes and apparatus for removal of liquid phase components of various materials and especially those which are analogous in form and character to potato slices.
  • a typical plant will be arranged to process 4,000 kg of potato slices per hour and the output will have a weight of around 1,000 kg per hour.
  • the plant is arranged to receive, peel, slice and wash potato slices which are then advanced to a deep frying process which rapidly process the potato slices into the final potato crisp product, which is bagged and packaged at the end of the production line.
  • the washed potato slices will have surface moisture accounting for about 10% of the weight of the potato slice and this is in addition to the moisture retained within the potato structure. It has long been understood that surface moisture on potato slices is deleterious to the frying process and the quality of the final product. Therefore efforts have been made to remove as much surface moisture as possible in a high speed process, which must not subject the relatively fragile potato slices to damage.
  • a method of removing liquid from a feedstock comprising a mass of solid elements and a liquid, the method comprising discharging feedstock downwardly through an upper inlet port into a cylindrical vessel having a perforated peripheral wall, subjecting the vessel to rotation about its axis at a selected speed and for a selected time such that deleterious effects on the solid elements are substantially avoided and under centrifugal force liquid migrates from the surface of the solid elements out through the perforated wall to be discharged, and opening a discharge port at the opposite end of the vessel to the inlet port for discharging the feedstock.
  • An important form of the invention relates to producing potato chips; in this form broadly the invention consists of a method of producing potato chips comprising preparing potato slices in a preliminary stage which produces washed slices having surface water, supplying the washed potato slices to a centrifugal water removal apparatus, operating the water removal apparatus at a selected speed to remove the majority of the surface water substantially without deleterious mechanical damage to the potato slices, and discharging the potato slices to a potato frying station.
  • potato fragments includes slices or other shaped portions.
  • Use of the word “comprising” is to specify a non- exhaustive list of components.
  • the process is operated by disposing the cylindrical vessel with a substantially vertical axis and loading the feedstock through an inlet port which is uppermost while the vessel is rotated at processing speed, the vessel being at least substantially slowed down for the purpose of discharge of feedstock when a discharge door at the lower end of the vessel is opened.
  • the vessel is rotated at approximately 1000 rpm and preferably at about 940 rpm.
  • a drive motor is mounted on the lower side of the discharge door in direct engagement with the rotatably mounted disk of the discharge door, the disk being adapted to engage with a lower portion of the cylindrical vessel and thereby transmit motion to it.
  • the applicants alternatively propose a variation where an electric motor for rotatably driving discharge door and thus the cylindrical vessel is mounted on an upper side region of the apparatus, e.g. on the outside of a peripheral drum which enshrouds the rotatable cylindrical vessel.
  • a drive belt system can be used to engage and drive the door.
  • the rotatable disk has a frusto ⁇ conical form whereby its periphery tapers inwardly in an upward direction to engage at corresponding or similar taper on the lowermost portion of the cylindrical vessel whereby the closing action applies an interference fit.
  • an apparatus that can function in the middle of a continuous processing line is required and the apparatus must be capable of being accommodated in a compact form and must operate with very high efficiency to minimise surface moisture on the potato slices without damage to the slices.
  • a preferred embodiment of apparatus comprises a multiplicity of independently rotatable cylindrical perforated vessels or drums spaced around a turntable and rotatable about their respective vertical axes, each drum being of the form described above for practising the method.
  • the process can be operated by step-wise rotation of the turntable to advance each drum in turn through a succession of stations at which the turntable stops for a short time for loading and discharge.
  • loading happens while a drum transits a loading station and similarly discharge occurs at a discharge station speedily and in between is a zone in which the drums spin typically at about 1000 rpm and typically for 20 seconds in order to remove surface moisture to a low level.
  • the invention is implemented with seven perforated drums provided on a turntable with a drum resident in a loading zone and a discharge zone for about 4 seconds and in a spinning zone for around 20 seconds.
  • Another aspect of the invention consists in apparatus for practising the process described above in any one of its forms.
  • the invention consists in a potato chip making process comprising supplying washed potato slices to a centrifugal water removal apparatus, operating the water removal apparatus at a selected speed to remove the majority of the ⁇ urface water substantially without deleterious mechanical damage to the potato slices, and advancing the processed potato slices to a frying station.
  • the centrifugal water removing apparatus is operated at a speed of around 1000 rpm (e.g. 940 rpm) for a moderate length of time of say around 20 seconds whereby relatively gentle handling of the potato slices is achieved yet a commercially acceptable rate of processing is achievable to integrate the process into a commercial potato chip manufacturing process.
  • the centrifugal water removal step uses a multi-centrifugal apparatus comprising vertical tubes which are top loaded and having bottom discharge doors, each tube being braked when the door is opened to discharge potato slices.
