WO1997033352A1 - Lentille, element laser a semi-conducteur, dispositif d'usinage de la lentille et de l'element, procede de fabrication de l'element laser a semi-conducteur, element optique et dispositif et procede d'usinage dudit element optique - Google Patents
Lentille, element laser a semi-conducteur, dispositif d'usinage de la lentille et de l'element, procede de fabrication de l'element laser a semi-conducteur, element optique et dispositif et procede d'usinage dudit element optique Download PDFInfo
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- WO1997033352A1 WO1997033352A1 PCT/JP1997/000743 JP9700743W WO9733352A1 WO 1997033352 A1 WO1997033352 A1 WO 1997033352A1 JP 9700743 W JP9700743 W JP 9700743W WO 9733352 A1 WO9733352 A1 WO 9733352A1
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- Prior art keywords
- processing
- laser beam
- optical
- optical element
- lens
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 266
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 225
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical group COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium;zinc Chemical compound [Se]=[Zn] SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/04—Automatically aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam, e.g. using the back-scattered light
- B23K26/046—Automatically focusing the laser beam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
- B23K26/032—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece using optical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/0665—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by beam condensation on the workpiece, e.g. for focusing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/12—Heads, e.g. forming of the optical beam spot or modulation of the optical beam
- G11B7/135—Means for guiding the beam from the source to the record carrier or from the record carrier to the detector
- G11B7/1372—Lenses
- G11B7/1376—Collimator lenses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2011/00—Optical elements, e.g. lenses, prisms
Definitions
- Lens semiconductor laser device, processing device thereof, manufacturing method of semiconductor laser device, optical element, optical device processing device, and optical element processing method
- the present invention relates to a lens, a semiconductor laser device, a processing device thereof, a method of manufacturing a semiconductor laser device, an optical element, an optical element processing apparatus S, and an optical element processing method.
- an optical element such as a lens whose light emitting surface has been processed to have desired optical characteristics, a semiconductor laser device having this optical element attached thereto, and a light emitting surface itself having been processed to have desired optical characteristics.
- Semiconductor laser device Furthermore, the present invention relates to an optical element processing apparatus and an optical element processing method capable of processing these optical elements (lenses) and optical elements such as semiconductor laser elements themselves with desired optical characteristics.
- Semiconductor laser elements are used as small and inexpensive laser light sources, for example, used as light sources for optical pickups for optically reading optical disks.
- the laser beam is output from an area 28 having a width of about 2 ⁇ m on an end face 26 of a semiconductor laser element 10 having an active layer having a thickness of about 0.1 ⁇ m, for example.
- the light output region 28 is a substantially rectangular shape having one long side pair. Since the light is diffracted more on the narrow side than on the wide side, the output beam does not become a perfect circle, but is output as a long oval in the direction of the narrow side. In order to use it as a light source for optical pickups, it may be necessary to make the shape of the laser beam output from the semiconductor laser element a perfect circle or a parallel beam, so adjustments are mainly made with an optical system using a lens. Will do.
- the material of the lens includes plastic and glass. Of these, plastic lenses are easy to process, but glass lenses are preferred because their characteristics deteriorate due to expansion and contraction of the beams due to heat.
- an optical system can be designed using an optical system (optimal) design program on a computer, and an optical system having desired characteristics can be obtained relatively easily. Even if the optical system is designed and designed, it is often technically and costly difficult in the actual manufacturing stage.
- an optical system for making the output beam light of a semiconductor laser element into a perfect circle or a parallel beam is constituted by a lens
- a plurality of spherical lenses are used, so that the optical system tends to be large.
- an aspherical lens is required. Manufacturing aspherical lenses from glass is expensive due to the need for advanced processing techniques. In particular, with a lens shorter than 1 mm in diameter, high-precision free-form surface processing is extremely difficult.
- the lens having such desired optical characteristics can be attached to the semiconductor laser element itself as the optical element, the size of the device can be reduced. The appearance of such a semiconductor laser device with a lens is desired. There is also a strong demand for a processing apparatus and a processing method that can be relatively easily adjusted to have such optical characteristics.
- a high-output semiconductor laser device of the semiconductor laser device that is utilized as an excitation source for the compact and efficient, single The machine as, single laser light source and the other laser medium 3
- the element is destroyed if the thickness of the active layer (strip width) is small.
- the stripe width is increased to about ⁇ m.
