WO1998053033A1

WO1998053033A1 - Highly concentrated paste or gel-like substance for lubricating solutions containing amine, for use in the foodstuff industry

Info

Publication number: WO1998053033A1
Application number: PCT/EP1998/002848
Authority: WO
Inventors: Harald Kluschanzoff; Joachim Sauter
Original assignee: Henkel-Ecolab Gmbh & Co. Ohg
Priority date: 1997-05-23
Filing date: 1998-05-14
Publication date: 1998-11-26
Also published as: DE19721602A1; ZA984374B; AU7765798A

Abstract

The invention relates to a highly concentrated paste or gel-like substance for lubricating solutions containing amine, for use as chain lubricants in the foodstuff industry. The inventive concentrate contains at least 30 weight percent of one or several alkylamine compounds. The invention also relates to the production of said concentrate and the use thereof to produce an aqueous lubricating solution for lubricating conveyor belts in the foodstuff industry.

Description

"Paste or gel-shaped high concentrate for amine-containing lubricant solutions in the food industry"

The present invention relates to a paste-like or gel-like high concentrate for an aqueous lubricant solution based on fatty amines.

The invention further relates to a process for the production of the high concentrate and its use for the production of an aqueous lubricant solution as a chain lubricant in the food industry. In particular, it is used for the lubrication, cleaning and disinfection of automatic chain and belt lubrication systems used in the filling of foodstuffs, preferably beverages, in glass and plastic bottles, cans, glasses, barrels, beverage containers (KEG), paper and cardboard containers and the like become.

In bottle cellars and barrel cellars of beverage companies as well as in the filling of foodstuffs, plate conveyor belts or other conveyor systems are usually used for the transport of the corresponding containers, which are lubricated with suitable aqueous lubricant preparations via immersion lubrication systems or via automatic belt lubrication systems and kept clean.

While immersion lubrication systems pose hardly any problems with regard to the application properties when selecting the lubricant, it is precipitations of poorly soluble salts and microbiological deposits that can considerably disrupt the continuous operation of filling foodstuffs, especially beverages, in the nozzles and filters of the central lubrication systems, so that the systems must be switched off and cleaned after a certain period of operation. In addition to soap-based lubricants, mainly those based on fatty amines are currently used. For example, DE-A-36 31 953 describes a method for lubricating chain-shaped bottle conveyor belts in beverage bottling plants, particularly in breweries, and for cleaning the belts using a liquid cleaning agent, which is characterized in that the chain-shaped bottle conveyor belts are used with belt lubricants based on neutralized primary Lubricates fatty amines, which preferably have 12 to 18 carbon atoms and contain an unsaturated fraction of more than 10%.

From EP-A-0 372 628 are fatty amine derivatives of the formulas

-C0 ₂ H

known as a lubricant, wherein

Rl is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or linear alkyl group with 8 to 22 carbon atoms;

R ^ hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or

-A-NH ₂ ;

A is a linear or branched alkylene group with 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and

A represents a linear or branched alkylene group with 2 to 4 carbon atoms. In addition, DE-A-39 05 548 discloses lubricants based on N-alkylated fatty amine derivatives which contain at least one secondary and / or tertiary amine.

DE-A-42 06 506 discloses:

Soap-free lubricants based on amphoteric compounds, primary, secondary and / or tertiary amines and / or salts of such amines of the general formula (I), (Ha), (Ilb), (purple), (Illb), (IIIc), (IVa) and (IVb)

R ^J

R- [NH- (CH ₂ ) _n ] _m - N - R ³ - COOM (I)

R ⁴ -NH-R ⁵ (Ha)

R ⁴ -N + H ₂ -R ⁵ X ^" (Ilb)

R ⁴ -NH- (CH ₂ ) ₃ NH ₂ (purple)

R ⁴ -NH- (CH ₂ ) ₃ N ⁺ H _{3 x} - _(IIIb)

R ⁴ -N ⁺ H2- ( ^CH 2) 3 " ^{N +} H3 2Xr (IIIc)