  • centrifugal drying apparatus suitable for processing potato slices or potato chips (crisps) is described with reference to the drawings of which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic general arrangement in side view of an apparatus in a potato chip processing line;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of the seven- station centrifugal processing apparatus of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic front elevation of part of the apparatus of Figure 1 illustrating one centrifugal cylinder with its lower discharge door in a closed position, the open portion being shown in dotted lines;
  • the present embodiment has seven upright cylindrical perforated baskets 15, which are moved through a series of seven stations.
  • the embodiment of Figures 1 to 3 was designed so that the baskets 15 move sequentially and intermittently through the series of stations although in another embodiment, described below, a continuous motion can be provided.
  • a first station A see Figure 2 approximately 14 kg or more of potato slices are discharged as a batch from the supply elevator into a funnel 20 which leads to an open top of a cylindrical basket, while the basket is rotating at a speed of about 940 rpm.
  • This filling step is conducted within 3 seconds and then a turntable mechanism is actuated to rotate the drying apparatus in about 1 second through approximately 51.4° to move each basket to its next station.
  • the supply elevator 12 comprises an upwardly inclined conveyor having flights, which take up potato slices emerging from a conventional peeler/slicer/washer unit 11.
  • the elevator has a drive mechanism controlled in synchronisation with the drying apparatus so that the desired quantity of potato slices are supplied to a basket at position A and during the short transition time when the turntable is operated to move baskets from station to station it would be possible to operate the elevator 12 continuously, at least providing a discharge spout 19 can reliably direct the potato slices into the basket leaving station A and then into the basket 15 arriving from station G to station A.
  • a synchronised swivel mechanism to oscillate the spout could be incorporated in order to direct correctly slices into one basket or the other or alternatively a brief interruption in drive to the elevator might be provided to ensure potato slices are not spilt outside the receiving baskets 15.
  • FIG 3 shows in enlarged sectional detail one of the cylindrical baskets mounted on a centre support drum 17.
  • the centre support drum 17 is mounted via a bearing 60 on a support 61 which permits the apparatus itself to be supported on a platform 21 (shown in Figure 1) .
  • the bearing unit 60 includes roller bearings 62.
  • the centre support drum 17 has an annular base 63 to which is fixed a ring-shaped bottom plate for mounting each drum unit.
  • Each drum unit includes a rotatable basket 15 rotatably mounted on the periphery of the centre support drum 17 by respective top plates 64 and bottom plates 65.
  • a turntable unit is thus provided by the centre support drums 17 to move sequentially the baskets 15 from station to station.
  • a drive motor (not shown) is provided for rotating the turntable unit in response to a control unit which is programmed to operate intermittently to achieve the method of operation described above.
  • each basket 15 Associated with each basket 15 is a cylindrical shroud 30 fixed between the top and bottom plates. Within the each shroud a perforated stainless steel cylindrical basket 15 is mounted. Typically the cylindrical basket is 340mm diameter and the outer shroud is 400mm diameter and in use water migrates radially outwardly into the space and is discharged through an annular drain 66 at the bottom of the apparatus.
  • the discharge door 16 is pivotally mounted through a hinge 45 to the radially outward portion of the bottom plate 65, the door having an integral arm 46 extending radially outwardly to a further pivotal linkage 47 connected to the operating ram 48 of a pneumatic cylinder 49, the top end of which is pivotally mounted through a mounting 49 to the top plate 64.
  • An electrical drive motor 35 is mounted to the base of the discharge door 16 and has its drive shaft permanently connected to a rotatable drive plate 50 having a frusto-conical form tapering upwardly and, as shown in Figure 3, adapted to be a taper fit into the bottom end of the cylindrical basket 15.
  • the upper end of the cylindrical basket 15 has a neck 51 rotatably mounted in a bearing 52 whereby the whole drum is supported through a top drum support structure 53. This support structure is removable to facilitate servicing.
  • the discharge door is opened by actuating the pneumatic cylinder 49, the door swinging down to the position shown partially in dotted lines in Figure 3 thereby permitting discharge of the dried potato slices.
  • FIG. 4 Another embodiment of the invention is one in which the turntable structure is adapted to be driven continuously.
  • an alternative funnel structure as shown in Figure 4 is provided on the top of each cylindrical vessel.
  • the funnel has a periphery of trapezoidal shape 23 leading to a downwardly projected cylindrical central discharge spout 24 leading into the top of a cylindrical vessel .
  • the funnels overlap and thus provide a continuum around the apparatus for collecting all discharged potato slices .
  • a water spray is used from spray head 22 as described above with reference to Figure 1.
  • spray head 22 As described above with reference to Figure 1.
  • the slicing process for producing potato slices does damage or bruise some cells in the potato structure thereby releasing starch which tends to settle in the wash tank but an appreciable quantity of starch becomes distributed over and sticks to the slices. After the frying process this results in an adverse blotchy appearance to the potato slices.
  • the water spray has been found to aid removal of starch in the processing according to the present invention and this enhances the appearance of the product .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)

