[go: up one dir, main page]

WO1998004329A1 - Voitures miniatures pour enfants - Google Patents

Voitures miniatures pour enfants Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1998004329A1
WO1998004329A1 PCT/EP1997/004030 EP9704030W WO9804329A1 WO 1998004329 A1 WO1998004329 A1 WO 1998004329A1 EP 9704030 W EP9704030 W EP 9704030W WO 9804329 A1 WO9804329 A1 WO 9804329A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weight
component
graft
toy vehicles
parts
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1997/004030
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Herbert Naarmann
Graham Edmund Mc Kee
Alfred Pirker
Hans-Josef Sterzel
Franz Brandstetter
Bernd-Steffen Von Bernstorff
Bernhard Rosenau
Ulrich Endemann
Burkhard Straube
Original Assignee
Basf Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Basf Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Basf Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO1998004329A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998004329A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/12—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated nitriles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
    • C08F255/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F265/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00
    • C08F265/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00 on to polymers of esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
    • C08F283/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L51/04—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to rubbers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L51/003—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to new toy vehicles for children and parts of toy vehicles.
  • the invention relates to new toy vehicles which have high rigidity and toughness and are weatherproof.
  • a material used is polyethylene. However, the toughness and rigidity of this material are insufficient. If the material is exposed to weathering, it then has a low breaking strength and breaks splintering. This creates an increased risk of accidents, especially when children are playing. In addition, the mapping of vehicle details during blow molding processing is restricted. Fine details of the shape are insufficiently reproduced.
  • ABS acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer
  • ABS also does not always show sufficient weather resistance. When used outdoors, it yellows and its mechanical strength drops to a low level after a short period of weathering.
  • thermoplastic molding composition different from ABS comprising, based on the sum of the amounts of components A and B, and optionally C and / or D, which gives a total of 100% by weight,
  • b 1-99% by weight of at least one amorphous or partially crystalline polymer as component B,
  • component D 0 - 50% by weight of fibrous or particulate fillers or mixtures thereof as component D.
  • thermoplastic molding compositions used for the production of the toy vehicles according to the invention are known per se. For example, DE-A-12 60 135, DE-C-19 11 882, DE-A-28 26 925, DE-A-31 49 358, DE-A-32 27 555 and DE-A-40 11 162 Molding compositions which can be used according to the invention are described.
  • the molding compositions used in accordance with the invention to produce the toy vehicles according to the invention which are different from ABS contain components A and B and, if appropriate, C and / or D, as defined below. They contain, based on the sum of the amounts of components A and B, and if appropriate C and / or D, which gives a total of 100% by weight,
  • b 1-99% by weight, preferably 40-85% by weight, in particular 50-75% by weight, of at least one amorphous or partially crystalline polymer as component B,
  • d 0 - 50% by weight of fibrous or particulate fillers or their mixtures as component D.
  • Component A is a particulate emulsion polymer with a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C and an average particle size of 50-1000 nm.
  • Component A is preferably a graft copolymer
  • a22 up to 60% by weight, preferably 15-35% by weight, of units of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, preferably of acrylonitrile or Meü acrylonitrile, especially acrylonitrile as component A22.
  • the graft pad A2 consists of at least one graft shell, the graft copolymer A overall having an average particle size of 50-1000 nm.
  • component AI consists of the monomers
  • al2 0.01-20% by weight, preferably 0.1-1.0% by weight, of at least one polyfunctional crosslinking monomer, preferably diallyl phthalate and / or DCPA as component A12.
  • the average particle size of component A is 50-800 nm, preferably 50-600 nm.
  • the particle size distribution of component A is bimodal, 60-90% by weight having an average particle size of 50-200 nm and 10-40% by weight having an average particle size of 50-400 nm, based on the Total weight of component A.
  • the sizes determined from the integral mass distribution are given as the average particle size or particle size distribution.
  • the mean particle sizes according to the invention are in all cases the weight average of the particle sizes, as determined by means of an analytical ultracentrifuge according to the method of W. Scholtan and H. Lange, Kolloid-Z. and Z.-Polymer 250 (1972), pages 782-796.
  • the ultracentrifuge measurement provides the integral mass distribution of the particle diameter of a sample. From this it can be seen what percentage by weight of the particles have a diameter equal to or smaller than a certain size.
  • the average particle diameter which is also referred to as the d ⁇ value of the integral mass distribution, is defined as the particle diameter at which 50% by weight of the particles have a smaller diameter than the diameter which corresponds to the c ⁇ value. Likewise, 50% by weight of the particles then have a larger diameter than the d ⁇ value.
  • the d. 0 and d-jo values are used to characterize the width of the particle size distribution of the rubber particles.
  • the d 10 or d ⁇ value of the integral mass distribution is defined in accordance with the d 50 value with the difference that they are based on 10 or 90% by weight of the particles. The quotient
  • Emulsion polymers A which can be used according to the invention as component A preferably have Q values less than 0.5, in particular less than 0.35.
  • the glass transition temperature of the emulsion polymer A and also of the other components used according to the invention is determined by means of DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) according to ASTM 3418 (mid point temperature).
  • Relevant common rubbers can be used as emulsion polymer A, such as epichlorohydrin rubbers, ethylene-vinyl acetate rubbers, polyethylene chlorosulfone rubbers, silicone rubbers, polyether rubbers, hydrogenated diene rubbers, ethylene rubbers, ethylene rubbers, polyalkenate rubbers, polyalkename rubbers, according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Ethylene propylene diene rubbers, butyl rubbers and fluororubbers Acrylate rubber, ethylene propylene (EP) rubber, ethylene propylene diene (EPDM) rubber, in particular acrylate rubber, are preferably used.
