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WO1999035390A1 - Arrangement for exhaust gas recirculation - Google Patents

Arrangement for exhaust gas recirculation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999035390A1
WO1999035390A1 PCT/SE1998/002374 SE9802374W WO9935390A1 WO 1999035390 A1 WO1999035390 A1 WO 1999035390A1 SE 9802374 W SE9802374 W SE 9802374W WO 9935390 A1 WO9935390 A1 WO 9935390A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
egr
valve
turbine
exhaust gas
exhaust
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1998/002374
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Tom LÖNNQVIST
Original Assignee
Scania Cv Aktiebolag (Publ)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scania Cv Aktiebolag (Publ) filed Critical Scania Cv Aktiebolag (Publ)
Publication of WO1999035390A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999035390A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D21/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas
    • F02D21/06—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to engines having other non-fuel gas added to combustion air
    • F02D21/08—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to engines having other non-fuel gas added to combustion air the other gas being the exhaust gas of engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/02—Gas passages between engine outlet and pump drive, e.g. reservoirs
    • F02B37/025—Multiple scrolls or multiple gas passages guiding the gas to the pump drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
    • F02M26/16—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system with EGR valves located at or near the connection to the exhaust system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/51—EGR valves combined with other devices, e.g. with intake valves or compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/65—Constructional details of EGR valves
    • F02M26/70—Flap valves; Rotary valves; Sliding valves; Resilient valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for exhaust gas recirculation (Exhaust Gas Recycling - EGR) in accordance with the preamble to patent claim 1.
  • the basic object of EGR is better fuel economy and cleaner exhaust gases. It is particularly concerned with fulfilling the stringent environmental requirements regarding emissions which are particularly likely to apply to diesel engines.
  • an EGR pump is used to raise the pressure of the return gases so that they can be fed to the engine's inlet side against the inlet pressure, which in a normally operating diesel engine is higher than the exhaust pressure.
  • a representative case of this state of the art is described in WO 96/18030, in which an EGR turbine arranged after the charging turbine is used for driving a compressor which increases the pressure of the EGR gases and thereby feeds the latter in via the inlet manifold to the engine's inlet side.
  • US-A-4445 488 refers to a device of the kind mentioned in the introduction in which the EGR gases are led by their own pressure from the exhaust side to the inlet side via a valved recirculating line. This is made possible by the turbine being dimensioned so that there is in the exhaust line a certain desired counterpressure which is used for recirculation.
  • the state of the art according to that document does in practice involve a great deal of line laying and valve incorporation.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a device of the kind mentioned in the introduction which eliminates the problems of the state of the art. This is achieved in the device indicated in the introduction by means of the features in the characterising part of patent claim 1.
  • the result is an integrated unit which reduces the amount of line laying and eliminates inter alia the need in self-transferring EGR systems for an additional separate exhaust manifold.
  • the invention also makes it possible to use the waste-gate technique which incorporates a bypass line to lead exhaust gases past the turbine in certain operating states. According to the invention, however, this is done in such a way that exhaust gases which would have been intended to be led past the turbine to the exhaust outlet become EGR gases instead.
  • the invention also makes it possible to use known and proven waste-gate technology, which means that components and control equipment are readily available at low cost.
  • the turbine housing is also provided with a waste-gate duct which allows the proportion of EGR or bypassing exhaust gases to be controlled so as to achieve optimum combustion in the most diverse operating conditions.
  • a waste-gate duct which allows the proportion of EGR or bypassing exhaust gases to be controlled so as to achieve optimum combustion in the most diverse operating conditions.
  • Fig.1 shows a skeleton diagram of an installation of a device according to the invention.
  • Fig.2 shows in axial section a turbine housing according to a first embodiment of the invention, and
  • Fig.3 shows in axial section a turbine housing according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • reference 1 denotes a schematically depicted six-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine incorporating two exhaust manifolds 2 and an inlet manifold 3.
  • An EGR line (exhaust gas recirculating line) 4 runs in a conventional manner between the exhaust side and the inlet side of the engine and ends in the vicinity of the point where the feed line 5 enters the inlet manifold.
  • the exhaust manifolds 2 lead to and are connected into a turbine housing 6 containing a turbine designed to drive in a conventional manner a supercharging compressor situated in the inlet line 5.
  • the turbine housing 6 incorporates before the turbine a valve-controlled EGR duct section in one of the exhaust lines. Exhaust gas flows through the turbine housing are indicated by the arrows marked in the respective ducts, of which the large arrow after the turbine represents exhaust gases going to the silencer system (applies also correspondingly to Fig.2).
  • Fig.2 shows the turbine housing 6 with the turbine 7 driven by exhaust gases coming from the engine's respective exhaust manifolds 2 via the duct sections 8 and 9.
  • the reason for two separate exhaust manifolds is to prevent any unfavourable exhaust gas pressure effects between the various cylinders of the engine which might otherwise arise from an undivided exhaust manifold.
  • a controllable valve device is incorporated in one of these duct sections, 9, there is before the turbine impeller a branch leading to an EGR duct section 10 in which a controllable valve device is incorporated.
  • This valve device consists of a valve element 11 and a valve seat 12 and is used for drawing off a certain exhaust gas quantity to the EGR duct.
  • What is used in practice in this respect is a combined waste-gate EGR valve which combines the EGR principle with the waste-gate principle.
  • the valve is of course controllable according to the principle of achieving the best possible EGR transfer even when waste-gate draw-off is not taking place.
  • Controllability means that the valve is controlled with a view to optimising the operation of the engine and/or minimising emissions, e.g. during heavy load the valve is closed so that maximum power is fed to the turbine and hence to the supercharging compressor.
  • Control of the valve/valves in this context is preferably by means of a control system based on such operating data as engine speed, fuel consumption, load, emissions etc.
  • the valves concerned are controlled by means of suitable movement transmitting devices which operate electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically.
  • a turbine housing according to the invention can easily be manufactured in a manner corresponding to the manufacture of a turbine housing with integrated waste-gate duct. Incorporating the EGR and/or waste-gate ducts, and the valves situated in them, as integrated units in the turbine housing simplifies assembly and reduces the space requirements of installations.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

A device for EGR recirculation in a multi-cylinder turbocharged combustion engine (1) whereby a valve-controlled EGR line (4) runs between the engine's exhaust side (2) and inlet side (3) and a turbine unit (6, 7) is accommodated in a turbine housing (6) into which exhaust gas manifolds lead from the exhaust ducts of the cylinders. The turbine housing (6) incorporates an EGR duct section (10) which is arranged to draw from an exhaust gas flow heading for the turbine (7) and in which an EGR valve (11, 12) is arranged.

Description

Arrangement for exhaust gas recirculation
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a device for exhaust gas recirculation (Exhaust Gas Recycling - EGR) in accordance with the preamble to patent claim 1.
The basic object of EGR is better fuel economy and cleaner exhaust gases. It is particularly concerned with fulfilling the stringent environmental requirements regarding emissions which are particularly likely to apply to diesel engines.
In a known EGR device, an EGR pump is used to raise the pressure of the return gases so that they can be fed to the engine's inlet side against the inlet pressure, which in a normally operating diesel engine is higher than the exhaust pressure. A representative case of this state of the art is described in WO 96/18030, in which an EGR turbine arranged after the charging turbine is used for driving a compressor which increases the pressure of the EGR gases and thereby feeds the latter in via the inlet manifold to the engine's inlet side.
PROBLEMS WITH THE STATE OFTHE ART
The state of the art entails disadvantages owing to the complexity and relatively high cost of manufacturing and installing the additional turbine/compressor. The many parts involved also increase the servicing requirements of the installation.
US-A-4445 488 refers to a device of the kind mentioned in the introduction in which the EGR gases are led by their own pressure from the exhaust side to the inlet side via a valved recirculating line. This is made possible by the turbine being dimensioned so that there is in the exhaust line a certain desired counterpressure which is used for recirculation. However, the state of the art according to that document does in practice involve a great deal of line laying and valve incorporation. OBJECTS AND MOST IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide a device of the kind mentioned in the introduction which eliminates the problems of the state of the art. This is achieved in the device indicated in the introduction by means of the features in the characterising part of patent claim 1.
The result is an integrated unit which reduces the amount of line laying and eliminates inter alia the need in self-transferring EGR systems for an additional separate exhaust manifold.
The invention also makes it possible to use the waste-gate technique which incorporates a bypass line to lead exhaust gases past the turbine in certain operating states. According to the invention, however, this is done in such a way that exhaust gases which would have been intended to be led past the turbine to the exhaust outlet become EGR gases instead.
The invention also makes it possible to use known and proven waste-gate technology, which means that components and control equipment are readily available at low cost.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the turbine housing is also provided with a waste-gate duct which allows the proportion of EGR or bypassing exhaust gases to be controlled so as to achieve optimum combustion in the most diverse operating conditions. Combining the valve functions with the turbine housing results in an uncomplicated and economic design and in easy and extremely service-friendly installation.
Further advantages are achieved by the characteristics in the other dependent claims and are indicated by the following description of an embodiment with reference to the attached drawings. LIST OF DRAWINGS
Fig.1 shows a skeleton diagram of an installation of a device according to the invention. Fig.2 shows in axial section a turbine housing according to a first embodiment of the invention, and
Fig.3 shows in axial section a turbine housing according to a second embodiment of the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
In Fig.l, reference 1 denotes a schematically depicted six-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine incorporating two exhaust manifolds 2 and an inlet manifold 3. An EGR line (exhaust gas recirculating line) 4 runs in a conventional manner between the exhaust side and the inlet side of the engine and ends in the vicinity of the point where the feed line 5 enters the inlet manifold. The exhaust manifolds 2 lead to and are connected into a turbine housing 6 containing a turbine designed to drive in a conventional manner a supercharging compressor situated in the inlet line 5. The turbine housing 6 incorporates before the turbine a valve-controlled EGR duct section in one of the exhaust lines. Exhaust gas flows through the turbine housing are indicated by the arrows marked in the respective ducts, of which the large arrow after the turbine represents exhaust gases going to the silencer system (applies also correspondingly to Fig.2).
Fig.2 shows the turbine housing 6 with the turbine 7 driven by exhaust gases coming from the engine's respective exhaust manifolds 2 via the duct sections 8 and 9. The reason for two separate exhaust manifolds is to prevent any unfavourable exhaust gas pressure effects between the various cylinders of the engine which might otherwise arise from an undivided exhaust manifold. In one of these duct sections, 9, there is before the turbine impeller a branch leading to an EGR duct section 10 in which a controllable valve device is incorporated. This valve device consists of a valve element 11 and a valve seat 12 and is used for drawing off a certain exhaust gas quantity to the EGR duct. What is used in practice in this respect is a combined waste-gate EGR valve which combines the EGR principle with the waste-gate principle. The valve is of course controllable according to the principle of achieving the best possible EGR transfer even when waste-gate draw-off is not taking place.
Controllability means that the valve is controlled with a view to optimising the operation of the engine and/or minimising emissions, e.g. during heavy load the valve is closed so that maximum power is fed to the turbine and hence to the supercharging compressor.
In the embodiment according to Fig.3, the same reference notations are used as in Fig.2 for similar elements. The difference from the version according to Fig.2 is that the ducting is supplemented by a genuine waste-gate duct 13 which is provided with a valve device incorporating a valve element 14 and a valve seat 15. This solution makes it possible for the engine's operating conditions to be controlled for further refined optimisation by the gas flow through the duct section 9 or the whole gas flow being led along the following different paths: - to the turbine,
- partly to the turbine and partly to the EGR duct,
- partly to the turbine and partly to the waste-gate duct, or
- partly to the EGR duct, partly to the waste-gate duct and partly to the turbine. This enhances engine control possibilities in a variety of operating conditions.
The invention thus makes it possible for various separate functions to be integrated in the turbine housing, resulting in a reduced total cost of production and easier and more logical installation of the unit. Control of the valve/valves in this context is preferably by means of a control system based on such operating data as engine speed, fuel consumption, load, emissions etc. The valves concerned are controlled by means of suitable movement transmitting devices which operate electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically.
A turbine housing according to the invention can easily be manufactured in a manner corresponding to the manufacture of a turbine housing with integrated waste-gate duct. Incorporating the EGR and/or waste-gate ducts, and the valves situated in them, as integrated units in the turbine housing simplifies assembly and reduces the space requirements of installations.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS
1. Device for EGR recirculation in a multi-cylinder turbocharged combustion engine (1) whereby a valve-controlled EGR line (4) runs between the engine's exhaust side (2) and inlet side (3), and a turbine unit (6,7) is accommodated in a turbine housing (6) into which exhaust gas manifolds lead from the exhaust ducts of the cylinders, characterised in that the turbine housing (6) incorporates an EGR duct section (10) which is arranged to draw from an exhaust gas flow heading for the turbine (7) and in which an EGR valve (11,12) is arranged.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the EGR valve (11,12) is a seat valve.
3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the turbine housing (6) incorporates inlets (8,9) from two exhaust gas manifolds (7) and that the EGR duct section (10) is arranged to draw off the exhaust gas flow from one exhaust manifold.
4. Device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterised in that the EGR valve (11,12) is controllable at will.
5. Device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterised in that the turbine housing also incorporates a bypass duct (13) which is provided with a waste-gate valve (14,15) ( a so-called waste-gate duct) for bypassing the turbine (7).
6. Arrangement according to claim 5, characterised in that the waste-gate valve (14,15) is a seat valve.
7. Device according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the waste-gate valve (14,15) is controllable at will.
8. Device according to any one of claims 5-8, characterised in that both the EGR valve (11,12) and the waste-gate valve (14,15) may be opened simultaneously.
9. Device according to any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the respective valves are controllable by means of a control system which monitors the engine's operating state.
PCT/SE1998/002374 1997-12-23 1998-12-18 Arrangement for exhaust gas recirculation WO1999035390A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9704849A SE517599C2 (en) 1997-12-23 1997-12-23 Device for exhaust gas recirculation
SE9704849-0 1997-12-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999035390A1 true WO1999035390A1 (en) 1999-07-15

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WO (1) WO1999035390A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6430929B2 (en) * 2000-03-03 2002-08-13 Honeywell International Inc. Turbocharger with integrated exhaust gas recirculation valve
WO2006018255A1 (en) * 2004-08-18 2006-02-23 Daimlerchrysler Ag Internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas turbocharger and an exhaust gas recirculation system
FR3045732A1 (en) * 2015-12-18 2017-06-23 Valeo Systemes De Controle Moteur EXHAUST CIRCUIT OF A COMBUSTION ENGINE

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021004152A1 (en) * 2021-08-12 2023-02-16 Mercedes-Benz Group AG Internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4445488A (en) * 1981-10-20 1984-05-01 Nippon Soken, Inc. Exhaust gas recirculation control for diesel engine
US5142868A (en) * 1990-11-30 1992-09-01 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Turbocompound engine with power turbine bypass control
US5673559A (en) * 1995-11-24 1997-10-07 Benson; Steven R. Turbine housing system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4445488A (en) * 1981-10-20 1984-05-01 Nippon Soken, Inc. Exhaust gas recirculation control for diesel engine
US5142868A (en) * 1990-11-30 1992-09-01 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Turbocompound engine with power turbine bypass control
US5673559A (en) * 1995-11-24 1997-10-07 Benson; Steven R. Turbine housing system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6430929B2 (en) * 2000-03-03 2002-08-13 Honeywell International Inc. Turbocharger with integrated exhaust gas recirculation valve
WO2006018255A1 (en) * 2004-08-18 2006-02-23 Daimlerchrysler Ag Internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas turbocharger and an exhaust gas recirculation system
JP2008510097A (en) * 2004-08-18 2008-04-03 ダイムラー・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト Internal combustion engine having an exhaust turbocharger and an exhaust gas recirculation device
US7562529B2 (en) 2004-08-18 2009-07-21 Daimler Ag Internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas turbocharger and an exhaust gas recirculation system
FR3045732A1 (en) * 2015-12-18 2017-06-23 Valeo Systemes De Controle Moteur EXHAUST CIRCUIT OF A COMBUSTION ENGINE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE517599C2 (en) 2002-06-25
SE9704849L (en) 1999-06-24
SE9704849D0 (en) 1997-12-23

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