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WO1997039097A1 - Amido- and imido- peroxycarboxylic acid bleach granules - Google Patents

Amido- and imido- peroxycarboxylic acid bleach granules Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997039097A1
WO1997039097A1 PCT/EP1997/001459 EP9701459W WO9739097A1 WO 1997039097 A1 WO1997039097 A1 WO 1997039097A1 EP 9701459 W EP9701459 W EP 9701459W WO 9739097 A1 WO9739097 A1 WO 9739097A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
acid
surfactant
group
bleach
peroxycarboxylic acid
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1997/001459
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Philip Alan Block
Samuel Qcheng Lin
Robert Madeira Andrews
Scott David Manske
Original Assignee
Unilever N.V.
Unilever Plc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US08/699,314 external-priority patent/US5770551A/en
Application filed by Unilever N.V., Unilever Plc filed Critical Unilever N.V.
Priority to AU22903/97A priority Critical patent/AU2290397A/en
Publication of WO1997039097A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997039097A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3945—Organic per-compounds

Definitions

  • the invention concerns bleach granules, compositions and a method for cleaning colored fabrics without causing localized dye damage.
  • Peroxyacid granulation has been the subject of much research.
  • the literature has described a variety of ways to improve chemical stability, prolong storage life and enhance releasability.
  • US Patent 5,049,298 inhibits peroxyacid decomposition through co-granulation with a hydratable inorganic material.
  • Diperoxydodecanedioic acid (“DPDA”) and N,N- phthaloylaminoperoxycaproic acid (“PAP”) are typical of the peroxyacids.
  • DPDA diperoxydodecanedioic acid
  • PAP N,N- phthaloylaminoperoxycaproic acid
  • Binders such as lauric acid or sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate (“LAS”) are added to enhance cohesiveness.
  • US Patent 4,909,953 stabilizes amidoperoxyacids, especially the monononylamide of peroxysuccinic acid (“NAPSA”) and the monononylamide of peroxyadipic acid (“NAPAA”) by contact with a phosphate buffer solution.
  • a related disclosure is US Patent 5,055,218 which describes bleach granules of NAPAA and linear alkyl benzene sulfonate paste.
  • US Patent 4,126,573 reports avoidance of fabric dye damage by forming granules having a peroxyacid particle as an inner core surrounded by an outer coating of a surfactant compound.
  • the process involves dissolving a surfactant such as LAS in water followed by dispersing finely divided DPDA and subsequent drying of the mixture.
  • a surfactant such as LAS
  • DPDA finely divided DPDA
  • This technology area is crowded for reasons that small process or formulation changes can have significant impact upon the resultant bleach particles.
  • Most of the related art has focused upon stabilizing peroxy acid against decomposition. Relatively little attention has been given to the equally serious problem of localized dye damage.
  • Amido- and imidoperoxy acids are generally more storage stable than their equivalent non-nitrogen containing analogues. However they do suffer from the localized dye damage problem. The problem occurs during hand or machine washing when high concentrations of dissolved peracid come into contact with fabric surfaces prior to agitation. Previous attempts to control the problem through particle size and co-granulated/binder systems have generally been unsuccess ul .
  • a bleach granule including from 20 to 100% by weight of an intimate mixture of :
  • a surfactant (ii) a surfactant, the peroxycarboxylic acid and surfactant being present in a weight ratio from 20:0 to 1:20.
  • a bleach composition including:
  • a bleach granule including from 20 to 100% by weight of an intimate mixture of : (i) an amido or imido C 4 -C 30 peroxycarboxylic acid and (ii) a surfactant, the peroxycarboxylic acid an surfactant being present in a weight ratio from 20:1 to 1:20; and
  • a method for bleaching a stained substrate including contacting the stained substrate in an aqueous medium with a bleach granule formed from 60 to 100% by weight of an intimate mixture of an amido or imido C 4 -C 30 peroxycarboxylic acid and a surfactant, the peroxycarboxylic acid and surfactant being dosed into a weight ratio from 20:1 to 1:20, the bleach granule being dosed into the aqueous medium to provide peroxycarboxylic acid at a level from 0.05 to 100 ppm active oxygen.
