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WO2000051167A2 - Diode schottky et transistor mos monolithiques a tranchees - Google Patents

Diode schottky et transistor mos monolithiques a tranchees Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000051167A2
WO2000051167A2 PCT/US2000/003664 US0003664W WO0051167A2 WO 2000051167 A2 WO2000051167 A2 WO 2000051167A2 US 0003664 W US0003664 W US 0003664W WO 0051167 A2 WO0051167 A2 WO 0051167A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
trenches
layer
substrate
trench
schottky diode
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2000/003664
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2000051167A3 (fr
WO2000051167A9 (fr
Inventor
Steven Paul Sapp
Original Assignee
Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation filed Critical Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
Priority to KR1020007011930A priority Critical patent/KR20010024977A/ko
Priority to JP2000601676A priority patent/JP2002538602A/ja
Priority to EP00906031A priority patent/EP1095454A2/fr
Publication of WO2000051167A2 publication Critical patent/WO2000051167A2/fr
Publication of WO2000051167A3 publication Critical patent/WO2000051167A3/fr
Publication of WO2000051167A9 publication Critical patent/WO2000051167A9/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D8/00—Diodes
    • H10D8/60—Schottky-barrier diodes 
    • H10D8/605—Schottky-barrier diodes  of the trench conductor-insulator-semiconductor barrier type, e.g. trench MOS barrier Schottky rectifiers [TMBS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D30/00—Field-effect transistors [FET]
    • H10D30/60—Insulated-gate field-effect transistors [IGFET]
    • H10D30/64—Double-diffused metal-oxide semiconductor [DMOS] FETs
    • H10D30/66—Vertical DMOS [VDMOS] FETs
    • H10D30/668—Vertical DMOS [VDMOS] FETs having trench gate electrodes, e.g. UMOS transistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D64/00—Electrodes of devices having potential barriers
    • H10D64/111—Field plates
    • H10D64/117—Recessed field plates, e.g. trench field plates or buried field plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D64/00—Electrodes of devices having potential barriers
    • H10D64/20—Electrodes characterised by their shapes, relative sizes or dispositions 
    • H10D64/27—Electrodes not carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched, e.g. gates
    • H10D64/311—Gate electrodes for field-effect devices
    • H10D64/411—Gate electrodes for field-effect devices for FETs
    • H10D64/511—Gate electrodes for field-effect devices for FETs for IGFETs
    • H10D64/517—Gate electrodes for field-effect devices for FETs for IGFETs characterised by the conducting layers
    • H10D64/519—Gate electrodes for field-effect devices for FETs for IGFETs characterised by the conducting layers characterised by their top-view geometrical layouts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D84/00—Integrated devices formed in or on semiconductor substrates that comprise only semiconducting layers, e.g. on Si wafers or on GaAs-on-Si wafers
    • H10D84/101—Integrated devices comprising main components and built-in components, e.g. IGBT having built-in freewheel diode
    • H10D84/141—VDMOS having built-in components
    • H10D84/146—VDMOS having built-in components the built-in components being Schottky barrier diodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D84/00—Integrated devices formed in or on semiconductor substrates that comprise only semiconducting layers, e.g. on Si wafers or on GaAs-on-Si wafers
    • H10D84/80—Integrated devices formed in or on semiconductor substrates that comprise only semiconducting layers, e.g. on Si wafers or on GaAs-on-Si wafers characterised by the integration of at least one component covered by groups H10D12/00 or H10D30/00, e.g. integration of IGFETs
    • H10D84/811—Combinations of field-effect devices and one or more diodes, capacitors or resistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D62/00—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers
    • H10D62/10—Shapes, relative sizes or dispositions of the regions of the semiconductor bodies; Shapes of the semiconductor bodies
    • H10D62/124—Shapes, relative sizes or dispositions of the regions of semiconductor bodies or of junctions between the regions
    • H10D62/126—Top-view geometrical layouts of the regions or the junctions
    • H10D62/127—Top-view geometrical layouts of the regions or the junctions of cellular field-effect devices, e.g. multicellular DMOS transistors or IGBTs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D62/00—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers
    • H10D62/10—Shapes, relative sizes or dispositions of the regions of the semiconductor bodies; Shapes of the semiconductor bodies
    • H10D62/17—Semiconductor regions connected to electrodes not carrying current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. channel regions
    • H10D62/393—Body regions of DMOS transistors or IGBTs 

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to semiconductor technology, and in particular to a semiconductor device with a monolithically integrated trenched gate MOSFET and SCHOTTKY diode, and its method of manufacture.
  • dc/dc converters In today's electronic devices it is common to find the use of multiple power supply ranges. For example, in some applications, central processing units are designed to operate with a different supply voltage at a particular time depending on the computing load. Consequently, dc/dc converters have proliferated in electronics to satisfy the wide ranging power supply needs of the circuitry. Common dc/dc converters utilize high efficiency switches typically implemented by power MOSFETs such as those manufactured by Fairchild Semiconductor. The power switch is controlled to deliver regulated quanta of energy to the load using, for example, a pulse width modulated (PWM) methodology.
  • PWM pulse width modulated
  • a PWM controller 100 drives the gate terminals of a pair of power MOSFETs Ql and Q2 to regulate the delivery of charge to the load.
  • MOSFET switch Q2 is used in the circuit as a synchronous rectifier. In order to avoid shoot-through current, both switches must be off simultaneously while one is turning on and the other turning off. During this dead time, the internal diode of each MOSFET switch can conduct current. Unfortunately this diode has relatively high conduction voltage and energy is wasted.
  • a Schottky diode 102 is often externally added in parallel with the MOSFET (Q2) diode. Because it has superior conduction voltage characteristics, Schottky diode 102 effectively replaces the MOSFET diode eliminating the forward biasing of the MOSFET diode.
  • the present invention provides methods and structures for monolithic integration of a Schottky diode together with a high performance trenched gate MOSFET.
  • this invention intersperses a MOS enhanced Schottky diode structure throughout the trench MOSFET cell array to enhance the performance characteristics of the MOSFET switch.
  • the forward voltage drop is reduced by taking advantage of the low barrier height of the Schottky structure.
  • this diode will have an inherent reverse recovery speed advantage compared to the normal pn junction of the vertical power MOSFET.
  • the invention uses features of the trench process to optimize the performance of the Schottky diode.
  • the width of the trench is adjusted such that depletion in the drift region of the Schottky is influenced and controlled by the adjacent MOS structure to increase the reverse voltage capability of the Schottky diode.
  • the present invention provides a monolithically integrated structure combining a field effect transistor and a Schottky diode on a semiconductor substrate, including: a trench extending into the substrate and forming a gate electrode of the field effect transistor; a pair of doped source regions positioned adjacent to and on opposite sides of the trench and inside a doped body region, the doped source regions forming a source electrode of the field effect transistor and the substrate forming a drain electrode of the field effect transistor; and a Schottky diode having a barrier layer formed on the surface of the substrate and between a pair of adjacent diode trenches extending into the substrate, the pair of adjacent diode trenches being separated by a distance W.
  • the present invention provides a monolithically integrated structure combining a field effect transistor and a Schottky diode on a semiconductor substrate, including: first and second trenches extending into the substrate and forming a gate electrode of the field effect transistor; each of the first and second trenches having a pair of doped source regions positioned adjacent to and on opposite sides of the trench and inside a doped body region, the doped source regions forming a source electrode of the field effect transistor and the substrate forming a drain electrode of the field effect transistor; and a Schottky diode having a barrier layer formed on the surface of the substrate between the first and second trenches and disposed between two doped body regions parallel to the longitudinal axis of each trench.
  • a variation of this embodiment increases the width of the first and the second trench at either sides of the barrier layer.
  • the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a trench field effect transistor and a Schottky diode on a semiconductor substrate, including the steps of: forming a plurality of trenches extending into the substrate, with a first trench being adjacent to a second trench, and the second being adjacent to a third trench; forming a layer of conductive material inside the plurality of trenches, the layer of conductive material being isolated from trench walls by a dielectric layer; forming a doped body region extending into the substrate between the first and the second trenches and not between the second and the third trenches; forming doped source regions inside the doped body region and adjacent to the walls of the first and the second trenches; and forming a conductive anode layer on the surface of the substrate between the second and the third trenches, whereby a field effect transistor is formed with the substrate providing a drain terminal, the doped source regions a source terminal and the conductive layer in the first and the second trenches a gate terminal, and a Scho
  • Figure 1 is a simplified circuit schematic for a dc/dc converter using power MOSFETs with a Schottky diode;
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment for the integrated trench MOSFET-Schottky diode structure according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of another exemplary embodiment for the integrated trench MOSFET-Schottky diode structure according to the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of yet anther exemplary embodiment for the integrated trench MOSFET-Schottky diode structure according to the present invention
  • Figures 5 A and 5B show top views of the integrated trench MOSFET-Schottky diode structure for the embodiments shown in Figures 2 and 3, respectively, assuming an exemplary open-cell trench MOSFET process;
  • FIG. 6 shows a different embodiment for the integrated trench
  • MOSFET-Schottky diode structure of the present invention wherein the Schottky diode is interspersed alternately in parallel with the longitudinal axis of the trenches in an exemplary open-cell trench process; and Figures 7 A and 7B show top view of two alternative embodiments for the structure shown in Figure 6.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown a cross-sectional view of a simplified example of an integrated trench MOSFET-Schottky diode structure fabricated on a silicon substrate 202 according to the present invention.
  • a plurality of trenches 200 are patterned and etched into substrate 202.
  • Substrate 202 may comprise an n-type epitaxial upper layer (not shown).
  • a thin layer of dielectric 204 e.g., silicon dioxide
  • conductive material 206 such as polysilicon is deposited to substantially fill each trench 200.
  • a p-type well 208 is then formed between trenches 200 except between those trenches (e.g., 200-3 and 200-4) where a Schottky diode is to be formed.
  • the regions 210 between trenches 200-3 and 200-4 where a Schottky diode is to be formed is masked during the p-well implant step.
