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WO1997034079A1 - Generateur de gaz a pistons libres - Google Patents

Generateur de gaz a pistons libres Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997034079A1
WO1997034079A1 PCT/NO1997/000071 NO9700071W WO9734079A1 WO 1997034079 A1 WO1997034079 A1 WO 1997034079A1 NO 9700071 W NO9700071 W NO 9700071W WO 9734079 A1 WO9734079 A1 WO 9734079A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
gas generator
free
chamber
cylinder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1997/000071
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Rolf Kvamsdal
Magnar FØRDE
Original Assignee
Kvaerner Asa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kvaerner Asa filed Critical Kvaerner Asa
Publication of WO1997034079A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997034079A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B71/00—Free-piston engines; Engines without rotary main shaft
    • F02B71/04—Adaptations of such engines for special use; Combinations of such engines with apparatus driven thereby
    • F02B71/06—Free-piston combustion gas generators per se
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a free-piston gas generator with at least one cylinder and a piston whose ends together with the cylinder define a combustion chamber and a buffer chamber respectively, and where a piston compressor with a compression chamber supply compressed air to the combustion chamber.
  • free-piston gas generators of the above-mentioned type where a first section of the cylinder and the piston define the buffer chamber and a second section of the cylinder and the piston define the compressor chamber.
  • the free-piston gas generator's cylinder and piston are therefore relatively complicated and hence expensive to produce.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a free-piston gas generator of the type mentioned in the introduction which is not encumbered with these disadvantages.
  • the free-piston gas generator comprises a cylinder 2 with a first section 4 and a second section 6 with a larger diameter than the first section. Furthermore, the cylinder has a top section 8 and a bottom section 10.
  • an exhaust valve 12 which is operated by an actuator device 14, which may be driven hydraulically or electrically in the same way as further actuator devices which will be described below.
  • an inlet valve 16 and an outlet valve 18 which may be operated by similar respective actuator devices 20,22, for opening or closing of an inlet opening and an outlet opening 24 and 26 respectively.
  • a lower area of the first cylinder section 4 is surrounded by an inlet manifold 28.
  • a duct 30 connects the outlet opening 26 to the inlet manifold 28.
  • In the first cylinder section 4 there is further provided an inlet passage 32, whereby the space in the cylinder can communicate with the inlet manifold 28.
  • a fuel injection nozzle 34 whereby fuel, e.g. diesel oil, can be injected into the internal space of the first cylinder section 4.
  • This nozzle can be variable and operated by an actuator device 36.
  • a piston 42 with a first end section 44 and a second end section 46 whose diameters are adapted to the first and the second cylinder section 4,6 respectively and which extend thereinto.
  • a cylindrical raised portion 38 Centrally and axially outwards from the end of the second piston end section 46 there projects a cylindrical raised portion 38 and in the cylinder's bottom section 10 there is provided a recess 40, whose cross section is adapted to the cross section of the raised portion 48, and in which it can be substantially sealingly received by moving the piston towards the bottom section 10.
  • the upper and the lower end of the cylinder 2 and the piston 42 define a combustion chamber 60 and a buffer chamber 62 respectively.
  • a chamber 64 which is located above the second end section 46 of the piston 42, but below the first section 4 of the cylinder, is ventilated to the ambient air via an opening 64.
  • the free-piston gas generator works as follows, assuming that the piston 42 initially is located near the top section 8, the exhaust valve 12 and the inlet valve 16 are closed, and the outlet valve 18 is open.
  • the piston 42 is first moved downwards, e.g. by pushing the rod 50 downwards by suitable, known per se means (not shown). During the piston's downward movement air which is located in the buffer chamber 62 is compressed and forced into the inlet manifold 28.
  • the buffer chamber thereby acts like a compression chamber of a known per se type, from which air at a certain pressure is supplied to the combustion chamber and purges it.
  • the exhaust valve 12 and the outlet valve 18 are then closed, whereupon the pressure of the air in the buffer chamber is progressively increased until the force of the pressure exerted by this air upwards towards the piston has become so great that the piston is stopped, i.e. a lower dead centre position is reached.
  • the air pressure in the buffer chamber has then reached its maximum value.
  • the buffer chamber is therefore formed from the compression chamber's dead space.
  • the piston By releasing the rod 50 the piston then receives a powerful acceleration upwards while at the same time the air in the combustion chamber 60 is compressed. When the upper edge of the piston during the upward movement of the latter has passed the inlet passage 32, the latter is closed. After the piston 42 has been moved a further distance upwards, the inlet valve 16 is opened to enable air be drawn into the buffer chamber 62.
  • the closing time for the inlet valve 16 the filling of air in the buffer chamber can be regulated for controlling the output of the gas generator.
  • the exhaust valve 12 is opened.
  • the inlet valve 18 is then also opened when the pressure has been sufficiently reduced to enable the combustion chamber to be purged.
  • exhaust gas is first released at high temperature and high pressure from the combustion chamber 60 to be supplied to a consumer in a known per se manner, e.g. for operation of a turbine (not shown), whereupon the combustion chamber is purged.
  • the outlet valve 18 and the exhaust valve 12 are then closed.
  • the free-piston gas generator's cycle is constantly repeated as mentioned above from this piston position.
  • An accumulator 76 may be provided which is connected to the buffer chamber 62 via a duct 78.
  • a shut-off valve 80 In the duct 78 there is provided a shut-off valve 80, and between this shut-off valve 80 and the buffer chamber 62 a line 82 branches off from the duct 78, in which there is provided a shut-off valve 84.
  • the shut-off valves 80 and 84 may be controlled by respective actuator devices 86,88.
  • the pressure in the buffer chamber 62 can thereby be further controlled, since air can be admitted into the buffer chamber via the shut-off valve 80 while the valve 84 is closed, or air can be released from the buffer chamber 62 via the valve 84 while the valve 80 is closed.
  • the free-piston gas generator's characteristic i.e. the piston's speed, frequency, stroke length, exhaust flow etc. can be controlled by controlling the injection nozzle 34, the valves' closing and opening times, etc.
  • All actuator devices 14,22,24,36,72,86,88 can be controlled by a programmable, electronic control device 90 via a wire network 90.
  • the sensor 54 is also connected to the control device 90.
  • the control device 90 establishes whether the amount of energy in the buffer chamber is sufficiently great to enable the piston to again be accelerated upwards as mentioned above after having reached a lower dead centre position. It this is not the case, the necessary measures are implemented.
  • the buffer chamber 62 of the gas generator acts as a compression chamber for compression of the air which has to be supplied to the combustion chamber during the piston's introductory movement downwards while the inlet valve 16 is closed. After the outlet valve 18 has been closed, the chamber's function as a buffer chamber is resumed.
  • a collecting c ⁇ amber 66 which is connected via a duct 68 to the inlet manifold 28.
  • a shut-off valve 70 which can be controlled by means of an actuator device 72. The temperature and the pressure of the exhaust gas which is supplied from the free-piston gas generator can thereby be varied.
  • a free-piston gas generator is described above with only one cylinder and one piston, it will be understood that it can comprise a number of cylinders, where a double piston is provided in each cylinder as illustrated in fig. 1.
  • the cylinders can be disposed and the pistons' phases can be shifted in relation to each other in such a manner that the gas generator is dynamically balanced to the greatest possible extent.
  • the cylinders can be arranged in one row or in several rows ("twin" or "multibank”).
  • a known arrangement which entails complete balance comprises cylinders in tandem with opposing cylinders. In this case the number of cylinders is then without significance.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un générateur de gaz à pistons libres, doté d'un cylindre (29 et d'un piston (42) dont les extrémités définissent avec le cylindre (2) respectivement une chambre de combustion (60) et une chambre tampon (62). Ledit générateur comprend également un compresseur à piston et une chambre de compression alimentant la chambre de combustion en air comprimé. La chambre tampon (62) est dotée d'ouvertures d'entrée et de sortie (24, 26) et forme la chambre de compression.
PCT/NO1997/000071 1996-03-12 1997-03-11 Generateur de gaz a pistons libres WO1997034079A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO961015A NO961015L (no) 1996-03-12 1996-03-12 Fristempelgassgenerator
NO961015 1996-03-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997034079A1 true WO1997034079A1 (fr) 1997-09-18