R ⁴ -NR ⁷ R ⁸ (IVa) and / or R ⁴ -N ⁺ HR ⁷ R ⁸ X ^" (IVb)

in which

R is a saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated, linear or branched alkyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, which may be replaced by -OH, -NH ₂ , -NH-, -CO-, - (CH ₂ CH ₂ 0) _r or - (CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ 0) _} - may be substituted,

R ^{1 represents} hydrogen, an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a

Hydroxyalkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a radical -R ^ COOM

R ^ only if M represents a negative charge for hydrogen, an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a hydroxyalkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms,

R ^{3 is} a saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated, linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which may be replaced by -OH, -NH ₂ , -NH-, -CO-, - (CH ₂ CH ₂ 0) _r or - (CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ 0)! - can be substituted,

R ^{4 represents} a substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated alkyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, which may have at least one amine, imine, hydroxyl, halogen and / or carboxy radical as substituent, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl radical which may have at least one amine, imine, hydroxyl, halogen, carboxy and / or a linear or branched, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated alkyl radical with 6 to 22 C atoms as substituents,

R-> for hydrogen or - independently of R ⁴ - for a radical R ⁴ ,

X ^" for an anion from the group amidosulfonate, nitrate, halide, sulfate,

Hydrogen carbonate, carbonate, phosphate or R ^ -COO ^" stands, wherein R "for hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 20 C atoms or alkenyl radical having 2 to 20 C atoms, which may have at least one hydroxyl, amine or imine radical as substituents, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl radical, which may have an alkyl radical with 1 to 20 C atoms as a substituent, and

R ⁷ and R ° each independently of one another represent a substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl radical having 2 to 20 C atoms, which may have at least one hydroxyl, amine or imine radical as a substituent, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl radical which may have an alkyl radical with 1 to 20 C atoms as substituents, M for hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium, an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 C atoms

Atoms, a benzyl radical or a negative charge, n is an integer in the range from 1 to 12, m is an integer in the range from 0 to 5 and 1 is a number in the range from 0 to 5, containing alkyldimethylamine oxides and / or Alkyl oligoglycosides as non-ionic surfactants.

EP-B-629 234 discloses a lubricant combination consisting of a) one or more compounds of the formula R ¹ -N- (CH ₂ ) _n -COOM

R ^

in which

R * is a saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated, linear or branched alkyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, which can optionally be substituted by -OH, -NH ₂ , -NH-, -CO-, halogen or a carboxyl radical,

R2 for a carboxyl radical with 2 to 7 carbon atoms,

M for hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium, an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 C-

Atoms or a benzyl radical and n is an integer in the range from 1 to 6, b) at least one organic carboxylic acid selected from monobasic or polybasic, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated carboxylic acids having 2 to 22 carbon atoms, c) optionally water and Additives and / or auxiliaries.

WO 94/03562 describes a lubricant concentrate based on fatty amines and, if appropriate, customary diluents or auxiliaries or additives, characterized in that it contains at least one polyamine derivative of a fatty amine and / or a salt of such an amine, the proportion of said polyamine derivatives of Fatty amines in the total formulation is 1 to 100% by weight. According to a preferred embodiment of WO 94/03562, this lubricant concentrate contains at least one polyamine derivative of a fatty amine of the general formula

RA- (CH ₂ ) _k -NH - [(CH ₂ ) _r NH] _y - (CH ₂ ) _m -NH ₂ ^• (H ⁺ X ^" ) _n

in which

R is a substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated alkyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, the substituents being selected from amino, imino, hydroxy, halogen and carboxy, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl radical, where the Substituents are selected from amino, imino, hydroxyl, halogen, carboxy and a linear or branched, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated alkyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms;

A represents either -NH- or -O-,

X ^"is an anion of an inorganic or organic acid, k, 1, m is independently an integer in the range from 1 to 6; y in the case A = -NH- 0, 1, 2 or 3 and in the case A = - Is O- 1, 2, 3 or 4, n is an integer from 0 to 6.

