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WO1997006983A1 - Systeme tubulaire gonflable de retenue - Google Patents

Systeme tubulaire gonflable de retenue Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997006983A1
WO1997006983A1 PCT/US1995/010695 US9510695W WO9706983A1 WO 1997006983 A1 WO1997006983 A1 WO 1997006983A1 US 9510695 W US9510695 W US 9510695W WO 9706983 A1 WO9706983 A1 WO 9706983A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
braided tube
inflatable
safety belt
buckle assembly
bladder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1995/010695
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gershon Yaniv
David J. Romeo
Dirk J. Hardtmann
Original Assignee
Simula Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Simula Inc. filed Critical Simula Inc.
Priority to PCT/US1995/010695 priority Critical patent/WO1997006983A1/fr
Publication of WO1997006983A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997006983A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/18—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags the inflatable member formed as a belt or harness or combined with a belt or harness arrangement

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to safety apparatus for restraining the body of an occupant in a vehicle to reduce the extent and severity of injuries during a crash. More specifically, the present invention relates to safety belts which reduce the extent and severity of both primary and secondary injuries to vehicle occupants.
  • Conventional safety belts are designed to protect the occupants of vehicles such as automobiles, airplanes, helicopters, trains, trucks, boats and ships from primary injuries during an accident.
  • Primary injuries are injuries caused by the initial impact of the occupants against the interior of the vehicle.
  • the protection provided by conventional safety belts against primary injuries may sometimes be inadequate.
  • slack safety belts may lead to unnecessarily serious primary injuries.
  • the safety belts themselves may often be responsible for secondary injuries, e.g. , if the load from the safety U.S. Patent No.
  • 5,282,648 which is incorporated by reference herein, discloses an inflatable body and head restraint system (shown in Figures la-Id) , wherein inflat ⁇ able bladders are attached to the shoulder straps of a harness restraint. The bladders are stowed partially underneath and partially on top of harness straps. This configuration provides stability and prevents the bladders from rolling out of position during inflation. During a crash, the bladders inflate to protect the upper body, primarily the head and neck of the occupant.
  • U.S. Pat Nos. 3,948,541 and 3,905,615 to Schulman disclose another inflatable body and head restraint system, wherein a bladder is securely affixed to shoulder straps and a lap belt.
  • the bladder has chin, chest, and pelvic bags. Upon impact, the bladder automatically inflates to cushion the pelvic areas and to prevent forward rotation of the head.
  • Figures 2a-2c upon inflation the bladder tends to roll out from its position under the shoulder straps. Also, because the bladders are constricted by the harness, portions of the bladder are subjected high pressures, which can lead to splitting of the bladder.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,841,654 to Lewis discloses a vehicle safety system which comprises a seat belt having an inflatable section. When a collision is detected, the inflatable section of the safety belt is inflated to protect the person wearing the seat belt.
  • the present invention is a safety belt system having an inflatable lap belt, connected to a crash sensor, that shortens as it inflates.
  • the present invention is intended to replace conventional automotive safety belts. It can also be used in other types of vehicles, such as boats, trains, helicopters, trucks, ships and airplanes.
  • the lap belt portion of the safety belt system comprises a braided tube of continuous high-strength fibers.
  • the braided tube may additionally contain an inner bladder. As the braided tube inflates, the diameter of the tube increases while its length decreases significantly.
  • the braided tube In the uninflated state, the braided tube assumes a flat woven belt configuration and acts as a conventional seat belt member. However, as the braided tube inflates, the decreasing tube length acts as a pretensioning device by drawing any slack out of the lap belt and the connecting shoulder strap member. The shortened length of the braided tube also helps to further restrict subsequent occupant motion.
  • the inflated braided tube additionally provides a much larger restraint surface area for the lower body, which helps to disperse belt load forces acting on the pelvic region.
  • the inflatable braided tube is connected to a gas generator which is in turn connected to a crash sensor.
  • a crash sensor detects an impact, it sends a signal to a gas generator.
  • the generator propellant ignites, inflating the braided tube.
  • the gas generator can be integrated within the seat base for sound da ⁇ ping purposes.
  • the primary function of the present invention is to prevent or reduce the severity of primary and secondary injuries suffered by a vehicle occupant by pretensioning the restraint system, further restricting the motion of the occupant's body, and by distributing the belt forces over a larger pelvic surface area.
  • Figures la-Id are schematics showing the deploy ⁇ ment sequence of prior art air bags that are affixed to the strap(s) of a harness restraint.
