WO2000065679A1

WO2000065679A1 - Electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2000065679A1
Application number: PCT/JP1999/002235
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tsukasa Sugiura
Original assignee: World Fusion Limited
Priority date: 1999-04-26
Filing date: 1999-04-26
Publication date: 2000-11-02

Abstract

An electric vehicle comprising a continuous liquid supply type centrifugal separator (1) for delivering hydrogen and oxygen separately by rotating at high speed water continuously fed into the separator, a fuel cell (2) for generating an electromotive force using hydrogen from the centrifugal separator as an anode active material and oxygen as a cathode active material, an electric motor (3) rotated by the electromotive force generated by the fuel cell, a storage battery (4) and a multilayer capacitor (16), wherein the vehicle is driven by the electric motor and dump power when the vehicle is driven is charged into the storage battery and the multilayer capacitor, thereby enabling large quantities of hydrogen and oxygen to be produced from water in a short time for use as fuel for the fuel cell and hence providing a practical electric vehicle that can be driven for an extended time.

Description

Details

Technical field

The present invention relates to an electric vehicle using a fuel cell, and its purpose is to extract a large amount of hydrogen and oxygen from water in a short time and use it as fuel for a fuel cell, thereby enabling long-time operation. It is to provide a practical electric vehicle. Background art

Conventionally used internal combustion engines such as Otto and diesel are the main driving engines for automobiles. And its emission regulations are becoming stricter worldwide.

In recent years, research and development of non-polluting vehicles that do not emit nitrogen oxides or carbon dioxide have been actively conducted. One example is a fuel cell vehicle that uses hydrogen stored in a hydrogen storage alloy as fuel.

However, in a fuel cell using a hydrogen storage alloy, the hydrogen release process of the hydrogen storage alloy is an endothermic reaction, so the temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy decreases with the release of hydrogen gas. There was a problem that the gas could hardly be released and the storage battery could not be charged. As a method to solve such a problem, a method of supplying hydrogen and oxygen obtained by using a water electrolysis device to a fuel cell can be considered, but a small electrolysis device that can be mounted on a vehicle is considered. The equipment could not obtain a large amount of decomposed gas in a short time. The present inventor has conducted intensive studies in view of such circumstances, and as a result, has been found that water is separated into hydrogen and oxygen by high-speed centrifugal separation and supplied to a fuel cell, thereby causing the above-described problems of charging and decomposition efficiency. Have been found to be able to solve all of them, and have completed the present invention. Disclosure of the invention

The invention according to claim 1 is a continuous liquid supply type centrifugal separator in which hydrogen and oxygen are taken out in a separated state by continuously taking water into the inside and rotating at a high speed, and a centrifuge taken out from the centrifuge. A fuel cell that generates an electromotive force using hydrogen as an anode active material and oxygen as a cathode active material, an electric motor that rotates by the electromotive force generated from the fuel cell, a storage battery, and a stacked capacitor. The electric vehicle is characterized in that the vehicle is driven in accordance with the driving of the electric motor and the surplus electric power at the time of driving the vehicle is charged in the storage battery and the multilayer capacitor. By dissociating the bond between the hydrogen atom and the oxygen atom, a large amount of hydrogen and oxygen can be extracted from water in a short period of time. Therefore, it is a practical electric vehicle that can be driven for a long time.

The invention according to claim 2, since an electric vehicle range first claim of claim, characterized in that to supply water in contact with the N i H ₂ alloy into the continuous liquid feed centrifuge, N a chemical reaction by the addition of i H _2, by the synergistic action of the dissociation of binding of water molecules hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms by centrifuge, can retrieve a large amount of hydrogen and oxygen in a short time from the water, fuel and this By using it as fuel for batteries, it becomes a practical electric vehicle that can be driven for a long time.

