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WO1998007049A9 - Systeme d'acquisition de donnees relatives a des roches-magasins, avec concentrateur - Google Patents

Systeme d'acquisition de donnees relatives a des roches-magasins, avec concentrateur

Info

Publication number
WO1998007049A9
WO1998007049A9 PCT/US1997/014282 US9714282W WO9807049A9 WO 1998007049 A9 WO1998007049 A9 WO 1998007049A9 US 9714282 W US9714282 W US 9714282W WO 9807049 A9 WO9807049 A9 WO 9807049A9
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
concentrator
data signals
sensor nodes
signals
recorder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1997/014282
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO1998007049A2 (fr
WO1998007049A3 (fr
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed filed Critical
Priority to AU40661/97A priority Critical patent/AU4066197A/en
Publication of WO1998007049A2 publication Critical patent/WO1998007049A2/fr
Publication of WO1998007049A3 publication Critical patent/WO1998007049A3/fr
Publication of WO1998007049A9 publication Critical patent/WO1998007049A9/fr

Links

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to data acquisition and telemetry communication methods and systems, and more particularly, to processes and apparatuses for conducting long-term seismic surveys.
  • Seismic surveys have been used for several years to locate and evaluate new mineral reservoirs. More recently, seismic survey technology is being used to monitor production reservoirs for enhancement of production processes. Accurate comparison data, taken at various stages during production, requires that subsequent seismic surveys be conducted in exactly the same manner as previous surveys. For example, seismic sources and receivers must be located and coupled to the earth similarly for each survey conducted. The best way to ensure similar locality and coupling is to permanently install seismic receivers in the earth, so that they may be used to produce similar seismic surveys at various intervals over a long period of time. Prior seismic receiver systems are based on either analog or digital transmission schemes. As shown in Figure 1, prior analog systems consist of sensors 1, 2, 3, . . .
  • analog systems provide independent circuitry between each sensor and the central recording unit 13 so that not all sensors are lost if one circuit fails.
  • these systems are expensive because of the numerous cables which must extend over great distances from the remote sensors to the central recording unit 13. Most especially in offshore applications, the heavy cables necessary for independent circuitry render large monitoring systems impractical. Further, analog signals may only be transmitted short distances. These transmissions also provide limited channel capacity and poor data quality. Therefore, in the past, analog receiver systems have only been used in temporarily installed land, transition zone systems or towed offshore systems.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a permanent, long-term, seismic sensor receiver system which provides a reduced number of transmission wires, high channel capacity, high data quality, long distance transmission capability, and independent circuitry to the sensor nodes.
  • a process comprising: transmitting remote data signals independently from each node of the plurality of permanently coupled remote sensor nodes to a concentrator of the data signals; and transmitting concentrated data signals from the concentrator to a recorder.
  • a reservoir monitoring system comprising: a plurality of permanently coupled remote sensor nodes; a concentrator of signals from the plurality of permanently coupled remote sensor nodes; and a recorder of concentrated signals from the concentrator.
  • a system comprising: a plurality of permanently coupled remote sensor nodes, wherein each node comprises a plurality of seismic sensors and a digitizer of analog signals; a concentrator of signals received from the plurality of permanently coupled remote sensor nodes; a plurality of remote transmission lines which independently connect each of the plurality of remote sensor nodes to the concentrator; a recorder of concentrated signals from the concentrator; and a transmission line which connects the concentrator to the recorder.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of a prior art analog receiver system typically used in temporary land, transition zone, or towed marine applications.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of a prior art digital receiver system typically used in towed marine applications.
  • FIG. 3a is a side view diagram of an embodiment of the present invention in which a concentrator collects data signals from remote sensors for transmission to the recorder.
  • FIG. 3b is a side view diagram of an embodiment of the present invention in which a concentrator collects data signals from remote sensors for transmission to the recorder, wherein the sensors of the various sensor nodes are interspersed.
  • FIG. 4a is a side view diagram of an embodiment of the present invention with the sensors in a permanent covered trench arrangement.
  • FIG. 4b is a side view diagram of an embodiment of the present invention with the sensors in a permanent pylon arrangement.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view diagram of an embodiment of the invention with the sensors oriented in vertical columns.
  • FIG. 6 is a top view diagram of an embodiment of the invention comprising concentrators and a super concentrator.
  • FIG. 7 is a process outline of an embodiment of the present invention for transmitting remotely received data to a central recorder. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only typical embodiments of the invention and are, therefore, not to be considered a limitation of the scope of the invention which includes other equally effective embodiments.
  • Each sensor node 11 comprises: a plurality of sensors 10, a collector 20, and transmission wires 14, which connect each of the sensors 10 to the collector 20.
  • the sensor nodes 11 are connected to the concentrator 12 via transmission lines 15.
  • each sensor node is individually connected to the concentrator 12 by its own transmission line 15.
  • the concentrator in turn transmits data signals to the recorder or central recording unit 13 via transmission line 16.
  • all the information from the various sensor nodes 11 is transmitted to the central recording unit 13 through this single cable 16.
  • the collectors 20 of each remote sensor node 11 comprise: a digitizer of analog signals received by the sensors 10 and a transmitter of digital signals to the concentrator 12.
  • the reflected seismic signals, which are received by the sensors 10 in analog form, are converted in the collector 20 of each node 11 before transmission to the concentrator 12.
  • the collector 20 comprises an ISDN-U 80-160 Kbps communications chip controlled by a FPGA HDLC microcontroller. Power is provided through a power regulator and a transformer.
  • the converter is a 4 - 8 channel, dual analog/digital 21 bit unit.
  • a preamplifier and a low cut filter are provided for selectable gain.
  • the collector 20 also comprises an up/down communication separator.
  • the concentrator 12 comprises a 1,000 - 10,000 channel unit.
  • the concentrator 12 has an 80 - 160 Kbps ISDN-U interface to which each of the transmission lines 15 from the sensor nodes 11 are connected.
  • Field programmable gate array (FPGA) control logic and protocols are used to make the bit stream look like a UNIX file.
  • FPGA Field programmable gate array
  • a transmitter capable of SONET/ATM (Asynchronous Transmission Mode), OC-3 155.52 Mbit/s, transmission inputs data to the transmission line 16.
  • the central recording unit 13 has an ATM interface for connection to the transmission line 16. Data is transmitted from the interface over a PCI or FDDI bus to several UNIX work stations.
  • the recording unit 13 comprises a data handling and data storage work station, a user interface, operator control, basic QC work station and a seismic QC processing work station.
  • FIG. 3b an embodiment of the invention is shown which is similar to that shown in Figure 3a, with a modified sensor configuration.
  • the sensors 10 from the different nodes 11 are interspersed so that data points may be obtained from locations across the entire survey area regardless of whether a given node 11 fails.
  • each sensor node 11 is connected directly to the concentrator 12 by its own transmission cable 15 so that multiple nodes 11 are not lost if a single transmission line 15 fails.
  • Each sensor node 11 is made up of sensors 10, a collector/digitizer 20 and lines 14 which connect the sensors 10 to the collector/digitizer 20.
  • the sensors 10 comprise standard hydrophones and geophones as are known in the art.
  • the transmission lines 14 comprise standard twisted-pair wires as is well known.
  • the transmission lines 15 comprise AWG 24 gage, 2-wire twisted pair cables capable of carrying two-way low speed telecommunication transmission (ISDN) and power on the same twisted pair.
  • the transmission line 16 comprises high speed transmission telecommunication technology (ATM), such as fiber optics, which is also well known to those of skill in the art.
  • ATM high speed transmission telecommunication technology
  • FIG. 4a a side view of an embodiment of the invention is shown.
  • a cable 19, which contains the component parts disclosed in Figure 1, is buried below the sea floor 17.
  • the transmission lines are all contained within the cable 19 and are brought to a central location for connection to the concentrator 12 at the sea floor 17.
  • Sub sea trenchers and cable laying equipment may be used to dig the trench, deposit the cable 19 and backfill the trench with earth.
  • FIG. 4b an alternative embodiment for coupling of the sensors to the sea floor is shown.
  • the cable 19 is permanently attached to the sea floor 17 by pylons 21 driven into the sea floor.
  • the cable 19 is then stretched between the pylons 21 across the surface of the sea floor 17.
  • the cable 19 is 3 - 6 km long and the sensors are spaced 25 - 50 meters apart.
  • FIG 5 a side view of another embodiment of the invention is shown.
  • groups of the sensor nodes 11 are arranged in vertical configurations. Thus, several bore holes are drilled at various locations in the sea floor 17 so that sensor nodes 11 may be placed therein. Multiple sensor nodes 11 are placed in each borehole so that data points may still be collected from the borehole if a single node 11 fails. Again, sensors 10 from different nodes 11 are alternately positioned for redundancy.
  • the sensor nodes 11 are connected to the concentrator 12 by transmission lines 15.
  • the concentrator 12 is connected to the central recording unit 13 by a single transmission line 16.
  • FIG. 6 a top view of an embodiment of the invention is shown comprising multiple concentrators and a super concentrator. Similar to the embodiments disclosed above, this configuration comprises sensor nodes 11 whk further comprise a collector/digitizer 20, sensors 10 and transmission lines 14. Eac of t se iv >des 11 are individually attached to a concentrator 12 by a transmission line 15. Kote . t mere are two concentrators in this embodiment, each being associated with different groups of sensor nodes 11. The concentrators 12 are connected to a super concentrator 23 via transmission lines 16. The super concentrator 23 is connected to the recorder 13 via a transmission line 22. This configuration is more effective in larger survey areas where transmission lines 16 and 22 must transmit data signals over great distances to the recorder 13. Other embodiments comprise multiple concentrators 12 and super concentrators 23. The size and geophysical obstacles of a particular survey area dictate the number of concentrators and super concentrators required.
  • signals which have been reflected by rock formations within the earth are received 701 by the remote sensors. These analog seismic data signals are converted 702 by the digitizer of each node to a digital data signal. These data signals are then transmitted 703 by low speed transmission from each sensor node over independent transmission lines to a concentrator. At the concentrator, the remote data signals are received, stored and concentrated 704. This step comprises storing the data in a buffer and multiplexing the data for transmission. In the next step, the concentrated data is transmitted 705 over high speed fiber optic cable from the concentrator to the central recording unit. This concentrated data is then received 706 by the central recording unit and recorded 707.

Abstract

Procédé qui consiste à transmettre des télésignaux de données indépendamment depuis chaque noeud de la pluralité de noeuds de télécapteurs couplés en permanence à un concentrateur des signaux de données, et à transmettre les signaux de données concentrés du concentrateur à un enregistreur. Le système de surveillance de roches-magasins de la présente invention comporte une pluralité de noeuds de télécapteurs couplés en permanence, un concentrateur de signaux issus de la pluralité de noeuds, et un enregistreur des signaux concentrés produits par le concentrateur. Ledit système comprend une pluralité de noeuds de télécapteurs couplés en permanence, chaque noeud comportant une pluralité de capteurs sismiques et un numériseur de signaux analogiques, un concentrateur de signaux reçus de la pluralité de noeuds, une pluralité de lignes de télétransmission qui connectent indépendamment chacun des noeuds de la pluralité de noeuds au concentrateur, un enregistreur de signaux concentrés produits par le concentrateur et une ligne de transmission qui connecte le concentrateur à l'enregistreur.
PCT/US1997/014282 1996-08-12 1997-08-12 Systeme d'acquisition de donnees relatives a des roches-magasins, avec concentrateur WO1998007049A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU40661/97A AU4066197A (en) 1996-08-12 1997-08-12 Reservoir acquisition system with concentrator

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US69592196A 1996-08-12 1996-08-12
US08/695,921 1996-08-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998007049A2 WO1998007049A2 (fr) 1998-02-19
WO1998007049A3 WO1998007049A3 (fr) 1998-04-16
WO1998007049A9 true WO1998007049A9 (fr) 1998-07-23

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1997/014282 WO1998007049A2 (fr) 1996-08-12 1997-08-12 Systeme d'acquisition de donnees relatives a des roches-magasins, avec concentrateur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4066197A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998007049A2 (fr)

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US6374913B1 (en) * 2000-05-18 2002-04-23 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Sensor array suitable for long term placement inside wellbore casing
CA2499910C (fr) * 2002-09-23 2014-12-09 Input/Output, Inc. Systeme d'enregistrement sismique du fond oceanique utilisant des capteurs sismiques des microsystemes electromecaniques et son procede de deploiement
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