Abstract

On traite les tranches de pommes de terre humides pour éliminer l'humidité de surface avant de les faire frire en introduisant une certaine quantité de tranches dans un tambour cylindrique comportant une paroi latérale perforée, au sommet un orifice d'entrée et en bas une porte de déchargement pouvant être fermée. On fait tourner le tambour à environ 1000 t/min pendant environ 20 secondes, ce qui diminue le taux résiduel d'humidité de surface puis, à un poste de déchargement, on ouvre la porte pour faire passer les tranches de pommes de terre traitées dans une unité de friture. A ce poste de déchargement, on freine de préférence le tambour perforé pour le mettre à l'arrêt afin de faciliter le déchargement. Dans l'un des modes de réalisation préférés, sept tambours de ce type sont fixés autour d'une table tournante qui les déplace progressivement depuis un poste de chargement vers un poste de déchargement en passant par une zone de rotation des tambours, ce qui constitue un procédé semi-continu.
PCT/AU1996/000480 1995-07-31 1996-07-30 Elimination de l'humidite de surface de produits alimentaires WO1997004665A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU66061/96A AU6606196A (en) 1995-07-31 1996-07-30 Surface moisture removal from food products

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPN4510A AUPN451095A0 (en) 1995-07-31 1995-07-31 Surface moisture removal from food products
AUPN4510 1995-07-31
AUPN6318 1995-11-01
AUPN6318A AUPN631895A0 (en) 1995-11-01 1995-11-01 Improvements in surface moisture removal

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997004665A1 true WO1997004665A1 (fr) 1997-02-13

Family

ID=25644999

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1996/000480 WO1997004665A1 (fr) 1995-07-31 1996-07-30 Elimination de l'humidite de surface de produits alimentaires

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1997004665A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7048750B2 (en) 1996-08-30 2006-05-23 Verigen Ag Method, instruments, and kits for autologous transplantation
EP2254311A1 (fr) 1999-06-15 2010-11-24 Tectia Oyj Maintien des translations d'adresses pour communications de données

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2994613A (en) * 1954-06-07 1961-08-01 William A Strehlow Method of preparing and cooking potatoes
SU980675A1 (ru) * 1981-04-08 1982-12-15 Научно-Производственное Объединение По Производству Продуктов Из Картофеля Министерства Пищевой Промышленности Ссср Способ получени хруст щего картофел

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2994613A (en) * 1954-06-07 1961-08-01 William A Strehlow Method of preparing and cooking potatoes
SU980675A1 (ru) * 1981-04-08 1982-12-15 Научно-Производственное Объединение По Производству Продуктов Из Картофеля Министерства Пищевой Промышленности Ссср Способ получени хруст щего картофел

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession No. 83-787739; & SU,A,980 675 (POTATO PRODTS PROD) 25 December 1982. *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7048750B2 (en) 1996-08-30 2006-05-23 Verigen Ag Method, instruments, and kits for autologous transplantation
EP2254311A1 (fr) 1999-06-15 2010-11-24 Tectia Oyj Maintien des translations d'adresses pour communications de données

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