- higher-order modes will occur, and the unimodality of the laser beam will decrease. That is, it looks as if a plurality of laser beams are being output from the output area 28 of the end face 26.
- the stripe width of the active layer is increased. Therefore, some peaks (non-unimodal) appear in the output laser beam, and the coherence of the laser beam cannot be used.
- the resonant mirror surface light output end surface
- the characteristics of semiconductor laser elements vary from one to another, and it is necessary to provide a method for obtaining the same desired optical characteristics for a large number of semiconductor laser elements, that is, improving the yield.
- a semiconductor laser device that can make the output laser beam unimodal is first required .
- the desired optical characteristics such as making the shape of the output laser beam into a perfect circle or making it into a parallel beam are required.
- the advent of a semiconductor laser element that can be adjusted is desired.
- the advent of a processing apparatus and a processing method capable of performing processing for achieving such optical characteristics relatively easily and with high accuracy on individual elements is desired.
- the present invention provides a lens processed to provide desired optical characteristics as described above, a semiconductor laser device having such a lens, and a semiconductor processed to have a desired optical characteristic on a light emitting end face of the lens itself. It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing device and a processing method for processing a laser element with high accuracy so as to impart such desired optical characteristics. Disclosure of the invention
- processing of an optical element such as a lens for adjusting light output from an optical output unit such as a semiconductor laser element to desired optical characteristics, more specifically, the surface of the lens, that is, the surface to be processed Processing can be performed with high precision. It is preferable to use glass or crystal as the lens material.
- a lens to be processed is provided at one end of a light output unit that outputs light.
- the light output by the light output means passes through the lens, and the optical measurement means measures its optical characteristics.
- Laser beam processing means 'A processing laser that focuses the beam on the lens surface through a splitter or the like.
- a processing laser.' An ultraviolet laser device such as an excimer laser may be used as the beam output means.
- the position adjusting means By means of the position adjusting means, the optical relative positional relationship between the lens surface and the in-focus position of the processing laser beam can be adjusted.
- the processing laser beam output means and the position adjusting means are controlled by the control arithmetic means.
- the control operation means uses the measurement data of the optical measurement means to process the lens with a processing laser beam in a direction in which light passing through the lens approaches desired optical characteristics.
- a lens can be formed on an end face for outputting a laser beam, and this can be processed as described above.
- control calculation means does not use the measurement data of the above-mentioned optical measurement means when it is affected by the heat generated on the end face by the irradiation of the processing laser beam, the adverse effect due to the temporary thermal expansion of the lens Processing accuracy can be improved without suffering from this.
- the present invention imparts desired optical characteristics by adding an end face of the semiconductor laser device itself that outputs a laser beam.
- the semiconductor laser element itself is the optical element to be added, and its end face is the surface to be processed.
- the semiconductor laser device processing device used at this time is similar to the lens processing device described above.
- Optical measuring means constituting the processing apparatus generates measurement data relating to the optical characteristics of the laser beam output from the semiconductor laser element.
- the optical measurement means as an interferometer, the shape of the end face of the semiconductor laser element can be optically measured as described above.
- the processing laser beam output means outputs the processing laser beam and focuses the processing laser beam on the end face of the semiconductor laser element using a known optical system.
- the position adjusting means adjusts the optical relative positional relationship between the end face of the semiconductor laser element and the in-focus position of the processing laser beam.
- the processing laser beam output means and the position adjusting means are controlled by the control calculation means.
- the control operation means uses the measurement data of the optical measurement means to process the end face with the processing laser beam in a direction to bring the laser beam output from the end face closer to desired optical characteristics.
- the processing laser beam When the processing laser beam is output, the end face expands due to heat due to the irradiation of the processing laser beam. Since this temporary thermal expansion does not occur during normal use, the measurement data of the optical characteristics of the laser beam output by the semiconductor laser element output in this state cannot be used. Therefore, in this case, the processing can be performed with higher accuracy by controlling the control calculation means so as not to use the measurement data of the optical measurement means until the influence of the heat disappears.
