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WO1999029369A1 - Adaptateur pour generateur d'impulsions medicales et electrodes - Google Patents

Adaptateur pour generateur d'impulsions medicales et electrodes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1999029369A1
WO1999029369A1 PCT/US1998/026193 US9826193W WO9929369A1 WO 1999029369 A1 WO1999029369 A1 WO 1999029369A1 US 9826193 W US9826193 W US 9826193W WO 9929369 A1 WO9929369 A1 WO 9929369A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
input
output
electrode pads
adapter
positive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/026193
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Eleanor L. Schuler
David Dodd
Munawar M. Merza
Original Assignee
Cpr Medical, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cpr Medical, Inc. filed Critical Cpr Medical, Inc.
Priority to AU18131/99A priority Critical patent/AU1813199A/en
Publication of WO1999029369A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999029369A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
    • A61N1/375—Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings
    • A61N1/3752—Details of casing-lead connections
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/38—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for producing shock effects
    • A61N1/39—Heart defibrillators
    • A61N1/3904—External heart defibrillators [EHD]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to medical devices used in controlling the heart muscle of people or animals and the connection of such devices to the electrode pads which deliver electrical signals to a heart.
  • Heart attack victims are in fibrillation when a paramedic arrives.
  • Another 40% might be in bradycardia, tachycardia or asystolic status.
  • the other 20% might have plugged heart blood vessels, bleeding to death or other conditions that are not related to the electrical function of the heart muscle.
  • Fibrillation is a quivering, pulsating or erratic weak contractions of the heart. Inadequate blood is being pumped and death is usually certain if nothing is done.
  • An arrhythmia is any abnormal electrical and/or mechanical contraction of the heart.
  • An asystole is when there is no beat at all or a "flat-line" on the monitor.
  • Bradycardia is a slow beat, less than 60 beats per minute
  • tachycardia is a fast beat, over 100 beats per minute.
  • mechanical disconnection is the reading of an electrical signal in the heart but it does not "mechanically” or “physically” cause a contraction. So for heart to beat it requires electrical pulse into contractile cells that "respond" by contracting.
  • fibrillation less or no blood is circulating and thus all systems of the human or animal body are at risk. The longer fibrillation continues unchecked the more likely death will occur.
  • the electrical system of the heart is disorganized and erratic. The normal rhythmic beat is totally lost and electrical failure begins. Shortly the inadequate circulation of blood causes organs and tissues to be oxygen-starved and cell death begins.
  • Fibrillation is currently treated by an electronic defibrillator which delivers a shock via two hand-held paddles, or electrode pads, to override an impaired human or animal heart electrical system and to provide a life sustaining heart beat.
  • the electrode pads are applied to humans or animals on the shaved or bare skin at prescribed locations on the chest and/or the chest & back between the scapula and spinal column in various positions depending on the equipment recommendations on the proper use of that specific medical product. This process is familiar to those who view medical television shows and witness a shock so great that the entire body jumps. This shock is usually between 2000 to 5600 volts.
  • the popular conception is that a defibrillator "puts" a heart beat into a stopped heart. This is not true!
  • a defibrillator stops the quivering heart - after which, but not always, the heart may resume a slow beat (bradycardia). Paramedics then can use medications to speed up the heart and/or administer an emergency external pacemaker, also a medical pulse generator, to keep blood circulating while transporting the victim to a hospital.
  • an emergency external pacemaker also a medical pulse generator
  • Both defibriilators and external (non invasive) pacemakers require electrode pads with electrically conductive leads which plug into the pulse generators.
  • the present technology does not account for the differences between various manufacturers' models of defibrillators and the electrode pads through which the defibrillators deliver the voltage to the patient.
  • the connectors could be switched from, for example, the ambulance defibrillator to the hospital unit, then the patient would be exposed for only one to two seconds to non-therapy rather than, for example, one minute. It is known that about 200 millionths of a second might be enough time for a reentrant aberrant waveform to emerge within the myocardium if no pulsing is being performed. But in pacing, which is how most patients that were reached in time, would be arriving at the hospital, it would be expected that one or two seconds of interrupted pacing may not present much risk.
  • the present invention relates to the space between medical pulse generators, which provide pacing, defibrillation or counter-fibrillation, and human or animal electrode pads.
  • medical pulse generators which provide pacing, defibrillation or counter-fibrillation, and human or animal electrode pads.
  • the adapter is specifically designed for given types of medical pulse delivery equipment used for generating various kinds of pulses to perform cardiac resuscitation on humans or animals. Currently no such adapter is known to exist in the prior art.
  • the present invention is an adapter for adapting a variety of medical pulse generators to a variety of cardiac electrode pads.
  • the adapter has an input which connects to the medical pulse generator and an output which connects to the cardiac electrode pads.
  • a particular type of a medical pulse generator can be connected to a particular type of cardiac electrode pads given the type of input and output connectors of the adapter.
  • Each input has a positive and a negative terminal and each output has a positive and a negative terminal.
  • the input positive terminal is routed to the output positive terminal and the input negative terminal is routed to the output negative te ⁇ minal.
  • the positive terminals do not contact the negative terminals.
  • a plurality of adapters is kept as a set, wherein each adapter in the set has an input and output combination unique from all the rest.
  • the adapter has a multitude of inputs and a multitude of outputs. Each input is specifically designed to connect to a particular type of a medical pulse generator and each output is specifically designed to connect to a particular type of cardiac electrode pads. All of the inputs and outputs have a positive and a negative terminal. Each of the positive input terminals is routed to each of the positive output terminals and each of the negative input terminals is routed to each of the negative output terminals. The positive input and output terminals do not contact the negative input and output terminals. Two common electric "Bus-Bars" can traverse the center of this embodiment and the negative plus the positive bus supplies electricity to all connectors appropriately.
  • the medical pulse generator output is connected to the appropriate adapter input and the cardiac electrode pads' input is connected to the appropriate adapter output to enable a connection between the generator and pads.
  • Either the appropriate single input single output adapter is chosen for this purpose, or the appropriate adapter input and adapter output is chosen from the multiple input and output embodiment.
  • a primary object of the present invention is to provide an adapter to enable the connection between various makes and models of medical pulse generators and various makes and models of electrode pads.
  • a primary advantage of the present invention is that it saves time in treating critically ill heart patients.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that it enables use of the readily available medical pulse generator with readily available electrode pads, which have already been applied to the patient.
  • Yet another advantage of the present invention is the ability of a medical facility to retain its own equipment when transferring a patient to another medical facility.
  • Fig. 1 is the medical pulse generator, adapter, and cardiac electrode pads
  • Fig. 2 is the medical pulse generator output, adapter, and cardiac electrode pads input of fig. 1 ;
  • Fig. 3 shows an end view of the adapter input of fig. 1 ;
  • Fig. 4 shows an end view of the adapter output of fig. 1 ;
  • Fig. 5 is the input side of the multiple input embodiment of the adapter
  • Fig. 6 is the output side of the multiple output embodiment of the adapter.
  • Fig. 7 shows the input and output routing wires of figs. 5 and 6.
  • Fig. 1 shows medical pulse generator 6, adapter 10, cardiac electrode pads input 4, and cardiac electrode pads 2 and 2'.
  • adapter positive input terminal 16 can be connected to generator positive output terminal 28, and adapter negative input terminal 22 can be connected to generator negative output terminal 32 concurrently.
  • Cardiac electrode pads positive input terminal 26 can be connected to adapter positive output terminal 12 and cardiac electrode pads negative input terminal 30 can be connected to adapter negative output terminal 18 concurrently.
  • Fig. 2 again shows medical pulse generator positive output terminal 28, generator negative output terminal 32, adapter 10, and cardiac electrode pads input 4.
  • Positive routing wire 14 ensures connection between adapter positive input terminal 16 and adapter positive output terminal 12.
  • Negative routing wire 20 ensures connection between adapter negative input terminal 22 and adapter negative output terminal 18.
  • Adapter 10 is configured so that these routing wires do not make contact with each other and that the positive and negative terminals of both the input and output also do not contact each other and no shorting occurs.
  • Fig. 3 shows an end view of one embodiment of adapter 10 of fig. 1.
  • input connector 34 forms the casing for adapter positive input terminal 16 and adapter negative input terminal 22.
  • This particular connector fits a particular type of medical pulse generator output.
  • Fig. 4 shows the opposite end view of Fig. 3.
  • This figure shows output connector 24 encasing adapter positive output terminal 12 and adapter negative output terminal 18.
  • This particular connector fits a particular type of cardiac electrode pads.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 show the multiple input and output embodiment 100 of the adapter.
  • Fig. 5 shows adapter inputs 102 and fig. 6 shows adapter outputs 104.
  • Each of these inputs connects to a particular type of medical pulse generator and each of these outputs connects to a particular type of cardiac electrode pads.
  • Each input and output has a positive and negative terminal just as described above in the single input single output embodiment.
  • each input and output are labeled for quick recognition by the user and quick connection between the available medical pulse generator and cardiac electrode pads.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 show just one embodiment. Any number of inputs and any number of outputs can be placed on this adapter in a variety of configurations.
  • the type of connectors used for these inputs and outputs can also vary as discussed above.
  • Fig. 5 shows male connectors
  • Fig. 6 shows female connectors; however, any one of a number of types of connectors can be used as inputs and outputs.
  • adapter inputs 102 are shown as male connectors and are extendable by approximately six inches via a cord or other connection, see Fig. 7, from adapter 100 to plug into the medical pulse generator. This too is but one way of enabling the connection to the generator, many alternative connections are possible.
  • Fig. 7 again shows the multiple input and output embodiment 100 of the adapter.
  • Positive input interconnect wire 106 connects all of the positive terminals of adapter outputs 104 while positive routing wires 110, 110', 110", etc. ensure connection between the positive terminals of adapter outputs 104 and the positive terminals of adapter inputs 102.
  • Negative interconnect wire 108 connects all of the negative terminals of adapter inputs 102 while negative routing wires 112, 112', 112", etc. ensure connection between the negative terminals of adapter inputs 102 and the negative terminals of adapter outputs 104.
  • Adapter 100 is configured so that no positive terminal, interconnect wire, or routing wire contacts any negative terminal, interconnect wire, or routing wire and no shorting occurs.
  • the design allows the user to choose any input and any output necessary to fit the medical pulse generator and cardiac electrode pads available. It is even possible to connect one medical pulse generator to more than one set of cardiac electrode pads if this were desirable and feasible given the generator output.
  • adapter 10 Many wiring configurations are possible for both the single input single output embodiment of adapter 10 and the multiple input and output embodiment 100. Furthermore, if additional electronics are desired to, for example increase or decrease signal strength, they can be placed within the adapter. Or, a switching mechanism can be employed in the multiple input and output embodiment. Many variations of these adapters and internal configurations of these adapters are possible to accommodate the adaptation necessary between medical devices.
  • the user can readily connect the output of the available medical pulse generator to the input of the adapter and the output of the adapter to the input of the available cardiac electrode pads.
  • a Medtronics defibrillator could be connected to ZOLL brand electrode pads. This adaptability greatly enhances the flexibility and prompt treatment of critically ill patients.
  • the adapters can be manufactured by many standard methods including by molding two longitudinal half-shells that feature a wire routing channel from one end of the connector. Other methods of manufacture could be casting the electrical wires in place in a totally encased one step process or a continuous injection molding and wire insertion process can be used. Regardless of the manufacturing process there is no electrical connection between positive and negative poles of the connector due to the wiring and terminal encasement, which keep the two poles or buses separate to prevent any short- circuit.
  • the connection to the pulse generator and electrode pads is easily accomplished because the shapes of the adapter terminals only fit the electrode pads connectors and pulse generators in one way. The user can not make the connection if, for example, she tries to input the connector upside down.
  • the adapter can be installed or removed in a matter of seconds and makes no permanent alteration to the equipment. If the electrode pads that were specifically manufactured to accompany the medical pulse generator being used are available then the adapter can be removed. However, if only certain electrode pads are available to the medical personnel then the adapter is used for rapid installation and rapid treatment of an emergency patient.
  • adapters connect to different types of medical electrical pulse generating equipment which has been designed to perform defibrillation, non-invasive pacing or other electrical treatment or monitoring of the human or animal heart.
  • the adapter can be used in hospital emergency rooms, ambulances or anywhere electrical cardiac treatment equipment exists. It can be carried in cardiac care ambulances or made available in emergency rooms where they can be utilized in situations where the necessary pads are out of supply. Then the medical personnel can use available electrode pads most promptly and thus impose the best medical treatment given the critical nature of heart attack treatment.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif permettant d'adapter diverses sorties de générateurs (6) d'impulsions médicales à diverses entrées d'électrodes (2) cardiaques. L'adaptateur (10) permet d'utiliser le générateur (6) d'impulsions médicales disponible en liaison avec l'électrode cardiaque disponible.
PCT/US1998/026193 1997-12-09 1998-12-09 Adaptateur pour generateur d'impulsions medicales et electrodes WO1999029369A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU18131/99A AU1813199A (en) 1997-12-09 1998-12-09 Adapter for medical pulse generators and electrode pads

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US6815297P 1997-12-09 1997-12-09
US60/068,152 1997-12-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999029369A1 true WO1999029369A1 (fr) 1999-06-17

Family

ID=22080747

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1998/026193 WO1999029369A1 (fr) 1997-12-09 1998-12-09 Adaptateur pour generateur d'impulsions medicales et electrodes

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1813199A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999029369A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004060482A1 (fr) * 2003-01-02 2004-07-22 Medtronic Physio-Control Corp. Communication entre des dispositifs medicaux
US8417327B2 (en) 2002-06-20 2013-04-09 Physio-Control, Inc. Variable frequency impedance measurement

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5441520A (en) * 1993-04-06 1995-08-15 Hewlett-Packard Corporation Defibrillator patient connection system with automatic identification
US5679026A (en) * 1995-12-21 1997-10-21 Ventritex, Inc. Header adapter for an implantable cardiac stimulation device
US5782892A (en) * 1997-04-25 1998-07-21 Medtronic, Inc. Medical lead adaptor for external medical device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5441520A (en) * 1993-04-06 1995-08-15 Hewlett-Packard Corporation Defibrillator patient connection system with automatic identification
US5679026A (en) * 1995-12-21 1997-10-21 Ventritex, Inc. Header adapter for an implantable cardiac stimulation device
US5782892A (en) * 1997-04-25 1998-07-21 Medtronic, Inc. Medical lead adaptor for external medical device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8417327B2 (en) 2002-06-20 2013-04-09 Physio-Control, Inc. Variable frequency impedance measurement
WO2004060482A1 (fr) * 2003-01-02 2004-07-22 Medtronic Physio-Control Corp. Communication entre des dispositifs medicaux

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1813199A (en) 1999-06-28

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