[go: up one dir, main page]

WO1998026017A1 - Composition de marquage - Google Patents

Composition de marquage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1998026017A1
WO1998026017A1 PCT/US1997/022930 US9722930W WO9826017A1 WO 1998026017 A1 WO1998026017 A1 WO 1998026017A1 US 9722930 W US9722930 W US 9722930W WO 9826017 A1 WO9826017 A1 WO 9826017A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wax
composition
weight
marking composition
fatty acid
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1997/022930
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michael S. Craig
Original Assignee
Binney & Smith Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Binney & Smith Inc. filed Critical Binney & Smith Inc.
Priority to AU58981/98A priority Critical patent/AU5898198A/en
Priority to CA002275204A priority patent/CA2275204A1/fr
Priority to US09/098,989 priority patent/US6033464A/en
Publication of WO1998026017A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998026017A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D13/00—Pencil-leads; Crayon compositions; Chalk compositions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a marking composition and to a writing instrument such as a crayon fabricated from such a marking composition.
  • this invention relates to a marking composition useful as crayons that have desirable laydown characteristics when applied on substrates such as paper.
  • Marking compositions are well known in the art that are formulated from combinations of waxes, fatty acids, colorants, color extenders, and other additives. These marking compositions can be used to fabricate crayons, which can be used to draw, write, or color on porous and non-porous substrates. Crayons are most often used by children on various types of paper, such as notebook paper, art paper, and posterboard. Furthermore, crayons are available in a wide selection of colors, ranging from primary colors to fluorescent colors.
  • the strength of the writing instrument made from such compositions decreases resulting in manufacturing problems as well as problems in the use of these writing instruments.
  • writing instruments such as crayons formed from such compositions break or crumble rather easily, especially when used by children.
  • the use of greater amounts of emollients also adversely affects the tackiness of the writing instrument.
  • the writing instrument becomes excessively tacky to the touch, especially when held between the fingers during writing. This excessive tackiness creates an unpleasant feeling for the user.
  • the excessive transfer of materials besides creating an unpleasant feeling to the user, can cause unnecessary stains to the hands and clothes as well as in areas such as carpets where children use the crayons.
  • a marking composition that has the desirable laydown characteristics. More particularly, there is a need for a marking composition that minimizes friction between the crayon and the substrate to allow for a smooth and slick laydown of color with minimal exertion of pressure by the user. There also remains a need for a marking composition with improved laydown properties that is not overly tacky to the touch and does not exhibit excessive flaking. There further remains a need for a marking composition having improved laydown properties which does not excessively transfer materials to the hands or clothes of the user. There further remains a need for a marking composition having improved laydown characteristics that has the desirable mechanical strength to withstand use by children.
  • the foregoing needs are fulfilled to a great extent by the present invention which provides a marking composition that exhibits improved color coverage, color intensity and uniformity and smooth and slick laydown with minimal exertion of pressure as well as less flaking than the glitter crayons of U.S. Patent 5,383,954 when applied on substrates.
  • the marking composition is also substantially free of tackiness to the touch.
  • the marking composition of the present invention comprises combinations of a fatty acid, an emollient, a colorant, a hard wax, and a soft wax, wherein at least a portion of the waxes are ester waxes in such amounts that the composition has the desired smooth laydown characteristics when applied on substrates.
  • the marking composition of the present invention comprises a fatty acid, a hard wax, a soft wax, and a colorant .
  • the present invention further provides writing instruments such as crayons prepared from the marking composition of the present invention. While the invention has been described and disclosed below in connection with certain preferred embodiments and procedures, it is not intended to limit the invention to those specific embodiments. Rather it is intended to cover all such alternative embodiments and modifications as fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
  • the marking composition comprises a fatty acid, an emollient, a colorant, a hard wax and a soft wax wherein at least a portion of the waxes are ester waxes in amounts such that the composition has the smooth laydown characteristics when applied on substrates.
  • the marking composition comprises a fatty acid, a hard wax, a soft wax, and a colorant.
  • the compositions also have the advantage that they are substantially free of tackiness to the touch.
  • the present inventive composition is particularly well-suited for use in preparing crayons.
  • a detailed discussion of each of the ingredients used in making the marking compositions of the invention is set forth below.
  • the marking composition may contain any suitable fatty acid.
  • the fatty acid may be a saturated fatty acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, or a mixture of fatty acids.
  • the fatty acid is one that adds strength to the composition, especially when the composition is fabricated as a crayon.
  • Longer carbon chain fatty acids generally impart greater hardness and mechanical strength to the composition.
  • the fatty acid generally has from about 12 to about 30 carbon atoms, and preferably from about 16 to about 24 carbon atoms.
  • Suitable fatty acids include lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and mixtures thereof.
  • Stearic acid is a preferred fatty acid.
  • the amount of fatty acid used depends to some extent on the amount of other materials constituting the marking composition, particularly the amount of hard wax employed.
  • the fatty acid content can be lowered if the hard wax content is suitably increased to provide the desired mechanical strength.
  • the fatty acid may be present in any suitable amount, for example, it can be present in an amount up to about 60% by weight of the composition. In certain embodiments, the fatty acid is present in an amount of from about 3% by weight to about 15% by weight of the marking composition, and in certain other embodiments, the fatty acid is present in an amount of from about 15% by weight to about 30% by weight of the marking composition. Some other embodiments include a fatty acid in an amount of from about 30% by weight to about 55% by weight of the marking composition.
  • the marking composition of the present invention also comprises at least one hard wax.
  • the hard wax also imparts desired hardness and mechanical strength to the crayon. Any suitable hard wax can be used.
  • a wax having a penetration of about 40 mm or less at 25°C, as determined by the needle penetration method set forth in ASTM D1321 is used.
  • hard waxes examples include candelilla wax, carnauba wax, beeswax, microcrystalline wax, fatty acid esters, and alkali and alkaline earth metal and ammonium salts of fatty acids, and combinations thereof. Any other appropriate hard wax may be used.
  • Suitable hard waxes are commercially available. Examples include the synthetic candelilla wax having a melting point of 72.5-82.5°C, an acid value of 14-25, a saponification value of 44-66, and a needle penetration of 1-4 mm (lOOg, 5 sec, 25°C) , and available from Koster
  • Keunen, Inc. in Watertown, Connecticut. This wax has the general composition of 50% hydrocarbons, 40% esters and 10% acids by weight. Other examples of hard waxes available from Koster Keunen, Inc. are set forth in Table 1 below along with their physical properties.
  • Natural hard waxes such as paraffin wax, candelilla wax, beeswax, carnauba wax, ceresine wax, and ozokerite wax which are suitable for use in the composition of the present invention can also be obtained from Koster Keunen, Inc.
  • Natural candellilla wax contains approximately 50% hydrocarbons, 28% esters, 12% neutral resins, and 7% acids.
  • the natural beeswax contains about 70% esters, 13% hydrocarbons, 12% fatty acids, and 4% fatty alcohols.
  • Natural carnauba wax contains about 70% monoesters, 15% free alcohols, 5% fatty acids, 5% resins, and 5% other materials.
  • Natural ceresine wax is a blend of hydrocarbon mineral waxes mainly consisting of parafin waxes, and has a melting point of 130-170°F.
  • Ozokerite wax is a blend of hydrocarbon mineral waxes mainly consisting of microcrystalline wax and has a melting point of 160-180°F.
  • Microcrystalline wax may be a hard wax or a soft wax.
  • a hard microcrystalline wax suitable for use in the present invention can be obtained from Witco in Greenwich, Connecticut, as MULTIWAX W445, having a melting point of 54-102°C.
  • examples of other commercially available hard waxes include the Polymer Wax AV518 having a drop point of 50-55°C (ASTM D3 954) and a zero acid content is available from Hoechst Celanese, Somerville, New Jersey.
  • Hoechst Wax LP is a hard acid wax having a drop point of 82-89°C (ASTM D 566) and an acid number of 113-130.
  • Hoechst Wax S is also a hard acid wax having a drop point of 81-87°C (ASTM D 566) and an acid number of 130-150.