- a processing laser beam in addition to light in the ultraviolet region, in some cases, light in the green region can be used, and in some cases, it is more effective to use light in a different frequency range in combination. is there. In any case, light having a wavelength with good absorptance at the end face 26 of the semiconductor laser device 10 is used.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a preferred embodiment (lens processing apparatus) of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing another example of the preferred embodiment (lens processing apparatus) of the present invention.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a semiconductor laser device with a lens according to the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of a preferred embodiment of a processing device for a semiconductor laser device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing another example of the preferred embodiment of the semiconductor laser device processing apparatus according to the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a top view showing the concept of a facing resonance mirror surface of the semiconductor laser device.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a preferred embodiment (lens processing apparatus) of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing another example of the preferred embodiment (lens processing apparatus) of the present invention.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a semiconductor laser device with a
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing still another example of the preferred embodiment of the semiconductor laser device processing apparatus according to the present invention
- FIG. 8 is a laser beam directly output from the semiconductor laser device.
- BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION T Figure 1 will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to explain the invention in more detail is a block diagram showing an example of a preferred embodiment (lens processing apparatus) of the present invention.
- the present invention is applied to a single lens or a semiconductor laser device formed with this lens.
- This apparatus processes a lens (optical element) so that desired optical characteristics such as perfect circle and parallel are obtained from a laser beam of a semiconductor laser element (optical output means) 10.
- the lens to be processed 12 is roughly processed in advance so that the laser beam output from the semiconductor laser element 10 is made perfectly round and parallel. It is desirable to use glass as the material used for the lens 12.
- an optical material such as glass, preferably an optical glass is used. That is, a homogeneous material such as an optical glass having a very small refractive index distortion is preferred.
- Glass is an amorphous state, which is a supercooled state in which a molten liquid is solidified without being appropriately cooled and crystallized. Glass may be transparent in the visible region, but may be opaque in the ultraviolet or infrared region. Depending on the characteristics of the light used in this way, it may be more appropriate to use crystals as the lens material.
- Such crystals include sapphires, silicon, and germanium.
- sapphires have an infrared region with a wavelength of about 3 microns
- zinc selenium crystals have an infrared region with a wavelength of about 10 microns.
- Available to Glass can be burned by light, but some of the crystals are difficult to receive such optical damage (silicon, etc.), and it is better to use it appropriately according to the purpose.
- the laser beam that has passed through 12 is input to a wavefront measuring device (optical measuring means) 16 via a beam splitter 14, where its optical characteristics are measured, and measurement data is generated. You.
- the wavefront measuring device 16 will be described later.
- An ultraviolet laser device (laser output means for processing) 18 has an optical system 20, outputs an ultraviolet laser beam through the optical system 20, and outputs the ultraviolet laser beam via a mirror 15 and a beam splitter 14.
- the laser beam for processing can be focused on a desired position on the surface of the lens 12 to be processed.
- an excimer laser or a fourth harmonic of YAG is used as the laser light source of the ultraviolet laser device ⁇ 18.
- Excimer ⁇ for lasers, for example, the common rare gas 'halide' excimer which combines a rare gas and a halogen gas Ma.
- a laser may be used. The shorter the laser wavelength, the smoother the etched surface.For example, use an ArF laser with a wavelength of 193 nm.
- the ultraviolet laser beam focused on the surface (working surface) of the working lens 12 instantaneously cuts molecular bonds on the surface of the working lens 12 due to the optical abrasion phenomenon, so that the glass Suitable for fine processing of lens surface.
- the laser's beam is output in a pulsed manner, and a few J (joules) of energy is input to the material to be processed in about 10 ⁇ (nano) seconds, which is much larger than the thermal diffusion time.
- the short time allows for sharp machining without thermally damaging the material. In other words, a portion that is melted by heat and solidified again around the processed portion is unlikely to occur.
- energy at ultraviolet wavelengths enters the material only at a depth of 1 micrometer or less (submicron 'order). Therefore, an extremely thin surface layer of the lens surface can be finely processed.
- the beam splitter 14 and the mirror 15 are also damaged and deteriorated with time by receiving the ultraviolet laser beam; at the position of the beam splitter 14 and the like, the beam focuses. Can be used for a certain period of time.
- the position adjusting device 22 moves the mirror 15 under the control of the control arithmetic device 24 to move the optical axis of the ultraviolet laser beam from the ultraviolet laser device 18. This changes the optical relative position S relationship between the focal position S of the ultraviolet laser beam and the surface of the lens 12 to be processed.
- the control arithmetic unit 24 uses the position adjusting unit 22 and the optical system 20 of the ultraviolet laser unit to focus the ultraviolet laser beam on the lens to be processed 1 2 to the required position g on the surface of the lens 1, 2Process the surface.