The invention according to claim 3 is at least one in which the same poles are arranged to face each other. A water molecule cluster decomposing device comprising at least 6 OMG s or more magnets is provided, and water passing through the decomposing device is supplied to the centrifugal separator. Since the electric vehicle is described, the efficiency of water splitting by centrifugation can be increased, and a large amount of hydrogen and oxygen can be obtained in a short time.

The invention according to claim 4, wherein high-pressure water injection means for blowing high-pressure water is provided on an inner wall of the rotary tank of the centrifuge. 5. Since the electric vehicle is of the type described above, the rotation of the rotating tank is assisted by high-pressure water, and the dissociation of water molecules by centrifugal force is promoted by the collision energy.

The invention according to claim 5, wherein the electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising heating means for heating water supplied to the centrifuge to a high temperature. Therefore, heating increases the kinetic energy of water molecules, which makes it easier to dissociate the bonds between hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms, and further promotes water decomposition by centrifugation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electric vehicle according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a moisture class decomposition apparatus. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of an electric vehicle according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electric vehicle according to the present invention.

The electric vehicle according to the present invention is a continuous liquid supply type in which hydrogen and oxygen are separated and taken out by continuously taking in water and rotating at high speed. A centrifuge 1, a fuel cell 2 that uses hydrogen extracted from the centrifuge 1 as an anode active material, and generates an electromotive force using oxygen as a cathode active material, and is rotated by the electromotive force generated from the fuel cell 2. An electric motor 3, a storage battery 4, and a multilayer capacitor 16.

Then, the vehicle is driven by rotating the axle 8 with the driving of the electric motor 3, and the storage battery 4 and the multilayer capacitor 16 are charged with surplus power generated when the vehicle is driven.

Water (H ₂ 0) is stored in the storage tank 5, and this water passes through the inside of the pipe 18 having the NiH ₂ alloy 17 attached to the inner surface thereof, so that the water contacts the Ni H ₂ alloy. Taken out of 18. However, in the present invention, the configuration for bringing water into contact with the NiH ₂ alloy is not limited to this.For example, a configuration in which water passes through porous pellets of the NiH ₂ alloy, or a configuration in which the NiH ₂ alloy is embedded in the storage tank 5 The configuration may be set in advance.

NiH ₂ is an interstitial hydride and has the property of reacting with water and ethanol to generate hydrogen.

In the present invention, by contacting the water to NiH ₂ _{alloy, 6H 2 0 + 2 N i} H 2 - cause reactions _{»2 N i H 2 + 6} H 2 + 30 2, hydrogen and oxygen from water Can be generated.

In the present invention, hydrogen and oxygen can be extracted from water by bringing the water into contact with the NiH ₂ alloy as described above. By sequentially supplying the heating means 7 and the continuous liquid supply centrifuge 1 to the centrifuge 1, the decomposition of water by NiH ₂ is promoted, and a large amount of hydrogen and oxygen can be efficiently obtained in a short time.

However, in the present invention, water molecules class without contacting the water NiH ₂ alloy evening one cracker 6, the heating means 7 are sequentially supplied to the continuous liquid feed type centrifugal separator 1 In this case, it is possible to obtain hydrogen and oxygen by dissociating the bond between the oxygen atom and the hydrogen atom of the water molecule by high-speed centrifugation.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the water molecule class evening decomposition device 6. The water molecule cluster decomposing device 6 includes a case body 63 having an inlet 61 and a water outlet 62, and one or more sets (four sets in the illustrated example) provided inside the case body 63. Consists of magnets 6 4.

The inside of the case body 63 is divided into a plurality of sections by water-filling filters 65, each of which has a pair of permanent magnets 64 of the same polarity (in the example shown, the S pole and the S pole). (S pole) facing each other.

The water taken out of the storage tank 5 is introduced into the inside of the case body 63 from the water inlet 61, and gradually passes through between the S poles of the permanent magnets 64 disposed in each section. The molecular clusters become smaller and are finally extracted from the outlet 62.