Family

ID=19899142

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1997/000071 WO1997034079A1 (fr) 1996-03-12 1997-03-11 Generateur de gaz a pistons libres

Country Status (2)

Country Link
NO (1) NO961015L (fr)
WO (1) WO1997034079A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2324830C1 (ru) * 2006-07-19 2008-05-20 Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков Свободнопоршневой генератор газов прямоточного двигателя с одним поршнем привода компрессора
RU2327043C1 (ru) * 2006-12-27 2008-06-20 Закрытое акционерное общество "Метанол и азотные процессы" Свободнопоршневая машина
GB2480461A (en) * 2010-05-19 2011-11-23 Rikard Mikalsen Free-piston internal combustion engine
RU2451802C1 (ru) * 2011-03-11 2012-05-27 Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков Способ оптимизации процесса расширения продуктов сгорания в цилиндре поршневого двигателя с питанием рабочим телом от свободнопоршневого генератора газов с внешней камерой сгорания
RU2503838C1 (ru) * 2012-07-19 2014-01-10 Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков Способ увеличения момента силы на валу отбора мощности поршневого двигателя с питанием рабочим телом от свободнопоршневого генератора газов с общей внешней камерой сгорания

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2939273A (en) * 1956-08-24 1960-06-07 Janicke Hermann Method and apparatus for starting free-piston engines
US2981242A (en) * 1959-03-02 1961-04-25 John G Macdonald Free piston gas generator
GB2214569A (en) * 1988-01-21 1989-09-06 Barry John Rymer Free-piston I.C engine
US5363651A (en) * 1993-07-12 1994-11-15 Knight Arthur G Free piston internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2939273A (en) * 1956-08-24 1960-06-07 Janicke Hermann Method and apparatus for starting free-piston engines
US2981242A (en) * 1959-03-02 1961-04-25 John G Macdonald Free piston gas generator
GB2214569A (en) * 1988-01-21 1989-09-06 Barry John Rymer Free-piston I.C engine
US5363651A (en) * 1993-07-12 1994-11-15 Knight Arthur G Free piston internal combustion engine

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2324830C1 (ru) * 2006-07-19 2008-05-20 Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков Свободнопоршневой генератор газов прямоточного двигателя с одним поршнем привода компрессора
RU2327043C1 (ru) * 2006-12-27 2008-06-20 Закрытое акционерное общество "Метанол и азотные процессы" Свободнопоршневая машина
GB2480461A (en) * 2010-05-19 2011-11-23 Rikard Mikalsen Free-piston internal combustion engine
GB2480461B (en) * 2010-05-19 2012-10-10 Univ Newcastle Free piston internal combustion engine
US9032918B2 (en) 2010-05-19 2015-05-19 University Of Newcastle Upon Tyne Free-piston internal combustion engine
RU2451802C1 (ru) * 2011-03-11 2012-05-27 Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков Способ оптимизации процесса расширения продуктов сгорания в цилиндре поршневого двигателя с питанием рабочим телом от свободнопоршневого генератора газов с внешней камерой сгорания
RU2503838C1 (ru) * 2012-07-19 2014-01-10 Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков Способ увеличения момента силы на валу отбора мощности поршневого двигателя с питанием рабочим телом от свободнопоршневого генератора газов с общей внешней камерой сгорания

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO961015D0 (no) 1996-03-12
NO961015L (no) 1997-09-15

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