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WO1999000598A1 - Eolienne a roue haubanee - Google Patents

Eolienne a roue haubanee Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999000598A1
WO1999000598A1 PCT/HU1997/000032 HU9700032W WO9900598A1 WO 1999000598 A1 WO1999000598 A1 WO 1999000598A1 HU 9700032 W HU9700032 W HU 9700032W WO 9900598 A1 WO9900598 A1 WO 9900598A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
spoke
turbine
wind
rim
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/HU1997/000032
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lajos Székely
Original Assignee
Szekely Lajos
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Szekely Lajos filed Critical Szekely Lajos
Priority to AU34556/97A priority Critical patent/AU3455697A/en
Priority to PCT/HU1997/000032 priority patent/WO1999000598A1/fr
Publication of WO1999000598A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999000598A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/221—Rotors for wind turbines with horizontal axis
    • F05B2240/2211—Rotors for wind turbines with horizontal axis of the multibladed, low speed, e.g. "American farm" type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/33—Shrouds which are part of or which are rotating with the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/402—Transmission of power through friction drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/74—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades by turning around an axis perpendicular the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/75—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism not using auxiliary power sources, e.g. servos
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a wind turbine of spanned structure for the conversion of wind power.
  • the conversion of wind power is the source of energy putting the least strain on the environment.
  • Methods for its utilization are known for millennia.
  • the main impediment to the utilization of wind power is the wide range of changes in the velocity and direction of the wind in a given geographical point, and the difficulty of adjusting the conversion device to the changing velocity of the wind, furthermore a practically high-output wind turbine requiring large blade surface, and the necessity of dimensioning the structure for the highest occurring wind velocity.
  • Another difficulty is presented by the much lesser power of winds near the surface which results in the structures requiring high towers.
  • Wind turbines of horizontal axle produce the same output with a structure of smaller size than those with a vertical axle, therefore they are more advantageous and widespread, in spite of the latter not requiring adjustment to wind directions.
  • Adaptation to the changes of wind velocity is ensured by the adjustment of the blade angle.
  • An example of such a solution is given in specification PCT WO 90/07646 where, in case of exceeding a critical speed of rotation and/or wind velocity, the surface, perpendicular to the direction of the wind, is decreased and rotation is slowed preventing damage to the structure.
  • the solution given in specification USP 4, 111,601 is to adjust the blade angle as a function of the speed of rotation optimizing the energy efficiency of the turbine.
  • EP 0 391 702 Al the angle of the blades is adjusted by wind pressure while the surface, perpendicular to the direction of the wind, decreases and protection against attaining an excessive number of revolutions is also achieved.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a simple and comparatively inexpensive structure of high- output wind turbine of horizontal axle which does not require the plane of rotation of the turbine to be perpendicular to the wind direction and which meets high requirements of strength.
  • the solution is based on the realization that a spanned structure with self-setting blade spokes can meet high requirements of strength in a simple way and with comparatively small material requirements, i.e. inexpensively, whereas it is capable of adapting to a wide range of current wind directions even if the plane of rotation is fixed.
  • the spanned turbine structure serves for the conversion of wind power through rotation in a fixed plane around a horizontal axle.
  • the structure comprises a rim, a spoke centre and blade spokes.
  • the rim and the spoke centre are fastened to each other by the blade spokes spanned between them and attached to them.
  • the blade spokes are arranged in two rows, i.e.
  • axle of each blade spoke contains a torsion spring.
  • each blade spoke includes at least two stiff profilebo- dies, cables that brace them, and sails spanned on the profi lebodies .
  • the spoke centre contains an electric generator in its inside.
  • the rim joins an electric generator or some other machine through friction drive.
  • the structure of the turbine realized in this way is simple and comparatively inexpensive; it does not require the adjustment of the plane of rotation of the turbine to be perpendicular to the wind direction, and meets high requirements of strength.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of a preferable positioning of the turbine .
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of a blade spoke.
  • Figure 3 is a partial side elevation of the turbine.
  • Figure 4 is a view of a profilebody.
  • the turbine structure of the form of execution serving here as an example, comprises a rim 1, a spoke centre 3, and, preferably, thirty-two blade spokes 2.
  • the rim 1 and the spoke centre 3 are fastened to each other by the blade spokes 2 spanned between them and attached to them.
  • the blade spokes 2 are, one after the other, alternately attached to the two ends of the cylinder jacket of the spoke centre 3.
  • the axle of each blade spoke 2 is two torsion springs 11 and 18.
  • the spring rate of the torsion spring 11, attached to the rim 1 at the point of attachment 10, is lower than that of the torsion spring 18, attached to the spoke centi m e 3 at the point of attachment 15.
  • the torsion springs 11 and 18 can be longitudinally spanned at the points of attachment 10 and 15 with a spoke nipple. Torsion spring 11 going through the bore-hole of profilebody 9 is rigidly attached, through coupling 12, to the profilebody 9. Torsion spring 18 going through the bore-hole of profilebody 17 is rigidly attached, through coupling 16, to the profilebody 17. Profilebody 9 is connected to profilebody 17 by bracing cables 13 and 14 between which a sail is spanned. Torsion springs 11 and 18, constituting the axle of blade spoke 2, are closer to bracing cable 14 than bracing cable 13. The axial ly symmetrical cross-section of profi lebodies 9 and 17 is the largest near torsion springs 11 and 18 and gradually decreases towards bracing cables 13 and 14.
  • Profilebody 9 is proportionately larger than profilebody 17, so the side view of the blade spoke shows a trapezoid.
  • the rim 1 joins an electric generator, positioned on ground level, through friction drive.
  • the turbine is on its axle 6, supported by two posts 5, stayed by wires 4.
  • the spoke centre 3 rests on bearings around the axle 6.
  • torsion springs 11 and 18 hold the blade spokes 2, spanned between the rim 1 and the spoke centre 3, in such a position where the profilebody 17, bracing cables 13 and 14, profilebody 9, and the segment of the curve of the rim 1 near the point of attachment 10 are in one plane.
  • the other is parallel with the plane of rotation and rotates the turbine.
  • the extent of the turn of the blade spoke 2 is subject to the relative velocity of the blade spoke 2 and the wind. At the end of the blade spoke 2, closer to the rim 1, where the tangential velocity of the blade spoke 2 is larger, the extent of the turn is smaller then at its end nearer to the spoke centre 3.
  • This unequal setting is also furthered by the difference in spring rates.
  • As wind velocity increases the angle of turn of the blade spokes 2 grows. Consequently the component of the wind force, affecting the blade spoke 2, that loads the structure of the turbine decreases whereas the component that rotates the turbine is limited by the spring rate. Namely it cannot be larger than the force necessary for turning the blade spoke 2 by 90 degrees.
  • the individual blade spokes 2 assume the angle of attack, belonging to the velocity and direction of the wind, quickly and independently from each other.
  • the turbine works nearly optimally also when the direction of the wind is not perpendicular to its plane of rotation. In such periods the relative velocity of the individual blade spokes 2 and the wind will, even in case of a wind of permanent velocity and direction, continuously change within one turn of the turbine. Even in case of a change of 180 degrees in wind direction the wind will continue to rotate the turbine in the same direction as before.
  • the rim 1 is fastened to the spoke centre 3 by blade spokes 2.
  • the blade spokes 2 are loaded exclusively by pull, and the rim 1 is, characteristically by pressure.
  • the external force effect of radial direction which affects the rim 1, is resisted by the pre- spanned blade spokes 2 on the side away from the force effect whereas the effect of external axial force is resisted by the blade spokes 2 attached to the side of the spoke centre 3 facing the force effect.
  • the structural elements loaded exclusively by pull are suitably thin, their air resistance is minimal .
  • the blade spokes of the wind turbine adapt to the velocity and direction of the wind separately and quickly whereby the wind turbine works with satisfactory efficiency even when the plane of rotation of the turbine is not perpendicular to the wind direction; accordingly it need not be turned, it can be operated with a fixed plane of rotation.
  • Its construction is simple, economic of materials, and requires no auxiliary subassem- blies, accordingly it is cost-saving.
  • Its operation is safe, as the number of revolutions is limited without auxiliary braking.
  • Another unexpected advantage is that power take-off is simple.
  • Yet another advantage is that the turbine revolves in the same direction whatever the direction of the wind should be so it will not slow down in case of a change, if any, in wind direction.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une structure turbine haubanée, servant à convertir l'énergie éolienne par rotation sur un plan fixe, autour d'un axe horizontal (6). Cette structure est constituée d'une jante (1), d'une partie centrale à rayons (3), et de rayons à aubes (13). La jante et la partie centrale à rayons sont fixées l'une à l'autre au moyen desdits rayons à aubes, haubanés entre cette jante et cette partie centrale tout en étant fixés à celles-ci. Ces rayons à aubes sont disposés sur deux rangées, de manière à ce que leurs points de fixation se trouvent sur les deux extrémités de la chemise du cylindre de ladite partie centrale à rayons. Chaque rayon à aube peut pivoter facilement autour de son axe, de manière à s'aligner par rapport à la ligne droite formée par leurs points de fixation sur la jante et sur la partie centrale à rayons, l'axe de ces rayons à aubes n'étant pas identique à la ligne médiane des aubes. Lorsqu'ils fonctionnent, ces rayons à aubes s'adaptent individuellement et rapidement à la vitesse et à la direction du vent, de sorte que l'éolienne produit un rendement satisfaisant même lorsque le plan de rotation de la turbine n'est pas perpendiculaire à la direction du vent. La turbine ne doit donc pas nécessairement pivoter, et le nombre de tours qu'elle effectue est automatiquement limité. De plus, cette turbine peut être installée sur des poteaux étroits haubanés, et sa prise de force est facilitée.
PCT/HU1997/000032 1997-06-26 1997-06-26 Eolienne a roue haubanee WO1999000598A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU34556/97A AU3455697A (en) 1997-06-26 1997-06-26 Braced wheel wind turbine
PCT/HU1997/000032 WO1999000598A1 (fr) 1997-06-26 1997-06-26 Eolienne a roue haubanee

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/HU1997/000032 WO1999000598A1 (fr) 1997-06-26 1997-06-26 Eolienne a roue haubanee

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999000598A1 true WO1999000598A1 (fr) 1999-01-07

Family

ID=10988916

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/HU1997/000032 WO1999000598A1 (fr) 1997-06-26 1997-06-26 Eolienne a roue haubanee

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3455697A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999000598A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2300316A4 (fr) * 2008-06-16 2014-11-05 William R Richards Turbine frettée
WO2015059320A1 (fr) * 2013-10-21 2015-04-30 González Pérez Adolfo Turbine eolienne autonome à accumulation d'energie et applications

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB490904A (en) * 1937-02-06 1938-08-23 Alessandro Beldimano Improvements in or relating to wind power plants
US4080100A (en) 1976-09-28 1978-03-21 Mcneese Walter C Wind motor
US4111601A (en) 1977-02-02 1978-09-05 Richard Joseph G Adjustable windmill
US4140433A (en) 1975-07-10 1979-02-20 Eckel Oliver C Wind turbine
FR2430526A1 (fr) * 1978-07-05 1980-02-01 Paulve Marcel Rotor d'eolienne
DE2949057A1 (de) 1979-12-06 1981-06-11 Heinz Dr.-Ing. 5207 Ruppichteroth Meyer zur Capellen Windrad fuer ein windkraftwerk, insbesondere ein kleinkraftwerk
US4319865A (en) * 1979-06-20 1982-03-16 Richard Joseph G Windmill
US4324528A (en) * 1975-05-12 1982-04-13 Sven Svenning Konsult Ab Automatic regulating device for keeping constant the speed of wind-powered propellers
US4330714A (en) * 1980-06-26 1982-05-18 Smith Otto J M Wind turbine system
WO1990007646A1 (fr) 1988-12-23 1990-07-12 Helge Petersen Frein aerodynamique sur rotor a vent pour moulin a vent
EP0391702A1 (fr) 1989-04-04 1990-10-10 Archibald Watson Kidd Structure de pale d'éolienne

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB490904A (en) * 1937-02-06 1938-08-23 Alessandro Beldimano Improvements in or relating to wind power plants
US4324528A (en) * 1975-05-12 1982-04-13 Sven Svenning Konsult Ab Automatic regulating device for keeping constant the speed of wind-powered propellers
US4140433A (en) 1975-07-10 1979-02-20 Eckel Oliver C Wind turbine
US4080100A (en) 1976-09-28 1978-03-21 Mcneese Walter C Wind motor
US4111601A (en) 1977-02-02 1978-09-05 Richard Joseph G Adjustable windmill
FR2430526A1 (fr) * 1978-07-05 1980-02-01 Paulve Marcel Rotor d'eolienne
US4319865A (en) * 1979-06-20 1982-03-16 Richard Joseph G Windmill
DE2949057A1 (de) 1979-12-06 1981-06-11 Heinz Dr.-Ing. 5207 Ruppichteroth Meyer zur Capellen Windrad fuer ein windkraftwerk, insbesondere ein kleinkraftwerk
US4330714A (en) * 1980-06-26 1982-05-18 Smith Otto J M Wind turbine system
WO1990007646A1 (fr) 1988-12-23 1990-07-12 Helge Petersen Frein aerodynamique sur rotor a vent pour moulin a vent
EP0391702A1 (fr) 1989-04-04 1990-10-10 Archibald Watson Kidd Structure de pale d'éolienne

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
O.J.M.SMITH: "Sow wind turbines and reap the wind", SOLAR ENRGY INTERNATIONAL PROGRESS, vol. 4, June 1978 (1978-06-01), CAIRO,EGYPT, pages 1796 - 1833, XP002057170 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2300316A4 (fr) * 2008-06-16 2014-11-05 William R Richards Turbine frettée
WO2015059320A1 (fr) * 2013-10-21 2015-04-30 González Pérez Adolfo Turbine eolienne autonome à accumulation d'energie et applications
ES2539643A1 (es) * 2013-10-21 2015-07-02 Adolfo GONZÁLEZ PÉREZ Turbina eólica autónoma con acumulación energética y aplicaciones

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3455697A (en) 1999-01-19

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