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WO1998008136A1 - Dispositif d'affichage a cristaux liquides - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage a cristaux liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998008136A1
WO1998008136A1 PCT/EP1997/004501 EP9704501W WO9808136A1 WO 1998008136 A1 WO1998008136 A1 WO 1998008136A1 EP 9704501 W EP9704501 W EP 9704501W WO 9808136 A1 WO9808136 A1 WO 9808136A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
alignment layer
alignment
liquid crystal
display device
crystal display
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1997/004501
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Takamasa Harada
Fumie Nozawa
Masami Aizawa
Original Assignee
Hoechst Research & Technology Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoechst Research & Technology Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Hoechst Research & Technology Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO1998008136A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998008136A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133753—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers with different alignment orientations or pretilt angles on a same surface, e.g. for grey scale or improved viewing angle
    • G02F1/133757—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers with different alignment orientations or pretilt angles on a same surface, e.g. for grey scale or improved viewing angle with different alignment orientations

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for producing a liquid crystal alignment layer and a liquid crystal display device with the use of the same. More particularly, it relates to a liquid crystal display device capable of achieving a wide viewing angle.
  • a liquid crystal display device is an electro-optical device containing a liquid crystal material which undergoes changes in the optical characteristics when an electrical field is externally applied thereto.
  • IPS(ln-Plane Switching)-TFT for widening the viewing angle of liquid crystal display devices.
  • This IPS-TFT mode is characterized by placing parallel electrodes on one substrate and rotating liquid crystal molecules located horizontally to the substrate within this plane to generate "on" state and "off” state (Fig. 1 ) (Nikkei Electronics, Dec. 4, 1995, p. 184). Since the liquid crystals are always aligned in the direction horizontal to the substrate in this mode, the contrast scarcely varies depending on the viewing direction, which makes it possible to achieve a wide viewing angle.
  • a liquid crystal alignment layer which is capable of providing a liquid crystal display device having excellent viewing angle characteristics and thus solving the above-mentioned problems and a process for producing the same, as well as a liquid crystal display device with the use of said liquid crystal alignment layer.
  • the present inventors have now found that the viewing angle characteristics of an IPS-TFT liquid crystal display device can be further improved by forming at least two regions differing in alignment direction from each other in an alignment layer, thus completing the present invention.
  • the present invention provides an IPS-TFT liquid crystal display device characterized in that at least two regions differing in alignment direction from each other are formed in an alignment layer on the substrate of the electrode side.
  • a part of the alignment layer has been irradiated with UV light or an electron beam after completion of the aligning process, whereby the alignment direction of the alignment layer within the irradiated region is shifted by about 90° to the alignment direction established by the aligning process.
  • the present invention further provides a process for producing an IPS-TFT liquid crystal display device.
  • the process comprises the steps of: preparing an alignment layer made of organic polymers; aligning said alignment layer; irradiating a part of the alignment layer with UV light or an electron beam to shift the alignment direction of the alignment layer within the irradiated region by about 90° to the alignment direction established by the aligning process; and assembling the liquid crystal display device using the alignment layer thus obtained as the alignment layer on the substrate of the electrode side.
  • the present invention furthermore relates to use of an alignment layer having at least two regions differing in alignment direction from each other in an IPS-TFT liquid crystal display device.
  • the alignment layer employed in the method of the present invention is preferably characterized in that a part of said alignment layer has been irradiated with UV light or an electron beam after completion of the aligning process, whereby the alignment direction of the alignment layer within the irradiated region is shifted by about 90° to the alignment direction established by the aligning process.
  • an IPS-TFT liquid crystal display device having good contrast and less viewing angle dependency of display characteristics can be produced by forming at least two regions differing in alignment direction from each other in an alignment layer on the substrate of the electrode side.
  • the IPS-TFT liquid crystal display device of the present invention can be produced by partly irradiating the surface of an alignment layer with UV light or an electron beam so that the alignment direction of the irradiated region is shifted by about 90°, more particularly 85 to 95°, to the alignment direction established by the aligning process.
  • the term "alignment direction of the alignment layer" as used herein means the direction along which the liquid crystal is to be aligned on the surface of the alignment layer.
  • irradiated regions and unirradiated regions are alternately arranged along the direction of the electrical field in the alignment layer on the substrate of the electrode side. Such an arrangement allows to form two regions differing in alignment direction by about 90° from each other (i.e.