  • N+ source junctions 212 are then formed inside p-well regions 208, either before or after the formation of a p+ heavy body regions 214.
  • a layer of conductive material 216 such as titanium tungsten (TiW) or titanium nitride (TiNi) is then patterned and deposited on the surface of the substrate to make contact to n+ source junctions 212. The same material is used in the same step to form anode 218 of Schottky diode 210.
  • Metal e.g., aluminum
  • MOSFET source regions 212 are then deposited on top to separately contact MOSFET source regions 212 as well as p+ heavy body 216 and Schottky anode 218.
  • a preferred process for the trench MOSFET of the type shown in the exemplary embodiment of Figure 2 is described in greater detail in commonly-assigned U.S. patent application number 08/970,221, titled “Field Effect Transistor and Method of its Manufacture,” by Bencuya et al., which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. It is to be understood, however, that the teachings of the present invention apply to other types of trench processes with, for example, different body structures or trench depths, different polarity implants, closed or open cell structures, etc.
  • the resulting structure includes a Schottky diode 210 that is formed between two trenches 200-3 and 200-4 surrounded by trench MOSFET devices on either side.
  • N-type substrate 202 forms the cathode terminal of Schottky diode 210 as well as the drain terminal of the trench MOSFET (see Figure 1).
  • Conductive layer 218 provides the diode anode terminal that connects to the source terminal of the trench MOSFET.
  • the polysilicon in trenches 200-3 and 200-4 connects to the gate polysilicon (206) of the trench MOSFET and is therefore similarly driven.
  • the Schottky diode as thus formed has several operational advantages.
  • the MOS structure formed by the poly filled trenches 200-3 and 200-4 forms a depletion region. This helps reduce the diode leakage current. Furthermore, the distance W between trenches 200-3 and 200-4 can be adjusted such that the growing depletion regions around each trench 200-3 and 200-4 overlap in the middle. This pinches off the drift region between Schottky barrier 218 and the underlying substrate 202. The net effect is a significant increase in the reverse voltage capability of the Schottky diode with little or no detrimental impact on its forward conduction capability.
  • the distance W between trenches 200-3 and 200-4, or the width of the mesa wherein the Schottky diode is formed is smaller than inter-trench spacing for MOSFETs.
  • the distance W can be, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m depending on doping in the drift region and the gate oxide thickness.
  • the opening in which anode contact 218 is formed is even smaller than W, which may test the limits of the manufacturing process.
  • the present invention provides an alternate embodiment in Figure 3. Referring to Figure 3, a trench MOSFET-Schottky diode structure is shown that is similar to that shown in Figure 2 except for two variations. The first variation relates to facilitating the manufacturing process by enlarging the anode contact area.
  • the second variation is in the number of adjacent trenches used to form the Schottky diode (306), a number that is strictly arbitrary.
  • two parallel Schottky diode mesas 308 and 310 are formed between three trenches 302-2, 302-3, and 302-4. Since the area of the Schottky diode determines its forward voltage drop in response to current, Schottky structures with different numbers of adjacent trenches can be devised to arrive at the desired area.
  • a two- mesa structure is shown in Figure 3 for illustrative purposes only, and the embodiment shown in Figure 3 could use a single mesa as in Figure 2, or more than two parallel mesas.
  • Figures 5 A and 5B provide simplified top views of the embodiments shown in Figures 2 and 3, respectively.
  • an exemplary open-cell trench MOSFET process is assumed where trenches extend in parallel.
  • Figure 5 A illustrates nine trenches 500-1 to 500-9 where a single-mesa Schottky diode is provided between trenches 500-3 and 500-4 and another one is provided between trenches 500-7 and 500-8.
  • An active trench MOSFET is formed between all other trenches.
  • Figure 5B shows eight trenches 502-1 to 502-8 where a double-mesa Schottky diode is formed between trenches 502-3, 502-4, and 502- 5. As shown in both figures the distance W between the Schottky trenches is smaller than the other inter-trench spacings.
  • An alternative embodiment to that shown in Figure 3 for isolating Schottky trench polysilicon layers is shown in Figure 4.
  • the polysilicon layers filling the trenches are recessed and covered by a dielectric (e.g., oxide) layer 400.
  • a dielectric e.g., oxide
  • the present invention intersperses the Schottky diode structure between MOSFET structures in the mesa regions between trenches, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the trenches.
  • Figure 6 shows a Schottky diode structure viewed along a cross-section of a mesa formed by two adjacent trenches. As shown in Figure 6, the mesa is divided into multiple p-well regions 600 inside which p+ heavy body 602 and n+ source region 604 reside, and between which a Schottky diode 606 is formed by the junction of metal layer 608 and n-type substrate 610.
  • This embodiment yields not only a very small pitch low resistance trench gate MOSFET, but it also allows for the integration of a low N F diode.
  • Figure 7 A provides a simplified top view of the integrated trench MOSFET-Schottky diode structure according to this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the distance W between trenches remains the same for the Schottky structure.
  • the trench width can be modified in the Schottky regions to reduce W. This is shown in Figure 7B where the trenches in the interspersed Schottky structure widen to reduce the width of the mesa resulting in a smaller W for the Schottky diodes.
  • the present invention provides various embodiments for a monolithically integrated Schottky diode and trench MOSFET where the Schottky diode performance is improved by trenches with field effect action.
  • a performance trade off is introduced by the method and structure of the present invention in that by enhancing the Schottky diode performance with a trench MOS structure, additional input capacitance is adversely incorporated into the MOSFET. This additional capacitance degrades the switching performance of the MOSFET to some extent. However, in many applications such a trade off is acceptable. For example, in the dc-dc converter application shown in Figure 1 , switching loss in the lower transistor Q2 does not contribute that significantly to the overall conversion efficiency of the circuit.
  • the present invention provides methods and structure for a monolithically integrated Schottky diode and trench MOSFET.
  • a Schottky diode By distributing a Schottky diode within the cell array of the trench MOSFET, the overall switching characteristics of the MOSFET body diode is improved.
  • the techniques taught by the present invention can be employed in trench processes using either an open-call or a closed-cell structure. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined not with reference to the above description but should, instead, be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with their full scope of equivalents.

