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WO1997031293A1 - Appareil et procede pour supprimer la formation de buee sur les images de cameras buccales - Google Patents

Appareil et procede pour supprimer la formation de buee sur les images de cameras buccales Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997031293A1
WO1997031293A1 PCT/US1997/002944 US9702944W WO9731293A1 WO 1997031293 A1 WO1997031293 A1 WO 1997031293A1 US 9702944 W US9702944 W US 9702944W WO 9731293 A1 WO9731293 A1 WO 9731293A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transparent
intraoral camera
transparent element
temperature
optical
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1997/002944
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
William W. Stevens
Original Assignee
New Image Industries, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by New Image Industries, Inc. filed Critical New Image Industries, Inc.
Priority to AU19748/97A priority Critical patent/AU1974897A/en
Publication of WO1997031293A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997031293A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/24—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the mouth, i.e. stomatoscopes, e.g. with tongue depressors; Instruments for opening or keeping open the mouth
    • A61B1/247—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the mouth, i.e. stomatoscopes, e.g. with tongue depressors; Instruments for opening or keeping open the mouth with means for viewing areas outside the direct line of sight, e.g. dentists' mirrors
    • A61B1/253—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the mouth, i.e. stomatoscopes, e.g. with tongue depressors; Instruments for opening or keeping open the mouth with means for viewing areas outside the direct line of sight, e.g. dentists' mirrors with means for preventing fogging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G03B15/14—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor for taking photographs during medical operations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
    • G03B17/55—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor with provision for heating or cooling, e.g. in aircraft
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/555—Constructional details for picking-up images in sites, inaccessible due to their dimensions or hazardous conditions, e.g. endoscopes or borescopes

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed generally to intraoral cameras, and more particularly to apparatus and method for eliminating the fogging of intraoral camera images.
  • An intraoral camera is a device used by a dentist or others to examine a person's mouth (also referred to as a patient's oral cavity) .
  • the intraoral camera is typically an elongate instrument having a distal end that is inserted in the patient's mouth and a proximal end that is kept outside the patient's mouth.
  • An optical train forms an image of a portion within a field of view inside the patient's mouth and relays this image to a video camera located at the proximal end.
  • the camera may have a dedicated illumination system.
  • the optical train may also communicate light from a source at the proximal end to the distal end to illuminate the field of view.
  • the light source can also be located at the distal end of the camera device. If the camera device does not include a dedicated illumination system, the operatory light can be used to illuminate the field of view.
  • the optical train and other components are typically located in an opaque housing formed with a distal end opening that allows illumination light to exit the housing and allows light from the object of interest to be captured by the optical train.
  • the opening is covered by a transparent element, such as a lens, a prism, or a window that is at the distal end of the optical train.
  • a transparent element such as a lens, a prism, or a window that is at the distal end of the optical train.
  • these protective sheaths and caps are often used by dentists and others to prevent microbiological cross contamination from one patient's oral cavity to another's and to the hands of the operator.
  • Figs. 1A and IB are bottom and side-sectional views of a prior art intraoral camera.
  • a camera housing/ handpiece 10 contains the video pick-up and the optical train, which extends between the distal and the proximal ends .
  • the camera is characterized by a field of view 20 directed 90 degrees to the axis of the handpiece.
  • a reflecting element such as a reflective prism or mirror 30 is used to deflect incoming light by approximately 90 degrees.
  • the optical image from field of view 20 is directed from the prism along an optical path to a video camera pick-up 32.
  • An initial lens which may be a gradient index lens, forms an image of the field of view, and relay optics such as a series of lenses 34 relay and magnify the images to the video camera pick-up.
  • the light sensitive video pick-up is used to convert optical images from optical element 12 into electrical (or television/video) images. These electrical images are provided via a camera cable 14 for real-time display.
  • the optical element is just one example of a transparent element located at the distal end of the camera housing. If a dedicated illumination system is provided, fiber optics located within cable 14 along with light source 24 are used to provide the illumination 22. Thus, field of view 20 is illuminated.
  • a surface of a transparent element in the optical path that is exposed to the atmosphere inside the patient's mouth.
  • This may be the outer surface of the element at the distal end of the optical train, or it may be the outer surface of the protective sheath or cap. This surface will be referred to as the exposed surface in the optical path.
  • the atmosphere in the oral cavity of a patient is warm and moist compared to the typical atmosphere outside the oral cavity.
  • a common phenomenon with intraoral cameras is the condensation of water vapor onto the surfaces at the distal end, due to the fact that the intraoral cameras are typically somewhat cooler than the atmosphere in the oral cavity.
  • the optical train can include elements which have no optical power (e.g., the protective sheath) .
  • fogging occurs when a cool object comes in contact with the warm moist air in the patient's mouth, and when condensation is present on a transparent element in the optical path, it causes the image produced by the camera to be blurred.
  • a stream of air can be passed over the exposed surface subject to fogging to prevent condensation as shown in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 2 shows a prior art technique for defogging the distal end of an intraoral camera.
  • an air stream 40 can be provided via a tube 42 to the other exposed surface subject to fogging.
  • a stream of fluid can also be passed over the surface subject to fogging to prevent condensation.
  • a method must be supplied to turn the fluid stream on or off, and a method must be supplied to remove the spent fluid from the patient's mouth.
  • the optical surface must maintain good optical properties and not distort the camera image after being wetted by the fluid.
  • the optical elements can be coated with a coating that inhibits condensation.
  • a coating that inhibits condensation there is no practical special coatings to permanently prevent fogging without the coating being periodically reapplied.
  • the present invention provides an improved apparatus and method for eliminating blurring of the intraoral camera image caused by water vapor condensation on the exposed surface in the intraoral camera's optical path. This is accomplished without having to introduce air or liquid into the patient's mouth and without having to rely on anti-fogging coatings .
  • the invention contemplates heating a portion of the camera structure so as to raise the temperature of the exposed surface in the optical path to a point where condensation is reduced or eliminated. This may be accomplished by heating the surface directly, or by heating other portions of the structure and providing sufficient thermal coupling between the heated structure and the exposed surface.
  • a resistive heater is mounted to a supporting structure for the distal element in the optical train; in other embodiments the distal element is provided with a transparent resistive coating or is heated radiatively.
  • the heating can be open loop or closed loop, but it is preferred to control the heating in a closed loop fashion.
  • a temperature sensor is mounted to a portion of the camera structure whose temperature correlates with that of the exposed surface in the optical path.
  • the amount of applied heat is directly related to the sensed temperature, and thus the exposed surface temperature is maintained within a prescribed range.
  • the surface temperature is maintained at a temperature above the dew point in the patient's mouth. It has been found that maintaining the exposed surface above about 90°F generally works, with a preferred temperature of approximately 94°F.
  • FIGS. 1A and IB are bottom and side-sectional views of a prior art intraoral camera
  • Fig. 2 shows a prior art technique for defogging the distal end of an intraoral camera
  • Fig. 3 illustrates schematically an open loop heater that provides heat to the optical element of an intraoral camera
  • Fig. 4 illustrates schematically a method of controlling the temperature of the optical element
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic of a circuit which controls the temperature of the optical element
  • Fig. 6 shows a specific arrangement for mounting the heater and temperature sensor to a support structure
  • Fig. 7 shows schematically an embodiment where heat is supplied by irradiating the sheath or cap with infrared radiation
  • Fig. 8 shows schematically an embodiment where heat is supplied by a resistive coating or film located on the optical element
  • Fig. 9 shows schematically an embodiment where heat is supplied by irradiating the optical element with infrared radiation.
  • the present invention uses heat to prevent the fogging of surfaces that can degrade intraoral camera images .
  • Heat is applied to the area subject to fogging; this area is usually on or near the distal optical element.
  • the area subject to fogging is also referred to as the exposed surface.
  • An exposed surface may have gaps which allow a small amount of the oral cavity environment to pass by that exposed surface.
  • the heat maintains the area subject to fogging at a temperature that is above the dew point of the camera's operating environment.
  • a minimum of condensation develops on the optical elements (or other nearby area) of the camera. Heating the optical elements (or other nearby areas which are subject to fogging) introduces no foreign materials into the oral cavity of the patient, and no audible noise is emitted from the defogging mechanism.
  • the defogger can be "on” all of the time so the only “warm-up” occurs when the cameral has its initial power applied.
  • This method of heating brings the camera hand piece tip to a temperature at or near body temperature so there is no patient discomfort related to the cold feeling from an unheated intraoral hand piece in the patient's mouth. Additionally, when heat is used, there is no need for an air supply compressor in the camera unit, or a hook-up to an operatory air supply.
  • the temperature is raised above the dew point temperature by applying heat directly to the optical element. This raises the temperature sufficiently above ambient to be above the dew point such that the exposed surface is not subject to fogging. In this embodiment, this temperature is usually over 90 degrees and preferably around 95 degrees. The temperature is not raised to a point where a patient might experience discomfort from the heat .
  • heat is applied from a heating element to the optical surface (s) .
  • a resistor mounted to the metal block that holds the optical element is used to provide the heat in this arrangement.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates schematically an open loop heater 50 that provides heat to an optical element 60 of an intraoral camera.
  • This open loop heater embodiment does not include a temperature sensor.
  • Heat is provided from heater 50 to optical element 60 via one or more known heat transfer mechanisms such as conduction, convection, and radiation. This may be done by heating the element directly or by heating other structures that are thermally coupled to the optical element. Thus, a small amount of power, applied to the heater, can prevent fogging of the exposed surface.
  • Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, where a closed loop system incorporates a temperature sensor 120 in conjunction with heater 50 to regulate the temperature of the heater and/or optical element 60 subject to fogging.
  • the regulated temperature is maintained above the dew point of the intraoral cavity.
  • temperature sensor 120 monitors the temperature of optical element 60 and provides a temperature-dependent electrical signal to an amplifier 130, which controls the power to heater 50.
  • a reference signal is also applied to amplifier 130 such that heater 50 applies more or less heat to optical element 60 depending on the feedback information from temperature sensor 120.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic of a circuit which controls the temperature of the optical element.
  • the heater is a surface mount resistor 200 while the temperature sensor is a thermistor 202.
  • Resistor 200 is in series with a transistor 205, and the current through resistor 200 is controlled by an amplifier 210.
  • Amplifier 210 acts as a comparator which receives at its inputs (a) a temperature- dependent voltage provided by a first voltage divider that incorporates thermistor 202 and (b) an adjustable reference voltage provided by a second voltage divider that incorporates a variable resistor 220.
  • amplifier 210 and transistor 205 are part of the same circuit package, so the designation of inverting and non-inverting inputs are with respect to the output terminal defined by the collector of transistor 205.
  • LED 222 is an optional element located in parallel with heater 200 such that LED 222 is illuminated when heater 200 is "on. " This circuit design can also be used with the embodiments described below.
  • Fig. 6 shows a specific arrangement for mounting the heater and temperature sensor to a support structure. The distal end of the camera device is illustrated in Fig. 6. As stated above, in the preferred embodiment, a resistor mounted to metal block 240 that holds the optical element is used to provide heat to the exposed surface.
  • heater 250 provides heat to the optical element
  • temperature sensor 252 monitors the temperature of the block at a point near heater 250. Temperature sensor 252 can also monitor other elements whose temperature correlates with that of the exposed surface. Both heater 250 and temperature sensor 252 are mounted directly to a portion of the distal end of the camera device. Electrical conductors 254-257 connect the heater and sensor to the remaining portions of the circuit, which are located at the proximal end.
  • Optical fiber cable 262 provides illumination to the camera field of view via aperture 260 (there is also an aperture on the other side of optical element) .
  • Fig. 7 shows schematically an embodiment where heat is supplied by irradiating the sheath or cap with infrared radiation.
  • a protective sheath 300, cap or other plastic device can be placed over hand piece 10. Heat can then be conducted or radiated to warm the sheath 300 or cap. When this occurs, heat is transferred between the optical surface and the plastic device. Conduction or convection occurs when the sheath or cap is placed in close proximity to another heated element (e.g., the optical element) .
  • material which absorbs infrared energy can be placed in the sheath or cap. Infrared radiation directed toward the sheath or cap would then warm it. The light for the illumination of the field of view can be used to provide the infrared radiation for warming the sheath or cap. This is an open loop system, so sheaths with varying amounts of absorption could be used for different ambient conditions.
  • Fig. 8 shows schematically an embodiment where heat is supplied by a resistive coating or film located on the optical element.
  • a coating or film 310 is in contact with optical element 12.
  • This coating/ film 310 can also be placed on the prism or on any other transparent element in the optical path. In this arrangement, current is passed through the coating/ film 310 to provide resistive heating.
  • coating/ film 310 acts as a resistor to provide the desired heat .
  • Fig. 9 shows schematically an embodiment where heat is supplied by irradiating the optical element with infrared radiation.
  • Optical (or other transparent) element 12 absorbs infrared radiation or a similar electromagnetic source of energy.
  • a source of infrared radiation 320 has an output beam 322 directed at optical element 12.
  • light beam 322 is used to heat the surface of the optical element 12 or other area which is subject to fogging.
  • Output beam 322 can also be directed to other structures that are thermally coupled to the optical element 12.
  • infrared radiation can be passed via optical fiber 330 to radiate on exposed surface 12 such that it is heated. This optical fiber 330 can be the same optical fiber used to illuminate the camera's field of view.
  • more than one optical element is located in the intraoral camera.
  • the multiple optical elements are heated to prevent condensation.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil et un procédé améliorés pour minimiser la formation de buée sur l'image d'une caméra, buée due à la condensation de la vapeur d'eau sur un élément transparent (12 ou 300) dans une trajectoire optique d'une caméra buccale. Cette dernière comporte une extrémité distale prévue pour être placée dans la bouche d'un sujet. La caméra comprend également un train optique et un élément de chauffage (50). Le train optique comprend l'élément transparent (12 ou 300) qui est placé à l'extrémité distale. L'élément chauffant (50) est couplé thermiquement à l'élément transparent (12 ou 300). La chaleur minimise la condensation qui risquerait d'empêcher la lumière de pénétrer dans l'élément transparent (12 ou 300).
PCT/US1997/002944 1996-02-22 1997-02-20 Appareil et procede pour supprimer la formation de buee sur les images de cameras buccales WO1997031293A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU19748/97A AU1974897A (en) 1996-02-22 1997-02-20 Apparatus and method for eliminating the fogging of intraoral camera images

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US60383496A 1996-02-22 1996-02-22
US08/603,834 1996-02-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997031293A1 true WO1997031293A1 (fr) 1997-08-28

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PCT/US1997/002944 WO1997031293A1 (fr) 1996-02-22 1997-02-20 Appareil et procede pour supprimer la formation de buee sur les images de cameras buccales

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AU (1) AU1974897A (fr)
WO (1) WO1997031293A1 (fr)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1769725A1 (fr) * 2005-09-28 2007-04-04 Fujinon Corporation Endoscope électronique
JP2009523586A (ja) * 2006-01-24 2009-06-25 パヘ ６５，ソシエダッド リミターダ 発光光学喉頭鏡
WO2010106102A1 (fr) * 2009-03-17 2010-09-23 Kaltenbach & Voigt Gmbh Appareil de diagnostic médical, utilisé notamment en médecine dentaire, présentant des moyens de saisie d'images
EP2345361A1 (fr) * 2005-12-01 2011-07-20 Olympus Medical Systems Corp. Endoscope avec fenetre d'observation chauffée
CN103874450A (zh) * 2011-10-11 2014-06-18 奥林巴斯株式会社 镜框组件以及具备镜框组件的内窥镜
US20150297070A1 (en) * 2013-01-04 2015-10-22 Olympus Corporation Endoscope fogging prevention system and endoscope fogging prevention method
CN105007799A (zh) * 2013-02-15 2015-10-28 奥林巴斯株式会社 内窥镜的雾气防止用加热器单元和内窥镜
CN105662324A (zh) * 2016-01-08 2016-06-15 杭州先临三维科技股份有限公司 一种防雾化口腔内扫描仪
CN105796046A (zh) * 2016-03-25 2016-07-27 苏州佳世达光电有限公司 口腔扫描仪
WO2016142917A1 (fr) * 2015-03-12 2016-09-15 Align Technology, Inc. Plateau dentaire numérique