  • Hoechst Wax E is an ester derived from Montan wax having a drop point of 79-85°C (ASTM D 566) and an acid number of 15-20.
  • Hoechst Wax F has a drop point of 77-83°C (ASTM D 566) and an acid number of 6-10.
  • Hoechst Wax KSL is a hard ester wax having a drop point of 80-85°C (ASTM D 566) and an acid number of 28-38.
  • LIPOWAXTM KB2- 46-2 is a hard, cream-colored wax produced by Lipo Chemicals, Inc. in Paterson, New Jersey, and has a melting point of approximately 60°C. The composition of LIPOWAX KB2-46-2 is believed to be a trade secret.
  • Table I describes, but does not in any way limit, hard waxes suitable for use in the present invention is presented below. Table I details various properties of the hard waxes set forth therein.
  • H.V. hydroxy value
  • I.V. iodine value
  • K-80D22 is a hard wax comprising straight chain even numbered diesters
  • the hard wax can be present in an amount of up to about 64% by weight of the marking composition. In certain embodiments, the hard wax is present in an amount of from about 39% by weight to about 64% by weight of the marking composition, and preferably in an amount of from about 45% by weight to about 55% by weight of the marking composition. Excessive amounts of hard wax can adversely affect the laydown property. In certain other embodiments, for example, where the amount of emollient is low or none, the hard wax can be present in an amount of from about 10% by weight to about 30% by weight of the marking composition, and preferably in an amount of from about 15% by weight to about 25% by weight of the marking composition.
  • the compositions of the invention also include an emollient, a soft wax, or a combination of an emollient and a soft wax.
  • an emollient preferably is used in an amount that is substantially equal to the amount of soft wax, and more preferably in amount greater than that of the soft wax.
  • an emollient in compositions of the invention to enable the marking composition to be more readily and easily transferred to a substrate through normal application of the marking composition to the substrate.
  • the emollient thus provides a lubricant effect or slipperiness to the marking composition to facilitate the gliding of the marking composition across the surface of a substrate and to ensure a smooth laydown of the marking composition onto the substrate.
  • the emollient also assists in ensuring the retention of certain other ingredients such as glitter in the marking composition transferred to the substrate.
  • the emollient typically is a liquid or paste at room temperature and is preferably miscible with the other components in the composition, particularly the wax or the fatty acid.
  • the emollient may be a solid such as a flake.
  • Emollients such as lanolin oil and its derivatives, mineral oil, fatty esters, fatty acid esters, fatty alcohols, mono- and di-esters of propylene glycols, glycerol di-esters, mono- and di-esters of polyethylene glycols, petrolatum, vegetable shortenings, dimers and trimers of fatty acids, plant oils, silicones, and mixtures thereof are suitable for use in compositions of the invention.
  • Suitable lanolin derivatives include acetylated lanolin, acetylated lanolin alcohol, hydrogenated lanolin, lanolin alcohol, lanolin acids, isopropyl lanolate, lanolin wax, and hydroxylated lanolin.
  • Suitable fatty esters and fatty acid esters include isopropyl myristate, myristyl myristate such as that marketed as LIPONATE MM by Lipo Chemicals of New Jersey, and esterified fatty acid propoxylates such as polyoxypropylene (2) myristyl ether propionate.
  • tridecyl trimellitate such as that marketed as LIPONATE TDTM by Lipo Chemicals.
  • Suitable fatty alcohols include oleyl alcohol, and suitable vegetable shortenings include KREMIT ® (Armour, Omaha, Kansas) .
  • suitable plant oils include castor oil, coconut oil, olive oil, peanut oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, soybean oil, wheat germ oil, corn oil, avocado oil, almond oil, grape seed oil, jojoba oil, apricot kernel oil, palm oil, and sunflower seed oil.
  • Suitable silicones include DOW-CORNING ® 556, 593, and 1107 fluids (Dow- Corning, Midland, Michigan) .
  • emollients include longer chain hydrocarbons, particularly alkenes, such as polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block copolymers such as PLURONIC ® 25R4 and PLURONIC 25R8 (BASF, Parsippany, New Jersey) .
  • the emollient may be present in any suitable amount, for example, in an amount of up to 45% by weight of the marking composition, and preferably in an amount of from about 5% to about 25% by weight of the marking composition. Excessive amounts of emollients can increase the tackiness adversely. In certain embodiments, especially the embodiments having a large amount of a soft wax, the emollient can be present in a low amount or omitted while still maintaining the desired improved laydown characteristics.
