WO1997010033A1 - Patin a roues en ligne - Google Patents
Patin a roues en ligne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997010033A1 WO1997010033A1 PCT/FR1996/001205 FR9601205W WO9710033A1 WO 1997010033 A1 WO1997010033 A1 WO 1997010033A1 FR 9601205 W FR9601205 W FR 9601205W WO 9710033 A1 WO9710033 A1 WO 9710033A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- shoe
- sole
- blade
- wheels
- skate
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003190 viscoelastic substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002746 orthostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C17/00—Roller skates; Skate-boards
- A63C17/04—Roller skates; Skate-boards with wheels arranged otherwise than in two pairs
- A63C17/06—Roller skates; Skate-boards with wheels arranged otherwise than in two pairs single-track type
- A63C17/061—Roller skates; Skate-boards with wheels arranged otherwise than in two pairs single-track type with relative movement of sub-parts on the chassis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C17/00—Roller skates; Skate-boards
- A63C17/0046—Roller skates; Skate-boards with shock absorption or suspension system
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of roller skates and relates more particularly to inline skates.
- Inline skates or “inline skates”, have wheels generally located all in the same longitudinal plane of the skate, and each rotate around a proper axis substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal plane of the skate, the axes being parallel between them.
- the wheels are mounted on the pad in an adjustable manner or not.
- a contact line defined by the curve enveloping the points of contact of the lower end of each wheel with the ground, has a straight or convex shape depending on the location or the chosen settings.
- the driving of the skate by the user is done in an all or nothing mode.
- the skate is driven either in a driving direction or in a braking direction.
- the driving of the shoe does not take place.
- the mobility of one or more wheels relative to the shoe makes it possible to absorb shocks or to distribute the contact forces on the different wheels when the user gives driving impulses.
- these pads are not capable of ensuring good contact of all the wheels on the ground when the user gives driving impulses, in particular at the start and at the end of each impulse. It follows that the driving precision is good neither at the beginning nor at the end of the pulse phases, which generates risks of falling.
- these pads are also not able to restore energy from driving forces or possible shocks, whether during a driving pulse or during a pressing pulse, especially for calling jumps. Consequently, the performances are insufficient in particular in terms of speed, acceleration, and jump height.
- An object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a shoe whose stability on the ground is continuous and substantially constant for the duration of a pulse phase.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a skate capable of accumulating and returning energy stored during the use of the skate.
- Another object of the invention is to make a flexible pad in the pipe, comfortable, and capable of filtering vibrations resulting from an imperfect surface condition of the ground.
- a wheeled skate comprises a connection chassis between at least two wheels and a shoe sole, the chassis comprising at least one means for keeping the wheels at constant distance from each other, and at least one plate secured to the sole.
- the roller skate according to the invention is characterized in that the means for holding the wheels and the plate are movable relative to each other.
- This arrangement allows all the wheels to remain in contact with the ground, in cases where the sole makes small movements around an equilibrium position.
- the force exerted on the wheels is generally not constant over time.
- the relative mobility of all of the wheels and of the plate advantageously makes it possible to maintain a good line of contact with the ground, and guarantees good stability of the user's foot.
- the means for keeping the wheels at a constant distance from each other is a beam that can move in a longitudinal plane substantially perpendicular to the sole.
- any relative movement of the beam relative to the sole is preferably done by cooperation with at least one elastic means.
- This structure allows the skate to accumulate energy which it can restore, for example at the end of a driving or jumping pulse.
- the advantage is that the performance of the user is significantly improved without having to make additional efforts.
- at least one damping means is inserted between the beam and the sole. The behavior of the skate is advantageously further improved in particular in terms of flexibility of use.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a skate according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a section along ll-ll of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 is a section along III-III of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 4 is a section on IV-IV of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 5 is a longitudinal section along V-V of FIG. 4 explaining the operation of the invention
- FIG. 6 is an overall side view of a skate according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 7 is a section on VII-VII of FIG. 6,
- FIG. 8 is a section along VIII-VIII of FIG. 6,
- FIG. 9 is a side view of a skate according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 10 is a section along X-X of Figure 9.
- FIG. 1 A preferred embodiment of a roller skate 1 according to the invention appears in Figure 1 in a side view, which here corresponds to a right foot of a user.