- the light beam wavefront measuring device 16 for example, a 13 WAS 01 type wave analyzer manufactured by MELLESGRIOT of the United States may be used. This is an interferometer, a CCD camera and an electronic drive mechanism. It measures the electric field distribution (beam intensity distribution) of a laser beam using the principle of an interferometer, and can measure the aberration and phase of the wavefront along with the size and diameter of the beam.
- This is an interferometer, a CCD camera and an electronic drive mechanism. It measures the electric field distribution (beam intensity distribution) of a laser beam using the principle of an interferometer, and can measure the aberration and phase of the wavefront along with the size and diameter of the beam.
- control arithmetic unit 24 for example, a personal computer equipped with a microprocessor manufactured by Intel Corporation in the United States can be used.
- Measurement data from wavefront measuring device 16 (B The intensity distribution, wavefront shape, etc.) are graphically displayed in two-dimensional or three-dimensional manner on a display device of the control arithmetic unit 24.
- Various programs necessary for lens processing are stored in a storage device such as a disk of the control arithmetic device 24. This may include the optical system design program described above. These control the ultraviolet laser device g18, the optical system 20 included therein, and the position adjusting device 22 as described later.
- the laser beam directly output from the semiconductor laser element 10 has an elliptical shape and is not a parallel light beam. Therefore, in order to obtain desired optical characteristics such as a perfect circle and a parallel shape from the laser beam passing through the lens 12, it is necessary to process the lens 12 into an aspherical lens.
- a method of processing a lens to obtain perfect circular and parallel optical characteristics using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be described. First, a laser beam is output from the semiconductor laser element 10 and the lens 1 to be processed is processed. Measure the optical properties of the laser beam that has passed through 2 with the wavefront measuring device 16 (first step).
- the measurement data of the wavefront measuring device 16 is processed by the control arithmetic unit 24, and by applying the optical system design program, the current optical characteristics (including the shape of the lens) of the lens 12 are obtained. can get. Further, the wavefront measurement device 16 is compared with reference data obtained when a laser beam having desired optical characteristics is received. This reference data may be obtained from mathematical theory, or a laser beam having desired optical characteristics, such as a perfect circle and a parallel ray, is input to the wavefront measuring device 16 and the reference data is obtained from the measured data. You may create one. In this measurement, for example, the interference fringe (shape) may be used as a parameter.
- the control arithmetic unit 24 is designed to obtain desired optical characteristics from the laser beam passing through the lens 12, that is, to bring measurement data obtained from the wavefront measuring device 16 close to the reference data. Processing data is calculated (second step), and based on the additional data, the ultraviolet laser device 18 (including its optical system 20) and the position adjusting device 22 are controlled to control the lens 12 to be processed. Process the shape (3rd step). Through the first to third processing steps, a lens 12 having desired optical characteristics is obtained. Even when the lens to be processed 12 is being processed by the ultraviolet laser beam, the semiconductor laser element 10 may be kept oscillating. The laser 'beam and the ultraviolet laser' beam output from the semiconductor laser element 10 have significantly different wavelengths, so that there is no danger of interference.
- the part that is melted by heat and solidified again hardly occurs around the processed part, but the ultraviolet laser beam emits a little more energy than the energy required for processing (cutting molecular bonds). It is set to be injected into For this reason, heat is instantaneously left in the portion to be processed when the beam is irradiated.
- the surface of the processed lens 12 expands due to this heat, and the temporary change in the optical characteristics of the processed lens 12 caused by the thermal expansion caused by the irradiation of the ultraviolet laser beam is used for lens processing. It is necessary to make sure that there is no delay,-.
- the control arithmetic unit 24 does not consider the measurement data of the wavefront measuring device 16 for a predetermined time from this output point, and the influence of heat due to the irradiation of the ultraviolet laser beam is not considered. After that, the ultraviolet laser beam is controlled again using the measurement data of the wavefront measuring device 16, and this process is repeated to bring the lens closer to the ideal shape. From another viewpoint, the control arithmetic unit 24 does not use measurement data obtained as a result of measuring the laser beam that has passed through the lens 12 in a state of being thermally expanded by the processing laser beam.
- the yield can be greatly improved.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing another example of the preferred embodiment (lens processing apparatus) of the present invention.
- the optical axis of the ultraviolet laser beam was moved by adjusting the mirror 15 with the position adjusting device 22.
