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WO1997031153A1 - Realisation de produits a base de fibres cellulosiques adoucies - Google Patents

Realisation de produits a base de fibres cellulosiques adoucies Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997031153A1
WO1997031153A1 PCT/US1997/002423 US9702423W WO9731153A1 WO 1997031153 A1 WO1997031153 A1 WO 1997031153A1 US 9702423 W US9702423 W US 9702423W WO 9731153 A1 WO9731153 A1 WO 9731153A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition
softened
group
carbons
prepared
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1997/002423
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert D. Evans
Suzanne Morrison
Clayton Campbell
Original Assignee
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Quaker Chemical Corporation filed Critical Quaker Chemical Corporation
Priority to AU22744/97A priority Critical patent/AU2274497A/en
Priority to EP97906919A priority patent/EP0882157A1/fr
Publication of WO1997031153A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997031153A1/fr

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/22—Agents rendering paper porous, absorbent or bulky
    • D21H21/24—Surfactants
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/144—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/165—Ethers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
    • D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
    • D06M13/292—Mono-, di- or triesters of phosphoric or phosphorous acids; Salts thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/325—Amines
    • D06M13/342—Amino-carboxylic acids; Betaines; Aminosulfonic acids; Sulfo-betaines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/44—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen containing nitrogen and phosphorus
    • D06M13/453—Phosphates or phosphites containing nitrogen atoms
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/53—Polyethers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M7/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/10—Phosphorus-containing compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/40—Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the manufacture of softened cellulose fiber-based products. More specifically, it relates to soft, absorbent cellulose fiber-based products based on nonwoven webs, air laid nonwoven fabrics wet laid nonwove ⁇ fabrics, wet laid paper webs, and dry laid paper used to manufacture products such as toweling, sanitary (bath) tissue, facial tissue products, diaper cores, feminine care products, and cover stock for health care products.
  • Softened cellulose fiber-based products manufactured today and commonly used in such items as paper towels, facial tissue, sanitary tissues, toilet tissues, nonwoven fabrics and fluff pulp, three physical attributes are particularly important for their effective use. These attributes are strength, softness, and absorbe ⁇ cy. Softness is the tactile sensation perceived by the consumer that is influenced by a combination of several physical properties. These include the stiffness, tensile strength of the paper, sheet bulk, and the surface feel or surface friction properties of the paper. Fluff pulp properties are measured by mulle ⁇ energy and kamus energy.
  • Absorbe ⁇ cy is the measure of the ability of a product and of the fiber base from which the product may be made, to absorb quantities of liquid, particularly aqueous liquids. Overall, absorbe ⁇ cy as perceived by the consumer is generally considered to be a combination of the total quantity of liquid a given mass of cellulose-based mate ⁇ al will absorb at saturation, and the rate at which the mass absorbs the liquid. With certain products such as paper towels, facial tissue, sanitary napkins and diapers, the absorbency of the product with aqueous liquid is most important.
  • the '594 patent also teaches, optionally crepi ⁇ g the web (after debonding the web) by adherei ⁇ g one surface of the web to a creping surface in a fine pattern arrangement with a bonding mate ⁇ al such as a water soluble adhesive.
  • the bonding material is adhered to one surface of the web and to the creping surface in the fine pattern arrangement and then the web is creped from the crepi ⁇ g surface to form a sheet material.
  • Drach et al. (US Patent #4,720,383, issued 1/19/88) teaches the use a f novel quaternary imidazoli ⁇ ium compounds in combination with. non-ionic polyoxyethyiene and polyoxypropylene surfactants, to obtain paper products having good softness and with very little strength reduction.
  • Armak Company (of Chicago, IL, in their bulletin 76-17 (1977)) teaches that the use of dimethyidi (hydrogenated tallow) ammonium chloride in combination with fatty acid esters of polyoxyethyiene glycols to impart both softness and absorbency to tissue paper webs.
  • paper products such as facial and sanitary tissues, and especially paper toweling
  • paper towels are often used for wrapping and storing food
  • non-cationic materials described include anionic surfactants such as alkali metal soaps of higher fatty acids. as well as alkali metal sulfates and sulfonates, non-ionic surfactants, which are described extensively in US Patent #4,940,513, columns 7-10, ampholytic surfactants, as well as zwitterionic surfactants of the type described in detail in US Patent #4,959,125, columns 11-12, as well as in US Patent #3,929,678, columns 18-22.