US9529248B2 (en) 2008-12-23 2016-12-27 Palodex Group Oy Protective means for protecting imaging media
CN106580507A (zh) * 2016-11-29 2017-04-26 苏州佳世达电通有限公司 除雾装置、口腔扫描机以及口腔扫描设备
EP2620091A4 (fr) * 2010-09-22 2017-06-21 Olympus Corporation Dispositif de commande thermique pour endoscope
WO2017191538A1 (fr) * 2016-05-05 2017-11-09 Novartis Ag Prévention de la formation de buée pour lentilles de contact chirurgicales
WO2018071821A1 (fr) * 2016-10-14 2018-04-19 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Dispositif de capture d'image à embuage réduite
TWI626920B (zh) * 2016-11-09 2018-06-21 佳世達科技股份有限公司 除霧裝置
CN108478177A (zh) * 2018-02-13 2018-09-04 苏州佳世达光电有限公司 口腔扫描仪
CN113208550A (zh) * 2021-05-11 2021-08-06 中南大学 口腔用冷热双面口镜

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Cited By (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7455637B2 (en) 2005-09-28 2008-11-25 Fujinon Corporation Electronic endoscope with heater
EP1769725A1 (fr) * 2005-09-28 2007-04-04 Fujinon Corporation Endoscope électronique
EP2345361A1 (fr) * 2005-12-01 2011-07-20 Olympus Medical Systems Corp. Endoscope avec fenetre d'observation chauffée
US8029438B2 (en) 2005-12-01 2011-10-04 Olympus Medical Systems Corp. Endoscope and hydrophilic cap
JP4871362B2 (ja) * 2006-01-24 2012-02-08 パヘ ６５，ソシエダッド リミターダ 発光光学喉頭鏡
JP2009523586A (ja) * 2006-01-24 2009-06-25 パヘ ６５，ソシエダッド リミターダ 発光光学喉頭鏡
EP1982640A4 (fr) * 2006-01-24 2009-11-25 Page 65 Sl Laryngoscope optique lumineux
US9529248B2 (en) 2008-12-23 2016-12-27 Palodex Group Oy Protective means for protecting imaging media
WO2010106102A1 (fr) * 2009-03-17 2010-09-23 Kaltenbach & Voigt Gmbh Appareil de diagnostic médical, utilisé notamment en médecine dentaire, présentant des moyens de saisie d'images
US9943221B2 (en) 2009-03-17 2018-04-17 Kaltenbach & Voigt Gmbh Medical, in particular dental, diagnostic device having image capture means
EP2620091A4 (fr) * 2010-09-22 2017-06-21 Olympus Corporation Dispositif de commande thermique pour endoscope
EP2767213A4 (fr) * 2011-10-11 2015-10-14 Olympus Corp Unité de cadre de miroir et endoscope la comportant
CN103874450A (zh) * 2011-10-11 2014-06-18 奥林巴斯株式会社 镜框组件以及具备镜框组件的内窥镜
US9532707B2 (en) 2011-10-11 2017-01-03 Olympus Corporation Lens frame unit and endoscope
US20150297070A1 (en) * 2013-01-04 2015-10-22 Olympus Corporation Endoscope fogging prevention system and endoscope fogging prevention method
CN105007799B (zh) * 2013-02-15 2017-04-05 奥林巴斯株式会社 内窥镜的雾气防止用加热器单元和内窥镜
CN105007799A (zh) * 2013-02-15 2015-10-28 奥林巴斯株式会社 内窥镜的雾气防止用加热器单元和内窥镜
WO2016142917A1 (fr) * 2015-03-12 2016-09-15 Align Technology, Inc. Plateau dentaire numérique
US11419707B2 (en) 2015-03-12 2022-08-23 Align Technology, Inc. Digital dental tray for 3D model generation
US10849721B2 (en) 2015-03-12 2020-12-01 Align Technology, Inc. Digital dental tray
US9844426B2 (en) 2015-03-12 2017-12-19 Align Technology, Inc. Digital dental tray
CN105662324A (zh) * 2016-01-08 2016-06-15 杭州先临三维科技股份有限公司 一种防雾化口腔内扫描仪
CN105796046A (zh) * 2016-03-25 2016-07-27 苏州佳世达光电有限公司 口腔扫描仪
US10172516B2 (en) 2016-05-05 2019-01-08 Novartis Ag Fogging prevention for surgical contact lenses
CN109068976A (zh) * 2016-05-05 2018-12-21 诺华股份有限公司 手术接触透镜的防雾化
JP2019514507A (ja) * 2016-05-05 2019-06-06 ノバルティス アーゲー 手術用接触レンズの曇り防止
WO2017191538A1 (fr) * 2016-05-05 2017-11-09 Novartis Ag Prévention de la formation de buée pour lentilles de contact chirurgicales
US12313959B2 (en) 2016-10-14 2025-05-27 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Image capture device with reduced fogging
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