- the semiconductor laser element 10 and the lens 12 may be relatively moved with respect to other devices by the position adjusting device 22 ′. If the semiconductor laser element 10 and the lens 12 move, the optical axis of the laser beam from the semiconductor laser element 10 input to the beam splitter 14 and the wavefront measuring device 16 moves (shifts). That is to say, the diameter of the lens 1 and 2 is small enough, while the measurement surface has a sufficient width. The optical axis does not shift to the extent that the laser beam does not enter the wavefront measuring device 16.
- the lens having the above-described optical characteristics can be attached to the semiconductor laser device itself.
- 3A and 3B show an embodiment of such a semiconductor laser device with a lens.
- FIG. 3A is a perspective view
- FIG. 3B is a side view
- the lens 12 for optical characteristic correction is provided directly on the end face 26 of the semiconductor laser element 10 which outputs a laser beam.
- the lens (optical system) 12 and the semiconductor laser element 10 are integrally formed, so that the laser beam having desired optical characteristics can be made smaller as a whole.
- the surface of the lens 12 is roughly processed in advance, and by processing this in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, a desired aspheric surface can be processed with high accuracy.
- the semiconductor laser element 10 with the lens (optical system) can be manufactured with a high yield.
- Manufacturing the semiconductor laser device 10 with such a lens involves the following steps. Briefly, a lens is provided on an end face 26 of the semiconductor laser element 10 for outputting light (first step). Next, light is output from the semiconductor laser element 10 (second step), and the optical characteristics of light from the semiconductor laser element 10 that has passed through the lens 12 are measured next (third step).
- processing data on how to process the lens to be processed 12 to obtain desired optical characteristics is calculated (fourth step).
- the lens 12 is processed by the processing laser beam (ultraviolet laser beam) based on the calculation in the fourth step (fifth step), thereby forming the semiconductor laser device 10 with the lens.
- the processing laser beam ultraviolet laser beam
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of an embodiment of a processing device for imparting a desired optical characteristic to a light emitting end face of a semiconductor laser element.
- This processing apparatus is basically the same as the processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and therefore, FIG.
- the laser beam output from the optical output area 28 of the end face (workpiece face) 26 of the semiconductor laser element 10 is converted into a wavefront measuring instrument (optical) through the beam splitter 14. Measuring means) Input to 16.
- the processing laser device 18 has an optical system 20, outputs a processing laser beam through the optical system 20, and outputs an end face through a mirror 15 and a beam splitter 14. 26 Focus the processing laser beam on the desired position on 6.
- an excimer laser or a fourth harmonic of YAG can be used as the laser light source of the processing laser device 18.
- a laser with a shorter wavelength has a smoother etching surface. For example, it is better to use an ArF laser with a wavelength of 193 nm.
- green light can be used.In some cases, it is more effective to use light in different frequency ranges in combination. is there. In any case, light having a wavelength with a good absorptivity on the end face 26 of the semiconductor laser device 10 is used.
- the processing laser beam is an ultraviolet laser beam
- the ultraviolet laser beam focused on the portion of the end face 26 near the light output area 28 where processing is necessary is caused by the optical abrasion phenomenon.
- the molecular bond on the end face is cut instantaneously. Therefore, it is suitable for fine processing.
- the UV laser beam is output in a pulsed form, and energy of several J (joules) is input to the material to be processed in about 10 ⁇ (nano) seconds, which is significantly shorter than the thermal diffusion time. Because it is time, it enables sharp machining without thermally damaging the material. In other words, a portion that is melted by heat and solidified again around the processed portion is unlikely to occur. In addition, the energy of the ultraviolet wavelength enters the material only at a depth of 1 micrometer or less (submicron order), so that the extremely thin surface layer of the lens 12 surface can be finely processed.
- the beam splitter 14 receives the laser beam for processing, and is damaged and deteriorates with time by receiving the laser beam. Since the beam is not focused at the position, it can be used sufficiently for a certain period of time.
- the position adjusting device 22 moves the mirror 15 according to the control of the control arithmetic device 24 to move the optical axis of the processing laser beam from the processing laser device 18. Thereby, the optical relative positional relationship between the focal position of the processing laser beam and the end face 26 of the semiconductor laser element 10 is changed.
- the control arithmetic unit 24 processes the laser beam for processing by adjusting the focal point of the laser beam for processing on the end face 26 by using the position adjusting device 22 and the optical system 20 of the laser device 18 for processing.