  • a method for preparing a bleach granule is also provided involving the steps of :
  • the process is best performed either in the absence or with relatively small amounts of water. These amounts will usually be less than the combined amounts of peroxycarboxylic acid and surfactant, most especially amounts less than 15% by weight .
  • Peroxyacids of the present invention may be selected from mono- or di- percarboxylic amido or imido acids.
  • the mono- percarboxylic acids are of the general formula:
  • R is selected from the group consisting of C ⁇ -C ⁇ alkyl, C ⁇ -C ⁇ cycloalkyl and C 6 -C 12 aryl radicals;
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C ⁇ -C 16 alkyl, C ⁇ C ⁇ cycloalkyl and C 6 -C 12 aryl radicals
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1 -C 16 alkyl, C x -C 16 cycloalkyl and C 6 -C 12 aryl radicals and a carbonyl radical that can form a ring together with R;
  • R 3 is selected from the group consisting of C x -C 16 alkylene
  • M is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and alkanolammonium cations and radicals.
  • the di-percarboxylic acids of the present invention may be of the general formula:
  • R 4 is selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 12 alkylene ,
  • R 5 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C ⁇ C ⁇ alkyl and C 6 -C 12 aryl radicals and a carbonyl radical that can form a ring together with R 3 ;
  • R 6 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C x -C 16 alkyl and C 6 -C 12 aryl radicals and a radical that can form a
  • R 3 is selected from the group consisting of C ⁇ -C ⁇ alkylene ,
  • n 1 and n" each are an integer chosen such that the sum thereof is 1
  • m and m' each are an integer chosen such that the sum thereof is 1;
  • M is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and alkanolammonium cations and radicals.
  • the most preferred peroxyacids are N,N- phthaloylaminoperoxycaproic acid (PAP) ; monononylamide of either peroxysuccinic acid (NAPSA) or peroxyadipic acid (NAPAA) ; and N,N' -terephthaloyl-di (6-aminoperoxycaproic acid) (TPCAP) .
  • Amounts of the amido or imido peroxycarboxylic acid in the granule may range from 25 to 95%, preferably from 40 to 80% by weight .
  • Intimately mixed with the amido or imido peroxyacids will be a surfactant to ensure against dye damage to colors on the cloth subjected to bleaching.
  • the surfactant may be naturally derived, such as soap or certain synthetic material selected from anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic, cationic actives and mixtures thereof.
  • the total level of the surfactant in the granule may range up to 90% by weight, preferably being from 1% to 50%, most preferably from 8 to 20%.
  • the synthetic anionic surfactants will be water- soluble alkali metal salts of organic sulfates and sulfonates having alkyl radicals containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, the term alkyl being used to include the alkyl portion of higher aryl radicals.
  • the preferred anionic surfactants are sodium (C 1:l -C 15 ) alkylbenzene sulphonates and sodium (C 16 -C 18 ) alkyl sulfates.
  • the acid form of sulfuric and sulfonic surfactants have proved effective.
  • Illustrative is the linear secondary alkyl C 10 -C 15 benzene sulfonic acid, found more effective than its sodium salt form.
  • nonionic surfactants are the alkyl polyglucosides, fatty acid sugar amides (e.g. methyl glucamides) and C 18 -C 8 alkyl di-C ⁇ C-, alkyl tertiary amine oxides or C 18 -C 12 fatty amidopropyl di-C ⁇ C ? alkyl tertiary amine oxides, the amine oxides being preferred.
  • the ratio of peroxycarboxylic acid to surfactant will usually range from 20:1 to 1:20, preferably from 10:1 to 1:1, optimally from 2:1 to 7:1 by weight.
  • Bleach granulations of this invention may optionally contain at least one granulate adjunct such as a stabilizer, exotherm control agent or binder.
  • the stabilizers may be phosphate or phosphonate chelants (e.g. Dequest ® ) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Amounts of these materials may range from 0.1 to 20% by weight of the granule. Exotherm control agents may be included to prevent autodecomposition of the peroxyacid. Amounts of the exotherm control agent may range from 1 to 80% by weight. Suitable examples of such agents are boric acid, citric acid and hydrated inorganic salts (e.g. magnesium sulfate) . In certain instances it is advantageous not to include hydrated inorganic salts such as sodium sulfate, at least in amounts limited to below 10% by weight.
  • hydrated inorganic salts such as sodium sulfate
  • Binders for the granule may be fatty acids (e.g. lauric acid) , polyacrylates and mixtures of these. Amounts of binder may range from 0.1 to 10% by weight.
  • Bleach compositions of the present invention which incorporate the bleach granules will also include a builder.
  • Builders may be selected from calcium sequestrant materials, precipitating materials, calcium ion-exchange materials and mixtures thereof. Illustrative are sodium or potassium tripolyphophosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, tartrate mono- and di- succinates, oxydisuccinate, crystalline or amorphous alumino silicates (i.e. zeolites) and mixtures thereof.
  • Amounts of the builder may range from 1 to 80% by weight, preferably from 10 to 60%. Fabrics and other stained substrates may be cleaned by dispersal of the bleach granule in an aqueous medium.
  • the bleach granule should be dosed at levels to achieve peroxycarboxylic acid concentrations that range from 0.05 to 100 ppm, preferably from 2 to 50 ppm in the medium.
  • the amount of builder may range from about 0.1 to 3.0 grams per liter of aqueous medium.
  • a series of granules according to the present invention were prepared by mixing the peroxycarboxylic acid bleach known as PAP with dimethyl C 16 alkyl amine oxide.
  • PAP peroxycarboxylic acid bleach
  • dimethyl C 16 alkyl amine oxide was formulated at 50% while the level of amine oxide to PAP was varied in weight ratio.
  • the granules further included approximately 1% binder (secondary alkane sulfonate and polyacrylic acid) with the remainder of the composition being citric acid.
  • a mixture of the bleach granule and a commercial detergent powder were placed at the center of a sulfur dye test cloth of either black or prune color.
  • a piece of cotton ballast was rolled into a tube and placed on top of the bleach granules. The sides of the test cloth were then raised so that the granules sat within a valley of the test cloth, with the ballast cloth tube entrapping the granules.
  • This bundle was then placed in the bottom of a terg-o-tometer pot, with the remaining pieces of ballast cloths placed on top. Water was slowly added to the pot. A soak period of 30 minutes at 25°C was followed by 2 minutes of agitation (100 rpm) . The target active oxygen level was 5 ppm.
  • the test cloths were then rinsed and air dried. This test was meant to simulate entrapment of the bleach granule/detergent at the bottom of a hand wash bowl or in a washing machine. Wash conditions and materials are as outlined below.
  • the reflectance of the dye damage monitor cloths was measured using the Colorgard System /05 (manufacturer: BYK Gardner), set to the CIE Lab scale; where is a measure of the
  • subscript f represents the fabric after application of the PAP containing detergent
  • subscript i represents the untreated fabric

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

A bleach granule is provided with 20-100 % being an intimate mixture of an amido or imido C2-C30 peroxy acid and a surfactant, in a weight ratio of 20:1 to 1:20. The most preferred peroxyacids are N,N-phthaloylaminoperoxycaproic acid (PAP); monononylamide of either peroxysuccinic acid (NAPSA) or peroxyadipic acid (NAPAA) and N,N'-terephthaloyldi (6-aminoperoxycaproic acid) (TPCAP). Localized dye damage from the peroxy acid bleach is prevented by the presence of the surfactant. Bleach compositions and a method for cleaning a stained substrate with the bleach granule are also described.

Description

AMIDO- AND IMTDO- PEROXYCARBOXYLTC ACID BLEACH GRANULES
Field of the invention
The invention concerns bleach granules, compositions and a method for cleaning colored fabrics without causing localized dye damage.