  • the diene basic building block content in the emulsion polymer A is kept so low that as few unreacted double bonds remain in the polymer. According to one embodiment, there are no basic diene building blocks in the emulsion polymer A.
  • the acrylate rubbers are preferably alkyl acrylate rubbers made from one or more C 1 -C 8 -alkyl acrylates, preferably C 4 . 8 -alkyl acrylates, butyl, hexyl, octyl or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, in particular n-butyl and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, preferably being used at least in part.
  • These alkyl acrylate rubbers can contain up to 30% by weight of copolymerized monomers which form hard polymers, such as vinyl acetate, (meth) acrylonitrile, styrene, substituted styrene, methyl methacrylate or vinyl ether.
  • the acrylate rubbers further contain 0.01-20% by weight, preferably 0.1-5% by weight, of cross-linking polyfunctional monomers (crosslinking monomers).
  • cross-linking monomers examples for this are monomers which contain 2 or more double bonds capable of copolymerization, which are preferably not conjugated in the 1,3-positions.
  • Suitable crosslinking monomers are, for example, divinylbenzene, diallyl maleate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, tricyclodecenyl acrylate, dihydrodicyclopentadienyl acrylate, triallyl phosphate, allyl acrylate.
  • Dicyclopentadienyl acrylate (DCPA) has proven to be a particularly favorable crosslinking monomer (cf. DE-C-12 60 135).
  • Suitable silicone rubbers can be, for example, crosslinked silicone rubbers composed of units of the general formulas R-SiO, RSiO 3/2 , R 3 SiO 1/2 and SiO 2 4 , where the radical R represents a monovalent radical.
  • R represents a monovalent radical.
  • the amount of the individual siloxane units is such that 0 to 10 mol units of the formula RSiO 3/2 , 0 to 1.5 mol units R 3 SiO 1/2 and 0 to 3 per 100 units of the formula R 2 SiO Mol units of SiO 2 4 are present.
  • R can be either a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, the phenyl radical or the alkoxy radical or a group which is easily attackable by free radicals, such as the vinyl or mercaptopropyl radical. It is preferred that at least 80% of all R groups are methyl groups; combinations of methyl and ethyl or phenyl radicals are particularly preferred.
  • Preferred silicone rubbers contain built-in units of groups which can be attacked by free radicals, in particular vinyl, allyl, halogen, mercapto groups, preferably in amounts of 2-10 mol%, based on all radicals R. They can be prepared, for example, as in EP-A -0 260 558. In some cases it may be appropriate to use an emulsion polymer A made from uncrosslinked polymer. All of the monomers mentioned above can be used as monomers for the production of these polymers.
  • Preferred uncrosslinked emulsion polymers A are, for example, homopolymers and copolymers of acrylic esters, in particular n-butyl and ethylhexyl acrylate, and homopolymers and copolymers of ethylene, propylene, butylene, isobutylene and also poly (organosiloxanes), all with provided that they can be linear or branched.
  • the emulsion polymer A can also be a multi-stage polymer (so-called “core / shell structure", “core-shell morphology”).
  • core / shell structure a multi-stage polymer
  • core-shell morphology a rubber-elastic core (T g ⁇ 0 ° C) can be encased by a “hard” shell (polymers with T g > 0 ° C) or vice versa.
  • component A is a graft copolymer.
  • the graft copolymers A of the molding compositions according to the invention have an average particle size d 50 of 50-1000 nm, preferably 50-600 nm and particularly preferably 50-400 nm. These particle sizes can be achieved if, as the graft base AI of this component A, particle sizes of 50-350 nm, preferably from 50-300 nm and particularly preferably from 50-250 nm.
  • the graft copolymer A is generally one or more stages, ie a polymer composed of a core and one or more shells.
  • the polymer consists of a basic stage (graft core) AI and or - preferably - several stages A2 grafted thereon, the so-called graft stages or graft shells.
  • One or more graft shells can be applied to the rubber particles by simple grafting or multiple step-wise grafting, each graft sheath having a different composition.
  • poly-crosslinking monomers or monomers containing reactive groups can also be grafted on (see e.g. EP-A-0 230 282, DE-A-36 01 419, EP-A-0 269 861).
  • component A consists of a multi-stage graft copolymer, the graft stages being generally made from resin-forming monomers and having a glass transition temperature T g above 30 ° C., preferably above 50 ° C.
  • the multi-stage structure serves, inter alia, to achieve (partial) compatibility of the rubber particles A with the thermoplastic B.
  • Graft copolymers A are prepared, for example, by grafting at least one of the monomers A2 listed below onto at least one of the graft bases or graft core materials AI listed above. All polymers described above under emulsion polymers A are suitable as graft bases AI of the molding compositions according to the invention.
  • the graft base AI is composed of 15-99% by weight of acrylate rubber, 0.1-5% by weight of crosslinking agent and 0-49.9% by weight of one of the further monomers or rubbers indicated.
  • Suitable monomers for forming the graft A2 can be selected, for example, from the monomers listed below and their mixtures:
  • Vinylaromatic monomers such as styrene and its substituted derivatives, such as ⁇ -methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, 3,4-dimethylstyrene, p-tert-butylstyrene, o- and p-divinylbenzene and p-methyl- ⁇ -methylstyrene or C r C 8 -alkyl (meth) acrylates such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, s-butyl acrylate; styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, methyl methacrylate, in particular styrene and / or ⁇ -methylstyrene, and ethylenically unsaturated monomers, such as acrylic and methacrylic compounds, such as, for example, acrylonitrile, meth
  • styrene vinyl, acrylic or methacrylic compounds (eg, styrene, optionally substituted j with C ⁇ - alkyl groups, halogen atoms, halomethyl groups;. J vinyl ether with C ⁇ - ether radicals;; vinyl naphthalene, vinyl carbazole.
  • component A comprises 50-90% by weight of the above-described graft base AI and 10-50% by weight of the above-described graft base A2, based on the total weight of component A.
  • crosslinked acrylic acid ester polymers with a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C. serve as the graft base.
  • the crosslinked acrylic acid ester polymers should preferably have a glass transition temperature below -20 ° C., in particular below -30 ° C.
  • the graft A2 consists of at least one graft shell and the outermost graft shell thereof has a glass transition temperature of more than 30 ° C, a polymer formed from the monomers of the graft A2 would have a glass transition temperature of more than 80 ° C.
  • the graft copolymers A can also be prepared by grafting pre-formed polymers onto suitable graft homopolymers. Examples of this are the reaction products of copolymers containing maleic anhydride or acid groups with base-containing rubbers.
  • Suitable preparation processes for graft copolymers A are the emulsion,
  • Graft copolymers A prepared by radical emulsion polymerization, in particular in the presence of latices of component AI at temperatures temperatures from 20 ° C - 90 ° C using water-soluble or oil-soluble initiators such as peroxodisulfate or benzyl peroxide, or with the help of redox initiators. Redox initiators are also suitable for polymerization below 20 ° C.
  • Suitable emulsion polymerization processes are described in DE-A-28 26 925, 31 49 358 and in DE-C-12 60 135.
  • the graft casings are preferably constructed in the emulsion polymerization process, as described in DE-A-32 27 555, 31 49 357, 31 49 358, 34 14 118.
  • the defined particle sizes of 50-1000 nm according to the invention are preferably carried out after the processes that are described in DE-C-12 60 135 and DE-A-28 26 925, or Applied Polymer Science, Volume 9 (1965), page 2929.
  • the use of polymers with different particle sizes is known, for example, from DE-A-28 26 925 and US 5,196,480.
  • the graft base AI is first prepared by adding the acrylic acid ester (s) used according to one embodiment of the invention and the multifunctional monomers which bring about crosslinking, if appropriate together with the others Comonomers, in aqueous emulsion in a conventional manner at temperatures between 20 and 100 ° C, preferably between 50 and 80 ° C, polymerized.
  • the usual emulsifiers such as alkali salts of alkyl or alkylarylsulfonic acids, alkyl sulfates, fatty alcohol sulfonates, salts of higher fatty acids with 10 to 30 carbon atoms or resin soaps can be used.
  • the sodium salts of alkyl sulfonates or fatty acids having 10 to 18 carbon atoms are preferably used.
  • the emulsifiers are used in amounts of 0.5-5% by weight, in particular 1-2% by weight, based on that of the Production of the graft base AI monomers used.
  • the weight ratio of water to monomers is from 2: 1 to 0.7: 1.
  • the usual persulfates, such as potassium persulfate, are used in particular as polymerization initiators. However, redox systems can also be used.
  • the initiators are generally used in amounts of 0.1-1% by weight, based on the monomers used in the preparation of the graft base AI.
  • buffer substances by means of which pH values are preferably set to 6-9, such as sodium bicarbonate and sodium pyrophosphate, and 0-3% by weight of a molecular weight regulator, such as mercaptans, terpinols or dimeric ⁇ -methylstyrene, can be added as further polymerization auxiliaries the polymerization can be used.
  • a molecular weight regulator such as mercaptans, terpinols or dimeric ⁇ -methylstyrene
  • the precise polymerization conditions in particular the type, dosage and amount of the emulsifier, are determined in detail within the ranges given above such that the latex of the crosslinked acrylic ester polymer obtained ad 50 value in the range from about 50-1000 nm, preferably 50- 150 nm, particularly preferably in the range of 80-100 nm.
  • the particle size distribution of the latex should preferably be narrow. The quotient
  • the weight ratio of styrene to acrylonitrile in the monomer mixture according to one embodiment of the invention should be in the range from 100: 0 to 40:60, preferably in the range from 65:35 to 85:15. It is advantageous to carry out this graft copolymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile on the crosslinked polyacrylic ester polymer used as the graft base again in an aqueous emulsion under the customary conditions described above.
  • the graft copolymerization can expediently take place in the same system as the emulsion polymerization for the preparation of the graft base A1, it being possible, if necessary, to add further emulsifier and initiator.
  • the monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile to be grafted on according to one embodiment of the invention can be added to the reaction mixture all at once, batchwise in several stages or preferably continuously during the polymerization.
  • the graft copolymerization of the mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile in the presence of the crosslinking acrylic ester polymer is carried out in such a way that a degree of grafting of 1-99% by weight, preferably 20-45% by weight, in particular 35-45% by weight, based on the Total weight of component A, resulting in graft copolymer A. Since the graft yield in the graft copolymerization is not 100%, a somewhat larger amount of the monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile must be used in the graft copolymerization than corresponds to the desired degree of grafting.
  • the control of the graft yield in the graft copolymerization and thus the degree of grafting of the finished graft copolymer A is known to the person skilled in the art and can be carried out, for example, by the metering rate of the monomers or by adding a regulator (Chauvel, Daniel, ACS Polymer Preprints 15 (1974), page 329 ff .).
  • the emulsion graft copolymerization generally gives rise to about 5 to 15% by weight, based on the graft copolymer, of free, non-grafted styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer.
  • the proportion of the graft copolymer A in the polymerization product obtained in the graft copolymerization is determined by the method given above.
  • reproducible particle size changes are also possible, for example by at least partially agglomeration of the particles into larger particles. This means that polymers with different particle sizes can also be present in the graft copolymers A.
  • Component A in particular, consisting of the graft base and graft shell (s) can be optimally adapted for the particular application, in particular with regard to the particle size.
  • the graft copolymers A generally contain 1-99% by weight, preferably 55-80 and particularly preferably 55-65% by weight of graft base AI and 1-99% by weight, preferably 20-45, particularly preferably 35-45% by weight .-% of the graft A2, each based on the entire graft copolymer.
  • Component B is an amorphous or partially crystalline polymer.
  • Component B is preferably a copolymer of
  • bl 40-100% by weight, preferably 60-70% by weight, units of a vinylaromatic monomer, preferably styrene, a substituted styrene or a (meth) acrylic acid ester or mixtures thereof, in particular styrene and / or ⁇ -methylstyrene as component Bl
  • b2 up to 60% by weight, preferably 30-40% by weight, of units of an eulylenically unsaturated monomer, preferably of acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile, in particular of acrylonitrile as component B2.
  • the viscosity number of component B is 50-90, preferably 60-80.
  • the amorphous or partially crystalline polymers of component B of the molding composition used according to the invention for producing the toy vehicles according to the invention are preferably composed of at least one polymer from partially crystalline polyamides, partially aromatic copolyamides, polyolefins, ionomers, polyesters, polyether ketones, polyoxyalkylenes, polyarylene sulfides and polymers from vinyl aromatic monomers and / or selected ethylenically unsaturated monomers. Polymer mixtures can also be used.
  • Component B of the molding composition used according to the invention for the production of the toy vehicles according to the invention are partially crystalline, preferably linear polyamides such as polyamide-6, polyamide-6,6, polyamide-4,6, polyamide-6, 12 and partially crystalline copolyamides based on these components .
  • partially crystalline polyamides can be used, the acid component of which consists entirely or partially of adipic acid and / or terephthalic acid and / or isophthalic acid and / or suberic acid and / or sebacic acid and / or azelaic acid and / or dodecanedicarboxylic acid and / or a cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, and the like
  • Diamine component wholly or partly in particular consists of m- and / or p-xylylenediamine and / or hexamethylenediamine and / - or 2,2,4- and / or 2,4,4-trimemylhexamethylenediamine and / or isophorone-diamine, and their compositions in Principle from a standing start are known in the art (cf. Encyclopedia of Polymers, Vol. 11, p. 315 ff.).
  • Polymers are partially crystalline polyolefins, preferably homo- and copolymers of olefins such as ethylene, propylene, butene-1, pentene-1, hexene-1,
  • Suitable polyolefins are polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene-1 or poly-4-methylpentene-1. In general, a distinction is made in the case of polyethylene (PE)
  • HDPE Density-PE
  • LDPE low-density-PE
  • component B is an ionomer.
  • polyolefins as described above, in particular polyethylene, which contain monomers co-condensed with acid groups, for example acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and optionally further copolymerizable monomers.
  • the acid groups are generally converted with the aid of metal ions such as Na + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and Al 3 + into ionic, optionally ionically crosslinked polyolefins, which, however, can still be processed thermoplastically (see, for example, US Pat. No. 3,264,272; 3,404,134; 3,355,319 ; 4,321,337).
  • Component B according to the invention is also suitable for polyolefins containing free acid groups, which then generally have a rubber-like character and in some cases also contain further copolymerizable monomers, for example (meth) acrylates.
  • component B can also be polyester, preferably aromatic-aliphatic polyester.
  • polyester preferably aromatic-aliphatic polyester.
  • polyalkylene terephthalate latex for example based on ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol and 1,4-bis-hydroxymethylcyclohexane, and also polyalkylene naphthalate.
  • Aromatic polyether ketones such as those e.g. are described in GB 1 078 234, US 4,010,147, EP-A-0 135 938, EP-A-0 292 211, EP-A-0 275 035, EP-A-0 270 998, EP-A-0 165 406, and in the publication by CK Sham et. al., Polymer 29/6, 1016-1020 (1988).
  • component B of the molding compositions used according to the invention for the production of the toy vehicle according to the invention polyoxyalkylenes, e.g. Polyoxymethylene, and oxymethylene polymers are used.
  • suitable components B are the polyarylene sulfides, in particular the polyphenylene sulfide.
  • it is composed of 50-99% by weight of vinyl aromatic monomers and 1-50% by weight of at least one of the other specified monomers.
  • Component B is preferably an amorphous polymer, as described above as graft A2.
  • a copolymer of styrene and / or ⁇ -methylstyrene with acrylonitrile is used as component B.
  • the acrylonitrile content in these copolymers of component B is 0-60% by weight, preferably 30-40% by weight, based on the total weight of component B.
  • Component B also includes those formed in the graft copolymerization to produce component A. free, non-grafted styrene / acrylonitrile copolymers.
  • component B may be graft copolymerization for the preparation of the graft copolymer A chosen conditions. It may be possible that a sufficient proportion of component B has already been formed in the graft copolymerization. In general, however, it will be necessary to mix the products obtained in the graft copolymerization with additional, separately prepared component B.
  • This additional, separately produced component B can preferably be a styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer, an ⁇ -methylstyrene / acrylonitrile copolymer or an ⁇ -methylstyrene / styrene / acrylonitrile te polymer.
  • These copolymers can be used individually or as a mixture for component B, so that the additional, separately produced component B of the molding compositions used according to the invention is, for example, a mixture of a styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer and an ⁇ -methylstyrene / acrylonitrile Copolymer can act.
  • component B of the molding compositions used according to the invention consists of a mixture of a styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer and an ⁇ -methylstyrene / acrylonitrile copolymer
  • the acrylonitrile content of the two copolymers should preferably not be more than 10% by weight. %, preferably not more than 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the copolymer, differ from one another.
  • Component B of the molding compositions used according to the invention can, however, also consist of only a single styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer, if in the graft copolymerizations for the preparation of component A and also in the preparation of the additional, separately prepared component B the same monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile is assumed.
  • the additional, separately manufactured component B can be obtained by the conventional methods.
  • the copolymerization of the styrene and / or ⁇ -methylstyrene with the acrylonitrile in bulk, solution, suspension or aqueous emulsion be performed.
  • Component B preferably has a viscosity number of 40 to 100, preferably 50 to 90, in particular 60 to 80. The viscosity number is determined in accordance with DIN 53 726, 0.5 g of material being dissolved in 100 ml of dimethylformamide.
  • Components A and B and optionally C, D can be mixed in any desired manner by all known methods. If components A and B have been prepared, for example, by emulsion polymerization, it is possible to mix the polymer dispersions obtained with one another, to precipitate the polymers together thereupon and to work up the polymer mixture. However, components A and B are preferably mixed by extruding, kneading or rolling the components together, the components having, if necessary, been isolated beforehand from the solution or aqueous dispersion obtained in the polymerization.
  • the products of the graft copolymerization (component A) obtained in aqueous dispersion can also only be partially dewatered and mixed as a moist crumb with component B, the graft copolymers then being completely dried during the mixing.
  • the molding compositions used according to the invention for producing the toy vehicles according to the invention contain, in addition to components A and B, additional components C and / or D, and, if appropriate, further additives, as described below.
  • Suitable polycarbonates C are known per se. You preferably have one
  • Molecular weight (weight average M w , determined by means of gel permeation chromatography in tetrahydromran against polystyrene standards) in the range from 10,000 to 60,000 g / mol. They can be obtained, for example, in accordance with the processes of DE-B-1 300 266 by interfacial polycondensation or in accordance with the process of DE-A-1 495 730 by reacting diphenyl carbonate with bisphenols.
  • Preferred bisphenol is 2,2-di (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, generally - as also hereinafter - referred to as bisphenol A.
  • aromatic dihydroxy compounds can also be used, in particular 2,2-di (4-hydroxyphenyl) pentane, 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfane, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl ether, 4 , 4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfite, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylmethane, l, l-di- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 4,4-dihydroxydiphenyl or dihydroxydiphenylcycloalkanes, preferably dihydroxydiphenylcyclohexanes or dihydroxylcyclopentanes, especially l, l-bis (4- hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane and mixtures of the aforementioned dihydroxy compounds.
  • Particularly preferred polycarbonates are those based on bisphenol A or bisphenol A together with up to 80 mol% of the aromatic dihydroxy compounds mentioned above.
  • Copolycarbonates according to US Pat. No. 3,737,409 can also be used; Of particular interest are copolycarbonates based on bisphenol A and di (3,5-dimethyl-dihydroxyphenyl) sulfone, which are characterized by high heat resistance. It is also possible to use mixtures of different polycarbonates.
  • the average molecular weights (weight average M w , determined by means of gel permeation chromatography in tetrahydrofuran against polystyrene standards) of the polycarbonates C are in the range from 10,000 to 64,000 g / mol. They are preferably in the range from 15,000 to 63,000, in particular in the range from 15,000 to 60,000 g / mol. This means that the polycarbonates C have relative solution viscosities in the range from 1.1 to 1.3, measured in 0.5% strength by weight solution in dichloromethane at 25 ° C., preferably from 1.15 to 1.33, to have.
  • the relative solution viscosities of the polycarbonates used preferably differ by no more than 0.05, in particular no more than 0.04.
  • the polycarbonates C can be used both as regrind and in granular form. They are present as component C in amounts of 0-50% by weight, preferably 10-40% by weight, based in each case on the total molding composition.
  • the addition of polycarbonates leads, inter alia, to higher thermal stability and improved crack resistance of the molding compositions used for producing the toy vehicles according to the invention.
  • the preferred thermoplastic molding compositions used according to the invention for the production of the toy vehicles according to the invention contain 0 to 50% by weight, preferably 0 to 40% by weight, in particular 0 to 30% by weight of fibrous or particulate fillers or mixtures thereof based on the total molding compound. These are preferably commercially available products.
  • Reinforcing agents such as carbon fibers and glass fibers are usually used in amounts of 5-50% by weight, based on the total molding composition.
  • the glass fibers used can be made of E, A or C glass and are preferably equipped with a size and an adhesion promoter. Their diameter is generally between 6 and 20 ⁇ m. Both continuous fibers (rovings) and chopped glass fibers (staples) with a length of 1-10 m, preferably 3-6 ⁇ m, can be used.
  • fillers or reinforcing materials such as glass balls, mineral fibers, whiskers, aluminum oxide fibers, mica, quartz powder and wollastonite can be added.
  • metal flakes e.g. aluminum flakes from Transmet Corp.
  • metal powder e.g. aluminum powder
  • metal fibers e.g. nickel-coated glass fibers
  • metal-coated fillers e.g. nickel-coated glass fibers
  • other additives that shield electromagnetic waves are mixed with the molding materials used for the production of the toy vehicles according to the invention.
  • Aluminum flakes K 102 from Transmet
  • EMI purposes electro-magnetic mterference
  • the compositions can also be mixed with additional carbon fibers, carbon black, in particular conductivity carbon black, or nickel-coated carbon fibers.
  • the molding compositions used according to the invention for the production of the toy vehicles according to the invention may also contain further additives which are typical and customary for polycarbonates, SAN polymers and graft copolymers or mixtures thereof.
  • additives are: dyes, pigments, colorants, antistatic agents, antioxidants, stabilizers to improve thermal stability, to increase light stability, to increase resistance to hydrolysis and chemicals, to prevent heat decomposition and in particular to lubricants / Lubricants that are useful for the production of moldings or moldings.
  • the dosing of these other additives can take place at any stage of the manufacturing process, but preferably at an early stage in order to take advantage of the stabilizing effects (or other special effects) of the additive at an early stage.
  • Heat stabilizers or oxidation retardants are usually metal halides (chlorides, bromides, iodides) which are derived from metals of group I of the periodic table of the elements (such as Li, Na, K, Cu).
  • Suitable stabilizers are the usual hindered phenols, but also vitamin E or compounds with an analog structure.
  • HALS stabilizers hindered amine light stabilizers
  • benzophenones hindered amine light stabilizers
  • resorcinols salicylates
  • benzotriazoles and other compounds are also suitable (for example Irangox *, Tinuvin *, such as Tinuvin * 770 (HALS absorber, bis (2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebazate) or Tinuvin * P (UV absorber - (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methylphenol), topanol *).
  • Tinuvin * such as Tinuvin * 770 (HALS absorber, bis (2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebazate) or Tinuvin * P (UV absorber - (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methylphenol), topanol *).
  • Suitable lubricants and mold release agents are stearic acids, stearyl alcohol, stearic acid esters or generally higher fatty acids, their derivatives and corresponding fatty acid mixtures with 12-30 carbon atoms.
  • the amounts of these additives are in the range of 0.05-1% by weight.
  • Silicone oils, oligomeric isobutylene or similar substances are also suitable as additives, the usual amounts being 0.05-5% by weight.
  • Pigments, dyes, color brighteners such as ulttamarine blue, phthalocyanines, titanium dioxide, cadmium sulfides, derivatives of perylene tetracarboxylic acid can also be used.
  • thermoplastic molding compositions used according to the invention for producing the toy vehicles according to the invention can be produced by methods known per se by mixing the components. It can be advantageous to premix individual components. Mixing the components in solution and removing the solvents is also possible.
  • Suitable organic solvents are, for example, chlorobenzene, mixtures of chlorobenzene and methylene chloride or mixtures of chlorobenzene or aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. Toluene.
  • the solvent mixtures can be evaporated, for example, in evaporation extruders.
  • Mixing the e.g. dry components can be made by all known methods. However, the mixing is preferably carried out by extruding, kneading or rolling the components together, preferably at temperatures of 180-400 ° C., the components having, if necessary, been isolated beforehand from the solution obtained in the polymerization or from the aqueous dispersion.
  • the components can be dosed together or toned / one after the other.
  • the toy vehicles and fastening parts according to the invention can be produced from the thermoplastic molding compositions used according to the known methods of thermoplastic processing.
  • the production can be carried out by thermoforming, extrusion, injection molding, calendering, blow molding, pressing, press sintering, deep drawing or sintering, preferably by extrusion blowing or injection molding.
  • the outer shell of the toy vehicles for children is made from the molding compositions of the invention.
  • parts of the toy vehicles are produced from the molding compositions according to the invention, for example seat surfaces, pedals, steering wheels, rims, wheels, blades, handlebars, etc.
  • the toy vehicles have a macroscopic fill, preferably made of foamed polymer, which is at least partially coated with a thermoplastic molding composition according to the invention on the surfaces.
  • a macroscopic filler preferably made of foamed polymer, lies between two layers of thermoplastic molding compositions. Both surface coatings are formed from the thermoplastic molding compound.
  • the play vehicles for children according to the invention have, according to one embodiment of the invention, a seat for the child. According to one embodiment of the invention, they are driven by muscle strength, in particular by the muscle strength of the child sitting on the vehicle. Examples of such vehicles are tricycles, gocards, tractors and land vehicle models on a scale that allows use by children.
  • Suitable vehicle models such as racing and sports cars, in which children can sit are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the toy vehicle can consist of a closed hollow body on which the child sits.
  • Such vehicles often have 1 or 2 steerable and 2 non-steerable wheels, the steerable wheels being connected to a steering wheel via a handlebar.
  • the handlebar runs through the hollow body and ends in the steering wheel, which is located on the top of the hollow body. pers in front of the seat or seat for the child.
  • These vehicles are either driven by pushing the legs off the ground using muscle power, but can also have pedals by means of which the muscle power is transmitted to the wheels by means of suitable devices.
  • Vehicles in which the muscle power is transferred directly by pushing off the floor are particularly suitable for smaller children, while vehicles in which the muscle power is transferred to the wheels via pedals and chains, for example, are intended for older children.
  • a typical example of a toy vehicle for children according to the invention is a tractor, which consists of a hollow body, on the top of which a seat for a child is molded at the rear.
  • the tractor has 4 wheels, of which the front two can be steered via a steering linkage and a steering wheel.
  • Such a tractor often also has a tipping bucket in the front area that can be operated by the child.
  • the play vehicles for children according to the invention also include trailers and the like, which can be attached to play vehicles. It is also possible to use the molding compositions according to the invention for the manufacture of snow vehicles, such as bobs, in particular from plastic shells.
  • a toy vehicle can consist, for example, of a metal chassis which has a body in the form of a vehicle model which is placed on the chassis. A seat and drive means are connected to the chassis. The body has an opening through which the child can get into the vehicle.
  • Another toy vehicle according to the invention for children is a tricycle which has a steerable front wheel and 2 non-steerable rear wheels.
  • the tricycle has a seat on the top and a handlebar that is connected to the steerable front wheel via a steering linkage.
  • the tricycle can be moved off the ground by pushing the legs off. However, it preferably has pedals on the front wheel. It can also have pedals that are connected to the rear wheels so that the drive takes place via the rear wheels.
  • a scooter In a scooter, 2 wheels are arranged one behind the other and connected to each other by a running board.
  • the front wheel has a handlebar and a handlebar and is steerable.
  • the scooter is driven by a child who stands on the scooter and pushes off the floor with one leg.
  • the molding compositions used according to the invention are also used for the production of parts of the toy vehicles.
  • Such parts can be, for example, fastening parts, brake levers, steering wheels, wheel caps, etc.
  • Suitable parts are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the play vehicles for children according to the invention which can be produced from the thermoplastic molding compositions described are very stable and have high rigidity and toughness. They are also scratch-resistant, chemical-resistant and have very good dimensional stability. In addition, they are very weather-resistant and resistant to yellowing, so that the risk of injuries when using the toy vehicles is greatly reduced. The risk of breakage in toy vehicles is very low even after long exposure to the weather. - 30 -
  • toy vehicles made from molded / wet which contain polycarbonates as component C, are very heat-resistant and resistant to lasting heat. By adding the polycarbonate as component C, the heat resistance and impact resistance of the toy vehicles is further improved.
  • These toy vehicles also have a balanced ratio of toughness and rigidity and good dimensional stability as well as excellent resistance to heat aging and a high resistance to yellowing under thermal stress and exposure to UV radiation.
  • Toy vehicles made of molding compounds, which contain components A and B, have excellent surface properties, which can be obtained without further surface treatment.
  • the appearance of the finished surfaces of the toy vehicles can be modified by suitable modification of the rubber morphology, for example in order to achieve glossy or matt surface designs.
  • the toy vehicles show a very low graying or yellowing effect when exposed to weather and UV radiation, so that the surface properties are retained.
  • Other advantageous properties of the toy vehicles are the high weather stability, good thermal resistance, high yellowing resistance under UV radiation and thermal stress, good stress crack resistance, in particular when exposed to chemicals, and good anti-electrostatic behavior.
  • they have high color stability, for example due to their excellent resistance to yellowing and embrittlement.
  • the toy vehicles according to the invention made of the thermoplastic molding compositions used according to the invention do not show any significant loss of toughness or impact strength at low temperatures or after prolonged exposure to heat, which loss is retained even when exposed to UV rays. The tensile strength is also retained. They also show a balanced relationship between rigidity and toughness. It is possible to recycle thermoplastic molding compositions already used to manufacture the toy vehicles according to the present invention. Due to the high color stability, weather resistance and aging resistance, the molding compositions used according to the invention are very suitable for reuse. The proportion of reused (recycled) molding compound can be high.
  • umpyrophosphate heated to 60 ° C with stirring.
  • a mixture of 82 parts of butyl acrylate and 1.6 parts of tricyclodecenyl acrylate was added within 3 hours 10 minutes after the start of the polymerization reaction. After the monomer had been added, the mixture was left to react for an hour.
  • the latex of the crosslinked butyl acrylate polymer obtained had a solids content of 40% by weight.
  • the mean particle size (weight average) was found to be 76 nm.
  • the polymerization product was precipitated from the dispersion using calcium chloride solution at 95 ° C., washed with water and dried in a warm air stream.
  • the degree of grafting of the graft copolymer was 35%.
  • the polymerization product obtained in the graft copolymerization was then precipitated from the dispersion using a calcium chloride solution at 95 ° C., separated off, washed with water and dried in a warm air stream.
  • the degree of grafting of the graft copolymer was determined to be 27%.
  • the product was precipitated from the dispersion using calcium chloride solution at 95 ° C., washed with water and dried in a warm air stream.
  • the degree of grafting of the graft copolymer was 35%, and the average particle size of the latex particles was found to be 238 nm.
  • the polymer mixture was then polymerized at 65 ° C. for a further 2 hours. An approximately 40% dispersion with an average particle diameter of approximately 500 nm was obtained.
  • Particle size 0.1 or 0.3 or 0.5 microns, 2 parts of potassium sulfate, 1.33 parts of lauryl peroxide and 1005 parts of water polymerized with stirring at 60 ° C. A 40% dispersion was obtained, from which the solid product was precipitated by adding a 0.5% calcium chloride solution, washed with water and dried.
  • copolymer (B) A monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile was polymerized in solution under customary conditions.
  • the styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer obtained had an acrylonitrile content of 35% by weight, based on the copolymer, and a viscosity number of 80 ml / g.
  • a monomer mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile was polymerized in solution under customary conditions.
  • the styrene / acrylonitrile copolymer obtained had an acrylonitrile content of 35% by weight, based on the copolymer, and a viscosity number of 60 ml / g.
  • a high molecular weight polyethylene with a high density was also used as the comparative polymer. It is used in particular for the production of larger parts using the blow molding process.
  • MVR 190/2, 16 0.1 ml / 10 min
  • MVR 190 / 5.0 0.3 ml / 10 min
  • the graft rubber content was 23% by weight, based on the total weight of the finished polymer.
  • test specimens were produced from the molding compositions formed in this way under the conditions described in DIN standard 16777.
  • the test specimens had the dimensions 60 mm diameter x 2 mm thickness.
  • the impact strength according to ISO 8256 80 x 10 x 4 mm test specimens with double V-notch were used.
  • the UV-treated molding compositions contained 0.5% by weight of a HALS stabilizer (Tinuvin * 770) and 0.5% by weight of a UV absorber (Tinuvin * P).
  • the tensile modulus of elasticity was determined in accordance with DIN 53 457, the tensile notched impact strength in accordance with ISO 8256 and the Charpy notched impact strength in accordance with ISO 179 / leA.
  • the molding compositions according to the invention can thus be used advantageously for the production of toy vehicles for children.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne l'utilisation d'une matière moulable thermoplastique pour produire des voitures miniatures pour enfants et des pièces de ces voitures. Cette matière, différente de l'ABS, contient, par rapport à la somme des quantités des composants A et B, et éventuellement C et/ou D, représentant 100 % en poids, a) comme composant A, 1 à 99 % en poids, de préférence 15 à 60 % en poids, notamment 25 à 50 % en poids d'un polymère obtenu par émulsion, se présentant sous forme de particules et ayant une température de transition vitreuse inférieure à 0 °C et une taille moyenne de particules comprise entre 50 et 1000 nm, de préférence entre 50 et 500 nm, b) comme composant B, 1 à 99 % en poids, de préférence 40 à 85 % en poids, notamment 50 à 75 % en poids d'au moins un polymère amorphe ou semi-cristallin, c) comme composant C, 0 à 50 % en poids de polycarbonates et d) comme composant D, 0 à 50 % en poids de charges sous forme de fibres ou de particules, ou de mélange de ces charges.
PCT/EP1997/004030 1996-07-25 1997-07-24 Voitures miniatures pour enfants WO1998004329A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996130135 DE19630135A1 (de) 1996-07-25 1996-07-25 Spielfahrzeuge für Kinder
DE19630135.1 1996-07-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998004329A1 true WO1998004329A1 (fr) 1998-02-05

Family

ID=7800883

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1997/004030 WO1998004329A1 (fr) 1996-07-25 1997-07-24 Voitures miniatures pour enfants

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE19630135A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998004329A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000020084A1 (fr) * 1998-10-07 2000-04-13 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Jouets d'exterieur

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19846209A1 (de) * 1998-10-07 2000-04-13 Basf Ag Sportartikel

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0576960A2 (fr) * 1992-06-29 1994-01-05 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Masse à mouler à surface mate
EP0592953A1 (fr) * 1992-10-12 1994-04-20 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Masse à mouler thermoplastique
DE4242485A1 (de) * 1992-12-16 1994-06-23 Basf Ag Teilchenförmiges Pfropfpolymerisat und hieraus erhaltene thermoplastische Formmasse
EP0711807A1 (fr) * 1994-11-09 1996-05-15 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Masses de moulage thermoplastiques mattes

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0576960A2 (fr) * 1992-06-29 1994-01-05 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Masse à mouler à surface mate
EP0592953A1 (fr) * 1992-10-12 1994-04-20 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Masse à mouler thermoplastique
DE4242485A1 (de) * 1992-12-16 1994-06-23 Basf Ag Teilchenförmiges Pfropfpolymerisat und hieraus erhaltene thermoplastische Formmasse
EP0711807A1 (fr) * 1994-11-09 1996-05-15 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Masses de moulage thermoplastiques mattes

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000020084A1 (fr) * 1998-10-07 2000-04-13 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Jouets d'exterieur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19630135A1 (de) 1998-01-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0914380A2 (fr) Elements d'amenagement interieur pour vehicules sur rails
WO1998004329A1 (fr) Voitures miniatures pour enfants
EP0914374B1 (fr) Dispositif pour elever et nourrir de petits animaux
EP0914373B1 (fr) Utilisation d'une matière moulable pour des abris pour outils de jardinage
WO1998004422A1 (fr) Enjoliveurs
EP0914376A1 (fr) Boitiers pour dispositifs de securite
DE19846251A1 (de) Spielgeräte für den Außenbereich
EP0912389A1 (fr) Becquets arriere
WO1998004631A1 (fr) Pieces moulees pour equipements sanitaires et de salles de bains
EP0914383A1 (fr) Plaques a grille pour obturer des orifices de ventilation
DE19630120A1 (de) Gehäuse von Kleintransformatoren enthaltenden Elektrogeräten
DE19846209A1 (de) Sportartikel
DE19630103A1 (de) Wärmeisolierte Transportbehältnisse
DE19630143A1 (de) Gehäuse und Verkleidungen für medizinische Zwecke
EP0914384A2 (fr) Panneaux prefabriques minces
WO1998004232A1 (fr) Appareils de massage et boitiers correspondants
DE19846246A1 (de) Karosserieteile für Kraftfahrzeuge
WO2000020507A1 (fr) Carters et elements de recouvrement pour filtres, pompes et moteurs

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): CN JP KR US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

Ref document number: 1998508487

Format of ref document f/p: F

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase