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WO2001008810A1 - Dispositif de pulverisation thermique - Google Patents

Dispositif de pulverisation thermique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2001008810A1
WO2001008810A1 PCT/IB2000/001048 IB0001048W WO0108810A1 WO 2001008810 A1 WO2001008810 A1 WO 2001008810A1 IB 0001048 W IB0001048 W IB 0001048W WO 0108810 A1 WO0108810 A1 WO 0108810A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
throat
thermal spraying
spraying apparatus
feedstock
inserts
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2000/001048
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Walter Seitz
Original Assignee
Metalspray International Lc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metalspray International Lc filed Critical Metalspray International Lc
Priority to CA002379902A priority Critical patent/CA2379902A1/fr
Priority to EP00944174A priority patent/EP1210180A1/fr
Priority to AU58406/00A priority patent/AU5840600A/en
Priority to JP2001513526A priority patent/JP2003505599A/ja
Publication of WO2001008810A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001008810A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B05B7/222—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc
    • B05B7/224—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc the material having originally the shape of a wire, rod or the like

Definitions

  • THIS invention relates to thermal spraying equipment and to a thermal spraying method for producing corrosion resistant and/or hard coatings on a substrate.
  • thermal spraying apparatus comprising a nozzle defining a throat having an inlet and an outlet and a gas flow path which is aligned with the axis of the throat, so that gas under pressure can be supplied to the inlet, at least first and second guides arranged to guide respective feedstock wires via the inlet towards a point of intersection in or adjacent an end of the throat, a power supply arranged to be connected to the feedstock wires to cause an arc in the throat between the wires, and a supply of compressed air arranged to supply air to the throat, the guides being arranged to direct the feedstock wires to the point of intersection so that they define an angle of between 45° and 90° between them
  • the guides are arranged so that the angle defined between the feedstock wires is approximately 60°
  • the nozzle may be formed from first and second body halves, each defining a portion of the throat Typically the throat is tapered between the inlet and the outlet
  • the guides may comprise respective bores formed in the body halves and each intersecting the portion of the body half defining a respective portion of the throat, each bore being inclined relative to the axis of the throat
  • the guides may include inserts receivable in the respective bores, each insert having an aperture therein through which a feedstock wire can pass, and having an inclined end face shaped complementally to the shape of the throat
  • the respective bores may intersect locating cavities, inserts being receivable in the locating cavities so that they abut feedstock wires passing through the respective bores
  • the inserts may be polygonal in section and define planar faces each having a locating formation for engagement with a feedstock wire in use
  • the inserts are square in section and define planar, rectangular faces with a groove formed in at least one face for engagement with a feedstock wire in use
  • the inserts may comprise copper or copper/tungsten
  • the body halves are preferably conductive, with a terminal or contact on each body half for connection to the power supply
  • the body halves are preferably mounted on a non-conductive head which holds the body halves in a spaced-apart condition
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of a first embodiment of a spray head of thermal spraying apparatus according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a pictorial view of the apparatus of Figure 1 ,
  • Figure 3 is a rear end view of the apparatus of Figure 1 .
  • Figure 4 is a section on the line 4-4 in Figure 3
  • Figure 5 is a partial exploded view of a second embodiment of a spray head of the apparatus.
  • Figure 6 is a sectional view of the second embodiment of the spray head
  • the apparatus illustrated in Figures 1 to 4 comprises a thermal spraying head which is connected in use to a source of compressed air or nitrogen by means of a hose 10, and to a high current power supply 12 in use
  • the spray head of the apparatus comprises first and second conductive body halves 14 and 16 which are machined from aluminium alloy and which are mounted on a non-conductive head 18 which can, for example, be moulded or machined from a suitable plastics material such as PTFE
  • the body halves 14 and 16 are attached to the head 18 hmgedly by means of pins, which assist in assembly of the head and in correct location of the body halves with respect to one another
  • An outer sleeve 56 of tough plastics material such as nylon holds the body halves in position and is located positively by a pin 58
  • the front face of the head has a circular central portion 20, at the centre of which is an outlet 22 of a nozzle which has an inlet 24, and a cylindrical throat 26 extending between the inlet and the outlet
  • the throat is tapered from the inlet to the outlet such that it has an inlet diameter of 8mm and an exit diameter of 8 5mm
  • Cavities 28 and 30 are machined into the respective body halves 14 and 16, and define respective inclined bores 32 and 34 which intersect with respective grooved portions 36 and 38 of the body halves which define the throat 26, at an angle of approximately 30° to the axis X-X of the throat, so that the included angle between the two bores 34 is 60°
  • Locatable within each bore is a copper insert 40, the inserts 40 having ends 42 which are shaped complementally to the grooved surfaces 36 and 38 defining the throat of the nozzle, so that when the inserts are in position in the bores 34, their ends 42 are flush with the surface of the throat
  • a bore 44 is formed in each insert which is sized to receive a metal feedstock wire 46 and to make electrical contact with the wire as the wire passes through the insert and into the throat 26
  • the feedstock wires 46 were directed to a point of intersection at the outer end of the throat 26 essentially coinciding with the outlet 22 and the central axis X-X of the throat In some applications, it may be desirable to move the point of intersection outside the throat, although it has been found in practice that it is generally preferred for the point of intersection to be within the throat
  • Electrical terminals 48 and 50 on the respective body halves 14 and 16 are provided for connection of heavy duty conductors 52 and 54 which connect the body halves to the power supply 12, and which thus pass current to the feedstock wires 46 via the body halves and the copper inserts, causing an arc at the point of intersection of the feedstock wires in the throat
  • the power supply 12 was a constant voltage source operating at approximately 42 to 48 volts (compared with approximately 32 to 36 volts in the case of conventional apparatus)
  • the arc current was between 150 Amperes and 300 Amperes and the gas pressure at the entrance 2 to 5 bar (g), typically 4 bar
  • Figures 5 and 6 illustrate a second embodiment of a thermal spraying head according to the invention
  • the second embodiment is to a large extent similar to the first, and Figure 5 therefore illustrates only a single conductive body half 114, which corresponds to the body half 14 of Figure 1
  • the body half 114 mates with a complemental body half 116 (see Figure 6) and the halves are assembled to a non-conductive body in the same way as in the first embodiment
  • each body half defines a rectangular slot or cavity 118 which receives a contact tip in the form of a removable insert 120
  • a relatively small bore 122 which is larger in diameter than the diameter of the feedstock wires 124, extends from an upstanding head portion 126 of the body half 114, exiting the head portion 126 at the base thereof, just above the bottom of the cavity 118, and extending further through an end portion 128 of the body half as best seen in the sectional view of Figure 6
  • the insert 120 has a central groove 134 machined in each of its four adjacent faces, so that the grooves effectively run around the body of the insert
  • the alignment of the bores 122 and the central groove 134 in the insert 120 is such that the feedstock wires 124 intersect at a point just within or just beyond the end 130 of a throat 132 defined between the two body halves
  • the throat 132 in this embodiment is a tapered square/rectangular section channel, rather than a conical bore, since this is easier to machine and a round orifice for the outlet is not a prerequisite
  • the entrance to the throat is 6 mm by 6 mm, with the exit being 6 mm by 7 mm (rectangular)
  • the insert 120 serves the same purpose as the copper inserts 40 of the first embodiment, and typically comprises copper or copper/tungsten
  • a through bore 136 extends through the insert from side to side, and is provided to facilitate storage of the inserts
  • the insert was approximately 20 mm in length in the direction of the through bore 136, and the faces thereof were 12 mm square with the grooves 134 being approximately 1 mm deep
  • Dimples 138 are provided on each face on either side of the central groove, and serve as locators for locking balls or grub screws 140 as shown in Figures 5 and 6
  • the feedstock wires 124 he within the grooves 134 in use (see Figure 6), with the insert providing the force which directs the feedstock wire to its point of intersection, thus providing sufficiently good electrical contact between the feedstock wire and the insert
  • each insert has four wear surfaces, so that it need only be rotated through 90 degrees to present a fresh surface This means that the life of the insert is relatively long It has been found that this insert does not clog as easily as is the case with drilled- hole inserts
  • the insert is easy to manufacture, and is also easily fitted into the spray gun head from the front thereof
  • the pressure and volume of the gas supplied to the interior of the nozzle are preferably adjusted to cause sonic or choked gas flow within the throat prior to generation of an arc, so that the generation of an arc within the throat has the effect of generating supersonic flow within or just beyond the exhaust end of the nozzle, which would otherwise not be attainable
  • the resultant high flow velocity results in very fine atomisation of the molten feedstock particles and very high particle speeds as the particles are emitted from the nozzle towards a substrate
  • the arc Due to the very high temperature of the arc (typically 4000°C) the arc rapidly heats and drastically expands the gas entering the arc This rapid expansion effectively acts as a gas source in the flow field, effectively blocking the flow of gas through the arc Due to this blockage effect, the gas tends to flow around the "obstruction", similarly to the way water flows around a concrete pillar of a bridge
  • the gas flowing towards the "obstruction" (the arc) is not “aware” of the arc until it actually enters the arc zone and the gas is thereby forced into the arc region
  • the resulting high pressure, high flow situation results in very fine atomisation of the molten feedstock
  • the arc can be positioned anywhere along the throat, up to and including the exit region of the throat and just beyond it
  • the exhausting flow has a diamond shaped supersonic flow field structure
  • the feedstock wires 46 can be conventional solid wires, but it has been found that the use of cored wires comprising a tubular metallic body containing a cermet powder, together with the use of nitrogen or another suitable inert gas, provides excellent results
  • the cermet material typically an agglomerated and sintered mix of metal and carbide, tends to improve the deposition of carbide material from the thermal spray method, as the hard carbide material is contained within a metal binder
  • Use of pure nitrogen or another suitable inert gas protects the atomised metal feedstock particles from oxidation, significantly improving the quality of the coating produced

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil de pulvérisation thermique comprenant une tête de pulvérisation définissant une buse pourvue d'une gorge (132) à travers laquelle du gaz sous pression peut être fourni. Des guides premiers et seconds permettent de guider des fils d'alimentation (124) vers un point d'intersection situé dans ou juste à côté d'une extrémité de ladite gorge, de préférence à un angle situé entre 45 et 90 degrés. Le gaz est passé de force à travers la gorge, sous haute pression, de préférence à une pression suffisante pour créer un flux supersonique, générant ainsi une pulvérisation finement atomisée de matériau d'alimentation fondu. Les guides d'alimentation peuvent prendre la forme d'inserts tubulaires percés ou d'inserts pourvus de rainures logées dans des cavités situées dans des moitiés de la tête de pulvérisation.
PCT/IB2000/001048 1999-07-29 2000-07-27 Dispositif de pulverisation thermique WO2001008810A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002379902A CA2379902A1 (fr) 1999-07-29 2000-07-27 Dispositif de pulverisation thermique
EP00944174A EP1210180A1 (fr) 1999-07-29 2000-07-27 Dispositif de pulverisation thermique
AU58406/00A AU5840600A (en) 1999-07-29 2000-07-27 Thermal spraying equipment
JP2001513526A JP2003505599A (ja) 1999-07-29 2000-07-27 溶射装置

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA994887 1999-07-29
ZA99/4887 1999-07-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001008810A1 true WO2001008810A1 (fr) 2001-02-08

Family

ID=25587832

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2000/001048 WO2001008810A1 (fr) 1999-07-29 2000-07-27 Dispositif de pulverisation thermique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1210180A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003505599A (fr)
CN (1) CN1153629C (fr)
AU (1) AU5840600A (fr)
CA (1) CA2379902A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001008810A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7256369B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2007-08-14 Michael Seitz Composite wires for coating substrates and methods of use
WO2014106591A1 (fr) * 2013-01-04 2014-07-10 Ford-Werke Gmbh Dispositif de revêtement thermique d'une surface
WO2018002232A1 (fr) 2016-06-29 2018-01-04 General Electric Technology Gmbh Fils composites pour revêtir des substrats et procédés d'utilisation
US9951943B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2018-04-24 General Electric Technology Gmbh Preventing tube failure in boilers
US10604830B2 (en) 2016-06-06 2020-03-31 Comau Llc Wire guides for plasma transferred wire arc processes
US20230183848A1 (en) * 2021-10-28 2023-06-15 Integrated Global Services, Inc. Apparatus and system for thermal spray and related methods thereof

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007107082A (ja) * 2005-10-17 2007-04-26 Kurimoto Ltd アーク溶射装置
CN101538697B (zh) * 2008-03-20 2013-04-10 林淑清 无燃烧熔射的喷覆方法
CN103263989B (zh) * 2013-05-15 2015-10-21 北京意如诚科技发展有限公司 一种超音速电弧喷枪
CN104307797A (zh) * 2014-09-20 2015-01-28 张家港市胜达钢绳有限公司 钢丝表面除液装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1130352A (fr) * 1954-11-06 1957-02-05 Arnold Otto Meyer Pistolet de métallisation fonctionnant par un are électrique
WO1998000574A1 (fr) 1996-06-28 1998-01-08 Metalplus (Proprietary) Limited Methode et appareil de vaporisation thermique

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1130352A (fr) * 1954-11-06 1957-02-05 Arnold Otto Meyer Pistolet de métallisation fonctionnant par un are électrique
WO1998000574A1 (fr) 1996-06-28 1998-01-08 Metalplus (Proprietary) Limited Methode et appareil de vaporisation thermique

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7256369B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2007-08-14 Michael Seitz Composite wires for coating substrates and methods of use
US9951943B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2018-04-24 General Electric Technology Gmbh Preventing tube failure in boilers
WO2014106591A1 (fr) * 2013-01-04 2014-07-10 Ford-Werke Gmbh Dispositif de revêtement thermique d'une surface
US10060020B2 (en) 2013-01-04 2018-08-28 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Device for thermally coating a surface
US10604830B2 (en) 2016-06-06 2020-03-31 Comau Llc Wire guides for plasma transferred wire arc processes
WO2018002232A1 (fr) 2016-06-29 2018-01-04 General Electric Technology Gmbh Fils composites pour revêtir des substrats et procédés d'utilisation
US20230183848A1 (en) * 2021-10-28 2023-06-15 Integrated Global Services, Inc. Apparatus and system for thermal spray and related methods thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2379902A1 (fr) 2001-02-08
CN1153629C (zh) 2004-06-16
EP1210180A1 (fr) 2002-06-05
JP2003505599A (ja) 2003-02-12
AU5840600A (en) 2001-02-19
CN1371307A (zh) 2002-09-25

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