The Related Art
Peroxyacid granulation has been the subject of much research. The literature has described a variety of ways to improve chemical stability, prolong storage life and enhance releasability. US Patent 5,049,298 inhibits peroxyacid decomposition through co-granulation with a hydratable inorganic material. Diperoxydodecanedioic acid ("DPDA") and N,N- phthaloylaminoperoxycaproic acid ("PAP") are typical of the peroxyacids. These are granulated with sodium sulphate, the preferred hydratable inorganic material. Binders such as lauric acid or sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate ("LAS") are added to enhance cohesiveness. US Patent 4,909,953 stabilizes amidoperoxyacids, especially the monononylamide of peroxysuccinic acid ("NAPSA") and the monononylamide of peroxyadipic acid ("NAPAA") by contact with a phosphate buffer solution. A related disclosure is US Patent 5,055,218 which describes bleach granules of NAPAA and linear alkyl benzene sulfonate paste. US Patent 4,126,573 reports avoidance of fabric dye damage by forming granules having a peroxyacid particle as an inner core surrounded by an outer coating of a surfactant compound. The process involves dissolving a surfactant such as LAS in water followed by dispersing finely divided DPDA and subsequent drying of the mixture. Clearly this technology area is crowded for reasons that small process or formulation changes can have significant impact upon the resultant bleach particles. Most of the related art has focused upon stabilizing peroxy acid against decomposition. Relatively little attention has been given to the equally serious problem of localized dye damage.
Amido- and imidoperoxy acids are generally more storage stable than their equivalent non-nitrogen containing analogues. However they do suffer from the localized dye damage problem. The problem occurs during hand or machine washing when high concentrations of dissolved peracid come into contact with fabric surfaces prior to agitation. Previous attempts to control the problem through particle size and co-granulated/binder systems have generally been unsuccess ul .
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide bleach granules, compositions and a method employing amido-and imidoperoxycarboxylic acids for cleaning stains that overcome the localized dye damage problem. It is another object of the present invention to provide amido- and imidoperoxycarboxylic acid containing bleach granules that not only can avoid localized dye damage but are also rapidly releasable in wash media so they can be quickly active against stains .
These and other objects of the present invention will become more apparent by consideration of the following summary, detailed description and examples.
Summary of the invention
Now it has been discovered that localized dye damage can be averted by intimately dry mixing of amido- or imidoperoxy acid particles with a surfactant to form a bleach granule. More specifically, the invention provides:
A bleach granule including from 20 to 100% by weight of an intimate mixture of :
(i) an amido or imido C4-C30 peroxycarboxylic acid; and
(ii) a surfactant, the peroxycarboxylic acid and surfactant being present in a weight ratio from 20:0 to 1:20.
Furthermore, a bleach composition is provided, including:
(a) from 0.5 to 30% by weight of a bleach granule including from 20 to 100% by weight of an intimate mixture of : (i) an amido or imido C4-C30 peroxycarboxylic acid and (ii) a surfactant, the peroxycarboxylic acid an surfactant being present in a weight ratio from 20:1 to 1:20; and
(b) from 1 to 80% by weight of a builder.
A method is also provided for bleaching a stained substrate, the method including contacting the stained substrate in an aqueous medium with a bleach granule formed from 60 to 100% by weight of an intimate mixture of an amido or imido C4-C30 peroxycarboxylic acid and a surfactant, the peroxycarboxylic acid and surfactant being dosed into a weight ratio from 20:1 to 1:20, the bleach granule being dosed into the aqueous medium to provide peroxycarboxylic acid at a level from 0.05 to 100 ppm active oxygen.
A method for preparing a bleach granule is also provided involving the steps of :
(i) intimately mixing an amido- or imidoperoxycarboxylic acid and a surfactant to form a granulated mixture; (ii) optionally combining with the mixture from 0.1 to 80% of a granulate adjunct, the ratio of peroxycarboxylic acid to surfactant ranging from 20:1 to 1:20 and the mixture constituting from 20 to 100% by weight of the granule .
The process is best performed either in the absence or with relatively small amounts of water. These amounts will usually be less than the combined amounts of peroxycarboxylic acid and surfactant, most especially amounts less than 15% by weight .
Detailed description
Peroxyacids of the present invention may be selected from mono- or di- percarboxylic amido or imido acids. The mono- percarboxylic acids are of the general formula:
RRlN)nC(NR2)m-R3—COOM (I) wherein:
R is selected from the group consisting of C^-C^ alkyl, C^-C^ cycloalkyl and C6-C12 aryl radicals;
R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, Cα-C16 alkyl, C^C^ cycloalkyl and C6-C12 aryl radicals; R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C16 alkyl, Cx-C16 cycloalkyl and C6-C12 aryl radicals and a carbonyl radical that can form a ring together with R;
R3 is selected from the group consisting of Cx-C16 alkylene,
C5-C12 cycloalkylene and C6-C12 arylene radicals; n and m are integers whose sum is 1; and
M is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and alkanolammonium cations and radicals. The di-percarboxylic acids of the present invention may be of the general formula:
O O 0 O
MOOCR4(R5N)n'C(NR6)n»—R3 (R6N)mC(NR5)m-R4C00M
(II)
wherein:
R4 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C12 alkylene ,
C5-C12 cycloalkylene , C6-C12 arylene and radical combinations thereof ;
R5 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C^C^ alkyl and C6-C12 aryl radicals and a carbonyl radical that can form a ring together with R3;
R6 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, Cx-C16 alkyl and C6-C12 aryl radicals and a radical that can form a
C3-C12 ring together with R3 ; R3 is selected from the group consisting of C^-C^ alkylene ,
C5-C12 cycloalkylene and C6- C12 arylene radicals ; n1 and n" each are an integer chosen such that the sum thereof is 1; m and m' each are an integer chosen such that the sum thereof is 1; and
M is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and alkanolammonium cations and radicals.
The most preferred peroxyacids are N,N- phthaloylaminoperoxycaproic acid (PAP) ; monononylamide of either peroxysuccinic acid (NAPSA) or peroxyadipic acid (NAPAA) ; and N,N' -terephthaloyl-di (6-aminoperoxycaproic acid) (TPCAP) . Amounts of the amido or imido peroxycarboxylic acid in the granule may range from 25 to 95%, preferably from 40 to 80% by weight .
Intimately mixed with the amido or imido peroxyacids will be a surfactant to ensure against dye damage to colors on the cloth subjected to bleaching.
The surfactant may be naturally derived, such as soap or certain synthetic material selected from anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic, cationic actives and mixtures thereof. The total level of the surfactant in the granule may range up to 90% by weight, preferably being from 1% to 50%, most preferably from 8 to 20%.
Usually the synthetic anionic surfactants will be water- soluble alkali metal salts of organic sulfates and sulfonates having alkyl radicals containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, the term alkyl being used to include the alkyl portion of higher aryl radicals. The preferred anionic surfactants are sodium (C1:l-C15) alkylbenzene sulphonates and sodium (C16-C18) alkyl sulfates.
The acid form of sulfuric and sulfonic surfactants have proved effective. Illustrative is the linear secondary alkyl C10-C15 benzene sulfonic acid, found more effective than its sodium salt form.
Examples of suitable nonionic surfactants are the alkyl polyglucosides, fatty acid sugar amides (e.g. methyl glucamides) and C18-C8 alkyl di-C^C-, alkyl tertiary amine oxides or C18-C12 fatty amidopropyl di-C^C? alkyl tertiary amine oxides, the amine oxides being preferred.
The ratio of peroxycarboxylic acid to surfactant will usually range from 20:1 to 1:20, preferably from 10:1 to 1:1, optimally from 2:1 to 7:1 by weight.
Bleach granulations of this invention may optionally contain at least one granulate adjunct such as a stabilizer, exotherm control agent or binder.