- a laser beam is output from the end face 26 of the semiconductor laser device 10 and the optical characteristics of the laser beam are measured by the wavefront measuring device 16 (first step).
- the measurement data of the wavefront measuring device 16 is as follows.
- the optical characteristics data of the current end face 26 of the semiconductor laser device 10 can be obtained by applying the optical system design program after being processed by the control arithmetic unit 24.
- the wavefront measurement device 16 is compared with reference data obtained when a laser beam having desired optical characteristics is received.
- This reference data may be obtained from mathematical theory, or may be obtained by actually inputting a laser beam having desired optical characteristics such as unimodality, a perfect circle and a parallel beam into the wavefront measuring device 16. Reference data may be created from measured data.
- the control arithmetic unit 24 calculates processing data to make the laser beam have desired optical characteristics, that is, processing data that makes the measurement data obtained from the wavefront measuring device 16 close to the reference data (second step). Based on the processing data, the processing laser device 18 (including its optical system 20) and the position adjusting device 22 are controlled to process the required portion of the end face 26 of the semiconductor laser device 10. (Third step).
- the semiconductor laser element 10 may be kept oscillated.
- the wavelength of the laser beam output from the semiconductor laser device 10 and the wavelength of the ultraviolet laser beam differ greatly as described in FIG. This is because there is no risk of interference.
- the control arithmetic unit S 24 after outputting the ultraviolet laser beam, the measurement data of the wavefront measuring device 16 is not taken into account for a predetermined time from the output time, and the irradiation by the ultraviolet laser beam is performed. After the influence of heat is eliminated, the ultraviolet laser beam is controlled again using the measurement data of the wavefront measuring device 16, and this process is repeated to bring the end face closer to the ideal shape.
- the control arithmetic unit 2 does not use measurement data obtained as a result of measuring the laser beam output from the end face 26 in a state of being thermally expanded by the processing laser beam.
- Irradiation of the ultraviolet laser beam onto the end face 26 of the semiconductor laser element does not necessarily need to be performed through a beam splitter or the like.
- the irradiation is performed obliquely with respect to the front of the end face 26 of the semiconductor laser element. May be.
- a semiconductor laser device having an end face processed to obtain desired optical characteristics can be obtained.
- the processing method using such a processing apparatus can use the processing method (first step to third step) when using the processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 as it is, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. I do.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing another example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention for processing into a semiconductor laser device having desired optical characteristics.
- the optical axis of the ultraviolet laser beam was moved by adjusting the mirror 15 with the position g adjusting device 22.
- the semiconductor-laser element 10 may be moved relatively to another device by 2 '.
- the optical axis of the laser beam from the semiconductor laser element 10 input to the beam splitter 14 and the wavefront measuring device 16 moves (shifts).
- the diameter of the laser beam is actually much smaller than that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, so that the optical axis does not deviate to such an extent that the laser beam does not enter the wavefront measuring device 16.
- FIG. 6 is an upper cross-sectional view of a portion of the semiconductor laser device 10 having an active layer.
- the ultraviolet laser beam is used to process the end face 26, particularly near the light output area 28, and the resonant mirror surface 30 is curved.
- the resonant mirror surface 30 is curved.
- concave or convex For example, concave or convex.
- an example is shown in which only one of the resonance mirror surfaces is a curved surface, but both surfaces may be processed into a curved surface.
- FIG. 6 shows that a curved surface is formed in the horizontal direction, but the same applies to the vertical direction, and the appropriate R (curvature radius) ) Is formed.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing still another embodiment according to the present invention.
- the semiconductor laser element 10 was oscillated, and the optical characteristics of the output laser beam were measured by the wavefront measuring device (optical measuring means) 16.
- the wavefront measuring device optical measuring means
- measurement using a well-known interferometer may be used.
- the wavefront measuring device 16 Since the wavefront measuring device 16 also functions as a simple interferometer, it is coherent from the reference light source 12 such as a laser light source to the end surface 26 via, for example, the beam splitter 13. By supplying light and measuring the reflected light, data on the shape of the end face 26 can be obtained optically. Of course, at this time, the semiconductor laser element 10 does not need to oscillate. This can be applied to processing of a lens, and similarly, lens shape data can be obtained optically.
- control arithmetic unit 24 controls the processing laser device 18 etc. to process the end face 26, and if necessary, repeats the process of measuring again and processing again as described above. Is the same as Thermal expansion by laser beam for processing The same applies to the case where the control arithmetic unit 24 does not use the measurement data obtained as a result of measuring the surface shape of the end surface 26- in the set state.
- an optical element that adjusts light output from an optical output unit such as a semiconductor laser element to desired optical characteristics.
- an optical output unit such as a semiconductor laser element
- Such a lens can be processed and manufactured small and easy.
- the optical characteristics of the lens are adjusted according to the individual characteristics of the light output means, the yield is greatly improved.
- the optical element in the present invention may be a nonlinear optical element.
- Nonlinear optical elements can change the refractive index by voltage, pressure, etc., and are used in amplitude-phase modulators, shared mirrors, SHGs (Second Harmonic Generators, optical second harmonic generation), and so on. Therefore, when this nonlinear optical element is provided in the light output means, it becomes possible to change the light output from the light output means to desired optical characteristics by controlling the voltage and pressure applied to the nonlinear optical element.
- Nonlinear optical element known as niobate lithium ⁇ beam (Li NbO), lithium titanate (Li T i 0 3), an organic fluorinated Porii Mi de of, prepared from PMMA (polymethacrylate acrylic acid methyl) etc. You.
- this nonlinear optical element is provided on the end face of the semiconductor laser element that outputs light, fine electrodes are required around the nonlinear optical element, and such fine processing can use a known technique.
- a piezoelectric element may be used, which enables control by the voltage of the nonlinear optical element.
- a semiconductor laser device capable of processing an end face state of the semiconductor laser device with high accuracy and bringing a laser beam to be output close to desired optical characteristics.
- the processing can also be performed with high accuracy. Giving optical properties to the end face itself is particularly effective for high-power semiconductor laser devices.
- the present invention is compact and can provide desired optical characteristics by high-precision processing. Therefore, the present invention is suitably applied to an excitation source of a laser medium or to a beam correction optical system such as an optical pickup device or a laser beam machine.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97906866A EP0886352A4 (en) | 1996-03-08 | 1997-03-10 | LENS, SEMICONDUCTOR LASER ELEMENTS, DEVICE FOR MACHINE MACHINING OF LENS AND ELEMENT, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SEMICONDUCTOR LASER LENS, OPTICAL ELEMENT, DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MACHINING THE OPTICAL ELEMENT |
JP53167697A JP3877009B2 (ja) | 1996-03-08 | 1997-03-10 | レンズ、半導体レーザ素子、これらの加工装置、半導体レーザ素子の製造方法、光学素子、光学素子加工装置および光学素子加工方法 |
US09/142,400 US6255619B1 (en) | 1996-03-08 | 1997-03-10 | Lens, semiconductor laser element, device for machining the lens and element, process for producing semiconductor laser element, optical element, and device and method for machining optical element |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8094796 | 1996-03-08 | ||
JP8094896 | 1996-03-08 | ||
JP8/80948 | 1996-03-08 | ||
JP8/80947 | 1996-03-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997033352A1 true WO1997033352A1 (fr) | 1997-09-12 |
Family
ID=26421905
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1997/000743 WO1997033352A1 (fr) | 1996-03-08 | 1997-03-10 | Lentille, element laser a semi-conducteur, dispositif d'usinage de la lentille et de l'element, procede de fabrication de l'element laser a semi-conducteur, element optique et dispositif et procede d'usinage dudit element optique |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6255619B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0886352A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3877009B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1997033352A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11314184A (ja) * | 1998-04-30 | 1999-11-16 | Narukkusu Kk | 光学素子加工装置 |
JP2006066538A (ja) * | 2004-08-25 | 2006-03-09 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | 面発光レーザ光源の製造方法及び面発光レーザ光源 |