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  • Electrodes Of Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Metal-Oxide And Bipolar Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une diode Schottky monolithique ainsi qu'un transistor MOS haute performance présentant une grille et une tranchée. Une structure MOS à diode Schottky améliorée est intercalée entre les alvéoles dudit transistor MOS à tranchée afin de maximiser les caractéristiques des performances du commutateur à transistor MOS. On peut réduire la chute de tension directe en tirant profit de la faible hauteur de barrière de la structure Schottky, et ajuster, dans un mode de réalisation spécifique, la largeur de la tranchée de sorte que toute déplétion dans la zone de dérive de ladite structure Schottky est influencée et régulée par la structure MOS adjacente, ce qui permet d'augmenter la capacité de tension inverse de la diode Schottky.
PCT/US2000/003664 1999-02-26 2000-02-10 Diode schottky et transistor mos monolithiques a tranchees WO2000051167A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020007011930A KR20010024977A (ko) 1999-02-26 2000-02-10 모놀리식 집적 트렌치 ｍｏｓｆｅｔ 및 쇼트키 다이오드
JP2000601676A JP2002538602A (ja) 1999-02-26 2000-02-10 モノリシック集積されたトレンチｍｏｓｆｅｔ及びショットキー・ダイオード
EP00906031A EP1095454A2 (fr) 1999-02-26 2000-02-10 Diode schottky et transistor mos monolithiques a tranchees

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/267,921 US6351018B1 (en) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Monolithically integrated trench MOSFET and Schottky diode
US09/267,921 1999-02-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000051167A2 true WO2000051167A2 (fr) 2000-08-31
WO2000051167A3 WO2000051167A3 (fr) 2000-12-21
WO2000051167A9 WO2000051167A9 (fr) 2001-06-14

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Country Status (5)

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US (1) US6351018B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1095454A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002538602A (fr)
KR (1) KR20010024977A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000051167A2 (fr)

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EP1425791A4 (fr) * 2001-08-23 2006-02-15 Gen Semiconductor Inc Transistor dmos en tranchee dans lequel est encastre un redresseur schottky en tranchee
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JP2002538602A (ja) 2002-11-12
KR20010024977A (ko) 2001-03-26
EP1095454A2 (fr) 2001-05-02
US6351018B1 (en) 2002-02-26
WO2000051167A3 (fr) 2000-12-21
WO2000051167A9 (fr) 2001-06-14

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