The stabilizers may be phosphate or phosphonate chelants (e.g. Dequest®) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Amounts of these materials may range from 0.1 to 20% by weight of the granule. Exotherm control agents may be included to prevent autodecomposition of the peroxyacid. Amounts of the exotherm control agent may range from 1 to 80% by weight. Suitable examples of such agents are boric acid, citric acid and hydrated inorganic salts (e.g. magnesium sulfate) . In certain instances it is advantageous not to include hydrated inorganic salts such as sodium sulfate, at least in amounts limited to below 10% by weight.
Binders for the granule may be fatty acids (e.g. lauric acid) , polyacrylates and mixtures of these. Amounts of binder may range from 0.1 to 10% by weight.
Bleach compositions of the present invention which incorporate the bleach granules will also include a builder. Builders may be selected from calcium sequestrant materials, precipitating materials, calcium ion-exchange materials and mixtures thereof. Illustrative are sodium or potassium tripolyphophosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, tartrate mono- and di- succinates, oxydisuccinate, crystalline or amorphous alumino silicates (i.e. zeolites) and mixtures thereof. Amounts of the builder may range from 1 to 80% by weight, preferably from 10 to 60%. Fabrics and other stained substrates may be cleaned by dispersal of the bleach granule in an aqueous medium. The bleach granule should be dosed at levels to achieve peroxycarboxylic acid concentrations that range from 0.05 to 100 ppm, preferably from 2 to 50 ppm in the medium. The amount of builder may range from about 0.1 to 3.0 grams per liter of aqueous medium.
The following examples will more fully illustrate the embodiments of this invention. All parts, percentages and proportions referred to herein and in the appended claims are by weight unless otherwise illustrated.
EXAMPLE 1
A series of granules according to the present invention were prepared by mixing the peroxycarboxylic acid bleach known as PAP with dimethyl C16 alkyl amine oxide. PAP was formulated at 50% while the level of amine oxide to PAP was varied in weight ratio. The granules further included approximately 1% binder (secondary alkane sulfonate and polyacrylic acid) with the remainder of the composition being citric acid.
A mixture of the bleach granule and a commercial detergent powder were placed at the center of a sulfur dye test cloth of either black or prune color. A piece of cotton ballast was rolled into a tube and placed on top of the bleach granules. The sides of the test cloth were then raised so that the granules sat within a valley of the test cloth, with the ballast cloth tube entrapping the granules. This bundle was then placed in the bottom of a terg-o-tometer pot, with the remaining pieces of ballast cloths placed on top. Water was slowly added to the pot. A soak period of 30 minutes at 25°C was followed by 2 minutes of agitation (100 rpm) . The target active oxygen level was 5 ppm. The test cloths were then rinsed and air dried. This test was meant to simulate entrapment of the bleach granule/detergent at the bottom of a hand wash bowl or in a washing machine. Wash conditions and materials are as outlined below.
Conditions: 25°C
12 FH (3:1 Ca:Mg) liquor to cloth 20:1 terg at 100 rpm
Materials: sulfur dye test cloth (4" x 4") ; cotton ballast 0.6 g detergent base powder (1.2 g/L of wash liquor) ; 500 mL water bleach granule (dosed to deliver 5 ppm active oxygen in the wash)
The reflectance of the dye damage monitor cloths was measured using the Colorgard System /05 (manufacturer: BYK Gardner), set to the CIE Lab scale; where is a measure of the
"lightness", . represents the red/green scale, and b_ the yellow/blue scale. The instrument was calibrated with the standard black and standard white tiles. Each fabric was centered on the aperture at the point of greatest color change due to dye damage. Measurements were taken with the white tile as backing for each cloth. ΔE is calculated as:
ΔE = ((Lf - L 2 + (af - a,) 2 + (bf - b 2)
where the subscript f represents the fabric after application of the PAP containing detergent, and the subscript i represents the untreated fabric.