  • anionic surfactants such as alkali metal soaps of higher fatty acids. as well as alkali metal sulfates and sulfonates
  • non-ionic surfactants which are described extensively in US Patent #4,940,513, columns 7-10
  • ampholytic surfactants as well as zwitterionic surfactants of the type described in detail in US Patent #4,959,125, columns 11-12, as well as in US Patent #3,929,678, columns 18-22.
  • Kinsley in WO 93/16229, WO 95/04856. and WO 95/04857 describes a method for increasing the strength of paper by first preparing a slurry of a cellulosic pulp, a particulate binder substantially insoluble in water, and an emulsion comprised of lecithin and a fatty acid or derivative thereof.
  • the applications describe the formation of strengthened paper products using a polyvinyl alcohol binder.
  • the invention is not directed to softness or softened cellulose based products.
  • Patent 4,766,015 describe a lubricant additive mixture for use in combination with an aqueous-based paper or paperboard coating material where phospholipids such as lecithins are added to a coating material before the coating is applied to paper or paperboard.
  • the paper is coated to improve properties such as appearance and printabiiity.
  • the web and the process described do not relate to a softened cellulose fiber-based material.
  • the present invention includes a process and a composition for softening cellulose fibers for the manufacture of softened cellulose fiber-based products such as paper towels, facial tissue, sanitary tissues, toilet tissues, non-woven fabrics and fluff pulp and the products thereof.
  • This process includes treating the cellulose fibers with a composition including a phospholipid, a non-ionic surfactant and, optionally, a lubricating additive.
  • the composition includes a phospholipid, a non-ionic surfactant, and, optionally, a lubricating additive. At least some of the composition is retained on the cellulose fibers after any subsequent processing operations such as drying or creping.
  • the present invention also includes softened cellulose fiber-based products which include a composition comprising a phospholipid, a non-ionic surfactant, and optionally, a lubricating additive.
  • the phospholipids include phosphatidylcholine (lecithin), hydroxylated phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxylated phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, hydroxylated phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol and hydroxylated phosphatidylinositol.
  • lecithins meant to encompass both lecithin and hydroxylated lecithin.
  • the non-ionic surfactants include polyethylene glycol dioleate, polyethylene glycol dilaurate, polypropylene glycol dioleate, polyproplye ⁇ e glycol dilaurate, polyethylene glycol mo ⁇ ooleate, polyethylene glycol monolaurate polypropylene glycol monooleate and polypropylene glycol monolaurate.
  • the lubricants include castor oil, olive oil, hexadecanol, methyl tallowate glycerol, glycerol mo ⁇ stearate lanolin, deca ⁇ ol and octadeca ⁇ ol
  • the present invention encompasses a process for softening cellulose fibers for the manufacture of softened cellulose fiber-based products such as paper towels, facial tissue, sanitary tissues, toilet tissues, non-woven fabrics and fluff pulp, and the products made by the process.
  • the process also allows for maintaining a high level of wet strength in finished pape r containing suitable wet strength additives, as measured by the wet tensile strength of the dry web
  • the invention includes the addition of a chemical softening composition comprising phospholipids, a non-ionic surfactant and, optionally, a lubricating additive, at levels suitable to give the desired properties to the softened cellulose fiber-based product
  • Stages of the production process suitable for addition of said chemical softening composition to the cellulose fioers include those where the cellulose fibers are in an aqueous dispersion, such as the head box of the paper machine, the machine chest or stuff box sites of addition subsequent to the formation of a wet-laid web but prior to drying, and also those sites of addition during or subsequent to final drying of the web
  • the chemical softening compound may be applied to a non-woven web prior to bonding after bonding, for example and during debonding in a pin or hammer mill
  • the chemical softening ccmccL ⁇ may also be applied during debonding in a disk refiner
  • the chemical softening compound is added to the cellulose fibers in an amount of up to about 40 pounds phospholipid per ton of dry pulp
  • the non-ionic surfactant is also added to the cellulose fibers in an amount of up to about 40 pounds surfactant per ton of dry pulp
  • compositions of this invention have high retention when added to aqueous dispersions of cellulose fiber prior to further processing.
  • the softening compositions In order to add the softening composition at such stages of cellulose fiber production, the softening compositions must have high enough degree of attraction for the fibers to provide adequate retention of the softener on the subsequently formed softened cellulose fiber-based product.