JP2010179367A (ja) * | 2009-02-05 | 2010-08-19 | Jenoptik Automatisierungstechnik Gmbh | 焦点位置を監視するための一体化センサ装置を備えたレーザ加工ヘッド |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1533649B1 (en) * | 1998-12-28 | 2016-04-20 | Kyocera Corporation | Liquid crystal display device |
US7079472B2 (en) * | 1999-06-23 | 2006-07-18 | Dphi Acquisitions, Inc. | Beamshaper for optical head |
US7227817B1 (en) | 1999-12-07 | 2007-06-05 | Dphi Acquisitions, Inc. | Low profile optical head |
US6730915B2 (en) * | 2002-04-15 | 2004-05-04 | Star Tech Instruments, Inc. | Position sensor for ultraviolet and deep ultraviolet beams |
US20050141583A1 (en) * | 2002-09-02 | 2005-06-30 | Torbjorn Sandstrom | Method and device for coherence reduction |
DE102004046542A1 (de) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-03-23 | Carl Zeiss Smt Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Einstellung optischer Abbildungseigenschaften durch Strahlungsbehandlung |
FR2884743B1 (fr) * | 2005-04-20 | 2007-07-20 | Impulsion Soc Par Actions Simp | Dispositif de micro-usinage par laser femtoseconde avec conformation dynamique de faisceau |
EP1764637A1 (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2007-03-21 | Interuniversitair Microelektronica Centrum | Methods and systems for optically coupling |
TWI410765B (zh) * | 2007-11-16 | 2013-10-01 | Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd | 直軸非球面鏡面加工系統及方法 |
EP2145720A1 (de) * | 2008-07-09 | 2010-01-20 | Bystronic Laser AG | Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Position eines Laserstrahls mit einem Messmittel zur Erfassung einer durch den Laserstrahl induzierten Deformation |
TW201544222A (zh) * | 2014-02-21 | 2015-12-01 | Panasonic Ip Man Co Ltd | 雷射加工裝置 |
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JPS62260104A (ja) * | 1986-05-06 | 1987-11-12 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | レンズの製造方法 |
JPH04364085A (ja) * | 1991-06-11 | 1992-12-16 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 半導体レーザの製造方法 |
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JPH0811224A (ja) * | 1994-06-29 | 1996-01-16 | Machida Endscope Co Ltd | マイクロレンズの製造方法及び製造装置 |
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US4734558A (en) * | 1983-05-16 | 1988-03-29 | Nec Corporation | Laser machining apparatus with controllable mask |
US5258791A (en) * | 1990-07-24 | 1993-11-02 | General Electric Company | Spatially resolved objective autorefractometer |
US5243195A (en) * | 1991-04-25 | 1993-09-07 | Nikon Corporation | Projection exposure apparatus having an off-axis alignment system and method of alignment therefor |
JP3255469B2 (ja) * | 1992-11-30 | 2002-02-12 | 三菱電機株式会社 | レーザ薄膜形成装置 |
JP3209641B2 (ja) * | 1994-06-02 | 2001-09-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 光加工装置及び方法 |
US5585019A (en) * | 1995-03-10 | 1996-12-17 | Lumonics Inc. | Laser machining of a workpiece through adjacent mask by optical elements creating parallel beams |
US5541731A (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 1996-07-30 | International Business Machines Corporation | Interferometric measurement and alignment technique for laser scanners |
JPH1147965A (ja) * | 1997-05-28 | 1999-02-23 | Komatsu Ltd | レーザ加工装置 |
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1997
- 1997-03-10 JP JP53167697A patent/JP3877009B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-10 WO PCT/JP1997/000743 patent/WO1997033352A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-03-10 EP EP97906866A patent/EP0886352A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-03-10 US US09/142,400 patent/US6255619B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JPS62260104A (ja) * | 1986-05-06 | 1987-11-12 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | レンズの製造方法 |
JPH04364085A (ja) * | 1991-06-11 | 1992-12-16 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 半導体レーザの製造方法 |
JPH07115244A (ja) * | 1993-10-19 | 1995-05-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | 半導体レーザー及びその製造方法 |
JPH0811224A (ja) * | 1994-06-29 | 1996-01-16 | Machida Endscope Co Ltd | マイクロレンズの製造方法及び製造装置 |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11314184A (ja) * | 1998-04-30 | 1999-11-16 | Narukkusu Kk | 光学素子加工装置 |
JP2006066538A (ja) * | 2004-08-25 | 2006-03-09 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | 面発光レーザ光源の製造方法及び面発光レーザ光源 |
JP2010179367A (ja) * | 2009-02-05 | 2010-08-19 | Jenoptik Automatisierungstechnik Gmbh | 焦点位置を監視するための一体化センサ装置を備えたレーザ加工ヘッド |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6255619B1 (en) | 2001-07-03 |
EP0886352A4 (en) | 2006-02-08 |
EP0886352A1 (en) | 1998-12-23 |
JP3877009B2 (ja) | 2007-02-07 |
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