- the shoe 1 is held at the foot, not shown, of the user by means of a shoe 2 connected to wheels 10, 11, 12, 13, as will be described.
- the shoe 2 comprises a rod 3 secured to a sole 4.
- a plate 5 extends the lower face 6 of the sole 4 downward to form a longitudinal edge in relief on this lower face 6.
- the sole 4 and plate 5 form a single piece produced for example by molding a plastic material.
- the plate 5 is hollowed out by a longitudinal groove 7 which makes it possible to accommodate at least one means for holding the wheels and at least one elastic means.
- the wheel retaining means produced here in the form of a beam 8 of U-shaped cross section on which the wheels 10, 11, 12, 13 are fixed, makes it possible to maintain the rear wheel 10, the wheels central units 11, 12 and the front wheel 13, at a constant distance from each other.
- the wheels 10, 1 1, 12, 13 are fixed so as to be located all in the same longitudinal plane P of the shoe 1, which is substantially vertical when the user is in the orthostatic position, and which will be shown in other figures .
- the elastic means produced here in the form of a flexible blade 9, cooperates with the beam 8, as will be seen, to manage the position of the beam 8 relative to the plate 5.
- FIG 2 shows the attachment of the rear wheel 10.
- the flexible blade 9 and the beam 8 are connected together at the rear wheel 10 via a yoke 14 for mounting the wheel 10.
- the yoke 14 U-shaped is fixed on a lower face 15 and at the rear end 16 of the flexible blade 9.
- the wheel 10 is mounted free to rotate around a shaft 17 of axis 18 fixed on the yoke 14, so known to a person skilled in the art, and can therefore turn in the yoke 14.
- the shaft 17 passes at the same time through a set of orifices, made in the sides 19, 20 of the yoke 14 and in the arms 21, 22 of the beam 8, so as to ensure the connection between the yoke 14 and the beam 8.
- Two layers 23, 24 of viscoelastic material are inserted between the yoke 14 and the beam 8.
- This arrangement has the advantage of eliminating all the parasitic vibrations which can disturb the operation of the pad 1.
- the rigidity of the yoke 14 prevents any separation of the shaft 17, the arms 21, 22 and the sides 19, 20, which are immobilized with respect to each other in a plane P1 parallel to the cutting plane ll-ll of the figure 1 .
- the shaft 17 passes through the arms 21, 22 of the beam 8 through circular orifices, it passes through the sides 19, 20 of the yoke 14 through oblong orifices opposite, or lights 26 , 27 of the yoke 14.
- the shaft 17 is therefore able to slide from one end to the other of the openings 26, 27 in the cutting plane lll-lll against viscoelastic means 23, 24, it is that is to say in a direction substantially parallel to the sole 4.
- the flexible blade 9 and the beam 8 are connected together in a manner almost identical to the connection on the side of the rear wheel 10 by means of a U-shaped clevis 28 fixed in common on the underside 15 and at the front end 29 of the flexible blade 9.
- the wheel 13 is mounted to rotate freely around a shaft 30 of axis 31 which passes through a set of all circular orifices of the front yoke 28 and of the arms 21, 22 of the beam 8. In this case, no movement relative is therefore not possible between the yoke 28 and the beam 8 whether in a direction of the plane P1 parallel to the cutting plane ll-ll or in a direction of the plane P2 parallel to the cutting plane lll-lll.
- the central wheels 1 1, 12 are in turn connected to the beam 8 in a conventional manner which appears for example in section in Figure 4. This is here the wheel 1 1 whose rotation shaft is inserted in two circular orifices respectively of the arms 21 and 22 of the beam 8.
- Figure 4 allows to see the longitudinal groove 7 of the plate 5, which is preferably substantially median relative to the shoe 1, and whose middle is the longitudinal plane P.
- the arms 21 and 22 of the beam 8 are in contact respectively with a wall 32 and a wall 33 of the groove 7; this structure allows the groove 7 to serve as a guide for the beam 8 which can move in the groove 7, preferably in a direction parallel to the longitudinal plane P and in a direction of approach or distancing of the rod 3.
- the flexible blade 9 is itself secured to the bottom of groove 7, on a wall 34, by at least one retaining means shown here in the form of screws 35, 36.
- the flexible blade 9 is therefore located in a substantially central position of the shoe 1.
- FIG. 5 is a section along the plane P making it possible to explain the operation of the pad 1.
- FIG. 5 shows how the elastic means shown in the form of the flexible blade 9 is deformable in the longitudinal plane P of movement of the beam 8, each end 16, 29 of the blade 9 being connected to one end of the beam 8 while that an intermediate zone of the blade 9 is connected to the sole 4 or to the plate 5.
- the flexible blade 9 preferably has a curved shape whose ends 16, 29 are more distant from the lower face 6 of the sole 4 than is the intermediate zone.
- the ends 16, 29 can deform according to an angle value ⁇ on the rear side and according to an angle value ⁇ on the front side, under the effect of shocks or pulses transmitted to skate 1.
- the deformations according to the values of angles ⁇ , ⁇ are possible because at least one of the ends 16, 29 of the blade 9 is movable relative to the beam 8, as has been explained.
- the deformations result in variations in distance between the envelope curve C, which passes through each point of the wheels 10, 11, 12, 13 capable of coming into contact with the ground, and the sole 4 of the shoe 1.
- FIG. 5 corresponds to a case where the envelope curve C is straight, and where the wheels 10, 11, 12, 13 contact a linear S soil.
- the distance h1 corresponds to a high position of the shoe 1 relative to the ground S, while the distance h2 corresponds to a low position.
- the high position is a natural position in which the blade 9 is not constrained.
- the low position translates an accumulation of energy by deformation of the blade 9, energy which can be restored to ensure better contact of the wheels 10, 11, 12, 13 with the ground S, or to help the user to perform jumps.
- the pad 1 according to the invention therefore allows better driving and facilitates use.
- each layer of viscoelastic material 23, 24 is located at one end of the beam 8 where the blade 9 and the beam 8 are movable relative to each other, as has been explained.
- the realization of the pad 1 can be made using all the materials and techniques known to those skilled in the art.
- the flexible blade 9 can be made of composite materials or metal, as well as the yokes 14, 28 and the beam 8.
- the assembly between the yokes 14, 28 and the blade 9 can be done by gluing, welding or any means.
- the viscoelastic material can be rubber, polyurethane or the like.
- This embodiment makes it possible to contain all the elements necessary for rolling inside a space whose width does not exceed that of the longitudinal groove 7.
- the structure is therefore sufficiently fine to allow the pad 1 to '' tilt steeply in a turn.
- a shoe 1 is visible in Figure 6; it has a shoe 2 composed of a rod 3 secured to a sole 4.
- a plate 5 extends the lower face 6 of the sole 4, in a direction away from the rod 3, and in a longitudinal direction of the shoe 1.
- Rear wheels 10, central 11, 12, and front 13 are held together by a beam 8, itself guided relative to the plate 5 by means of a longitudinal groove 7 and a flexible blade 9 shown in section at Figure 7.
- the groove 7 is substantially centered on a longitudinal plane P of the shoe 1.
- the beam 8 comprises two arms 21 and 22 which are in contact with walls 32 and 33 of the groove 7.
- the beam 8 is able to move in the groove 7 in a direction of distance or approximation of the bottom 34 of the groove 7.
- the displacements are proportional to the deformations of the flexible blade 9 which is itself mounted in another groove 59, lateral and substantially parallel to the groove 7, and held in this lateral groove 59 by a pin 40.
- the flexible blade 9 is therefore located in a substantially lateral position of the shoe 1.
- the beam 8 and the blade 9 are connected together at their respective ends.
- FIG. 7 shows that the connection on the front side of the shoe 1 is made by a shaft 41 of axis 42 common to the wheel 13, to the beam 8 and to the blade 9.
- the shaft 41 passes through all circular orifices of blade 9, arms 21 and 22, and wheel 13.
- the blade 9 and the beam 8 are articulated relative to each other on the front side of the pad 1 without the possibility of translation.
- the connection is different from the rear side of the shoe 1.
- a shaft 17 of axis 18 passes at the same time through orifices of the blade 9, of a layer of viscoelastic material 23, of the wheel 10 , and of the arms 21, 22 of the beam 8, all of these orifices are circular with the exception of the oblong or light hole 43 of the blade 9.
- retaining means hold the blade 9 on the shafts of the front 13 and rear wheels 10.
- These means are for example an elastic ring 44 associated with a groove in the shaft 41 at the front of the pad 1, and an elastic ring 45 associated with a groove in the shaft 17 at the rear of the shoe 1; the elastic ring 45, as well as the layer of viscoelastic material 23 interposed between the beam 8 and the blade 9, are visible in FIG. 8.
- the shoe 1 according to this second embodiment makes it possible to reduce the distance which separates the sole 4 from the ground S, since the beam 8 and the blade 9 are located side by side.
- the center of gravity of pad 1 is therefore very low.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 A third embodiment is proposed in FIGS. 9 and 10.
- the beam 8 is movable relative to the plate 5 thanks to a deformable parallelogram system: arms 46, 47, 48, 49 articulated along axes 50, 51, 52, 53 allow relative movement of the beam 8, and therefore of the wheels 10, 11, 12, 13, relative to the shoe 2 of the shoe 1, in a direction of separation or approximation of the sole 4.
- a retaining means such as that described below; one end of a tube 54 is articulated according to a pin 55 of axis 56 in the groove 7 of the plate 5, as shown in FIG. 10.
- the other end of the tube 54 comprises a stop means, such as that a shoulder 57, intended to limit the deformation of the parallelogram produced by the plate 5, the beam 8 and the arms 46, 47 and 48, 49. Therefore the distance of the wheels 10, 11, 12, 13 relative to sole 4 is limited.
- the plate 5 and the beam 8 are separated at most from each other as a result of the permanent action of an elastic means, represented in the form of a spring 58, which acts permanently in the direction of separation of the plate 5 and the beam 8.
- the operation of the shoe 1 according to this embodiment is similar to the other modes, the advantage being that it uses more usual construction techniques.
Landscapes
- Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
- Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU67047/96A AU716527B2 (en) | 1995-09-12 | 1996-07-31 | In-line roller skate |
EP96927112A EP0850094A1 (fr) | 1995-09-12 | 1996-07-31 | Patin a roues en ligne |
CA002231345A CA2231345A1 (fr) | 1995-09-12 | 1996-07-31 | Patin a roues en ligne |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9510885A FR2738497B1 (fr) | 1995-09-12 | 1995-09-12 | Patin a roues en ligne |
FR95/10885 | 1995-09-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997010033A1 true WO1997010033A1 (fr) | 1997-03-20 |
Family
ID=9482630
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1996/001205 WO1997010033A1 (fr) | 1995-09-12 | 1996-07-31 | Patin a roues en ligne |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0850094A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU716527B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2231345A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2738497B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1997010033A1 (fr) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998046318A1 (fr) * | 1997-04-15 | 1998-10-22 | Reinhard Hansen | Roller en ligne |
FR2762521A1 (fr) * | 1997-04-25 | 1998-10-30 | Gerard Claude Millot | Patin a roulettes en ligne |
FR2767712A1 (fr) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-03-05 | Salomon Sa | Patin a roues |
DE19803733A1 (de) * | 1998-01-30 | 1999-08-12 | Hudora Gmbh | Sportgerät, insbesondere Inline-Skate oder Ice-Skate |
DE19821208A1 (de) * | 1998-04-14 | 1999-11-25 | Chuck Chang | Rollschuh |
DE10149354C1 (de) * | 2001-10-06 | 2003-06-18 | Klaus Fischer | Rollschuh bzw. Schlittschuh |
EP2027894A1 (fr) * | 2007-08-20 | 2009-02-25 | Chiu-Chu Tseng | Chaussure multifonction |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5068054A (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1991-11-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Ferroelectric liquid crystals |
DE102005032201A1 (de) * | 2005-07-09 | 2007-01-18 | Artur Dibal | Freischwingende Inline-Skate |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL46603C (fr) * | ||||
DE24309C (de) * | W. KÖHRER und G. nallinger in Stuttgart, Olgastr. 97 c, bezw. Lerchenstr. 20 | Strafsenrollschuh | ||
US1494210A (en) * | 1923-07-06 | 1924-05-13 | Bosshard Theodore | Roller skate |
US2174990A (en) * | 1937-11-03 | 1939-10-03 | Ray H Crisler | Roller skate |
US4272090A (en) * | 1979-03-09 | 1981-06-09 | Wheat Ira N | Roller skate |
FR2566672A1 (fr) * | 1984-06-29 | 1986-01-03 | Baladi Jean Michel | Appareil de patinage sur roulements |
US5135244A (en) * | 1991-04-22 | 1992-08-04 | Wdrm Patent Co. | Suspension and braking system for a tandem wheeled skate |
US5342071A (en) * | 1993-05-06 | 1994-08-30 | Mike Soo | In-line roller skate brake assembly |
WO1996001671A1 (fr) * | 1994-07-08 | 1996-01-25 | Stylus S.P.A. | Patin a glace ou a roulettes |
US5503413A (en) * | 1994-10-31 | 1996-04-02 | Pavel Belogour | In-line roller skates with suspension |
-
1995
- 1995-09-12 FR FR9510885A patent/FR2738497B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-07-31 WO PCT/FR1996/001205 patent/WO1997010033A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-07-31 CA CA002231345A patent/CA2231345A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1996-07-31 EP EP96927112A patent/EP0850094A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-07-31 AU AU67047/96A patent/AU716527B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL46603C (fr) * | ||||
DE24309C (de) * | W. KÖHRER und G. nallinger in Stuttgart, Olgastr. 97 c, bezw. Lerchenstr. 20 | Strafsenrollschuh | ||
US1494210A (en) * | 1923-07-06 | 1924-05-13 | Bosshard Theodore | Roller skate |
US2174990A (en) * | 1937-11-03 | 1939-10-03 | Ray H Crisler | Roller skate |
US4272090A (en) * | 1979-03-09 | 1981-06-09 | Wheat Ira N | Roller skate |
FR2566672A1 (fr) * | 1984-06-29 | 1986-01-03 | Baladi Jean Michel | Appareil de patinage sur roulements |
US5135244A (en) * | 1991-04-22 | 1992-08-04 | Wdrm Patent Co. | Suspension and braking system for a tandem wheeled skate |
US5342071A (en) * | 1993-05-06 | 1994-08-30 | Mike Soo | In-line roller skate brake assembly |
WO1996001671A1 (fr) * | 1994-07-08 | 1996-01-25 | Stylus S.P.A. | Patin a glace ou a roulettes |
US5503413A (en) * | 1994-10-31 | 1996-04-02 | Pavel Belogour | In-line roller skates with suspension |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998046318A1 (fr) * | 1997-04-15 | 1998-10-22 | Reinhard Hansen | Roller en ligne |
DE19715706A1 (de) * | 1997-04-15 | 1998-10-22 | Reinhard Hansen | Einspuriger Rollschuh |
US6196557B1 (en) | 1997-04-25 | 2001-03-06 | Rolsoft | In-line roller skate |
WO1998048909A1 (fr) * | 1997-04-25 | 1998-11-05 | Rolsoft | Patin a roulettes en ligne |
FR2762521A1 (fr) * | 1997-04-25 | 1998-10-30 | Gerard Claude Millot | Patin a roulettes en ligne |
FR2767712A1 (fr) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-03-05 | Salomon Sa | Patin a roues |
WO1999011339A1 (fr) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-03-11 | Salomon S.A. | Patin a roues |
DE19803733A1 (de) * | 1998-01-30 | 1999-08-12 | Hudora Gmbh | Sportgerät, insbesondere Inline-Skate oder Ice-Skate |
DE19803733C2 (de) * | 1998-01-30 | 2000-10-26 | Hudora Gmbh | Sportgerät, insbesondere Inline-Skate oder Ice-Skate |
DE19821208A1 (de) * | 1998-04-14 | 1999-11-25 | Chuck Chang | Rollschuh |
DE19821208C2 (de) * | 1998-04-14 | 2001-08-30 | Chuck Chang | Rollschuh |
DE10149354C1 (de) * | 2001-10-06 | 2003-06-18 | Klaus Fischer | Rollschuh bzw. Schlittschuh |
EP2027894A1 (fr) * | 2007-08-20 | 2009-02-25 | Chiu-Chu Tseng | Chaussure multifonction |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2738497A1 (fr) | 1997-03-14 |
CA2231345A1 (fr) | 1997-03-20 |
AU716527B2 (en) | 2000-02-24 |
FR2738497B1 (fr) | 1997-10-17 |
EP0850094A1 (fr) | 1998-07-01 |
AU6704796A (en) | 1997-04-01 |
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