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WO1999003027A1 - Interrupteur a semi-conducteurs - Google Patents

Interrupteur a semi-conducteurs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999003027A1
WO1999003027A1 PCT/AU1998/000518 AU9800518W WO9903027A1 WO 1999003027 A1 WO1999003027 A1 WO 1999003027A1 AU 9800518 W AU9800518 W AU 9800518W WO 9903027 A1 WO9903027 A1 WO 9903027A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switching device
circuit
primary
electric circuit
supply voltage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1998/000518
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Koichi Hayashi
Original Assignee
H.P.M. Industries Pty. Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by H.P.M. Industries Pty. Ltd. filed Critical H.P.M. Industries Pty. Ltd.
Priority to GB0000325A priority Critical patent/GB2341990B/en
Priority to AU80952/98A priority patent/AU733423B2/en
Priority to NZ502153A priority patent/NZ502153A/xx
Publication of WO1999003027A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999003027A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B39/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for operating incandescent light sources
    • H05B39/04—Controlling
    • H05B39/08—Controlling by shifting phase of trigger voltage applied to gas-filled controlling tubes also in controlled semiconductor devices

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an electrical circuit that incorporates a gate controlled solid state switching device and, in particular, to a circuit that provides for controlled load current flow during non-conducting intervals of the switching device.
  • the invention has been developed in relation to circuits in which the switching device comprises as triac, and the invention is hereinafter described in the context of triac circuits that are employed for controlling lamp illumination levels.
  • the invention does have broader application, for example in circuits that employ SCR's and other solid state switching devices to meet various controlled voltage and/or current supply requirements .
  • a further limitation in a triac circuit is that low power triacs typically are not capable of carrying large surge or transient currents, even for short durations, and to locate a current limiting element in series with a triac, for the purpose of minimising damage, would normally reduce the operating efficiency of the circuit to an unacceptable level.
  • One example of a consequence of this limitation is that the power factor correction capacitor for a fluorescent lamp must be placed on the supply side of an illumination level control circuit rather than, as would normally be preferred, at the lamp side of the control circuit.
  • the present invention seeks to avoid the above difficulties and to provide generally for controlled current flow in a circuit that incorporates a triac or other similar solid state switching device.
  • the invention may be defined broadly as providing an electrical circuit comprising a primary solid state switching device which is arranged to be connected in circuit with a load across a supply voltage, means for generating and periodically applying a gating signal to a gate of the primary switching device, and at least one secondary solid state switching device located in parallel with the primary switching device.
  • the or each secondary switching device comprises a device that is arranged to be biased into conduction and means are provided for generating and periodically applying a biasing signal to the or each secondary switching device in intervals during which the primary switching device is non-conducting.
  • the primary switching device preferably comprises a triac and the or each secondary switching preferably comprises a transistor.
  • the primary and secondary switching devices are located in parallel, they provide alternative paths for load current, and the path which is conductive during any given time interval will be dependent upon whether the primary switching device is gated into conduction or the secondary switching device is biased into conduction. Also, because the secondary switching device is one which can be biased into conduction, in the manner of a transistor, the device will not be subject to the constraints of a gated device such as an SCR or a triac. Thus, the secondary switching device may be employed to conduct current at a level that instantaneously is below the latching current or holding current level of the primary switching device .
  • the secondary switching device may be located in series with a current limiting element and so form a path which, when conductive, may be used to limit the magnitude of load current that would otherwise flow through the primary switching device.
  • Figure 1 shows a circuit which is suitable for controlling current flow through a load
  • Figure 2 shows a modified form of the circuit as shown in Figure 1, and one which is arranged for controlling the flow of energising current through a load in the form of an incandescent lamp,
  • Figure 3 shows an application of the circuit of Figure 2 to a fluorescent lamp circuit
  • Figure 4 shows a variation of the circuit of Figure 1 for controlling current flow to a generalised load.
  • the circuit as illustrated in Figure 1 incorporates a primary solid state switching device in the form of a triac 10 which is connected in series with a load 11 across an alternating current supply 12.
  • a control circuit 13 is provided for applying gating signals to the triac, either for gating the triac into conduction during a fixed interval of time during each half-cycle of the supply or, by exercising phase angle control, during a selectively variable interval of time during each half-cycle of the supply .
  • An alternative path for load current flow is provided by way of a secondary solid state switching device in the form of a transistor 14.
  • the transistor is located in a rectifier bridge circuit 15 and is arranged to provide a current path in parallel to the triac current path when the transistor 14 is biased into conduction by way of a control circuit 16.
  • the control circuit 16 is arranged to provide base bias for the transistor 14 at times during which the triac is not gated into conduction, so that the collector-emitter circuit of the transistor 14 provides an alternative path for current flow when the transistor is biased into conduction and the triac is not gated into conduction.
  • the two control circuits 13 and 16 may be arranged to provide for current flow through the load 11 for the whole of each half-cycle of the supply, even though the load current may from time-to-time have an instantaneous value which is lower than the latching and/or holding current levels of the triac 10.
  • FIG. 2 of the drawings illustrates a particular application of the invention to light level (ie, so-called dimmer) control of an incandescent lamp 23.
  • the triac 10 is connected in series with the lamp 23 and both are connected across the alternating current supply 12.
  • the control circuit 13 is provided for applying gating signals to the triac 10, as in the case of the circuit shown in Figure 1, but in Figure 2 the control circuit 13 comprises a gating circuit which is adjustable as to the phase angle at which the gating signal is generated during each half-cycle of the supply voltage.
  • the gating circuit may be configured in any of the ways that are well known in the context of dimmer control circuits and it incorporates a potentiometer for selectively varying the phase angle at which the gating signal is generated during each half-cycle of the supply.
  • two transistors 17 and 18 are provided as an alternative to the single-transistor arrangement shown in Figure 1. Also, separate base biasing circuits 19 and 20 are provided for the respective transistors 17 and 18. Diodes 21 and 22 provide load current paths during alternating periods of conduction of the two transistors 17 and 18, and current limiting resistors 24 and 25 are located in the collector circuits of the two transistors.
  • the gating circuit 13 and the base biasing circuits 19 and 20 are electrically connected in a manner such that base bias is applied to one or the other of the transistors 17 and 18 (in successive half-cycles of the supply) during the intervals during which the triac 10 is not gated into conduction.
  • the circuit as shown in Figure 3 of the drawings comprises a further adaptation of that shown in Figures 1 and 2, in that it illustrates a fluorescent lamp circuit which provides for illumination level control .
  • the lamp circuit incorporates a lamp 26, a wire-wound, iron-cored ballast 27 in series with the lamp, and a power factor correction capacitor 28 connected across the lamp/ballast circuit.
  • Some circuit elements that would normally be incorporated in such a circuit for example, a filament transformer (or a so-called filament driver) and a glow discharge starter switch, have been omitted from Figure 3 as being not directly relevant to the present invention.
  • the power factor correction capacitor 28 would normally have a capacitive value in the order of one micro- Farad to ten micro-Farads, and the charging current would typically be in the order of 300 amps during the initial period (say 100 microseconds) of each half-cycle of the supply. In order to protect the triac against this surge current, the power factor correcting capacitor 28 would normally be located at the supply side of the illumination level (dimmer) control circuit, with attendant disadvantages. However, the present invention permits the location of the capacitor at the lamp side of the illumination level control circuit, as illustrated in Figure 3.
  • the transistor 14 is located in parallel with the triac 10 and the transistor base bias control circuit 16 is arranged to provide for the transistor to be biased into conduction during the initial period of each half-cycle of the supply.
  • a resistor 29 is located in circuit with the transistor 14 and its value is selected to limit the rate at which the capacitor 28 is charged and discharged during each half- cycle.
  • the gate control circuit 13 for the triac 10 is arranged to apply a gating signal to the triac slightly before the base bias is removed from the transistor 14. That is, the triac is gated into conduction only after the circuit current falls to a level that can be accommodated by the triac .
  • Figure 4 shows a circuit and component values that might typically be employed in implementing the present invention in controlling current flow through a load 11.
  • the load 11 might comprise the fluorescent lamp circuit as shown in Figure 3 , in which case the circuit of Figure 4 will be employed for selectively controlling the illumination level of the lamp.
  • the current limiting resistor 25 is identified as a 100 ⁇ resistor.
  • the transistors 14 are connected in cascade in order to provide for a collector-emitter current flow at an appropriate level, typically in the order of 1 amp
  • circuits which are shown in Figures 1 to 4 are illustrated in a largely schematic way and it will be understood that further circuit connections will need be provided, for example to provide supply voltages to the control circuits 13, 16, 19 and 20. It will be further understood that circuitry will need be provided for synchronising operation of the triac gating circuit and the transistor base biasing circuit (s) in the manner as above described.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Discharge-Lamp Control Circuits And Pulse- Feed Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un interrupteur à semi-conducteurs, généralement prévu pour être utilisé avec une commande d'intensité d'une lampe électrique (11). Cet interrupteur comprend un interrupteur à semi-conducteurs primaire (10) sous forme d'un triac qui est prévu pour être connecté en circuit avec la lampe (11) par une tension d'alimentation (12) et un circuit de gâchette (13) prévu pour appliquer un signal de déblocage à l'interrupteur à semi-conducteurs primaire (10) à un moment prédéterminé pendant chaque demi-cycle de la tension d'alimentation. Un interrupteur à semi-conducteurs secondaire (14) sous forme d'un transistor est connecté dans un montage redresseur (15) et placé en parallèle à l'interrupteur à semi-conducteurs primaire (10). Par ailleurs, un circuit de polarisation (16) est prévu pour appliquer un signal de polarisation à l'interrupteur à semi-conducteurs secondaire (14) pendant des intervalles de temps au cours desquels l'interrupteur primaire n'est pas conducteur.
PCT/AU1998/000518 1997-07-09 1998-07-06 Interrupteur a semi-conducteurs WO1999003027A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0000325A GB2341990B (en) 1997-07-09 1998-07-06 Solid state switching device circuit
AU80952/98A AU733423B2 (en) 1997-07-09 1998-07-06 Solid state switching device circuit
NZ502153A NZ502153A (en) 1997-07-09 1998-07-06 Triac switching circuit in parallel with biased transistor circuit for lamp dimmer

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPO7789 1997-07-09
AUPO7789A AUPO778997A0 (en) 1997-07-09 1997-07-09 Solid state switching device circuit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999003027A1 true WO1999003027A1 (fr) 1999-01-21

Family

ID=3802078

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1998/000518 WO1999003027A1 (fr) 1997-07-09 1998-07-06 Interrupteur a semi-conducteurs

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AU (1) AUPO778997A0 (fr)
GB (1) GB2341990B (fr)
NZ (1) NZ502153A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999003027A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006006085A1 (fr) * 2004-07-08 2006-01-19 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Reglage de l'intensite lumineuse d'une lampe par derivation d'interruption de phase
EP1713167A3 (fr) * 2005-04-14 2009-05-27 Vimar SpA Dispositif de contrôle d'une alimentation de courant électrique

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3855482A (en) * 1972-09-05 1974-12-17 Borg Warner Solid state switching system for coupling an ac power supply to a load
US4097769A (en) * 1976-11-05 1978-06-27 Electro Corporation Circuit for controllably providing power from an AC source to a load
WO1982000549A1 (fr) * 1980-08-04 1982-02-18 B Joseph Dispositif de commutation electrique
EP0321798A2 (fr) * 1987-12-22 1989-06-28 Asea Brown Boveri Aktiengesellschaft Montage pour la commande d'un triac de puissance

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3855482A (en) * 1972-09-05 1974-12-17 Borg Warner Solid state switching system for coupling an ac power supply to a load
US4097769A (en) * 1976-11-05 1978-06-27 Electro Corporation Circuit for controllably providing power from an AC source to a load
WO1982000549A1 (fr) * 1980-08-04 1982-02-18 B Joseph Dispositif de commutation electrique
EP0321798A2 (fr) * 1987-12-22 1989-06-28 Asea Brown Boveri Aktiengesellschaft Montage pour la commande d'un triac de puissance

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
GRAF RUDOLF F., "The Encyclopedia of Electronic Circuits", Volume 1, Published 1985, by TAB BOOKS, (PENNSYLVANIA, US), page 372. *
GRAF RUDOLF F., "The Encyclopedia of Electronic Circuits", Volume 2, Published 1988, by TAB BOOKS, (PENNSYLVANIA, US), page 312. *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006006085A1 (fr) * 2004-07-08 2006-01-19 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Reglage de l'intensite lumineuse d'une lampe par derivation d'interruption de phase
EP1713167A3 (fr) * 2005-04-14 2009-05-27 Vimar SpA Dispositif de contrôle d'une alimentation de courant électrique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2341990A (en) 2000-03-29
GB0000325D0 (en) 2000-03-01
GB2341990B (en) 2001-06-13
AUPO778997A0 (en) 1997-07-31
NZ502153A (en) 2001-01-26

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