In the documents referenced above, different classes of alkylamine derivatives are described which are suitable as a lubricating component in soap-free belt lubricants. Some of these documents state that the amine component in the lubricant concentrates can be present in a concentration range up to 100% by weight. However, no lubricant concentrates are specified in the exemplary embodiments, which contain more than 40% by weight of the amine component. According to the product descriptions, these lubricant concentrates are clear aqueous solutions which, for example according to EP-B-629 234, have a dynamic viscosity of less than 300 mPas. The preliminary literature contains no indication that amine-based lubricant concentrates in paste or gel form with a weight fraction of amine compounds or amine salts of more than 40% by weight are available. Furthermore, the preliminary literature contains no indication of how such concentrate pastes can be produced.

The object of the present invention is to provide lubricant concentrates for lubricant solutions containing amine as chain lubricants in the food industry in the form of paste-like or gel-like high concentrates which have a weight fraction of amine or amine salt of at least 30% by weight. Such high concentrates have, according to the liquid-aqueous concentrates of the prior art, the advantage that substantially less water has to be transported and as a result the transport effort is reduced. This brings economic and ecological advantages.

The present invention accordingly relates to a pasty or gel-like high concentrate for amine-containing lubricant solutions as chain lubricants in the food industry, containing at least 30% by weight of one or more alkylamine compounds selected from the groups

A) R-NH- (CH ₂ ) _r -NH ₂ (la) R-NH- (CH ₂ ) _r -N ⁺ H ₃ X ^" (lb)

RN ⁺ H ₂ - (CH ₂ ) _r -N ⁺ H ₃ 2X- ( ^lc ) '

B) R-NH - [(CH ₂ ) _r -NH] _y - (CH ₂ ) _m -NH ₂ (2a) R-NH - [(CH ₂ ) _r -NH] _y - (CH ₂ ) _m -NH ₂ (H ⁺ X ^" ) _n (2b)

C) RN- (CH ₂ ) _p -COOM

(CH ₂ ) _p -COOM (3a),

R-NH- (CH ₂ ) _p -COOM (3b)

D) CH ₃

R-N0 (CH ₂ ) _P -COOM (4a)

CH ₃

RC (0) -NH- (CH ₂ ) _r -N ⁺ - (CH ₂ ) _p -COOM (4b)

CH ₃

E) RN (CH ₃ ) ₂ (5)

where the radicals R each represent: a linear or branched, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated alkyl radical with 12 to 22 carbon atoms,

X ^" an equivalent of an anion from the group amidosulfonate, nitrate, halide, sulfate, hydrogen carbonate, carbonate, phosphate or carboxylate means, m, p, r, y independently represent an integer in the range from 1 to 6 and n represent an integer in the range from 1 to 2 + y and M represents hydrogen or an alkali metal ion.

The paste-like or gel-like high concentrates preferably contain at least 40% by weight of one or more alkylamine compounds from groups A) to E).

The alkylamine compounds which can be used for the purposes of this invention are all known in the prior art as components of lubricant solutions, as is evident from the literature cited at the beginning. In the general formulas 1 to 3 mentioned above, the following radicals are suitable as substituents R: n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n- Tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-heptadecyl, n-octadecyl, n-nonadecyl, n-eicosyl, n-uneicosyl and n-docosyl and the branched-chain isomers of the alkyl radicals mentioned. Instead of the saturated alkyl radicals, R can also mean the corresponding - mono- or poly-unsaturated alkyl radicals, which can also be linear or branched. The radicals mentioned above can also be substituted, one or more amine, imine, hydroxyl, halogen or carboxy groups being suitable as substituents.

In the formulas, r and m independently of one another are preferably the numbers 2 or 3. In the formulas la, lb, lc, 2a, 2b and 4b, values of 3 are preferred for r and / or m, ie alkylamine derivatives are preferably used Propylene groups. The index p is preferably 1 or 2, so that the amines are acetates or propionates. P in formulas 3a and 3b is preferably 2, in formulas 4a and 4b preferably 1. In the formulas 2a and 2b, y preferably denotes 1, 2 or 3. Accordingly, triamines (y = 1), tetraamines (y = 2) and pentaamines (y = 3) are particularly preferred.

Since the lubricant concentrates are preferably adjusted so that they have a pH of about 4 to about 8, preferably from about 5 to about 7 and in particular in the range around 6.5 after the required dilution with water to the application concentration, the alkylamine compounds are used preferably at least partially in salt form. As the associated anions, carboxyl ions are preferably chosen. Carboxylate anions R ^ COO ^" are preferred, the radical R ^{1 being} H, CH ₃ , C ₂ H ₅ , CH ₂ (OH), CH ₃ CH ₂ (OH), CO (OH) or such a group that H ⁺ X ^"represents malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid or an acid from the group HOOC- (CH ₂ ) _{2 3 4} -COOH. Acetations are particularly preferred.

If desired, the paste-like or gel-like high concentrates, in addition to the alkylamine compounds or their salts, can additionally contain a total of about 0.1 to about 15% by weight of sodium and / or potassium salts of carboxylic acids, preferably carboxylic acids R'-COOH, where R ^{1 is} the has the last meaning given above. The presence of such sodium and / or potassium salts in the lubricant solutions to be prepared from the high concentrates by dilution with water has the advantage that the active substance concentration in the application solutions can be controlled and adjusted by the increased electrical conductivity of the application solutions due to the addition of salt. However, the use of such sodium and / or potassium salts can also bring technical advantages in the preparation of paste-like or gel-type high concentrates by first processing alkylamine derivatives with sodium and / or potassium hydroxide into a homogeneous mass, into which one then, if necessary After adding further alkylamine compounds, the desired amount of acid is incorporated. For the intended use of the paste-like or gel-type high concentrates as belt lubricants, it may be sufficient if these concentrates contain only a single alkylamine derivative from groups A) to E). However, mixtures of alkylamine derivatives, for example those from the various groups A), B) and C), are preferably used. High concentrates which contain a mixture of alkylamine derivatives of groups B) and C) are particularly preferred.

Auxiliaries and / or additives according to the present invention are in particular nonionic and / or amphoteric surfactants, for example alkoxylated fatty amines, fatty alcohols and alkoxylated fatty alcohols. These surfactants can improve the wetting of the chains and plate conveyor belts, should this be necessary in individual cases. In general, surfactant additives in the range from 0.1 to 15% by weight, based on the total formulation, are sufficient for this.

The invention also relates to a method for producing the lubricant concentrates according to the invention. The procedure depends in detail on whether the alkylamine derivatives to be used are available in highly concentrated form or as pure substances or whether they are only available in the form of aqueous solutions. This also depends on whether the additional use of sodium and / or potassium hydroxide is used in the form of an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution or in the form of NaOH or KOH granules. If the alkylamine derivative is in the form of an aqueous solution, NaOH or KOH is preferably used in solid form in order not to unnecessarily increase the water content of the mixture. Conversely, when using pure or highly concentrated alkylamine derivatives, NaOH or KOH in the form of an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution can be added to form a paste or gel To maintain the consistency of the end product. For example, you can do the following:

a) The alkylamine derivative or the alkylamine derivatives are introduced as an aqueous solution or as a melt into a kneader or a similarly working mechanical mixing unit, if preheated if a melt is used. b) If you are aiming for a sodium and / or potassium salt-containing end product, it is advantageous to add sodium and / or potassium hydroxide as the next component as an aqueous solution or as a solid substance and the mixture by kneading at a temperature between about room temperature and about 60 ° C. to homogenize. c) If the alkylamine derivative and / or the sodium and / or potassium hydroxide has been used as an aqueous solution and this results in a water content which would prevent the formation of a final product containing an alkylamine derivative or its salts of more than 40% by weight , one evaporates - preferably with the application of negative pressure - water to such an extent that the desired final concentration can be reached after adding the remaining components. d) As the next component, the acid HX is added at least in an amount sufficient to neutralize the sodium and / or potassium hydroxide present. The alkylamine derivatives are converted to their salts to the desired extent by further acid addition. If one works without sodium and / or potassium hydroxide, the addition of acid directly serves to form the amine salts. Regardless of the total amount of acid to be added, the acid addition is preferably controlled so that the temperature of the reaction mixture does not rise above about 60 ° C. due to the heat of neutralization. If the mixing unit has a cooling device, the acid can be added relatively quickly under temperature control. If you work without external cooling, the acid is added in portions and the Cool the reaction mixture with continued stirring between the individual acid additions. E) After the acid addition has ended, the mixture is kneaded at a temperature in the range between about 15 and about 60 ° C. until a uniform paste has formed. An external temperature control is no longer necessary for this, so that the reaction mixture assumes room temperature in the course of this final kneading.

If one wishes to produce a paste-like or gel-like high concentrate which contains one or more alkylamine derivatives from group C) together with those from groups A) and / or B), the procedure is preferably as follows:

a) The or the alkylamine derivatives from group C) are added as an aqueous solution or as a melt in a kneader. b) If the presence of sodium and / or potassium salts in the end product is desired, KOH is now added as described above and homogenized. c) Next, the mixture is mixed with the alkylamine or derivatives of groups A) and / or B). d) As described above, water is then evaporated if necessary until the desired final concentration is reached.

Now, as in the first procedure under d) and e), the reaction mixture is mixed with the acid and homogenized until a uniform paste is obtained.

The invention further relates to the use of the paste-like or gel-like high concentrate described for the preparation of an aqueous lubricant solution For the lubrication of conveyor belts in the food industry, which are used to transport containers or bottles made of glass, plastic-coated glass, plastics, in particular polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyethylene naphthalate or polyvinyl chloride, tinplate or aluminum or of lacquered or plastic-coated containers made of these metals. The paste-like or gel-like high concentrates with water have to be the same as usual for amine-based tape lubricant solutions

Application concentrations are diluted. In order to set the amine concentration required on the conveyor belt, this requires a total dilution with water by a factor of between about 1,000 and about 10,000. Since the concentrate paste cannot usually be applied directly to the conveyor belt, it is recommended that it be or to be diluted in two stages to an application concentration of about 0.002 to about 0.1% by weight, in particular to about 0.003 to about 0.05% by weight, of alkylamine derivatives. If you work in two stages, the paste-like or gel-like high concentrate is preferably mixed with so much water in a first step that an aqueous solution containing alkylamine derivative or its salts is in the range from about 1 to about 40% by weight, preferably from about 5 to about 20% by weight is formed. This prediluted solution then has approximately a concentration of the alkylamine derivatives, as is customary in the currently commercially available aqueous belt lubricants ("concentrates"). These solutions can then be applied to the conveyor belts as usual via automatic belt lubrication systems, with further water being applied to the conveyor belts In this final concentration, the application solutions preferably have a content of alkylamine derivatives or their salts in the range from about 0.002 to about 0.1% by weight, in particular in the range from about 0.003 to about 0.05% by weight . If a two-stage dilution is selected, the paste or gel can be placed in a mixing vessel for the first dilution step, which is provided with a stirring device and which contains the amount of water required for the first dilution. The paste or gel can be added manually by scooping out a transport bucket or a transport barrel, but preferably automatically by pressing the paste or gel out of the transport container. Alternatively, an aqueous solution of the paste-like or gel-like high concentrate of initially unknown concentration can be rinsed out of the transport container by injecting water into the transport container. In the case of a product containing sodium and / or potassium salt, the active substance concentration desired after the first dilution step can be set with the aid of the electrical conductivity. The target conductivities are approximately in the range from 0.01 to 10 mS / cm. Values above this require further dilution with water, values below that are concentrated by further addition of concentrate.

Examples of the production of high concentrates according to the invention The following chemicals were used:

1. Amines:

"Genamin LA 302 D"

- Commercial product from Hoechst

- Nomenclature: dimethyl laurylamine

- Chemical formula: RN (CH ₃ ) ₂ (C ₁₂ : 70%; C ₁₄ : 25%; C ₁₆ : 5%)

- Classification: monoamine

- Active substance content: 99%

"Duomeen O" (commercial product from Akzo)

Nomenclature: N-oleyl-1,3-diaminopropane

Chemical formula: R-NH- (CH ₂ ) ₃ -NH ₂ ; (-R - -C ₁₄ : 4%; -Cι ₆ : 12%; -C ₁₈ : 82%

Classification: diamine

Active substance content: 100%

"Amine 640" (or "Triameen OV") (commercial product from Akzo)

Nomenclature: N-oleylalkyldipropylenetriamine

Chemical formula: R-NH- (CH ₂ ) ₃ -NH- (CH ₂ ) ₃ -NH ₂ ; (-R = -C _<16 : 10%; -C ₁₈ : 88%;

-C _≥20 : 2%)

Classification: triamin

Active substance content: 100%

"Amine 740" (or "Tetrameen OV")

- Commercial product from Akzo

- Nomenclature: oleyl tripropylene tetraamine

- Chemical formula: R - [NH- (CH ₂ ) ₃ ] ₃ -NH ₂ (C _<16 : 10%; C, ₈ : 88%) - Classification: tetraamine

- Active substance content: 100%

2. Amphoteric surfactant "Deriphat 160 C" (commercial product from Henkel KGaA) Nomenclature: monosodium N-lauryl-β-iminodipropionate

Chemical formula: RN (-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -COOH) -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -COO] ^" Na ⁺ (-R = -C ₁₂ ) Classification: amphoteric surfactant Active substance content: 100%

3. Acid components

Acetic acid, 60% chemical formula: CH ₃ -COOH

Glacial acetic acid, 100%

Chemical formula: CH ₃ -COOH

Formic acid, 85% chemical formula: H-COOH

Glycolic acid, 60%

Chemical formula: CH ₂ (OH) -COOH

Lactic acid, 80%

Chemical formula: CH ₃ -CH (OH) -COOH

Oxalic acid, 71%

Chemical formula: HOOC-COOH

4. Basic components

Sodium and / or potassium hydroxide, 45% chemical formula: NaOH, KOH

Sodium and / or potassium hydroxide, 85% (s) Chemical formula: NaOH, KOH

example 1

110.0 g of amines 640 were placed in a kneader and 52.8 g of glacial acetic acid were added. Kneading without temperature control gave a homogeneous, easily kneadable mass of the practically anhydrous amine acetate with a viscous paste

Consistency.

Examples 2 to 4

Paste or gel-like high concentrates of the following were in a kneader

Composition made

The procedure was as follows: first, if desired in the mixture, the water, then the respective solution of the amphoteric surfactant deriphat 160 C and then the potassium hydroxide were introduced into the kneader. The mixture was heated to 40 to 50 ° C and homogenized by kneading. In example 4, 6% by weight of water, based on the end product, was then evaporated off. The further amine components were then added and the mixture was homogenized by kneading. The acid was then added in portions under temperature control so that the temperature of the mixture did not exceed 60.degree. After the acid addition had ended, kneading was continued until a pasty mass was obtained.

Instead of acetic acid, other carboxylic acids such as formic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, Oxalic acid and mixtures thereof can be used with one another or with acetic acid.

Claims

claims

1. Paste or gel-like high concentrate for amine-containing

Lubricant solutions as chain lubricants in the food industry, containing at least 30% by weight of one or more alkylamine compounds, selected from the groups

A) R-NH- (CH ₂ ) _r -NH ₂ (la) R-NH- (CH ₂ ) _r -N ⁺ H ₃ X ^" (lb)

RN ⁺ H ₂ - (CH ₂ ) _r -N ⁺ H ₃ 2X ( ^lc )>

B) R-NH - [(CH ₂ ) _r -NH] _y - (CH ₂ ) _m -NH ₂ (2a) R-NH - [(CH ₂ ) _r -NH] _y - (CH ₂ ) _m -NH ₂ (H ⁺ X ^' ) _n (2b),

C) RN- (CH ₂ ) _p -COOM

(CH ₂ ) _p -COOM (3a),

R-NH- (CH ₂ ) _p -COOM (3b)

D) CH ₃

RN ⁺ - (CH ₂ ) _p -COOM (4a)

I.

CH ₃ CH,

RC (0) -NH- (CH ₂ ) _r -N ⁺ - (CH ₂ ) _p -COOM (4b)

CH ₃

E) RN (CH ₃ ) ₂ (5)

X ^" an equivalent of an anion from the group amidosulfonate, nitrate,

Halide, sulfate, hydrogen carbonate, carbonate, phosphate or carboxylate means, m, p, r, y independently represent an integer in the range from 1 to 6 and n represent an integer in the range from 1 to 2 + y and M is hydrogen or there is an alkali metal ion.

2. Concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that r and m are independently 2 or 3.

3. Concentrate according to one or both of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that y means 1, 2 or 3.

4. Concentrate according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that p is 1 or 2.

5. Concentrate according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that X is a carboxy latanion R ^ -COO ^" , the rest

R ¹ stands for H, CH ₃ , C ₂ H ₅ , CH ₂ (OH), CH ₃ CH ₂ (OH), CO (OH) or for a group such that H ⁺ X ^" malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid or a Acid from the group HOOC- (CH ₂ ) _2/3/4 -COOH represents.

6. Concentrate according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it contains at least 40% by weight of one or more alkylamine compounds selected from groups A) to E).

7. Concentrate according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it additionally contains a total of 0.1 to 15 wt .-% sodium and / or potassium salts of carboxylic acids.

8. Concentrate according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it contains a mixture of alkylamine derivatives of groups B) and C).

9. Concentrate according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it contains a mixture of alkylamine derivatives of groups A), B) and C).

10. A process for the preparation of the paste-like or gel-like concentrates according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a) the alkylamine derivative (s) are given as an aqueous solution or as a melt in a suitable mixing device, b) if desired Add sodium and / or potassium hydroxide as an aqueous solution or as a solid and homogenize the mixture, c) if necessary, water until the desired is reached Final concentration evaporates, d) the acid HX in an amount sufficient to neutralize the sodium and / or potassium hydroxide present and to convert the alkylamine derivatives at least partially into the protonated form, so that the temperature of the mixture does not exceed 60 ° C. rises and e) the mixture is kneaded at a temperature between 15 and 60 ° C. until a uniform paste or gel has formed.

11. A process for the preparation of the paste-like or gel-like concentrates according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that a) the alkylamine derivative (s) from group C) is added as an aqueous solution or as a melt to a suitable mixing device, b) if desired, sodium and / or potassium hydroxide is added as an aqueous solution or as a solid and the mixture is homogenized, c) the alkylamine derivative (s) from groups A) and / or B) is added d) if necessary, water is evaporated until the desired final concentration is reached, e) the Acid HX in an amount sufficient to neutralize sodium and / or potassium hydroxide present and at least to convert the alkylamine derivatives into the simply protonated form, so that the temperature of the mixture does not rise above 60 ° C. and f) the mixture knead at a temperature between 15 and 60 ° C until a uniform paste or gel is formed.

12. Use of a paste or gel-like concentrate according to one or more of claims 1 to 9 for the production of an aqueous lubricant solution for lubricating conveyor belts in the food industry, for the transport of containers or bottles made of glass, plastic-coated glass, plastics, in particular Polyethylene terephthalate polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyethylene naphthalate or polyvinyl chloride, tinplate or aluminum or of lacquered or plastic-coated containers made of these metals, characterized in that the concentrate is diluted with water by a factor of 1,000 to 10,000 before or during application to the conveyor belt .