  • Soft waxes suitable for use in compositions of the invention generally have a needle penetration of greater than about 40 mm at 25°C, according to ASTM D1321.
  • Soft waxes suitable for use in the invention include Lanolin Wax having a melting point of 52°C maximum and 0.56% maximum free fatty acid content and available from the Fanning Corporation in Chicago, Illinois.
  • suitable soft waxes include hydrogenated lanolin available under the name of FANCOL HLTM which is a mixture of fatty alcohols also available from the Fanning Corporation; hydrogenated castor oil available from Caschem, Inc.
  • LIPOWAX KB2444 produced by Lipo Chemicals which is a cream-colored wax having a melting point of about 90°C.
  • the exact composition of LIPOWAX KB2444 is believed to be a trade secret of Lipo Chemicals.
  • a soft wax is a hydroxypolyester which is 7-hydroxy isohexanol polyester having a melting point of 74-84°C, an acid value of less than 5, an ester value of 50-70, a hydroxyl value of 35-50, a needle penetration of greater than 50 mm at 25°C by ASTM D1321, an average molecular weight of about 1000, an average carbon length of 66, and an iodine value of less than 5, and is available from Koster Keunen, Inc.
  • Certain soft waxes, particularly the hydroxypolyester help to hold emollients used in compositions of the invention in place, thereby acting as gelling agents. These soft waxes help make the marking composition less oily to the touch.
  • any suitable amount of the soft wax can be used to prepare the marking composition.
  • the soft wax can be present in an amount of up to about 60% by weight of the marking composition. In certain embodiments, for example, where the amount of emollient is low or none, the soft wax can be present in an amount of from about 20% by weight to about 60% by weight of the marking composition. In certain other embodiments, for example, where an emollient is present in a significant amount, the soft wax can be present in an amount of up to about 4% by weight of the marking composition.
  • ester waxes may be naturally occurring waxes such as beeswax, carnauba wax or rice wax.
  • some synthetic waxes such as the Kester WaxesTM marketed by Koster Keunen, Inc., are ester waxes.
  • the Kester WaxesTM are composed of various esters which are prepared by esterification of natural plant fatty acids and natural plant fatty alcohols. By means of this process, saturated ester mixtures are obtained which can have a carbon chain length from 22 to 46 atoms.
  • Ester waxes may be mono-ester waxes, di-ester waxes, poly-ester waxes, and hydroxy acid ester waxes.
  • the ester waxes may be saturated, unsaturated or branched esters ranging from about C 22 through about C 100 .
  • the marking composition preferably contains a colorant which can be a pigment or dye .
  • the pigment may be an inorganic pigment, an organic pigment, or a mixture thereof.
  • the inorganic pigment is preferably iron blue, iron oxide, zinc oxide, ultramarine blue, titanium dioxide, or a mixture thereof.
  • the organic pigment is preferably an azo, a naphthol, a dianisidine orange, a lithol, a diarylide yellow or a phthalo pigment.
  • the pigment may be combined with a clay carrier, if desired.
  • Dyes either acidic or basic, can be used in the present inventive marking composition.
  • the pigment can have any suitable particle size, however, a preferable particle size is from about 0.1 micron to about 25 microns. More preferably, the pigment has a particle size of about 0.3 micron to about 20 microns, and, even more preferably, the pigment particle size is in the range of about 0.5 micron to about 15 microns .
  • Suitable dyes include the polymeric colorants REACTINTTM brand Blue x 3LV, Orange x 38, and Violet x 80LT, available from the Milliken Chemical Co. in Inman, South Carolina. These are dark viscous liquids containing the dyes Blue x 3LV, Orange x 38, and Violet x 80LT.
  • the colorant may be present in any suitable amount.
  • the present inventive marking composition preferably contains pigment in an amount of from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight of the marking composition, more preferably from about 2% to about 15% by weight of the marking composition. Where a dye colorant is used, it may be included in an amount of from about 1% by weight to about 3% by weight of the marking composition.
  • the marking composition of the present invention can contain additional ingredients such as glitter.
  • the glitter may be of any suitable material and will generally comprise a metallic material, a nonmetallic material, or, more commonly, a reflective material coating, such as a metal coating, on a suitable substrate such as a polymer or other solid organic substrate.
  • Suitable metallic glitters include particles or flakes of aluminum, copper, silver, gold, brass, or other metals.
  • Suitable non-metallic glitters include particles or flakes of cellulose acetate, poly (ethylene terephthalate) , polymethacrylate, poly (vinylbutyral) , and the like.
  • Suitable metallized glitters include coated metallized materials such as coated aluminum metallized cellulose acetate, poly (ethylene terephthalate), polymethacrylate, poly (vinylbutyral) , and the like. Coated aluminum metallized poly (ethylene terephthalate) is the preferred glitter for use in the context of the present invention.
  • the glitter may be of any color (e.g., silver, gold, blue, red, etc.) or even a mixture of colors. If pigment is present in the marking composition, the glitter may be the same color as the pigment or a different color from the pigment .
  • the glitter also may be of any dimensions that are suitable for use in such a composition.
  • the glitter is preferably less than about 0.05 x 0.05 x 0.005 cm (0.02 x 0.02 x 0.002 inches) in size, more preferably less than about ⁇ .03 x 0.03 x 0.003 cm (0.01 x 0.01 x 0.001 inches) in size, and most preferably about 0.02 x 0.02 x 0.003 cm (0.008 x 0.008 x 0.001 inches) to about 0.02 x 0.02 x 0.001 cm (0.008 x 0.008 x 0.0005 inches), or even about 0.01 x 0.01 x 0.001 cm (0.004 x 0.004 x 0.005 inches) or less, in size, although glitter which is too small in size may not exhibit a desirable glitter effect.
  • the glitter may be present in any suitable amount, preferably less than about 15% by weight of the marking composition, more preferably in an amount from about 3% to about 10% by weight of the marking composition, and even more preferably in an amount from about 4% to about 8% by weight of the marking composition.
  • the marking composition may additionally include a filler.
  • the filler preferably functions as a pigment dispersant or extender, if pigment is added to the marking composition.
  • Any suitable filler may be utilized, such as calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, talc, silica, clay (e.g., kaolin clay), feldspar, corn starch, mica, and mixtures thereof.
  • Examples of preferred fillers include talc and kaolin clay.
  • the particle size of the filler is preferably 50 microns or less, more preferably 25 microns or less, although if mica is used, the particle size is preferably about 25-75 microns.
  • Talc of about 3-6 microns average diameter particle size is preferred for use in certain embodiments of the present invention.
  • An example of a talc is NYTALTM 400, which is available from The
  • a preferred talc is a coated talc sold under the tradename Mearl Talc TCA by Mearl Corporation.
  • the filler acts to provide a shimmering effect to the composition.
  • Filler can also be included in compositions of the invention when a pigment is not used. In cerain embodiments, the filler improves the strength of the marking composition and the marking instrument .
  • Two or more fillers can be combined for use in compositions of the invention.
  • the mica particles can be coated with titanium dioxide. Such a coated mica is available as MAGNAPEARLTM from The Mearl Corporation in Charleston, SC. MAGNAPEARL can provide smooth laydown as well as a shimmer effect to the marking composition. MAGNAPEARL can also provide added strength to the marking composition and the writing instrument.
  • the filler may be present in any suitable amount.
  • filler is used in an amount up to about 20% by weight of the marking composition, and more preferably in an amount of from about 5% to about 15% by weight of the marking composition.
  • a cleanability additive can also be included in the marking composition of the present invention to aid in the removal of the composition, preferably with mild soap and water, from non-porous surfaces, such as table tops, counter tops, etc.
  • Suitable cleanability additives include polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block copolymers, polyoxyethylene alcohols, polyoxyethylene esters, polyoxyethylene ethers, and derivatives and mixtures thereof .
  • the marking composition of the present invention preferably contains a cleanability agent such as polyoxyethylene (12) tridecyl ether or alcohol, polyoxyethylene (10) alkyl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene (40) stearate, or polyoxyethylene (20) stearyl alcohol.
  • the marking composition more preferably contains polyoxyethylene (40) stearate (available as LIPOPEG ® 39S (Lipo Chemicals, Patterson, New Jersey)) or polyoxyethylene (12) tridecyl ether alcohol (available as RENEX ® 30 (ICI America, Wilmington, Delaware)), most preferably a mixture of the two.
  • Certain emollients may also act as cleanability additives or aid in cleanability, such as polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block copolymers, e.g., PLURONIC ® 25R4 or 25R8.
  • the cleanability additive may be present in any suitable amount.
  • the marking composition Preferably it is present in an amount up to about 5% by weight of the marking composition, and more preferably in an amount from about 1% to about 4% by weight of the marking composition.
  • Other additives may be incorporated into the marking compositions of the present invention in minor amounts.
  • processing aids such as foam inhibitors and mold release agents, as well as oxidation and UV stabilizers may be added.
  • These additives are typically used in an amount of from about 0.01% to about 5% by weight of the marking composition, and preferably in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 1% by weight of the marking composition.
  • suitable foam inhibitors include petroleum hydrocarbons such as FOAMKILL ® 614 (Crucible Chemical Co., Greenville, South Carolina) and cetyl dimethicone .
  • suitable mold release agents include the Group IIA metal salts of fatty acids, particularly calcium stearate.
  • suitable oxidation stabilizers include sterically hindered phenols.
  • suitable UV stabilizers include hindered amine light stabilizers and benzotriazoles .
  • the marking composition of the present invention may be prepared by heating the components to a semisolid, or preferably, liquid, state and mixing them together.
  • a portion of the waxes and fatty acid is heated above its melting temperature, e.g., to about 104- 116°C (220-240°F) .
  • suitable stirring means such as, for example, a disperser head mixer.
  • the filler and colorant are then added in sequence to the composition under continued stirring of the composition.
  • the emollient, along with any other additives such as cleanability agents and the like, are added to the liquified material, while continuing to stir the composition.
  • the composition is then appropriately molded, such as by pouring the composition into flatbed molds. The mold is cooled and the composition is shaped into suitable forms such as crayons .
  • the marking composition of the present invention is hard enough for children to handle and resists easily breaking, yet is soft enough to allow for the smooth and slick laydown of the composition on a substrate with minimal pressure in the course of the normal marking of a substrate with the composition. Rich and substantially uniform color is also achieved with the marking composition of this invention and there is less flaking than occurs with the "soft" glitter crayons disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,383,954. Thus, the laydown characteristics of compositions of the present invention are improved over such characteristics of previously available compositions.
  • the marking composition of the present invention is suitable for use in writing instruments, in particular, crayons, and may be applied to a variety of porous and non-porous writing surfaces or substrates.
  • the marking compositions of the present invention can be varied, depending upon the selection of certain of the major components and the amounts of those components. This allows the composition to be modified to achieve the desired laydown.
  • the preferred components include a hard wax, a soft wax and an emollient
  • the fatty acid may be included in an amount of from about 30 to about 55% by weight of the entire composition
  • the hard wax may be included in an amount of from about 10 to about 35% by weight of the entire composition
  • the soft wax may be included in an amount of from about 1 to about 4% by weight of the entire composition
  • the emollient may be included in an amount of from about 10 to about 40% by weight of the entire composition.
  • Filler may be included in compositions of the invention in amounts of from about 0 to about 20% by weight of the entire composition and colorant, such as pigment, may be included in amounts of from about 0 to about 15% by weight of the entire composition.
  • colorant such as pigment
  • composition of the invention prepared as follows:
  • compositions of the invention may also be prepared using a fatty acid, a hard wax, soft wax, and an emollient in a composition where the fatty acid is present in an amount of from about 3 to about 25% by weight of the entire composition; the hard wax is present in an amount of from about 39 to about 64% by weight of the entire composition; the soft wax is included in an amount of from about 1 to about 4% by weight of the entire composition; and the emollient is present in an amount of from about 5 to about 15% by weight of the entire composition.
  • filler is included in amounts of from about 1 to about 15% by weight of the entire composition and a colorant is included in amounts of from about 1 to about 15% by weight of the entire composition.
  • a dye colorant typically from about 1% to about 3% by weight of the total composition is included.
  • waxes included from about 10% by weight to about 25% by weight of the total composition are ester waxes.
  • This example illustrates the preparation of such an embodiment of the marking composition of the present invention.
  • the following ingredients were combined and melt mixed to obtain a marking composition having smooth laydown characteristics.
  • a third embodiment of the invention may be prepared where only the primary components of a fatty acid, a hard wax, and a soft wax are used.
  • the fatty acid is present in an amount of from about 15 to about 30% by weight of the entire composition
  • the hard wax is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 30% by weight of the entire composition
  • the soft wax is included in an amount of from about 20 to about 60% by weight of the entire composition.
  • filler may be included in amounts of from about 5 to about 20% by weight of the entire composition and a colorant is typically included in amounts of from about 1 to about 15% by weight of the total composition and more preferably from about 1% to about 5% by weight of the entire composition.
  • Stearic Acid about 15-about 30 LIPOWAX KB2444 about 20-about 60 LIPOWAX KB2462 about 5 -about 15 Paraffin wax about 5-about 15 FOAMKILL 614 about 0.1 -about 1 NYTAL 400 (talc) about 5-about 20 Colorant about 1-about 5
  • Example 3 illustrates the preparation of an embodiment of such a the marking composition of the present invention.
  • the following ingredients were combined and melt mixed to obtain a marking composition having smooth laydown characteristics.
  • Examples 4-15 A further set of examples of compositions of the invention (Examples 4-7) were prepared to enable a comparison with various prior art crayons. The following examples of compositions of the invention were prepared: Ex. 4 Ex. 5 Ex. 6 Ex. 7
  • Peg-40 Stearate 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7
  • Example 8 is a red crayon
  • Example 9 is green
  • Example 10 is yellow
  • Example 11 is orange.
  • Peg-40 Stearate 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.2
  • compositions of each of the formulations of Examples 4 through 15 were molded into crayons . Rubouts were then made using the crayons according to a standard test procedure as follows:
  • the crayon is then locked in the up position and the paper is re-positioned so that another rubout can be made next to the two-pass rubout.
  • the crayon is then adjusted so that the point rests on the paper with no pressure and the crayon is locked in place.
  • the 800 gram weight is again applied to the slough tester arm and the machine is turned on until the crayon makes three passes on the paper. At this point, rubouts from a total of five passes have been made.
  • the tester is then turned off and the crayon is removed from the tester. The crayon is then weighed.
  • the paper on which the rubouts have been made is then carefully removed from the slough tester and weighed taking care not to knock any flakes of crayon off of the paper. Any flakes on the paper are then lightly brushed off and the paper is reweighed.
  • the wear rate of the crayon may be calculated by subtracting the final weight of the crayon from the crayon's original weight.
  • the amount of flaking may be calculated by subtracting the weight of the paper with the rubout after the flakes are brushed off from the weight of the paper, rubout and flakes.
  • the transfer weight may be calculated by subtracting the weight of the flakes from the wear rate.
  • the crayons of the present invention as prepared in Examples 4 through 7 provided better laydown of crayon than the traditional crayon of Examples 8 through 11. While providing this better laydown, the crayons of Examples 4 through 7 produced substantially less flaking than the glitter crayons of Examples 12 through 15.
  • the marks made by the crayons of the present invention were of substantially higher quality than those made by the regular crayons (Examples 8-11) or the glitter crayons (Examples 12-15) . The color was richer and more uniform in appearance.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition de marquage appropriée pour préparer des crayons à dessiner comprenant un acide gras, une cire dure, un émolliant et un colorant. Dans certaines réalisations, la composition de marquage peut également contenir une cire molle. Dans d'autres réalisations, la composition comprend un acide gras, une cire dure, une cire molle et un colorant. La composition de marquage de l'invention présente des caractéristiques de dépôt uniformes lors de son application sur des substrats. De plus, au toucher, cette composition n'a pratiquement pas tendance à coller.
PCT/US1997/022930 1996-02-12 1997-12-12 Composition de marquage WO1998026017A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU58981/98A AU5898198A (en) 1996-12-12 1997-12-12 Marking composition
CA002275204A CA2275204A1 (fr) 1996-12-12 1997-12-12 Composition de marquage
US09/098,989 US6033464A (en) 1996-02-12 1998-06-17 Marking composition