  • Example 2 and Fig. 5 it is also possible to arrange two regions differing in alignment direction from each other vertically to the direction of the electrical field. In this case, it is preferable to arrange these regions in such a manner that the adjacent regions in adjacent dots differ from each other in alignment direction.
  • each dot should have at least one pair of each of (a-b) and (c-d) regions. It is preferable that the total area of the (a-b) regions is identical with that of the (c-d) regions.
  • the alignment layer material employed in the present invention in which the alignment direction of the irradiated region is shifted by about 90° to the alignment direction established by the aligning process by irradiating with UV light or an electron beam, use can be made of photosensitive polymers having unsaturated bonds in the molecular chain such as polyvinyl cinnamate.
  • photosensitive polymers having unsaturated bonds in the molecular chain such as polyvinyl cinnamate.
  • the alignment layer employed in the present invention can be obtained by mixing a polymer [polymer (A)], which has such properties as to align the liquid crystal in the direction of the aligning process after completion of the aligning process, with another polymer [polymer (B)], which has such properties as to align the liquid crystal in the direction shifted by about 90° to the direction of the aligning process.
  • polymer (A) examples include but are not limited to backbone type polymers such as polyimide, polyamide, polyether, polyester and polyurethane. It is still preferable to use polyimide or polyamide, in particular, those bearing a fluorine and siloxane group. When irradiated with UV light, etc., many of these polymers suffer from a decrease in pretilt angle and thus alignment regulation tends to be weakened.
  • polymers (B) examples include polyvinyl, polymethacrylate and polyacrylate having bulky groups in side chain such as polystyrene and polycyclohexyl methacrylate. It is preferable to use polyacenaphthylene, poly-4-vinylpyridine, polyvinyl diphenyl, polyvinyl naphthalene, polyvinyl formal, polyvinylpyridine-N- oxide, polyphenyl methacrylate, polyvinyl carbazole, etc. Polyvinyl cinnamate can also be used. Although many of these polymers (B) would be slightly or not aligned by usual aligning processes, they can establish uniform alignment after irradiation with UV light, etc.
  • the appropriate mixing ratio of the polymers (A) to (B) and the irradiation dose of UV light, etc are determined depending on the difference in alignment regulation between these polymers
  • the mixing ratio of the polymers (A) to (B) preferably ranges from 1 50 to 50 1
  • the alignment regulation by the polymer (A) becomes dominant continuously, even if the alignment layer is irradiated with UV light, etc In this case, the alignment direction is not shifted by about 90°
  • the polymers (A) and (B) may be each a mixture of two or more polymers
  • the irradiation dose of UV light, etc preferably ranges from 0 01 mJ to 50 J, still preferably from 0.1 mJ to 10 J. If the dose of UV light, etc was too large, the polymers would be oxidized and thus the alignment would be disordered
  • the wavelength of UV light, etc preferably ranges from 150 to 450 nm, still preferably from 200 to 400 nm
  • the alignment layer employed in the present invention can be produced by forming a polymer film on a glass or plastic substrate provided with a transparent electrode by spin coating or printing in accordance with a method commonly known in the art, then the film is subjected to the aligning process followed by the irradiation with UV light or an electron beam
  • the aligning process it is also possible to use nonpolarized UV light which facilitates the production process
  • the aligning process is carried out by the rubbing method, though the present invention is not restricted thereto.
  • regions with different viewing directions can be formed in a single pixel. These regions can be arbitrarily varied in size and shape by appropriately selecting the mask pattern.
  • the mask size is determined depending on the display size. Namely, the mask may have the same size as the display, or a smaller mask may be used by using steppers.
  • the pattern size of the mask is preferably several ten to 500 ⁇ m depending on the size of a pixel.
  • the alignment layer employed in the present invention can be produced by other multi-domain formation methods known in the art. For example, it is possible to form two regions differing in alignment direction from each other in a single pixel by using photolithographic techniques. By mixing two or more polymers differring in SP value of at least 1 , preferably at least 2, it is also possible to form an alignment layer which can provide at least two different states of liquid crystal alignment by the aligning process in a single direction.
  • the liquid crystal alignment layer has microprotrusions on the surface thereof. It is still preferable in these cases that in the liquid crystal alignment layer, at least one of the polymers is a polymer containing siloxane or one containing fluorine.
  • the alignment layer has microprotrusions with arbitrary sizes and shapes on the surface thereof. These microprotrusions are from several hundred A to several ⁇ m in size, i.e., in diameter, and from several hundred A to several ⁇ m in height, preferably from several hundred A to several thousand A in height. Size and height of the microprotrusions can be measured by methods well known in the art, e.g., atomic force microscopy or scanning electron microscopy.
  • At least one polymer which differs in SP value by 1 or more from other polymers, serves as a base material amounting to 50 % or more of the alignment layer materials while other polymer(s) are used as so-called dopant(s) to be blended with the base, a phase separation is generated by mixing these polymers. As a result, it is believed that the polymer(s) added form microphase separation structures on the base polymer, thus giving microprotrusions.
  • the alignment layer can be produced by mixing two or more polymers differing in SP value by at least 1, and forming a film of the resulting mixture on a glass or plastic substrate by spin coating or print coating in accordance with a method commonly known in the art. By forming such alignment layers on both substrates, a liquid crystal display device having two or more alignment states with a high stability and a good reproducibility can be established.
  • the polymers to be used as the material for the alignment layer can be selected from, but are not limited to, those commonly employed in organic alignment layers such as polyimide, polyamide, polyurethane, polyester, polycarbonate, polyurea, polyether, polyimidoamide, polypeptide, polyolefins, cellulose and derivatives thereof, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyvinyl such as polystyrenes and polyvinyl alcohol. It is preferable that at least one of the polymers to be used as the material for the alignment layer of the present invention is a polymer containing siloxane or one containing fluorine.
  • Polyimide, polyamide, polyurethane, polyester, polycarbonate, polyether, polyimidoamide and polyurea can be obtained by polymerizing monomers (for example, diisocyanate, diol, dicarboxylic acid, diamine, tetracarboxylic anhydride) by a method which has been commonly known by those skilled in the art.
  • monomers for example, diisocyanate, diol, dicarboxylic acid, diamine, tetracarboxylic anhydride
  • a polymer containing fluorine can be obtained by using a monomer substituted with fluorine atom(s).
  • cellulose and derivatives thereof include hydroxypropyl cellulose, cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate phthalate, cellulose triacetate, methyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose hydroxypeptide, p-aminobenzyl cellulose, polyethyleneimine cellulose, triethylaminoethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, cyanoethylated cellulose, carboxymethylated cellulose, diethylaminohydroxypropylated cellulose, sulfohydroxypropylated cellulose, trimethylaminohydroxy-propylated cellulose and bromoacetyl cellulose.
  • polyvinyl and derivatives thereof examples include polystyrene, sodium poly-4- styrene sulfonate, polymethylstyrene, dicarboxy- terminated polystyrene, monocarboxy-terminated polystyrene, polystyrene divinylbenzene, polystyrene methyl methacrylate, 3-trifluoromethylstyrene, polyvinylalcohol, polyvinylbiphenyl, polyvinylbiphenylether, polyvinylcinnamate, polyvinylformal, polyacenaphthylene, polyvinylcarbazole, polyvinylcyclohexyl, polyvinylmethlketone, polyvinylnaphthalene, polyvinylphenol, polyvinylpyridine, polyvinylbutyral, polyvinylidenefluoride, polyvinylpyhdine-N-oxide, polyvinylch
  • polyacrylates or polymethacrylates examples include poly(methyl acrylate), poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(ethyl acrylate), poly(ethyl methacrylate), poly(butyl acrylate), poly(butyl methacrylate), poly(isobutyl acrylate), poly(isobutyl methacrylate), poly(t-butyl acrylate), poly(t-butyl methacrylate), poly(hexyl acrylate), poly(hexyl methacrylate), poly(2-ethylbutyl acrylate), poly(2-ethylbutyl methacrylate), poly(benzyl acrylate), poly(benzyl methacrylate), poly(cyclohexyl acrylate), poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate), poly(norbomyl acrylate), poly(norbornyl methacrylate), poly(isobornyl acrylate), poly(isobomyl methacrylate),
  • a fluorine-containing polymer can be obtained by introducing fluorine atom(s) into such a polyacrylate or a polymethacrylate.
  • polystyrene use can be made of, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacetylene, polybutadiene, polyvinylidene fluoride and copolymers thereof.
  • polysilastyrene, etc. are also usable therefor.
  • siloxane-containing polymer use can be made of polymers obtained by reacting a compound represented by the following general formula as a siloxane component. It is preferable to use a block polymer of siloxane with other polymer(s).
  • n is an integer of 1 or above;
  • R 2 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group
  • R 3 represents a monovalent, linear or branched, aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon group having from 4 to 14 carbon atoms; and R 4 represents -NH 2 , -OH, -COOH, Ar(COOH) 2 , Ar(CO) 2 O or
  • R 2 is a linear alkylene group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • Ar is preferably an aromatic group having from 4 to 14 carbon atoms.
  • Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group usable as R 3 include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, t-butyl and pentyl groups.
  • Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl groups.
  • Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, anthryl and phenanthryl groups. These aromatic rings may be substituted by, for example, halogen atoms, nitro groups or alkyl groups.
  • R 3 may be different from each other. It is preferable that R 3 is a methyl group.
  • m is 2 or above, still preferably 8 or above.
  • m is not more than 100.
  • a polyaramide/polysiloxane copolymer and polyvinyl carbazole were dissolved in N-methylpyrrolidone at a ratio of 1 : 1 to give a concentration of 2.5 % by weight.
  • the solution thus obtained was applied onto glass substrates by using a spinner at 2,000 r.p.m. for 20 seconds, and dried at 180°C for 1 hour to form a polymer film having a thickness of about 50 nm. Then the film was aligned by rubbing with a nylon fabric in one direction.
  • the alignment layer was irradiated with UV light for 5 minutes by using a lattice-patterned mask (300 ⁇ m x 50 ⁇ m) under a high pressure mercury lamp (105 W) to form an alignment layer having two types of regions adjacent to each other, namely, the UV-irradiated regions (300 ⁇ m x 50 ⁇ m) and unirradiated regions.
  • an IPS-TFT cell was assembled using the substrate having the alignment layer thus obtained as the substrate of the electrode side.
  • Fig. 3 shows the constitution of the alignment layer and the alignment directions of liquid crystal molecules.
  • a pair of an UV-irradiated region (b) and an unirradiated region (a) corresponds to a dot regulated by a TFT device.
  • a dot of one (a-b) pair usually corresponds to one of colors R (red), G (green) and B (blue).
  • a nematic liquid crystal material (LIXON 5043LC, manufactured by Chisso Petrochemical Co.) was filled into the cell and subjected to a heat treatment. Evaluation of the viewing angle characteristics of this liquid crystal cell indicated that the region with low contrast was narrowed and thus the viewing angle of the cell was widened (Fig. 4).
  • Example 2 An IPS-TFT cell was assembled in the same manner as that described in Example 1 , except for using a mask of a pattern size of 150 ⁇ m x 100 ⁇ m and arranging the alignment layer so that the electrical field was applied vertically thereto.
  • the alignment layer was arranged so that the adjacent regions in adjacent dots differed from each other in alignment direction.
  • Fig. 5 shows the constitution of the alignment layer and the alignment directions of liquid crystal molecules.
  • a nematic liquid crystal material (LIXON 5043LC, manufactured by Chisso Petrochemical Co.) was filled into the cell and subjected to a heat treatment.
  • An alignment layer was assembled in the same manner as that described in Example 1 and aligned by rubbing in one direction.
  • the alignment layer was irradiated with UV light for 5 minutes by using a mask (100 ⁇ m x 37.5 ⁇ m and 150 ⁇ m x 25 ⁇ m) under a high pressure mercury lamp (105 W) so that the UV-irradiated regions and the unirradiated regions were arranged as shown in Fig. 7. Then an
  • IPS-TFT cell was assembled using the substrate as the substrate on the electrode side.
  • a nematic liquid crystal material (LIXON 5043LC, manufactured by Chisso Petrochemical Co.) was filled into the cell and subjected to a heat treatment. Evaluation of the viewing angle characteristics of this liquid crystal cell indicated that the region with low contrast substantially disappeared and the viewing angle of the cell was further widened (Fig. 8).
  • Fig. 1 shows the structure of an IPS-TFT liquid crystal display device.
  • Fig. 2 shows the viewing angle characteristics of a conventional IPS-TFT cell.
  • Fig. 3 shows the constitution and alignment directions of liquid crystal molecules of the alignment layer of the present invention produced in Example 1. Only the regions b were irradiated with UV light.
  • Fig. 4 shows the viewing angle characteristics of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention produced in Example 1.
  • Fig. 5 shows the constitution and alignment directions of liquid crystal molecules of the alignment layer of the present invention produced in Example 2. Only the region d was irradiated with UV light.
  • Fig. 6 shows the viewing angle characteristics of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention produced in Example 2.
  • Fig. 7 shows the constitution of the alignment layer of the present invention produced in Example 3.
  • the regions b and d were irradiated with UV light.
  • Fig. 8 shows the viewing angle characteristics of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention produced in Example 3.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides à mode IPS-TFT qui présente un angle de visée large. Ce dispositif se caractérise par deux zones dont le sens d'alignement diffère, et qui sont formées dans une couche d'alignement sur le substrat du côté de l'électrode.
PCT/EP1997/004501 1996-08-22 1997-08-18 Dispositif d'affichage a cristaux liquides WO1998008136A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8221087A JPH1062788A (ja) 1996-08-22 1996-08-22 液晶表示素子
JP8/221087 1996-08-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998008136A1 true WO1998008136A1 (fr) 1998-02-26

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PCT/EP1997/004501 WO1998008136A1 (fr) 1996-08-22 1997-08-18 Dispositif d'affichage a cristaux liquides

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JP (1) JPH1062788A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998008136A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2792736A1 (fr) * 1999-04-21 2000-10-27 Lg Philips Lcd Co Ltd Dispositif d'affichage a cristal liquide
EP1067423A3 (fr) * 1999-07-06 2003-04-16 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Affichage à crystal liquide et procédé de fabrication de celui-ci
EP1063564A4 (fr) * 1998-03-06 2005-09-14 Hitachi Ltd Ecran a cristaux liquides
US7388639B2 (en) 2003-12-29 2008-06-17 Lg Display Co., Ltd. In-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device having multi-domains
US7599031B2 (en) 1998-03-06 2009-10-06 Hitachi, Ltd. Liquid crystal display device

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100306799B1 (ko) 1998-05-29 2001-11-30 박종섭 액정표시장치
KR100306800B1 (ko) 1998-05-29 2002-06-20 박종섭 액정 표시 장치 및 그 제조 방법
JP2000035572A (ja) 1998-07-16 2000-02-02 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 液晶表示装置
KR100543040B1 (ko) * 1998-08-21 2006-05-22 삼성전자주식회사 광시야각 액정 표시 장치
KR100413485B1 (ko) * 2001-07-09 2003-12-31 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 횡전계방식 액정표시소자 및 그 제조방법
KR100963029B1 (ko) 2003-03-24 2010-06-09 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 횡전계방식 액정 표시 장치 제조 방법
JP4637248B2 (ja) * 2009-04-16 2011-02-23 シャープ株式会社 液晶表示装置

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Title
AHATANI S ET AL: "Complete suppression of color shift in in-plane switching mode liquid crystal displays with a multidomain structure obtained by unidirectional rubbing", JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, PART 2 (LETTERS), 15 JAN. 1997, PUBLICATION OFFICE, JAPANESE JOURNAL APPL. PHYS, JAPAN, vol. 36, no. 1A-B, ISSN 0021-4922, pages L27 - L29, XP002049459 *
KONDO K: "8.1: INVITED PAPER: WIDE-VIEWING-ANGLE DISPLAYS WITH IN-PLANE SWITCHING MODE OF NEMATIC LCS ADDRESSED BY 13.3-IN. XGA TFTS", SID INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM. DIGEST OF TECHNICAL PAPERS, SAN DIEGO, MAY 12 - 17, 1996, vol. 27, 12 May 1996 (1996-05-12), SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION DISPLAY, pages 81 - 84, XP000621030 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1063564A4 (fr) * 1998-03-06 2005-09-14 Hitachi Ltd Ecran a cristaux liquides
US7599031B2 (en) 1998-03-06 2009-10-06 Hitachi, Ltd. Liquid crystal display device
FR2792736A1 (fr) * 1999-04-21 2000-10-27 Lg Philips Lcd Co Ltd Dispositif d'affichage a cristal liquide
US7018687B2 (en) 1999-04-21 2006-03-28 Lg. Philips Lcd Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display device
EP1067423A3 (fr) * 1999-07-06 2003-04-16 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Affichage à crystal liquide et procédé de fabrication de celui-ci
US7388639B2 (en) 2003-12-29 2008-06-17 Lg Display Co., Ltd. In-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device having multi-domains

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