  • Figures 2a-2c are schematics showing the deploy ⁇ ment sequence of prior art harness-mounted air bags that roll out from under harness straps.
  • Figure 3a shows the present invention in the uninflated configuration.
  • Figure 3b shows the present invention in the inflated configuration.
  • Figure 3c shows the present invention in the uninflated configuration installed with respect to the driver-side seat of a typical automobile.
  • Figure 4a shows the braided tube of the present invention in the uninflated state.
  • Figure 4b shows the braided tube of the present invention in the inflated state.
  • Figure 5a is a cross-sectional view of a first preferred internal embodiment of the braided tube of the present invention having an inner bladder.
  • Figure 5b is a cross-sectional view of a second preferred internal embodiment of the braided tube of the present invention having a seamed inner bladder.
  • Figure 5c is a cross-sectional view of a third preferred internal embodiment of the braided tube of the present invention having a seamless inner bladder.
  • Figure 6 shows an enlarged, cross-sectional side view of a preferred method of sealing and finishing the ends of the braided tube of the present invention.
  • the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in the uninflated and inflated configurations in Figures 3a and 3b, respectively.
  • Figure 3c shows the present invention installed with respect to a typical driver-side automobile seat 121.
  • the safety belt system 110 of the present invention comprises lap belt 102, shoulder strap 103, buckle assembly 105, anchors 106 and 117, gas generator 109, and sensor assembly 123.
  • Lap belt 102 and shoulder strap 103 form one continuous strap.
  • Lap belt 102 is designed to restrict the forward motion of a seated occupant at the pelvis. It comprises braided tube 101 connected, preferably by stitching, to short strap 104 at one end, and to shoulder strap 103 at the other end. The opposite end of short strap
  • 104 is connected to lap belt anchor 106 that pivotally mounts lap belt 102 to the base portion of seat 121 (as shown in Figure 4c) or to the floor structure on the door- side of seat 121.
  • Gas generator 109 is preferably mounted inside the seat base to protect it from impacts and to dampen the noise it produces when activated.
  • Thermally resistant tubing 116 provides a fluid path from gas generator 109 to braided tube 101.
  • the other end of lap belt 102 loops through the male portion of buckle assembly 105, so that the length of the lap belt 102 can be adjusted to accommodate a wide range of seated occupants.
  • the female portion of buckle assembly
  • buckle strap 107 is attached to buckle strap 107.
  • Buckle strap 107 is mounted to the base of seat 121, or to the floor structure on the side of seat 121 that is furthest from the door, by anchor 117.
  • the female and male portions of buckle assembly 105 fasten together, thus securing safety belt system 110 around the pelvic region of an occupant in a manner similar to that used by conventional three point safety belt systems.
  • shoulder strap 103 extends diagonally from the occupant's hip to behind and above the occupant's shoulder.
  • the upper end of shoulder strap 103 loops through a D-ring 108 that is mounted to the vehicle in the roof rail or the upper B-pillar area.
  • the strap then is mounted to the vehicle by a conventional inertia reel device (not shown) .
  • Shoulder strap 103, buckle strap 107, and short strap 104 are formed from conventional webbing material such as nylon, dacron, or polyester.
  • Braided tube 101 is similar to the braided tubes disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,322,322, and in .Application Serial No. 08/181,768, filed January 21, 1994, which are incorporated by reference herein.
  • Braided tube 101 is shown in detail in Figures 4a and 4b.
  • Braided tube 101 is made of continuous fibers that may or may not be impregnated with elastomeric material, such as silicone rubber or urethane. Typical fiber materials include aramid, nylon, dacron and other polyester fibers.
  • braided tube 101 In the uninflated state, shown in Figure 4a, braided tube 101 is elongated with its woven fibers forming obtuse and acute angles at the fiber crossing points 111.
  • Angle 201 in Figure 4a is a longitudinal angle
  • angle 202 in Figure 4a is a circumferential angle
  • the fibers in the braided tube thus form clockwise and counterclockwise spirals both prior to inflation, and subsequent to inflation.
  • the spirals Prior to inflation, the spirals are stretched-out longitudinally, and have a relatively small diameter. Subsequent to inflation, the spirals are closer together longitudinally, and have a relatively larger diameter. This occurs because, when the tube is inflated, the tube fibers seek an orientation that allows a larger volume within the tube.
  • Figure 4b shows that as it inflates, braided tube 101 shortens in length, while its diameter increases.
  • the braid fibers ultimately seek an orientation in which the longitudinal angles increase substantially as the tube diameter increases.
  • the tube length decreases. If the tube were unconstrained, its length would decrease by as much as 50%.
  • the preferred range for unconstrained decrease of the tube length is 10- 50%.
  • the uninflated braided tube typically has a longitudinal angle of 30° to 70°. Because the fibers will naturally seek a longitudinal angle of 110°, the optimal angle after inflation is approximately 100°, although the useful range for the longitudinal angle after inflation is from 50° (when the uninflated longitudinal angle is low) up to 110°.
  • Figure 3a shows safety belt system 110 of the present invention in the uninflated state in which braided tube 101 assumes a flat woven belt configuration and the system acts as a conventional 3-point restraint.
  • the uninflated braided tube forms a high-strength belt that has the same width (approximately 2 inches) as the conventional webbing material of shoulder strap 103.
  • crash sensor 123 sends a signal to the initiator in gas generator 109.
  • the initiator then ignites the generator propellant, thus producing a gas that inflates braided tube 101.
  • the internal pressure causes the tube diameter to increase and the tube length to decrease.
  • lap belt 102 is constrained on the door side by lap belt anchor 106, which prevents the door-end of braided tube 101 from moving.
  • braided tube 101 contracts toward the door, pulling any slack out of lap belt
  • shoulder strap 102 and contiguous shoulder strap 103. Since shoulder strap
  • Braided tube 101 is not stowed under any belt member. This design allows the tube to inflate evenly without experiencing roll-out problems. Seam splitting problems common to inflating bladders are also avoided because braided tube 101 is a seamless structure.
  • braided tube When fully inflated as shown in Figures 3b and 3c, braided tube has a diameter of approximately 2 to 4 inches and a relative internal pressure of approximately 1 to 4 bars (2 to 5 bars absolute pressure) . Inflated braided tube 101 helps to further restrict occupant motion. Unlike conventional 3-point safety belt systems, the present invention additionally helps lessen or prevent secondary belt-inflicted injuries by providing a substantially larger restraint surface area for the lower body, which helps to disperse belt load forces acting on the pelvis.
  • gas generator used in the invention are preferably similar to those currently used in automotive air bags in Europe. Gas generators preferred for this invention must fully inflate braided tube 101 to relative pressures of approximately 1.5 bars (2.5 bars absolute) within 10 to 15 milliseconds.
  • the braided tube 101 may contain an inner bladder member, in order to provide superior gas retention.
  • Figures 5a-5c show cross-sectional views of three preferred internal embodiments of braided tube 101 of the present invention.
  • the first preferred internal embodi- ment of braided tube 101 includes an inner bladder 112 that is made of a gas-retentive fabric or material, such as a material or a fabric singly or doubly coated with silicone, neoprene or urethane.
  • Inner bladder 112 can be attached to the inner surface of braided tube 101 by adhesive bonding in several places. Portions of inner bladder 112 may be reinforced with one or more layers of material, such as elastomeric material or fabric, to provide additional thermal resistance to the gas generator's output flow.
  • Inner bladder 112 is fluidly connected to gas generator 109 (shown in Figures 3a and 3b) by thermally resistant tubing 116 (shown in Figures 3a-3c) .
  • the inflation of braided tube 101 is accomplished by the full or partial inflation of inner bladder 112. Specifically the generated gas inflates inner bladder 112, thus causing an internal pressure that inflates braided tube 101. Due to diameter restrictions imposed by the high-strength fibers of braided tube 101, inner bladder 112 may or may not be permitted to fully inflate.
  • Inner bladder 25 may or may not include a seam running the length of bladder 112.
  • FIG. 5b shows a second preferred intemal embodiment of braided tube 101 of the present invention.
  • This internal embodiment is similar to the first preferred internal embodiment, but uses a seamed inner bladder 113.
  • Seamed inner bladder 112 is constructed of one or more layers of gas-retentive elastomeric material, preferably silicone rubber or urethane, with a bonded seam 114 running the length of the bladder.
  • seamed inner bladder 113 is uniformly bonded to the inner surface of braided tube 101 by adhesive (not shown) .
  • a third preferred internal embodiment of braided tube 101 of the present invention is shown in Figure 5c.
  • This internal embodiment is similar to the second preferred internal embodiment, but uses a seamless inner bladder 115 instead of a bladder with a seam.
  • Figure 6 shows the side view of an enlarged cross-section of an end portion of braided tube 101. Braided tube 101 is shown in its inflated state.
  • Figure 6 shows inner bladder 115 of the third preferred internal embodiment.
  • inner bladders 112 or 113 shown in Figures 5a and 5b can be used instead of inner bladder 115.
  • the ends of internal bladder 115 are turned inward and flattened, essentially forming an upper and lower layer that are sealed together by adhesive 117.
  • the ends of braided tube 101 are brought together and flattened, essentially forming an upper and lower surface which are bounded together by stitching 120.
  • the end of braided tube 101 may be wrapped with one or more layers of reinforcing fabric tape 119 to prevent fraying. The wrapped tube end is then stitched to either short strap 103 or to shoulder strap 104 (depending upon which end of the tube is presented) .
  • the preferred closure and finishing method shown in Figure 5 helps braided tube 101 remain air-tight and provides adeguate load transmission between braided tube 101, the connecting belt portions of restraint system 110, and the vehicle structure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de ceinture de sécurité (110) dont l'élément de ceinture passant sur les cuisses (102) se gonfle lors d'un choc afin de protéger les occupants d'un véhicule tel qu'une automobile. L'élément gonflant de la présente invention est un tube en toile tressée (101) relié à un générateur de gaz (109). Lors de la détection d'un choc, le générateur de gaz (109) est allumé, et le tube (101) se gonfle. Au fur et à mesure que le tube (101) se gonfle, son diamètre augmente et sa longueur diminue. En se contractant, le tube (101) tend le système de ceinture de sécurité (110) en tirant sur une éventuelle partie relâchée de la ceinture passant sur les cuisses (102) et de la ceinture passant sur l'épaule (103). La structure gonflée empêche le mouvement vers l'avant d'un occupant et répartit les charges et contraintes dues à une collision sur une plus grande région pelvienne afin d'atténuer tant les blessures principales que les blessures secondairs.
PCT/US1995/010695 1995-08-16 1995-08-16 Systeme tubulaire gonflable de retenue WO1997006983A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1995/010695 WO1997006983A1 (fr) 1995-08-16 1995-08-16 Systeme tubulaire gonflable de retenue

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1995/010695 WO1997006983A1 (fr) 1995-08-16 1995-08-16 Systeme tubulaire gonflable de retenue

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997006983A1 true WO1997006983A1 (fr) 1997-02-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1995/010695 WO1997006983A1 (fr) 1995-08-16 1995-08-16 Systeme tubulaire gonflable de retenue

Country Status (1)

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Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998055344A1 (fr) * 1997-06-02 1998-12-10 Petri Ag Systeme d'airbag
WO1999030936A1 (fr) * 1997-12-16 1999-06-24 General Motors Corporation Tendeur gonflable pour ceinture de securite
DE19821996A1 (de) * 1998-05-15 1999-11-18 Johann Berger Aufblasbares Gurtband
US6007092A (en) * 1998-02-04 1999-12-28 Johann Berger Inflatable belt webbing
DE19804378C2 (de) * 1998-02-04 2000-01-05 Johann Berger Aufblasbares Gurtband
DE19852314A1 (de) * 1998-11-12 2000-05-18 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Aufblasbarer Sicherheitsgurt für Kraftfahrzeuge
WO2000036197A1 (fr) 1998-12-14 2000-06-22 Johann Berger Sangle et son procede de fabrication
EP1074439A2 (fr) 1999-08-04 2001-02-07 Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. Dispositif de retenue pour véhicule automobile
DE19857517C2 (de) * 1998-12-14 2001-07-19 Johann Berger Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Gurtbandes und danach hergestelltes Gurtband
EP0964087A3 (fr) * 1998-06-09 2001-10-17 Takata Corporation Sac pour ceinture de sécurité gonflable
WO2002032727A1 (fr) * 2000-10-19 2002-04-25 Autoliv Development Ab Dispositif de securite pour siege de vehicule
WO2002032726A1 (fr) * 2000-10-19 2002-04-25 Autoliv Development Ab Dispositif de securite pour siege de vehicule
US6419263B1 (en) * 1998-05-11 2002-07-16 The B. F. Goodrich Company Seatbelt system having seamless inflatable member
EP1028873A4 (fr) * 1997-09-22 2002-09-11 Am Safe Inc Systeme de securite pour vehicule automobile
WO2007058114A1 (fr) 2005-11-16 2007-05-24 Takata Corporation Dispositif ceinture de sécurité gonflable
JP2013244857A (ja) * 2012-05-25 2013-12-09 Takata Corp 乗員保護装置
GB2519449A (en) * 2014-12-04 2015-04-22 Daimler Ag Pre-tensioning device for a seat belt of a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle
US10604259B2 (en) 2016-01-20 2020-03-31 Amsafe, Inc. Occupant restraint systems having extending restraints, and associated systems and methods
US11292425B2 (en) * 2019-11-19 2022-04-05 Schroth Safety Products Llc Safety device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3888503A (en) * 1973-02-22 1975-06-10 Allied Chem Limiting of continuous extent of inflatable restraint
US3970329A (en) * 1973-01-10 1976-07-20 Allied Chemical Corporation Inflatable band restraint stitching
JPH02237837A (ja) * 1989-08-29 1990-09-20 Takata Kk エアバッグ
US5062662A (en) * 1990-05-16 1991-11-05 Cameron Robert W Vehicle seatbelt having an integral airbag
GB2262720A (en) * 1991-12-24 1993-06-30 Ah Yew Soh Combined air bag and seat belt safety device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3970329A (en) * 1973-01-10 1976-07-20 Allied Chemical Corporation Inflatable band restraint stitching
US3888503A (en) * 1973-02-22 1975-06-10 Allied Chem Limiting of continuous extent of inflatable restraint
JPH02237837A (ja) * 1989-08-29 1990-09-20 Takata Kk エアバッグ
US5062662A (en) * 1990-05-16 1991-11-05 Cameron Robert W Vehicle seatbelt having an integral airbag
GB2262720A (en) * 1991-12-24 1993-06-30 Ah Yew Soh Combined air bag and seat belt safety device

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998055344A1 (fr) * 1997-06-02 1998-12-10 Petri Ag Systeme d'airbag
US6460881B1 (en) 1997-06-02 2002-10-08 Takata-Petri Ag Airbag system
EP1028873A4 (fr) * 1997-09-22 2002-09-11 Am Safe Inc Systeme de securite pour vehicule automobile
WO1999030936A1 (fr) * 1997-12-16 1999-06-24 General Motors Corporation Tendeur gonflable pour ceinture de securite
US6007092A (en) * 1998-02-04 1999-12-28 Johann Berger Inflatable belt webbing
DE19804378C2 (de) * 1998-02-04 2000-01-05 Johann Berger Aufblasbares Gurtband
US6419263B1 (en) * 1998-05-11 2002-07-16 The B. F. Goodrich Company Seatbelt system having seamless inflatable member
DE19821996A1 (de) * 1998-05-15 1999-11-18 Johann Berger Aufblasbares Gurtband
EP0964087A3 (fr) * 1998-06-09 2001-10-17 Takata Corporation Sac pour ceinture de sécurité gonflable
DE19852314A1 (de) * 1998-11-12 2000-05-18 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Aufblasbarer Sicherheitsgurt für Kraftfahrzeuge
US6406059B1 (en) 1998-11-12 2002-06-18 Autoliv Development Ab Inflatable safety belt for motor vehicles
DE19857517C2 (de) * 1998-12-14 2001-07-19 Johann Berger Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Gurtbandes und danach hergestelltes Gurtband
WO2000036197A1 (fr) 1998-12-14 2000-06-22 Johann Berger Sangle et son procede de fabrication
EP1074439A2 (fr) 1999-08-04 2001-02-07 Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. Dispositif de retenue pour véhicule automobile
WO2002032727A1 (fr) * 2000-10-19 2002-04-25 Autoliv Development Ab Dispositif de securite pour siege de vehicule
WO2002032726A1 (fr) * 2000-10-19 2002-04-25 Autoliv Development Ab Dispositif de securite pour siege de vehicule
WO2007058114A1 (fr) 2005-11-16 2007-05-24 Takata Corporation Dispositif ceinture de sécurité gonflable
EP1950103A4 (fr) * 2005-11-16 2009-10-21 Takata Corp Dispositif ceinture de sécurité gonflable
US7871105B2 (en) 2005-11-16 2011-01-18 Takata Corporation Air belt device
JP2013244857A (ja) * 2012-05-25 2013-12-09 Takata Corp 乗員保護装置
GB2519449A (en) * 2014-12-04 2015-04-22 Daimler Ag Pre-tensioning device for a seat belt of a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle
US10604259B2 (en) 2016-01-20 2020-03-31 Amsafe, Inc. Occupant restraint systems having extending restraints, and associated systems and methods
US11292425B2 (en) * 2019-11-19 2022-04-05 Schroth Safety Products Llc Safety device

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