As is well known, water does not exist as a single molecule (H ₂₀ ), but as a group of several molecules. This molecular population is referred to as a class one. In the present invention, by reducing this cluster by magnetic force, water decomposition by centrifugation described later can be further promoted.

As the permanent magnet 64, a permanent magnet of 6 OMGs or more, preferably 100 to 15 OMGs, is used. This is because the use of a magnet of less than 6 OMGs cannot sufficiently reduce the water molecule class.

The heating means 7 is provided for heating the water taken out from the water molecule cluster decomposing device 6. Although a heating wire heater is shown in the illustrated example, the configuration of the heating means 7 in the present invention is not limited to this, and may be a ceramic heater or the like. The water heated to a high temperature by the heating means 7 increases the kinetic energy of the molecules, which makes it easier to dissociate the bonds between hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms, and further promotes water decomposition by centrifugation described later. Can be.

The continuous liquid supply type centrifugal separator 1 is for extracting hydrogen gas and oxygen gas from water by dissociating bonds between hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms of water molecules by centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation.

However, since a large amount of energy is required for the bond dissociation of the hydrogen atom and the oxygen atom, the rotation speed of the continuous liquid supply centrifuge 1 is set to a high speed of at least 500 rpm. You.

The continuous liquid supply type centrifugal separator 1 includes a donut-shaped rotating tank 11 to which water passing through the heating means 7 is supplied, a high-speed rotating motor 12 for rotating the rotating tank 11, One thing is equipped with one to three. The high-speed rotating motor 12 is capable of rotating the rotating tank 11 at 500 rpm or more, preferably 150 to 2000 rpm as described above. Is used.

The water supplied to the centrifugal separator 1 is sprayed on the inner wall inside the rotary tank 11 by high-pressure water injection means 9.

The high-pressure water injection means 9 includes a pump 91 provided in the middle of the passage 10 connecting the heating means 7 and the centrifugal separator 1, and a tip inserted into the casing 13 and having an inner end inside the rotary tank 11. And a nozzle 92 arranged in the direction of rotation of the rotary tub 11.

The high-pressure water injection means 9 injects high-pressure water from the tip of the nozzle 9 2 toward the inner wall inside the rotary tank 11 by driving the pump 9 1, thereby assisting the rotation of the rotary tank 11. At the same time, it plays a role in promoting the dissociation of water molecules by centrifugal force by the collision energy.

However, in the present invention, the angle of the nozzle 92 is not particularly limited. Hydrogen separated in the centrifuge 1 is taken out from the upper part of the casing 13, and oxygen is taken out from the lower part of the casing 13 and supplied to the fuel cell 2.

The fuel cell 2 is a known fuel cell that generates an electromotive force using hydrogen as an anode active material and oxygen as a cathode active material, and two porous carbon layers sandwiching an electrolyte solution 21 composed of an aqueous solution of KOH. By disposing the plates 22 and 23, hydrogen is supplied from the outside of one of the carbon plates 22 and oxygen is supplied from the outside of the other carbon plate 23, thereby generating a voltage between the two electrodes (between the carbon plates). This is to generate electric power. The electric motor 3 is configured to be rotationally driven by an electromotive force generated between the poles of the fuel cell 2, and the axle 8 is rotated by this drive to drive the vehicle.

The surplus electric power generated by the generator 15 and the surplus electric power generated by the fuel cell 2 accompanying the driving of the vehicle are charged in the storage battery 4 and the multilayer capacitor 16, and the stored electric power is used when the vehicle starts. It is also used as a power source for the heating means 7, the pump 91, and the high-speed rotating motor 12.

In the present invention, the reason why the multilayer capacitor 16 is used in combination with the storage battery 4 is that the multilayer capacitor 16 has a large storage capacity and can perform rapid charging and discharging even though it is small.

As the generator 15, a known generator generally used for automobiles may be used, but it is desirable to use a generator with as high an efficiency as possible. Industrial applicability

As described above, the electric vehicle according to the present invention can be driven for a long time by extracting a large amount of hydrogen and oxygen from water in a short time and using it as fuel for a fuel cell. Electric vehicle.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A continuous liquid supply centrifuge (1) that separates hydrogen and oxygen by separating water by continuously taking in water and rotating at high speed, and using the hydrogen extracted from the centrifugal separator as an anode. A fuel cell (2) that generates an electromotive force using oxygen as a cathode active material, an electric motor (3) that is rotated by the electromotive force generated from the fuel cell, a storage battery (4), and a multilayer capacitor ( 16) An electric vehicle, comprising: driving a vehicle in accordance with driving of the electric motor, and charging the storage battery and the multilayer capacitor with surplus power when the vehicle is driven.

2. N i H ₂ electric vehicle range first claim of claim alloy the contacted water (17) and supplying the continuous liquid supply type centrifugal away machine.

3. A water molecule cluster decomposing device (6) comprising at least one set of 6 or more OMGs or more magnets arranged with the same poles facing each other is provided. 3. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the electric vehicle is supplied to a vehicle.

4. The electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein high-pressure water injection means for spraying high-pressure water is provided on an inner wall of the rotary tank of the centrifugal separator.

5. The electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising heating means (7) for heating water supplied to the centrifuge to a high temperature. Claims of amendment

[August 18, 2000 (18.08.00) Accepted by the International Bureau: Claim 3 at the time of filing was withdrawn; claims 1, 2, 4 and 5 at the time of filing were amended. (1 page)]

1. (After correction) A continuous liquid supply centrifuge (1) that takes out hydrogen and oxygen in a separated state by continuously taking in water and rotating at high speed, and taking out the centrifuge. A fuel cell (2) that generates an electromotive force using the extracted hydrogen as an anode active material and oxygen as a cathode active material; an electric motor (3) that rotates by the electromotive force generated from the fuel cell; ), A multilayer capacitor (16), and multiple sets of 60s with the same poles facing each other.

A water molecule cluster decomposing device (6) comprising a magnet of MGs or more, and supplying water passing through the decomposing device to the centrifugal separator, and driving a vehicle in accordance with driving of the electric motor. An electric vehicle, wherein surplus electric power when the vehicle is driven is charged in the storage battery and the multilayer capacitor.

2. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein water brought into contact with the NiH ₂ alloy (17) is supplied to the continuous liquid supply type centrifugal separator.

3. (Delete)

4. (After correction) A high-pressure water injection means for spraying high-pressure water on the inner wall of the rotary tank of the centrifuge is provided, either of the claims 1 or 2. An electric vehicle according to claim 1.

5. (After correction) A heating means (7) for heating water supplied to the centrifuge to a high temperature is provided, wherein the heating means (7) is provided. The electric vehicle according to any one of the above. Statement based on Article 19 of the Convention Claim 1 states that the water supplied to the centrifuge is water consisting of multiple sets of 60 MGs or more magnets with the same poles facing each other. The molecular class clarifies that the water has passed through the decomposer.

According to the present invention, water passes through a water molecule class decomposer composed of a plurality of sets of magnets of 6 OMGs or more in which the same poles are opposed to each other, so that water is sufficient to destroy clusters. By supplying the centrifugal separator with water whose molecular clusters have been sufficiently reduced in this way, oxygen and hydrogen can be efficiently converted from water in a short time. It is possible to obtain a practical electric vehicle that can be taken out well and can be operated for a long time.

On the other hand, one of the references cited in the International Search Report discloses an electrolysis promotion tank for the generation of ionized water by the rotating magnetic field of a magnet.However, a magnet with a magnetic force of 6 OMGs or more is required. It does not describe the configuration to use or the configuration using multiple sets of magnets with the same poles facing each other, and also supplies water that destroyed class I to the centrifuge to supply oxygen. There is no description or suggestion for deriving the configuration of separation into hydrogen and hydrogen.