  • phospholipids show a relatively high degree of attraction for the cellulose fibers when added to either aqueous dispersions of the cellulose fibers, or to a wet-laid cellulose web It has also been found, and serves as a principle basis for the utility of this invention, that the combination of phospholipids, with certain non-ionic surfactants as well as hydrophobic lubrication additives, show a high level of retention on cellulose fibers when added to either an aqueous dispersion of the fibers or to a
  • the softening composition can also be effectively applied to the cellulose fibers during the actual drying process or subsequent to the drying process, for example when final dry paper sheet has been formed
  • the addition of the composition during the drying process can be made by spraying the softening composition onto the Yankee cylinder which serves to dry trie wet-laid web
  • Such additions effectively can be made alone or in combination with additions of the commonly used chemicals applied to Yankee driers, such as release additives and adhesives.
  • Tne first property is the retention of the softener composition to the cellulose fibers when added to either an aqueous dispersion of cellulose fibers, a wet-laid web, or a d ⁇ ed paper web.
  • a degree of attraction of the softener to the cellulose fibers is required.
  • This attraction can be one of an ionic nature or one governed by the surface energy and colloidal properties of the softener
  • cationic softening agents which are described numerously in the prior art, have an ionic attraction to cellulose, and are capable of being highly retained on the fibers when added to either aqueous dispersions of cellulose fibers or to a wet-laid web
  • Non-cationic softening agents have also been described as having the ability to be retained on cellulose fibers when applied directly to a wet-laid web subsequent to its formation and prior to drying
  • the c ⁇ emicai softening composition described in the current invention has been found to have a high degree of retention on cellulose fibers when added to aqueous dispersions of cellulose wet-laid webs prior to drying, as well as to the wet-laid webs during or subsequent to drying This is a very beneficial property and an unexpected discovery.
  • Phospholipids which are structurally very well suited for imparting softness properties to softened cellulose fiber-based products, have been found according to the current invention, to have a high attraction for cellulose fibers and can be used as the primary component of a chemical softening composition.
  • a very desirable aspect of the current invention is the high retention obtained when using combinations of phospholipids with certain non-ionic surfactants, and optionally with certain lubricating additives
  • the combination of these materials in a chemical softening composition allows for the effective use of such chemical softening compositions whereby much of the desired softening and absorbency properties imparted to the final paper product are obtained from the non-ionic surfactants and lubricating additives, and the high degree retention of such materials is achieved by their addition in combination with phospholipids.
  • Such behavior enables the addition of the chemical softening composition to the cellulose fibers at desirable sites of addition, such as those where the cellulose fibers are in an aqueous dispersion. Such sites of addition are not suitable when applying such non-ionic surfactants and lubricating additives alone
  • the effective retention of the non-ionic surfactant and lubricating additive components of the softening composition described in this invention is due to the formation of mixed component micelles
  • the micelles which exist in the aqueous system are comprised of mixtures of the ionic phospholipids with no ⁇ -io ⁇ ic surfactants and lubricating additives, and whereby the ionic nature of the phospholipid gives high attraction to the cellulose fibers
  • the aggregation of the non-ionic surfactants, and lubricating additives with the phospholipid leads to a high "carry on" or retention of the non-ionic components to the cellulose fibers.
  • the method of the current invention provides a chemical softening composition that has been found to effectively increase the flexibility and softness of the sheet while producing reduced detrimental effects on the sheet's wet tensile strength relative to the chemical softening compositions currently known in the art.
  • Such properties can be achieved using the chemical softening composition described in this invention, when applied to cellulose which also contains various common wet and dry strength additives.
  • additives which are typically polymeric materials, are commonly added to cellulose fibers to impart a degree of wet or dry strength to the final paper product.
  • Such polymers include carboxymethyl cellulose polymers of various molecular weights, as well as commonly used cross-linked polyamide resins.
  • Such paper is typically made by depositing papermaking furnish on a foraminous forming wire.
  • An example of one such wire commonly used in the art is a Fourdrinier wire.
  • the web is dewatered by pressing the web and drying it at elevated temperature.
  • the specific techniques and equipment for making webs according to the process just described are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
  • a low consistency pulp furnish is provided in a pressurized head box.
  • the head box has an opening for delivering a thin deposit of pulp furnish onto the Fourdrinier wire to form a wet web.
  • the web is then typically dewatered to a fiber consistency of between about 7% and 25% water by weight by means of vacuum dewateri ⁇ g and further drying by pressing operations wherein the web is subjected to pressure developed by opposing cylindrical rolls.
  • the dewatered web is then further pressed and dried by a steam apparatus known in the art as a Yankee dryer Pressure can be developed at the Yankee dryer by a mechanical means. Multiple Yankee dryer drums may be used.
  • the tissue or toweling paper structures which are formed are referred to as conventional pressed structures Such sheets are considered to be compacted since the web is subjected to substantial mechanical compressional forces while the fibers are moist and then dried while in a compressed state
  • Dewateri ⁇ g is commonly achieved for nonwoven materials and fluff pulp on a can drier or by air drying. In such cases dewatering is achieved to 7% to 40% water by weight.
  • the softened cellulose fiber-based products for which the present invention is useful includes but is not limited to fibers derived from wood, cotton, bagasse, hemp, straw and ke ⁇ af.
  • Wood pulps for which the current invention is useful include but are not limited to kraft, mechanical and sulfite pulps.
  • the source of the wood pulp can be from deciduous trees, often referred to as hardwoods, or from coniferous trees, which are typically referred to as softwoods, or from any combination of the two types
  • the present invention is useful for application to virgin pulp, recycled pulp, and mixtures thereof
  • the phospholipids useful for the current invention include but are not limited to those derived from soya or other naturally occurring oils
  • the present invention includes in the softener composition from about 10 to about 85 percent by weight of a phospholipid or a mixture of phospholipids
  • the hydroxylated phospholipids are those which have been modified by hydroxylatio ⁇ .
  • Such materials are typically water dispersable fluids with an HL3 value of between 6-18
  • the HLB value refers to the hydrophobic to lipophilic balance of a mate ⁇ al and is generally a good indicator of the water dispersability of a given material
  • a specific phospholipid most preferred for use in the present invention is Ce ⁇ troiene A, a hydroxylated lecithin supplied by Central Soya Company, Inc., of Fort Wayne, Indiana. This material is a water dispersable hydroxylated lecithin with an HLB value of 10, and a maximum acid value of 30. While marketed as a lecithin it does, in fact, contain a mixture of phospholipids that are well known to be present in soya. While this hydroxylated lecithin is preferred for use in the current invention, other phospholipids are also suitable for use.
  • the general structure of the phospholipids useful within the scope of the current invention is shown in Formula 1 ,
  • R and R' are independently selected from the group consisting of
  • R" contains at least one positive charge and is selected from the group consisting of, (i) a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated of unsaturated, linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 22 carbons;
  • radicals of formula (R"'-C O) wherein R" is a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 22 carbons; and
  • radicals of formula (R'"-C 0) wherein R"' is a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 22 carbons including at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus and halogen.
  • the positive charge on the R" substituent of the phospholipid imparts a zwitterionic character to the compound.
  • Tnis zwitterionic character supplies the surface active properties that are important to achieve the desired properties of the softening composition of the present invention.
  • Many commercially available phospholipids also contain some quantity of fatty oil and fatty acids. While not essential to the object of this invention, they will serve to impart additional lubricating functionality.
  • Preferred compounds suitable as a phospholipid for the present invention include phosphatidylcholine (lecithin), hydroxylated phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxylated phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, hydroxylated phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, hydroxylated phosphatidylinositol, and mixtures thereof.
  • the non-ionic surfactants suitable for the present invention are based on substituted polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide and mixtures thereof.
  • the present invention includes from about 10 to about 85 percent by weight of a non-ionic surfactant.
  • the non-ionic surfactants suitable for the present invention are described by Formula II,
  • n is an integer from 1 to 1000; R is independently selected for each n from the group consisting of: (i) hydrogen; and
  • R ' and R " are independently selected from the group consisting of: (i) hydrogen;
  • R' and R" components suitable as described above include, but are not limited to, ethyl propyl, butyl, oleyl, lauryl, and no ⁇ ylphe ⁇ olyl.
  • non-ionic surfactants include: Igepal CO-430, and Igepal CO- 630 available from GAF Corporation, New York, NY; and Triton X-45, Triton X-114, and Triton X-100 available from Rohm and Haas Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
  • a variety of lubricant compositions are suitable for the lubricant portion of the present invention.
  • the present invention includes up to about 40 percent by weight of the lubricant, preferably about 0.1 to about 6 percent by weight.
  • Preferred lubricants include esters of mo ⁇ oalcohols, diaicohols. poiyols, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, and mixed polyethylene - polypropylene glycol.
  • the glycols and alcohols may be either naturally occurring or of synthetic origin.
  • Preferred poiyols include trimethylolpropane, glycerol and pentaeryth ⁇ tol.
  • Esters are, by definition, chemicai compounds that result from the reaction of an organic acid with an organic alcohol.
  • the preferred esters are those derived from acids having side chains selected from the group consisting of saturated, unsaturated, linear and branched alkyl chains from six to twenty carbons.
  • Long chain mo ⁇ oalcohols having from eight to thirty carbons and fatty alcohols having from ten to thirty carbons are also suitable lubricants for the present invention.
  • the most preferred lubricants are selected from the group consisting of castor oil, olive oil, hexadecanol, methyl tallowate, glycerol, glycerol monostearate, lanolin, decanol and octadecanol.
  • the softener composition of the present invention is diluted to an appropriate concentration to allow the softener composition to be applied to the cellulose fiber up to 40 pounds of phospholipid per ton of dry pulp. That is, up to 40 pounds of phospholipid per ton of dry pulp could be retained on the final dry paper product.
  • the softness of paper tissue and towel products can be evaluated for their softness properties by use of various factors, all of which are utilized to assess the softness of the product as it may relate and be perceived by the consumer. These measurements include the following: Modulus of Elasticity - defined as the slope of the secant of the graph derived from force vs. stretch % data. Generally considered the lower the force per unit stretch, the greater the flexibility of the sheet. Shear Strength - Measures the shear stiffness of the test tissue or toweling at a shear angle of 2°, with measurements taken at 0.5 and 5 D . A lower shear strength reflects a greater degree of flexibility in the sheet.
  • Bending Strength The bending test measures the bending strength of the sheet, as well as the moment of hysteresis. A lower bending strength reflects a greater degree of flexibility in the paper sheet.
  • Surface Properties The surface friction obtained between the paper sheet surface and a u-shaped piano wire, in a sliding contact under constant load and speed is obtained and used to assess the surface friction properties of the sheet and relate this to the hand feel or tactile softness of the sheet. Also under similar conditions of test the surface profile, or roughness of the paper sheet is obtained and is also used as a measure of the surface softness of the paper sheet. Burst Strength - The mullen strength of the sheet. The burst strength is also used to assess the effects of chemical softening compositions on the bulk flexibility of the treated paper.
  • a sheet strip 1 inch wide and 5 inches high was cut from the test sheet and placed between the jaws of a tensile testing instrument manufactured by Twining-Albert
  • a softener composition was prepared by blending Ce ⁇ trole ⁇ e A and a hydroxylated soya lecithin available from Central Soya, Inc. with various non-ionic surfactants listed in Table 1 and Table 2, available from Emery Corporation, Cincinnati, OH, and Chemax, Inc at weight ratios required to give non-ideal mixing, and thus synergistic reduction in dry tensile strength that is not seen with lecithin or the non- ionic surfactants individually.
  • Non-ideal mixing can arise in systems where different surfactants are used.
  • the micelles formed are comprised of mixtures of surfactants, and the resulting electrostatic interactions of the hydrophilic "head" groups can give synergistic effects on the emulsifying properties of the system, often giving substantially lower critical micelle concentrations and i ⁇ terfacial tensions than would be expected based on the properties of unmixed surfactants.
  • Non-ideal mixing is seen by a deviation from the linear relationship of the ratio of the critical micelle concentration to mole fraction obtained with ideal mixing, which is obtained when mixed micelles are not formed.
  • a batch pulp slurry was prepared with pulp and softener composition concentrations in water that are equivalent to those normally found in the pulp slurry of a conventional tissue or towel paper production machine.
  • a pulp slurry was prepared by mixing 497.45 grams of tap water, 2.45 grams of conventional dry pulp and 0.05 grams of the polyamide-epichiorohydri ⁇ resin (Hercules 557H which is a 12% by weight
  • the slurry was added to a head box measuring 10.5 inches high by 8.0 inches wide by 8.0 inches deep.
  • a screen of approximately 100 mesh was affixed to the bottom of the box to allow for gravity filtration of the liquid through the screen while retaining a wet web of pulp on the top surface of the screen.
  • a solution of 0.25 percent by weight of the solids components of the softener composition in water was sprayed onto the web using a sprayer available from Badger Air -Brush Co., Franklin Park, II.
  • Spraying was continued to deliver 0.00625 grams of softener per 2.5 grams of dry sheet.
  • the liquid was allowed to continuously drain through the web while the composition was spray applied.
  • the screen with the web on its upper surface, was removed from the head box.
  • the web and screen were placed, undisturbed, between two sheets of drylap and felt, and pressed through a roller stand manufactured by Adirondack Machine Corp. No additional pressure was applied to the rolls.
  • the sheet formed from the web was then removed from the screen and dried to a constant weight of 2.5 grams using a drum manufactured by Dayton Electronic Mfg. Co.
  • a batch pulp slurry was prepared with pulp and softener composition concentrations in water that are equivalent to those normally found in the pulp slurry of a conventional tissue of towel paper production machine
  • Experimental softening compositions were prepared by adding 7% by weight of a lubricant additive listed in Table 3 and Table 4 to a blend of 78% by weight of polyethylene glycol 200 monooleate (available from Chemax, Inc.) and 15% by weight of Ce ⁇ troie ⁇ e
  • a A pulp slurry was prepared by mixing 497 42 grams of tap water, 2 48 grams of conventional dry pulp and 0 10 grams of Hercules 557H, (a 12% by weight Kyir-ene " TM solution wet strength additive available from Hercules) for 15 minutes at 60 rpm in a 1000 ml beaker.
  • the sheet formed from the web was then removed from the wire and dried to a constant weight of 2.5 grams using a drum manufactured by Dayton Electronic Mfg. Co.
  • the enhanced softness of the sheets imparted by the softener composition is demonstrated in the reduced dry tensile strengths listed in Table 3. There was not an undesirably large reduction in wet tensile strength as shown in the results in Table 4.
  • Lantrol AWS 1692 a propoxylated and ethoxylated lanolin oil available from Henkel Corporation
  • distilled water a propoxylated and ethoxylated lanolin oil available from Henkel Corporation
  • Centrolene A was added to 19.25 percent by weight polyethylene glycol dilaurate (Emerest 2622 available from Henkel Corp).
  • the Centrolene A and Emerest 2622 mixture was agitated and heated to 140°F where it was maintained for 15 minutes
  • the Centrolene A and Emerest 2622 were added to the water and lanolin oil mixture Tektamer 38-LV from Calgon Corporation was added in an amount of 0 4% by weight and the resultant mixture was agitated for 30 minutes At the end of 30 minutes the mixture was cooled to 75°F over a 120 minute period
  • the resultant composition was 35 4 percent by weight oil in water emulsion of the desired softening composition
  • a softer towel composition can be produced according to the following steps A towel product is produced on a paper machine using a Fourdrinier type table and a
  • the sheet is creped off the Yankee Dryer with a doctor blade
  • a 3 percent by weight pulp slurry (a blend of virgin and recycled fiber) is diluted, at the fan pump, to a head box consistency of 0 2% by weight This slurry is used to form the sheet on the Fourdrinier wire
  • the resulting sheet is pressed and transferred to the Yankee Dryer and dried to 6% moisture by weight
  • a creping adhesive and release agent are applied to the Yankee drier to control the creping
  • the softening composition from Example 3 is added to the inlet side of the fan pump at a rate of 10 to 40 lbs of softening composition per ton of air dried pulp.
  • the softening composition Prior to addition to the pulp slurry, the softening composition is diluted in line with clean water, at a temperature of 70°F to 1 10 °F An in line static type mixer is used to assure good mixing
  • the dilution ratio is 50 parts white water by volume and 1 part softener composition by volume
  • the towel produced with the softening composition has a softer hand feel, more bulk and displays better drape properties
  • a softer fluff pulp composition can be produced according to the following steps
  • a fluff pulp product for use in diapers is produced on a pulp machine which used a Fourdrinier type table and Flakt dryer
  • a 3 percent by weight pulp slurry is diluted at the pulp machine fan pump to 1 percent by weight consistency and pumped to the head box.
  • the sheet is formed on a Fourdrinier wire, pressed to 40 percent moisture by weight , and sent through a Flakt dryer system and dried to 8% moisture by weight.
  • the softening composition from Example 4 is added to the 3% by weight pulp slurry prior to dilution with white water at the fan pump
  • the softening composition is added at a rate of 5 to 10 pounds softening composition per ton of air dried pulp
  • the softening composition is diluted with 100 parts water by volume and 1 part softener composition by volume with clean water and mixed in a static-type mixer
  • the temperature of the dilution water is maintained at 70°F to 1 10°F to assure a stable emulsion
  • the softener composition is diluted so that it is distributed evenly on the pulp fibers
  • the resulting fluff pulp has a softer hand feel and requires less energy to produce It also does not display losses in its rate of water absorption or capacity of water absorption

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Abstract

Procédé et composition d'adoucissement de fibres cellulosiques pour la production de produits à base de fibres cellulosiques adoucies, comme les serviettes en papier, les lingettes, les serviettes hygiéniques, le papier toilette, les tissus non tissés et le ouatinage. Le procédé confère à un produit fini en papier renfermant des additifs appropriés un plus haut degré de résistance à l'eau, mesurée d'après la résistance à la traction à l'humectage de la nappe sèche. Le procédé consiste à traiter la fibre de cellulose à l'aide d'une composition d'adoucissement renfermant des phospholipides, un tensioactif non ionique et, facultativement, un additif lubrifiant. La composition renferme un phospholipide, un tensioactif, et facultativement, un lubrifiant. Les produits recouvrent les matières à base de fibres de cellulose adoucies renfermant une composition incluant un phospholipide, un tensioactif, et, facultativement, un lubrifiant. Les phospholipides sont notamment la phosphatidylcholine (lécithine), la phosphatidylcholine hydroxylée, la phosphatidyléthanolamine, la phosphatidyléthanolamine hydroxylée, la phosphatidylsérine, la phosphatidylsérine hydroxylée, le phosphatidylinositol et le phosphatidylinositol hydroxylé.
PCT/US1997/002423 1996-02-23 1997-02-18 Realisation de produits a base de fibres cellulosiques adoucies WO1997031153A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU22744/97A AU2274497A (en) 1996-02-23 1997-02-18 Manufacture of softened cellulose fiber-based products
EP97906919A EP0882157A1 (fr) 1996-02-23 1997-02-18 Realisation de produits a base de fibres cellulosiques adoucies

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US60481896A 1996-02-23 1996-02-23
US08/604,818 1996-02-23

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Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6379498B1 (en) 2000-02-28 2002-04-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for adding an adsorbable chemical additive to pulp during the pulp processing and products made by said method
EP1187588A4 (fr) * 1999-04-29 2003-01-22 Paragon Trade Brands Inc Article absorbant comprenant une couche superieure a faible teneur de tensioactif ou sans tensioactif synthetique
US6582560B2 (en) 2001-03-07 2003-06-24 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for using water insoluble chemical additives with pulp and products made by said method
US7344593B2 (en) * 2001-03-09 2008-03-18 James Hardie International Finance B.V. Fiber reinforced cement composite materials using chemically treated fibers with improved dispersibility
US7749356B2 (en) 2001-03-07 2010-07-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for using water insoluble chemical additives with pulp and products made by said method
US7815841B2 (en) 2000-10-04 2010-10-19 James Hardie Technology Limited Fiber cement composite materials using sized cellulose fibers
US7942964B2 (en) 2003-01-09 2011-05-17 James Hardie Technology Limited Fiber cement composite materials using bleached cellulose fibers
US7993570B2 (en) 2002-10-07 2011-08-09 James Hardie Technology Limited Durable medium-density fibre cement composite
WO2011111028A1 (fr) 2010-03-11 2011-09-15 Arjowiggins Palalda Sas Matériau médical biodégradable
US8133352B2 (en) 2000-10-17 2012-03-13 James Hardie Technology Limited Method and apparatus for reducing impurities in cellulose fibers for manufacture of fiber reinforced cement composite materials
EP2465917A1 (fr) * 2010-12-16 2012-06-20 Cognis IP Management GmbH Plastifiant pour textiles
JP2014074244A (ja) * 2012-10-03 2014-04-24 Nikko-Giken Co Ltd 繊維仕上げ剤
CN104452445A (zh) * 2014-10-23 2015-03-25 广东比伦生活用纸有限公司 一种面巾纸的增柔工艺及制得的超柔面巾纸
US8993462B2 (en) 2006-04-12 2015-03-31 James Hardie Technology Limited Surface sealed reinforced building element
EP3019660A4 (fr) * 2013-07-10 2017-01-18 Ecolab USA Inc. Amélioration de déshydratation de feuille à l'aide de farine de soja ou de protéine de soja
US10988899B2 (en) 2017-03-09 2021-04-27 Ecolab Usa Inc. Fluff dryer machine drainage aid
CN113302358A (zh) * 2019-02-04 2021-08-24 大王制纸株式会社 纸巾
WO2022144502A1 (fr) * 2020-12-29 2022-07-07 Kemira Oyj Concentré d'adoucissant, émulsion d'adoucissant, procédé de fabrication d'émulsion d'adoucissant et son utilisation
CN116601358A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2023-08-15 凯米拉公司 软化剂浓缩物、软化剂乳液、用于生产软化剂乳液的方法及其用途

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US2186709A (en) * 1936-08-31 1940-01-09 Paper Chemistry Inst Cellulose product
US4766015A (en) * 1987-04-21 1988-08-23 Bercen, Inc. Phospholipid lubricant for coating moving webs
US4943350A (en) * 1987-08-06 1990-07-24 Scott Paper Company Chemically treated paper products - towel and tissue
EP0365726A1 (fr) * 1988-10-27 1990-05-02 Scott Paper Company Nappes fibreuses cellulosiques
US4940513A (en) * 1988-12-05 1990-07-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for preparing soft tissue paper treated with noncationic surfactant

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1187588A4 (fr) * 1999-04-29 2003-01-22 Paragon Trade Brands Inc Article absorbant comprenant une couche superieure a faible teneur de tensioactif ou sans tensioactif synthetique
US6379498B1 (en) 2000-02-28 2002-04-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for adding an adsorbable chemical additive to pulp during the pulp processing and products made by said method
US7815841B2 (en) 2000-10-04 2010-10-19 James Hardie Technology Limited Fiber cement composite materials using sized cellulose fibers
US8133352B2 (en) 2000-10-17 2012-03-13 James Hardie Technology Limited Method and apparatus for reducing impurities in cellulose fibers for manufacture of fiber reinforced cement composite materials
US6582560B2 (en) 2001-03-07 2003-06-24 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for using water insoluble chemical additives with pulp and products made by said method
US6984290B2 (en) 2001-03-07 2006-01-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for applying water insoluble chemical additives with to pulp fiber
US7749356B2 (en) 2001-03-07 2010-07-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for using water insoluble chemical additives with pulp and products made by said method
US7993490B2 (en) 2001-03-07 2011-08-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for applying chemical additives to pulp during the pulp processing and products made by said method
US7344593B2 (en) * 2001-03-09 2008-03-18 James Hardie International Finance B.V. Fiber reinforced cement composite materials using chemically treated fibers with improved dispersibility
US7993570B2 (en) 2002-10-07 2011-08-09 James Hardie Technology Limited Durable medium-density fibre cement composite
US7942964B2 (en) 2003-01-09 2011-05-17 James Hardie Technology Limited Fiber cement composite materials using bleached cellulose fibers
US8993462B2 (en) 2006-04-12 2015-03-31 James Hardie Technology Limited Surface sealed reinforced building element
WO2011111028A1 (fr) 2010-03-11 2011-09-15 Arjowiggins Palalda Sas Matériau médical biodégradable
WO2012079660A1 (fr) * 2010-12-16 2012-06-21 Cognis Ip Management Gmbh Adoucisseur pour textiles
CN103261391A (zh) * 2010-12-16 2013-08-21 考格尼斯知识产权管理有限责任公司 用于纺织品的软化剂
EP2465917A1 (fr) * 2010-12-16 2012-06-20 Cognis IP Management GmbH Plastifiant pour textiles
JP2014074244A (ja) * 2012-10-03 2014-04-24 Nikko-Giken Co Ltd 繊維仕上げ剤
EP3019660A4 (fr) * 2013-07-10 2017-01-18 Ecolab USA Inc. Amélioration de déshydratation de feuille à l'aide de farine de soja ou de protéine de soja
CN104452445A (zh) * 2014-10-23 2015-03-25 广东比伦生活用纸有限公司 一种面巾纸的增柔工艺及制得的超柔面巾纸
US10988899B2 (en) 2017-03-09 2021-04-27 Ecolab Usa Inc. Fluff dryer machine drainage aid
CN113302358A (zh) * 2019-02-04 2021-08-24 大王制纸株式会社 纸巾
WO2022144502A1 (fr) * 2020-12-29 2022-07-07 Kemira Oyj Concentré d'adoucissant, émulsion d'adoucissant, procédé de fabrication d'émulsion d'adoucissant et son utilisation
CN116601358A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2023-08-15 凯米拉公司 软化剂浓缩物、软化剂乳液、用于生产软化剂乳液的方法及其用途

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AU2274497A (en) 1997-09-10

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