XA£ E_I ΔE 2 :1 3 :1 4 :1 5:1 6 :1 7:1 no amine oxide sulfur 7.45 6.74 5.98 4.49 8.20 13.16 20.24 black sulfur 16.07 12.83 19.03 8.48 14.67 18.95 17.55 prune
Higher values of ΔE indicate greater dye damage from localized contact by the peroxyacid bleach. Absent surfactant, there was extreme dye damage as seen in the average scores of 20.24 and 17.55 for black and prune dyed cloth. Use of PAP with amine oxide significantly reduced dye damage.
The foregoing description and Examples illustrate selected embodiments of the present invention. In light thereof, various modifications will be suggested to one skilled in the art, all of which are within the spirit and purview of this invention.

Claims

1. A bleach granule comprising 20-100% by weight of an intimate mixture of:
(i) an amido or imido C4-C30 peroxycarboxylic acid; and (ii) a surfactant, the peroxycarboxylic acid and surfactant being present in a weight ratio of 20:1 to 1:20.
2. The bleach granule according to claim 1 wherein the amido or imido peroxycarboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of an acid with structures I and II:
R(RlN)nC(NR2)m-R3—COOM (I)
wherein:
R is selected from the group consisting of C^C^ alkyl, ^ ^ cycloalkyl and C6-C12 aryl radicals;
R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C^C^ alkyl, C^C-^ cycloalkyl and C6-C12 aryl radicals;
R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C^C^ alkyl, C1-C16 cycloalkyl and C6-C12 aryl radicals and a carbonyl radical that can form a ring together with R;
R3 is selected from the group consisting of Cx-C16 alkylene,
C5-C12 cycloalkylene and C6-C12 arylene radicals; n and m are integers whose sum is 1;
M is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and alkanolammonium cations and radicals; and o o O o
MOOCR4(R5N)n ,C(NR6)n — R3 (R6N)mC(NR5)mlR4cOOM
(II)
wherein:
R4 is selected from the group consisting of C^C^ alkylene,
C5-C12 cycloalkylene, C6-C12 arylene and radical combinations thereof;
R5 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C-L-C^ alkyl and C6-C12 aryl radicals and a carbonyl radical that can form a ring together with R3;
R6 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C16 alkyl and C6-C12 aryl radicals and a radical that can form a
C3-C12 ring together with R3;
R3 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C12 alkylene,
C5-C12 cycloalkylene and C6-C12 arylene radicals; n1 and n" each are an integer chosen such that the sum thereof is 1; m and m' each are an integer chosen such that the sum thereof is 1; and
M is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and alkanolammonium cations and radicals.
3. The bleach granule according to claim 1 wherein the peroxycarboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of N,N-phthaloylaminoperoxycaproic acid (PAP) ; monononylamide of either peroxysuccinic acid (NAPSA) or peroxyadipic acid
(NAPAA); and N,N' -terephthaloyl-di (6-aminoperoxycaproic acid)
(TPCAP) .
4. The bleach granule according to claim 1 wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, an amine oxide and combinations thereof.
5. The bleach granule according to claim 4 wherein the surfactant is dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid.
6. The bleach granule according to claim 4 wherein the surfactant is an amine oxide selected from the group consisting of C18-C8 alkyl di-Ci-C, alkyl tertiary amine oxide and C18-C12 fatty amidopropyl di-C1-C7 alkyl tertiary amine oxide..
7. The bleach granule according to claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of percarboxylic acid to surfactant ranges from 10:1 to 1:1.
8. The bleach granule according to claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of percarboxylic acid to surfactant ranges from 7:1 to 2:1.
9. A bleach composition comprising:
(a) from 0.5 to 30% by weight of a bleach granule including from 20 to 100% by weight of an intimate mixture of: (i) an amido or imido C4-C30 peroxycarboxylic acid; and (ii) a surfactant, the peroxycarboxylic acid and surfactant being present in a weight ratio from 20:1 to 1:20; and (b) from 1 to 80% by weight of a builder.
