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WO1998001672A1 - Rotor pour centrale eolienne - Google Patents

Rotor pour centrale eolienne Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1998001672A1
WO1998001672A1 PCT/EP1997/003562 EP9703562W WO9801672A1 WO 1998001672 A1 WO1998001672 A1 WO 1998001672A1 EP 9703562 W EP9703562 W EP 9703562W WO 9801672 A1 WO9801672 A1 WO 9801672A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
mast
wind power
power plant
rotor blade
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1997/003562
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Bockemühl
Edzard Hafner
Original Assignee
Euwind Systeme Gmbh Windkraftanlagen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Euwind Systeme Gmbh Windkraftanlagen filed Critical Euwind Systeme Gmbh Windkraftanlagen
Priority to AU35417/97A priority Critical patent/AU3541797A/en
Priority to DE19780521T priority patent/DE19780521B4/de
Publication of WO1998001672A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998001672A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/10—Geometry two-dimensional
    • F05B2250/14—Geometry two-dimensional elliptical
    • F05B2250/141—Geometry two-dimensional elliptical circular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rotor for a wind power plant and a wind power plant with at least one such rotor.
  • wind power plants For the regenerative generation of energy from wind power, wind power plants are used which have a mast with a rotor rotatably arranged thereon. Usually, several such masts are arranged at certain distances from each other (wind farms). Even though the energy generation from these wind turbines is satisfactory from an economic and ecological point of view, the installation of wind turbines has recently failed to an increasing extent due to resistance from the population. Above all, the wind noise generated by the rotors and the so-called "drop shadow" are criticized.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a rotor for a wind turbine which has a low level of noise with high efficiency.
  • the invention proposes a rotor for a wind turbine, which is provided with a central central part, which is arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation, and a plurality of rotor blades protruding from the central part, the longitudinal extension of which by an inner end and an outer end and their Width extension is limited by two side edges, wherein each rotor blade is in particular firmly connected to the central part at its inner end, each rotor blade is curved and has a continuously convex curve and a continuously concave curved side edge, each rotor blade starting from its inner end to its outer end has a continuously decreasing width and the side edges of each rotor blade at its inner end extend such that they merge tangentially into an imaginary circular line concentric to the axis of rotation.
  • the rotor according to the invention has a central middle part, from which individual rotor blades extend radially.
  • the middle part is arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation.
  • the longitudinal extension of the rotor blades is limited by internal and external ends, while side edges of the rotor blades define the width extension.
  • the rotor blade surfaces are therefore defined by the inner and outer ends and the side edges.
  • the rotor blades are preferably fixedly connected to the central part at their inner ends.
  • each rotor blade is curved, preferably in such a way that the direction of curvature of the rotor blades and the direction of rotation of the rotor are opposite to one another.
  • each rotor blade has a continuously decreasing width, in that one side edge of the rotor blade is continuously convexly curved and the other side edge is continuously concavely curved.
  • the transition from the rotor blades to the central part is designed in such a way that the side edges of each rotor blade merge tangentially into an imaginary circular line running concentrically to the axis of rotation at its inner end.
  • each rotor blade is connected at its inner end to the central part over the entire width of the inner end. Furthermore, the rotor blades are curved, so that a crescent-like structure results when viewed from above.
  • These two design features lengthen the rotor blade area in relation to the radius, ie increase the aspect ratio.
  • the rotor blades of the rotor according to the invention therefore have a greater extension than straight, radial blades (with a constant radius of the rotor). This increase in elongation reduces the induced drag of the rotor, which leads to an improvement in efficiency.
  • the sickle shape can also reduce noise Ren.
  • the wind field to which the rotor is exposed is optimally utilized, since the wind power can also be used to rotate the rotor in the region near the central part.
  • the front i.e. viewed in the direction of rotation
  • the side edge of the rotor blades pointing in the direction of rotation is convexly curved
  • the rear side edge viewed in the direction of rotation ie the side edge pointing opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotor
  • this ratio is between approximately 0.5 to 2.5 and preferably between 0.6 and 2.
  • a value is selected for this ratio that is between 0.9 and 1.0.
  • the rotor blades and the central part of the rotor are expediently formed in one piece with one another.
  • the rotor according to the invention is preferably provided with three rotor blades which are arranged offset from one another around the central part and protrude from it.
  • the opposite convex and concave curved side- edges of two adjacent rotor blades (when viewed in a top view of the rotor).
  • a so-called Naca profile is used in particular as the profile (cross section) of the rotor blades. This profile has generally proven itself in practice and also delivers good results when used in the rotor according to the invention
  • the boundary layer between the air flow and the rotor blade i.e. the surface of the rotor blade
  • it is advantageous to profile the rotor blade surface which is achieved, for example, by a microstructure consisting of intersecting, group-parallel, diamond-shaped or undulating running ribs (prism structure) can be achieved.
  • the surface of the rotor blades is given a certain roughness. This reduces turbulence in the area of the rotor blades near the boundary layer and in the boundary layer itself, which in turn leads to reduced detachment phenomena and thus to reduced noise development.
  • the laminar flow at the boundary layer (surface of the rotor blade) is extended so that the lift acting on the rotor blade increases.
  • the surface of the rotor blades is designed to be elastically flexible.
  • an elastic coating which is expediently an enclosed air layer or an enclosed layer made of another flowable fluid or other material.
  • the air layer can, for example, in individual air chambers be divided.
  • the elastic coating thus acts either through a compressible material (usually gas) arranged on the surface of the rotor blades or is realized through a flowable material layer, whereby this material does not necessarily have to be compressible but can evade local pressure increases due to its flow properties.
  • the rotor blades can be arranged rigidly on the central part of the rotor.
  • this mast is designed to be flexible, so that the rotor yields when the mast bends under high wind forces, so that the wind forces on the rotor are limited to a maximum.
  • the rotor can also be tilted in that the holding body (generally also referred to as a nacelle) which rotatably supports the rotor and which is preferably rotatably mounted on the mast about a vertical axis, additionally also by one horizontal pivot axis is pivotable, which extends transversely to the extension of the mast.
  • the entire holding body and thus also the rotor can be tilted if the wind power conditions and wind speeds require this.
  • a drive is provided for pivoting the holding body, which operates in particular hydraulically and is preferably designed as a piston-cylinder unit, which is supported on the one hand on the holding body and on the other hand on the mast.
  • the holding body can be pivoted about 90 ° about the pivot axis is. Then the rotor can be conveniently or the like with a horizontal extension. raised and attached to the holder body tilted by 90 °.
  • the generator or generators for converting the kinetic energy into electrical energy are not in the holding bodies of the rotors at the upper end of the masts but outside of these holding bodies and outside the masts, for example, are arranged on the ground.
  • the rotor drives a hydraulic pump, which is arranged in the holding body at the upper end of the mast.
  • This hydraulic pump is integrated in a hydraulic circulation line, which also contains a hydraulic motor.
  • the transmission of the mechanical energy of the rotor via a hydraulic circulation system also has the advantage that several rotors are connected hydraulically or hydrostatically in series and work on a hydraulic motor. This in turn makes it possible to provide a common generator for a plurality of wind power masts, which enables the convenient (electrical) interconnection of a plurality of wind power masts in a wind power park.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of a wind turbine with a mast and a rotor attached thereto
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view of the upper end of the mast with a nacelle and a rotor attached to it, with the axis of rotation oriented transversely to the extent of the mast,
  • Fig. 3 is a side view of the upper end of the mast with nacelle and attached to this rotor with the axis of rotation aligned parallel to the extension of the mast and
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of the wind turbine according to FIG. 1 in a side view to illustrate the transmission of the rotational energy of the rotor via a hydraulic circulation system to an electricity-generating generator arranged on the ground.
  • a wind turbine 10 which has a (tubular) mast 12 with a rotor 14 rotatably arranged at its upper end. 2, the rotor 14 is rotatably supported by a holding body or a nacelle 16 which is arranged at the upper end of the mast 12.
  • the rotor 14 has an axis of rotation 18 which is rotatably mounted on the nacelle 16 and is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a central part 22 of the rotor 14 indicated by a dashed circular line 20.
  • Three rotor blades 24 extend from the central part 22 of the rotor 14 and are each offset by 120 ° from one another.
  • Each rotor blade 24 is curved in the manner of a sickle and has an inner end 26, at which it merges into the central part 22, and an outer end 28. As shown in FIG. 1, each rotor blade 24 tapers in width from its inner end 26 to its outer end 28 continuously.
  • the rotor blades 24 are each delimited by two side edges 30, 32.
  • the surfaces 33 of the rotor blades 24 run obliquely, so that when the rotor 14 flows against it, it rotates in the direction of the arrow 34.
  • the rotor 14 is formed in one piece, i.e. that the middle part 22 and the rotor blades 24 are integrally formed.
  • the front side edges 30 of the rotor blades 24 in the direction of rotation 34 are convexly curved, while the rear side edges 32 in the direction of rotation 34 are concavely curved.
  • the side edges 30, 32 of the rotor blades 24 run tangentially to the circular line indicated at 20, which in turn is concentric with the axis of rotation 18.
  • the rotor blades 24 have their maximum width in the region of the central part 22 at their inner ends 26, tapering from these inner ends 26 to the outer ends 28.
  • the convex and concave curved side edges 30, 32 have no turning points in the region of the rotor blades between their ends 26 and 28.
  • the radius of curvature r of the rotor blades 24 is approximately 0.9 to 1 times the radius R of the rotor 18.
  • the curvature of the rotor blades 24 increases their rotor area for a given rotor radius R. This increases the extension of the rotor blades 24, which has an advantageous effect on a reduction in the induced resistance at the outer ends 28 of the rotor blades 24. However, this in turn reduces the noise generated by the rotor 14 when it rotates. In addition, due to the continuous widening of the rotor blades 24 up to the central part 22, the flow field to which the rotor 14 extends is optimally used and thus the wind energy is optimally converted into kinetic energy.
  • the rotor 14 can tilt between its vertical orientation (FIG. 2) and a horizontal orientation (FIG. 3) about a horizontal pivot axis 35. This tilting movement can be used to reduce the wind force acting on the rotor 14 at high wind speeds.
  • the nacelle 16 is provided with a mounting frame 36 which supports the rotor axis 18 and is pivotable about the pivot axis 35.
  • a piston-cylinder unit 38 acts on the frame 36, which is supported on the one hand on the frame 36 and on the other hand on the mast 12.
  • the preferably hydraulically operated piston-cylinder unit can be extended, which causes the nacelle 16 and thus the rotor 14 to pivot relative to the mast 12.
  • the swivel range is 90 °, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3 results.
  • the pivotability of the holding body 16 has advantages when installing the wind turbine.
  • the mast 12 together with the holding body 16 can first be assembled and set up.
  • the rotor 14 can then be conveniently placed on the holding body 16 from above in the horizontal orientation and fastened there. This type of assembly is quite convenient for wind turbines.
  • the pivotability of the holding body 16 and thus the possibility of tilting the rotor 14 also has advantages with regard to the limitation of the wind force loads acting on the rotor, if one considers that this load results from the pivoting of the rotor 16 by 20% Vertical reduced by about half.
  • FIG. 4 a further property of the wind Power plants 10 are received.
  • the rotor 14 has a planetary gear 40 which meshes with a gear 42.
  • the rotation of the gear wheel 42 drives a hydraullk pump 44, which is arranged within a hydraullk circulation line 46 and pressurizes hydraulic fluid in this line 46 and causes it to flow.
  • the hydraulic circulation line 46 passes through the mast 12 and ends at the lower end thereof.
  • a hydraulic motor 50 is located on the ground 48 and is driven by the flowing fluid of the hydraulic circulation line 46.
  • the hydraulic motor 50 itself drives a generator 52, which generates the electrical energy.
  • This type of transmission of the mechanical energy from the upper end of the mast 12 to the ground 48 makes it possible to reduce the weight to be carried by the mast 12, since the weight of the generator 52 no longer has to be carried by the mast 12.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Le rotor (14) pour centrale éolienne est équipé d'une section intermédiaire centrale (22) disposée concentriquement à l'axe de rotation (18) et de plusieurs pales (24), à distance de la section (22), limitées dans leur longueur par une extrémité intérieure (26) et une extrémité extérieure (28) et, dans leur largeur, par deux bords latéraux (30, 32). Chaque pale (24) est reliée à son extrémité intérieure (26), de façon particulièrement rigide avec la section centrale (22). Chaque pale (24) est incurvée et présente un bord latéral incurvé convexe continu, ainsi qu'un bord latéral incurvé concave continu (30, 32). A partir de son extrémité intérieure (26) jusqu'à son extrémité extérieure (28), chaque pale (24) présente une largeur décroissant en continu. Les bords latéraux (30, 32) de chaque pale (24) s'étendent sur l'extrémité intérieure (26) de telle manière qu'ils se transforment tangentiellement en une ligne circulaire imaginaire (20) s'étendant concentriquement à l'axe de rotation (18).
PCT/EP1997/003562 1996-07-09 1997-07-05 Rotor pour centrale eolienne WO1998001672A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU35417/97A AU3541797A (en) 1996-07-09 1997-07-05 Rotor for a wind power station
DE19780521T DE19780521B4 (de) 1996-07-09 1997-07-05 Rotor für eine windkraftanlage

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19627515 1996-07-09
DE19627515.6 1996-07-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998001672A1 true WO1998001672A1 (fr) 1998-01-15

Family

ID=7799265

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1997/003562 WO1998001672A1 (fr) 1996-07-09 1997-07-05 Rotor pour centrale eolienne

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3541797A (fr)
DE (1) DE19780521B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998001672A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002084839A3 (fr) * 2001-04-11 2003-10-30 Lawson Tancred H Sons & Co Sir Generation d'electricite

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016101260A1 (de) 2016-01-25 2017-07-27 Birgit Bockemühl Rotorblatt
EP3318750B1 (fr) 2016-11-02 2019-09-11 Caren Meicnic Teoranta Profil aérodynamique et appareil à turbine

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0174487A1 (fr) * 1984-08-16 1986-03-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ventilateur axial
US4859150A (en) * 1986-05-19 1989-08-22 Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kabushiki Kaisha Blades for low speed propeller fan
DE3919157A1 (de) * 1988-06-11 1989-12-21 Guenter Zillner Windkraftmaschine
DE4134062A1 (de) * 1991-10-15 1992-04-02 Dieter Schulz Luftschraube mit tandemprofil und stroemungskanal
US5146096A (en) * 1990-06-25 1992-09-08 Mcconachy Harry R Efficient high tower wind generating system
DE9313491U1 (de) * 1993-09-07 1993-11-04 Freimund, Wolfgang, 22179 Hamburg Windkraftanlage mit horizontaler Drehachse (Wendelblattrotor)
WO1994019605A1 (fr) * 1993-02-26 1994-09-01 Egon Gelhard Installation fonctionnant a l'energie eolienne
WO1995000757A1 (fr) * 1993-06-23 1995-01-05 Kari Rajalahti Procede et appareil permettant d'arreter d'urgence une installation de production d'energie eolienne
WO1996013663A1 (fr) * 1994-11-01 1996-05-09 Sjoedin Bruno Dispositif pour les eoliennes a turbine
DE4440105A1 (de) * 1994-11-10 1996-05-15 Chatschatrian Vagarschak Beschichtung für Karosserien

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1919588A (en) * 1928-08-30 1933-07-25 American Propeller Company Blade for windmill impellers
US4408958A (en) * 1980-12-23 1983-10-11 The Bendix Corporation Wind turbine blade
DE9316009U1 (de) * 1993-10-20 1994-01-13 Moser, Josef, 85435 Erding Oberfläche eines fluidumströmten Körpers

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0174487A1 (fr) * 1984-08-16 1986-03-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ventilateur axial
US4859150A (en) * 1986-05-19 1989-08-22 Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kabushiki Kaisha Blades for low speed propeller fan
DE3919157A1 (de) * 1988-06-11 1989-12-21 Guenter Zillner Windkraftmaschine
US5146096A (en) * 1990-06-25 1992-09-08 Mcconachy Harry R Efficient high tower wind generating system
DE4134062A1 (de) * 1991-10-15 1992-04-02 Dieter Schulz Luftschraube mit tandemprofil und stroemungskanal
WO1994019605A1 (fr) * 1993-02-26 1994-09-01 Egon Gelhard Installation fonctionnant a l'energie eolienne
WO1995000757A1 (fr) * 1993-06-23 1995-01-05 Kari Rajalahti Procede et appareil permettant d'arreter d'urgence une installation de production d'energie eolienne
DE9313491U1 (de) * 1993-09-07 1993-11-04 Freimund, Wolfgang, 22179 Hamburg Windkraftanlage mit horizontaler Drehachse (Wendelblattrotor)
WO1996013663A1 (fr) * 1994-11-01 1996-05-09 Sjoedin Bruno Dispositif pour les eoliennes a turbine
DE4440105A1 (de) * 1994-11-10 1996-05-15 Chatschatrian Vagarschak Beschichtung für Karosserien

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
B.S.LIEBST: "Wind turbine gust load alleviation utilizing curved blades.", JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER, vol. 2, no. 4, 1986, N.Y.USA, pages 371 - 377, XP002043666 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002084839A3 (fr) * 2001-04-11 2003-10-30 Lawson Tancred H Sons & Co Sir Generation d'electricite

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19780521B4 (de) 2007-05-24
DE19780521D2 (en) 1999-03-11
AU3541797A (en) 1998-02-02

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