WO1999051079A2 - Systeme artificiel destine a la pousse des plantes - Google Patents
Systeme artificiel destine a la pousse des plantes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999051079A2 WO1999051079A2 PCT/BR1999/000024 BR9900024W WO9951079A2 WO 1999051079 A2 WO1999051079 A2 WO 1999051079A2 BR 9900024 W BR9900024 W BR 9900024W WO 9951079 A2 WO9951079 A2 WO 9951079A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water
- compartment
- capillary
- plants
- flexicar
- Prior art date
Links
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- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMIPFLVOWGHZQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(3+) Chemical compound [Mn+3] MMIPFLVOWGHZQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/04—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots using wicks or the like
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Definitions
- FIELD OF THE INVENTION - This invention is related to gardening, landscape gardening, plant physiology, hydrogeology, physicochemistry of soils, production and market of alive plants.
- the soil Since the soil is not inert chemically, the aquic conditions impose deep chemical redox changes making the liquid medium highly reductor, changing the solubility of some chemical elements (Vepraskas, 1992; Richardson and Daniels, 1993) and spoiling plants not adapted to such conditions. Then, the soil is a chemical system highly complex (Lindsay, 1979) where dissolution and precipitation of the solid phase controls the relationship of solubility in the aquic medium. Consequently, the soil is not a steady capillary linkage between underground water to unsaturated soil to cultivate most plants (Brazil Pat. PI9303689-2 and PI9202743-1) not adapted to these specific conditions.
- Soluble nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrogen gas (N2) by denitrification processes and occur losses of nitrogen from the system.
- Compost minerals of manganese oxide (Mn(III)) and iron (Fe(HI)) are reduced and their solubility in the system changes.
- the reduction order is the following: O2, NO3-, Mn oxide (HI or VI), and finally iron oxide (III) (Vepraskas, 1992).
- the soil under saturated conditions become a strong reducer leading to nitrogen losses from the system, changes the solubility of iron and manganese oxides leading to their translocation (Richardson and Daniels, 1993) in the liquid medium, and changing physicochemical properties of the soil system.
- a soil column does not supply a steady capillary continuity to resist handling, transport, and prevent mineral translocation in the solid system. This occur because the soil is a granular not continuous media susceptible to rupture and compaction by vibration of handling and transportation, and constant physicochemical transformation. Even so, its implementation has practical restrictions related to the physicochemical and biological characteristics of soils.
- the soil contains expandable clays, organic compounds ⁇ m several stages of decomposition, growth of small animals boring the system ans risking the function of the porous medium for water transmissibility.
- the liquid medium can be shaken by movements of handling and transportation without changing significantly its physical contact with the Flexicar. If the system is handled or transported, a possible compaction in the solid medium compartment increase the efficiency of the system by improving physical contact of the solid compartment with the solid particles to the Flexicar in the bottom. Since the Flexicar is flexible and hanging in the liquid medium, its capillary interaction and continuity is maintained by a better water contact. This invented system becomes highly appropriated for standing use, transportation, and handling without spoiling its functionality. Since mechanical vibration are beneficial and recommended to the assembling process ⁇ to accommodate the solid particles and increase the physical contact with the Flexicar. Efficiency and practicability of capillary action use depends highly on its continuity to transport controlled water to places required. This can be implemented observing the lateral and ascendent transmissibility potential.
- Optional devices can be added to assure improve functionality or usefullness to the system under several conditions applied.
- INVENTION ADVANTAGES - Water deposit that allows a high autonomy of water supply independently of water regimes of precipitation or operator maintenance. This autonomy depends on the storage size, water requirements of plants, and local microclimate for evapotranspiration. The water compartment can be connected to a water pipe for automatic refill. 2. Better plant performance: I. Constant water supply; II. Mineral nutrients supplied in balanced ratios; III. Continuous rooting aeration. IV. Lower disturbance of human intervention by lower plant handling. 3. Prevention of compaction of the solid; medium (soil) by maintenance of a constant matrix pressure of soil avoiding natural processes of wetting and drying.
- Solid medium compartment has a more appropriate format to prevent vertical compression force which occurs on conic pots as gravity pull combined to wetting (expansion) and drying (compression) leads to soil compaction. Better vertical balance because the base is larger than the top, making it safer and easier for handling.
- the system is complex in its natural functioning, but can be simplified in its practical application for having a low cost of production and maintenance.
- the system allows since domestic usage to ornamental plants up to agricultural industrial systems and silviculture of large size plants and artificial applied control to scientific research.
- ADVANCED TECHNICAL EFFECT Ideal system of controlled growing of plants artificially where two natural compartments, the water reservoir and solid medium (soil), are connected vertically by capillarity.
- This connection employs the Flexicar which is a cylindrical capillary conductor, flexible, chemically inert. It is an artificial medium non existing in nature. Longevity and efficiency of the system depends on the quality of materials used, technical assembling and maintenance adopted: It also depends on physiological knowledge of plants and their nutritional requirements, climate preferences, resistance to handling and transport, and adequate condition supplied for rooting in the solid medium. Plants have uniform and continuous conditions in the rooting medium actually non existent in nature. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION - The main component parts are the following: 1.
- Solid Medium Compartment This compartment is used to contain the granular solid part in a closed system standing always above the liquid part.
- the top should be larger than the bottom in order to prevent compaction of the solid medium by gravity pull.
- the bottom can be slightly unlevelled to promote a better water drainage avoiding saturated conditions.
- Squared formats allow conjugated horizontal composition in automatic systems. In underground systems, the solid compartment is lain straight over the soil. In hanging systems, the solid medium compartment is used for vertical support.
- Solid Medium Porous granular medium for rooting support of plants and for water transport from the Flexicar to the plant root system. It can be homogeneous, heterogeneous, or compartmented (transversely, longitudinally, or radially (circularly or transversely)) in order to supply ideal conditions of solid-liquid-gas to the roots attending specific plant requirements The distribution of solid-liquid-gas depends on the type and spatial arrangement of the material used.
- Liquid Medium Compartment Colored, opaque, or transparent compartment made of plastic, pottery, glass, or any impermeable material and non toxic to plants.
- the liquid medium compartment can serv to multiple solid medium compartments, joined or connected, and can have a water level regulated by the Capillary Gradient Controller in several dimensions and attaching format.
- the liquid medium compartment can be reduced in size and lose its function of support for underground systems or similar. This compartment can be of any size according to its expected autonomy of irrigation, plant requirements, climatic conditions, etc.
- Liquid Medium Pure water, or added of mineral nutrients, or added of any important substances to the working of the system.
- the water level should always be the closest possible to the base of the solid medium in order to reduce the vertical water gradient of capillarity rise.
- Use of buoy and/or piping to keep a constant water level is recommended for automatic and/or controlled systems.
- a system of buoy ⁇ t ⁇ control (Capillary Gradient Controller) different levels vertically allows an intended variation of capillary fringe height, also any temporary interruption of water rise.
- Attachment of Compartments The attachment can be of several formats (screwing, pressure, overlying, etc.) for supporting (ascending or descending) and sealing the two compartments together to prevent water evaporation with consequent salt build up in the internal parts of the system.
- the compartments can be attached in several ways observing the importance of the structure of the device and capacity of sealing the water compartment.
- the type of attachment will follow the size of compartments and nature of materials used according physical resistance always caring for practical operation of water refill
- Flexible Capillary Device - Flexicar It contains two distinct layers (Graphic Design 3/4), one constriction layer and one transmitter layer. It is a capillary device made of filaments of flexible material having hydrophilic fibers having high transmissibility by capillarity. Its insertion in the lower part of solid compartment, simple or multiple (well distributed), should be tight in order to prevent root penetration though the hole.
- Synthetic material must be used for lasting longer and being resistant to microorganisms degradation in suspension or in the solid medium.
- Water Level Indicator Optional device suggested for opaque pots. The goal is to show the water level indicating needed action for water refill. It can be made of plastic or glass, or another translucid material, considering appropriate consistency and aesthetics of the water compartment. It is suggested to be as closer as possible to the wall to prevent breaking by accident. If it has a scale will facilitate quantitative observation of water level changing. In automatic systems the water level indicator can be independent. More complex systems can adopt a Capillary Gradient Controller.
- Capillary Rise Breaker Layer of larger particle size (coarse sand, gravel, etc.) to break capillary rise before reaching the surface, preventing water evaporation, and making a closed system for the solid-liquid medium. This is important to ⁇ reduce water losses and prevention of salt buildup in the surface.
- Drain of Leachate Optional device, but considered very important to outdoor and automatic systems. Helps to remove excess of salts not absorbed by the plant and also to drain excessive water from precipitation avoiding saturated condition to the system.
- the drain should have small holes to allow only water pass through and retain particles of solid medium and roots. The drains can direct excessive rain water to storage for decanting and/or treatment. Stored water is reused later in the same system level or descendent below according to topography. The drain should be positioned closer to the bottom of the solid compartment to remove most the excessive water.
- Recharge Device Optional device very important to recharge water to the system, mainly to hanging, underground, or large pot size. It is highly recommended for automatic systems where water can be piped in continuously.
- the recharge device can be connected to a hydraulic pipe or local supply for a constant water level using the Capillary Gradient Controller.
- Flexicar Microtubule (Flexicar 3/4) Microscopic tubules that forms between synthetic microfibers having ideal conditions to translocate water by capillary action. Its efficiency increases by longitudinal disposition, continuity, and reduced dimension to ease molecular interaction of liquid phase with the porous solid phase in unsaturated medium.
- Transmitter Layer (Flexicar 3/4) Internal component layer of Flexicar having longitudinal fine fibers to make capillary microtubules for water translocation.
- Constriction Layer (Flexicar 3/4) External component layer of Flexicar having fine fibers threaded longitudinally or afflceTn ⁇ rdert ⁇ promote constriction and" supportrfor the internal Transmitter Layer.
- Display Indicator of Water Level (Capillary Gradient Controller 4/4) Display with a device to show the water level in the liquid medium compartment, and also to allow its regulation.
- Percussion of Leveling (Capillary Gradient Controller 4/4) Device to connect the movable gear to the Display Indicator of Water Level.
- Buoy (Capillary Gradient Controller 4/4) Floating element to trigger the device that controls water input as response to water level decrease.
- Cable of Buoy Rising (Capillary Gradient Controller 4/4) Flexible cable connecting the Buoy and the Water Input Controller passing through both the fixed and movable gears.
- Movable Gear (Capillary Gradient Controller 4/4) Gear that allows tuning of vertical distance between the Buoy and the Water Input Controller holding any water level steady for a constant supply.
- Fixed Gear (Capillary Gradient Controller 4/4) Fixed gear to support the of buoy rising.
- Water Input Controller (Capillary Gradient Controller 4/4) Device to control water input to the system in response to the elevation of the buoy by floating forces.
- Capila System The system can be manufactured in several sizes, forms, colors, and materials. Applied devices for water recharge will be produced in order to facilitate water recharge. Formula of mineral nutrients as solid or liquid will be developed to attend a wide range of plants and their nutritional requirements in several physiological stages. Important vegetal hormones for flowering, rooting or fruiting will be available to the public because of its easy application for specific j ⁇ oals.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention porte sur un système artificiel régulé, portable ou fixe (sous terre, en surface ou suspendu) permettant de cultiver des légumes dans un milieu granulaire solide à l'aide d'un système d'insaturation auto-régulé et réglable. Dans cette demande, on revendique le développement d'un système simple ou automatique où l'on fait pousser artificiellement des légumes de toutes tailles dans une phase solide-liquide fermée avec une alimentation régulière en eau et en oxygène sur les racines dans des conditions physico-chimiques appropriées aux plantes. Le système consiste en un compartiment (1) supérieur prévu pour le milieu solide destiné au développement et au support des racines, et en un réservoir (8) inférieur d'eau et une interface capillaire continue entre les deux compartiments formée par un dispositif capillaire flexible (Flexicar) prévenant les états saturés dans le système. Le compartiment du milieu solide est fermé dans sa partie supérieure par une couche de grosses particules qui empêchent l'ascension capillaire, l'eau devant alors quitter le système principalement par évapotranspiration de la plante. D'autres dispositifs pour la recharge (7) de l'eau et le drainage du produit de lixiviation sont proposés pour un meilleur rendement et traitement. Des modules externes permettent de récupérer les eaux de ruissellement, abondantes ou rares, pour les stocker et les utiliser à faible coût.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BR9803687-4A BR9803687A (pt) | 1998-04-04 | 1998-04-04 | Sistema artificial de cultivo vegatal |
| BRPI9803687 | 1998-04-04 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1999051079A2 true WO1999051079A2 (fr) | 1999-10-14 |
| WO1999051079A3 WO1999051079A3 (fr) | 1999-12-23 |
Family
ID=4070561
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/BR1999/000024 WO1999051079A2 (fr) | 1998-04-04 | 1999-04-05 | Systeme artificiel destine a la pousse des plantes |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BR (1) | BR9803687A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1999051079A2 (fr) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004030444A1 (fr) | 2002-10-04 | 2004-04-15 | Heimo Zimmermann | Systeme de bacs modulaire pour la culture de plantes |
| US6766817B2 (en) | 2001-07-25 | 2004-07-27 | Tubarc Technologies, Llc | Fluid conduction utilizing a reversible unsaturated siphon with tubarc porosity action |
| US7681356B2 (en) | 2004-06-25 | 2010-03-23 | Sensitive Flow Systems Pty Ltd | Irrigation apparatus |
| CN111296258A (zh) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-06-19 | 广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | 一种地埋式蔬菜种植用水肥一体化装置及其蔬菜种植方法 |
| CN111670733A (zh) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-18 | 北京口袋农园科技有限公司 | 一种阳台植物种植系统 |
| USD1011151S1 (en) | 2014-10-30 | 2024-01-16 | Curt Hummel | Plant stake apparatus |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3958424A (en) * | 1974-01-15 | 1976-05-25 | Horace P. Cotton | Liquid lifting and storage apparatus and method |
| US3898766A (en) * | 1974-01-21 | 1975-08-12 | Jacques B Goldstaub | Combination planting device |
| US4060991A (en) * | 1976-10-20 | 1977-12-06 | Olen Dennis Reese | Sub-surface irrigation method and apparatus |
| US4527354A (en) * | 1983-08-05 | 1985-07-09 | Michel Sellier | Implantable reservoir for automatic watering of plants |
| US4829709A (en) * | 1986-11-21 | 1989-05-16 | Rocco Centafanti | Self-watering flower pot |
| US4999947A (en) * | 1989-10-02 | 1991-03-19 | Dale Whitaker | Controlled wick waterer for planter pots and the like |
| US5375371A (en) * | 1992-08-31 | 1994-12-27 | Wells; Anthony L. | Watering system |
| US5644868A (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1997-07-08 | Lui; To Yan | Plant container water-keeping assembly |
| US5673512A (en) * | 1996-01-04 | 1997-10-07 | Dupre; Herman K. | Portable masonry pier |
-
1998
- 1998-04-04 BR BR9803687-4A patent/BR9803687A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1999
- 1999-04-05 WO PCT/BR1999/000024 patent/WO1999051079A2/fr active Application Filing
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6766817B2 (en) | 2001-07-25 | 2004-07-27 | Tubarc Technologies, Llc | Fluid conduction utilizing a reversible unsaturated siphon with tubarc porosity action |
| US6918404B2 (en) | 2001-07-25 | 2005-07-19 | Tubarc Technologies, Llc | Irrigation and drainage based on hydrodynamic unsaturated fluid flow |
| US7066586B2 (en) | 2001-07-25 | 2006-06-27 | Tubarc Technologies, Llc | Ink refill and recharging system |
| WO2004030444A1 (fr) | 2002-10-04 | 2004-04-15 | Heimo Zimmermann | Systeme de bacs modulaire pour la culture de plantes |
| US7681356B2 (en) | 2004-06-25 | 2010-03-23 | Sensitive Flow Systems Pty Ltd | Irrigation apparatus |
| USD1011151S1 (en) | 2014-10-30 | 2024-01-16 | Curt Hummel | Plant stake apparatus |
| CN111296258A (zh) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-06-19 | 广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | 一种地埋式蔬菜种植用水肥一体化装置及其蔬菜种植方法 |
| CN111296258B (zh) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-12-21 | 广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | 一种地埋式蔬菜种植用水肥一体化装置及其蔬菜种植方法 |
| CN111670733A (zh) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-18 | 北京口袋农园科技有限公司 | 一种阳台植物种植系统 |
| CN111670733B (zh) * | 2020-06-03 | 2022-05-06 | 潍坊果壳视界信息科技有限公司 | 一种阳台植物种植系统 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1999051079A3 (fr) | 1999-12-23 |
| BR9803687A (pt) | 2000-12-12 |
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