10. A method for bleaching a stained substrate comprising contacting the stained substrate in an aqueous medium with a bleach granule formed from 20 to 100% by weight of an intimate mixture of an amido or imido C4-C30 peroxycarboxylic acid and a surfactant, the peroxycarboxylic acid and surfactant being present in a weight ratio from 20:1 to 1:20, the bleach granule being dosed into the aqueous medium to provide peroxycarboxylic acid at a level from 0.05 to 100 ppm.
11. A method for preparing a bleach granule comprising the steps of :
(i) intimately mixing an amido- or imidoperoxycarboxylic acid and a surfactant to form a granulated mixture;
(ii) optionally combining with the mixture from 0.1 to 20% of a granulate adjunct, the ratio of peroxycarboxylic acid to surfactant ranging from 20:1 to 1:20 and the mixture constituting from 20 to 100% by weight of the granule.
12. The method according to claim 11 wherein the intimate mixing step is performed in the absence of water or in amounts of water less than the combined amounts of peroxycarboxylic acid and surfactant.
PCT/EP1997/001459 1996-04-12 1997-03-20 Amido- and imido- peroxycarboxylic acid bleach granules WO1997039097A1 (en)

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US60/015,323 1996-04-12
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WO1999061572A1 (en) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-02 Unilever Plc Process and product for the treatment of textile fabrics
EP1760141A1 (en) * 2005-09-06 2007-03-07 SOLVAY (Société Anonyme) Coated peroxycarboxylic acid granules, process for their preparation and their use in detergent, bleach or disinfection applications
US7531498B2 (en) 2003-06-13 2009-05-12 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien (Henkel Kgaa) Peroxycarboxylic acid-based bleach compositions having a long shelf life

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US5049298A (en) * 1988-11-25 1991-09-17 Akzo Nv Process for the preparation of bleaching granules
US5055218A (en) * 1990-04-13 1991-10-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Bleach granules containing an amidoperoxyacid
EP0450587A2 (en) * 1990-04-06 1991-10-09 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Stable granules of peroxycarboxylic acid
US5098598A (en) * 1988-12-24 1992-03-24 Interox Chemicals Limited Percarboxylic acids
WO1992011238A2 (en) * 1990-12-22 1992-07-09 Solvay Interox Limited Peroxycarboxylic acids
WO1995003276A1 (en) * 1993-07-26 1995-02-02 Unilever N.V. Amido peroxycarboxylic acids for bleaching

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US5049298A (en) * 1988-11-25 1991-09-17 Akzo Nv Process for the preparation of bleaching granules
US5098598A (en) * 1988-12-24 1992-03-24 Interox Chemicals Limited Percarboxylic acids
EP0450587A2 (en) * 1990-04-06 1991-10-09 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Stable granules of peroxycarboxylic acid
US5055218A (en) * 1990-04-13 1991-10-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Bleach granules containing an amidoperoxyacid
WO1991016411A1 (en) * 1990-04-13 1991-10-31 The Procter & Gamble Company Bleach granules containing an amidoperoxyacid
WO1992011238A2 (en) * 1990-12-22 1992-07-09 Solvay Interox Limited Peroxycarboxylic acids
WO1995003276A1 (en) * 1993-07-26 1995-02-02 Unilever N.V. Amido peroxycarboxylic acids for bleaching

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999061572A1 (en) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-02 Unilever Plc Process and product for the treatment of textile fabrics
US7531498B2 (en) 2003-06-13 2009-05-12 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien (Henkel Kgaa) Peroxycarboxylic acid-based bleach compositions having a long shelf life
EP1760141A1 (en) * 2005-09-06 2007-03-07 SOLVAY (Société Anonyme) Coated peroxycarboxylic acid granules, process for their preparation and their use in detergent, bleach or disinfection applications
WO2007028806A1 (en) * 2005-09-06 2007-03-15 Solvay (Societe Anonyme) Coated peroxycarboxylic acid granules, process for their preparation and their use in detergent, bleach or disinfection applications

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