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US76415196A 1996-12-12 1996-12-12
US08/764,151 1996-12-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998026017A1 true WO1998026017A1 (fr) 1998-06-18

Family

ID=25069830

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1997/022930 WO1998026017A1 (fr) 1996-02-12 1997-12-12 Composition de marquage

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU5898198A (fr)
CA (2) CA2219662A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998026017A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6033464A (en) * 1996-02-12 2000-03-07 Binney & Smith Inc. Marking composition
EP1146098A1 (fr) * 2000-04-14 2001-10-17 Sicpa Holding S.A. Composition solide de marquage pour un instrument d'écriture, un instrument d'écriture, couche de marquage optiquement variable et utilisation de plusieurs pigments variables optiquement
CN110003721A (zh) * 2019-04-03 2019-07-12 安硕文教用品（上海）股份有限公司 一种书写顺滑的彩色铅芯及其制备方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3933708A (en) * 1973-05-24 1976-01-20 Sun Oil Company Of Pennsylvania Crayon wax composition
US4978390A (en) * 1988-10-27 1990-12-18 Binney & Smith Inc. Washable solid marking composition
US4990013A (en) * 1988-10-20 1991-02-05 Hejmanowski Conrad L Glitter crayon
US5261952A (en) * 1992-03-31 1993-11-16 Binney & Smith Inc. Solid marking composition containing glitter

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3933708A (en) * 1973-05-24 1976-01-20 Sun Oil Company Of Pennsylvania Crayon wax composition
US4990013A (en) * 1988-10-20 1991-02-05 Hejmanowski Conrad L Glitter crayon
US4978390A (en) * 1988-10-27 1990-12-18 Binney & Smith Inc. Washable solid marking composition
US5261952A (en) * 1992-03-31 1993-11-16 Binney & Smith Inc. Solid marking composition containing glitter
US5383954A (en) * 1992-03-31 1995-01-24 Binney & Smith, Inc. Solid marking composition containing glitter

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6033464A (en) * 1996-02-12 2000-03-07 Binney & Smith Inc. Marking composition
EP1146098A1 (fr) * 2000-04-14 2001-10-17 Sicpa Holding S.A. Composition solide de marquage pour un instrument d'écriture, un instrument d'écriture, couche de marquage optiquement variable et utilisation de plusieurs pigments variables optiquement
WO2001079365A1 (fr) * 2000-04-14 2001-10-25 Sicpa Holding S.A. Composition de marquage solide comme moyen d'ecriture, instrument d'ecriture, couche de marquage optiquement variable et utilisation d'une plularite de pigments optiquement variables
US6793720B2 (en) 2000-04-14 2004-09-21 Sicpa Holding S.A. Solid marking composition as writing means, a writing instrument, an optically variable marking layer and use of a plurality of optically variable pigments
CN110003721A (zh) * 2019-04-03 2019-07-12 安硕文教用品（上海）股份有限公司 一种书写顺滑的彩色铅芯及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2275204A1 (fr) 1998-06-18
CA2219662A1 (fr) 1998-06-12
AU5898198A (en) 1998-07-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6033464A (en) Marking composition
US5383954A (en) Solid marking composition containing glitter
JP4884629B2 (ja) 耐摩耗性化粧組成物
US5561175A (en) Water base erasable ink compositions
AU650760B2 (en) Coloured cosmetic sticks
EP3532553B1 (fr) Composition de cire de marquage renouvelable, biodégradable
KR100359137B1 (ko) 특정한 에스테르를 포함하는 분말의 형태를 갖는 화장용조성물
US6039797A (en) Washable marking composition
WO1998026017A1 (fr) Composition de marquage
JP2001288039A (ja) 口紅用組成物
KR100787688B1 (ko) 수중고화성피막조성물과 이를 사용한 미조료 및 미조방법
JP3348209B2 (ja) 水溶性固形描画材
JP2916489B2 (ja) 筆記板用マーキングインキ組成物
US4537766A (en) Long-wearing eyeshadow compositions
HK40011106B (en) Renewable, biodegradable marking wax composition
HK40011106A (en) Renewable, biodegradable marking wax composition
KR20030097206A (ko) 입술 화장용 조성물
JPH10168378A (ja) 固形描画材組成物
JP2004359805A (ja) 水溶性固形描画材
WO2017057889A1 (fr) Composition de maquillage pour les yeux de faible viscosité, comprenant de la cire

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AU BR CA IL JP KR MX

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2275204

Country of ref document: CA

Ref country code: CA

Ref document number: 2275204

Kind code of ref document: A

Format of ref document f/p: F

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase