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WO2002013160A2 - Appareil electronique, notamment appareil de champ - Google Patents

Appareil electronique, notamment appareil de champ Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002013160A2
WO2002013160A2 PCT/DE2001/002921 DE0102921W WO0213160A2 WO 2002013160 A2 WO2002013160 A2 WO 2002013160A2 DE 0102921 W DE0102921 W DE 0102921W WO 0213160 A2 WO0213160 A2 WO 0213160A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
data
microprocessor
modulated
electronic device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2001/002921
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2002013160A3 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Hauschulz
Robin Pramanik
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2002013160A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002013160A2/fr
Publication of WO2002013160A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002013160A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
    • G08C19/02—Electric signal transmission systems in which the signal transmitted is magnitude of current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H04B3/548—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines the power on the line being DC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/10—Frequency-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using frequency-shift keying
    • H04L27/12—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/10—Frequency-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using frequency-shift keying
    • H04L27/14—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
    • H04L27/156—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits with demodulation using temporal properties of the received signal, e.g. detecting pulse width
    • H04L27/1563—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits with demodulation using temporal properties of the received signal, e.g. detecting pulse width using transition or level detection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/31—From computer integrated manufacturing till monitoring
    • G05B2219/31116—A-D interface between asi and fieldbus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/31—From computer integrated manufacturing till monitoring
    • G05B2219/31121—Fielddevice, field controller, interface connected to fieldbus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5404—Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines
    • H04B2203/5416—Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines by adding signals to the wave form of the power source

Definitions

  • Electronic device in particular field device
  • the invention relates to an electronic device, in particular a field device, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a transmitter for absolute pressure is known from the Siemens catalog FI 01, 2000, pages 1/16 and 1/17, which is designed for use as a field device in a process engineering system.
  • the absolute pressure is transferred to a silicon pressure sensor via a separating membrane and a filling liquid.
  • the pressure difference between the inlet pressure and a reference vacuum on the minus side of the measuring cell deflects the membrane.
  • four piezoresistors in bridge circuits doped in the measuring membrane change their resistance value. This change in resistance causes a bridge output voltage proportional to the input pressure, which is amplified in a measuring amplifier and converted into a digital signal in an analog / digital converter.
  • This signal is evaluated in a microprocessor with the help of an application-specific program and corrected for linearity and temperature behavior.
  • the measurement signal prepared in this way is output to a two-wire line via a HART or PROFIBUS PA interface and can thus be transmitted to a higher-level computer for further processing of the measured value or for process control.
  • data for parameterizing the transmitter which are transmitted to the transmitter from a parameterizing device connected to the two-wire line, can be received by the transmitter and further processed by the microprocessor.
  • Such transmitters should generally have low energy consumption. This applies in particular to transmitters that are supplied with the required operating energy via the same two-wire line over which they communicate, and to transmitters that are used for the Are suitable for use in hazardous areas. Additional components, such as the NCR 20C15 modem for a HART interface, have hitherto been required to implement the communication interface. How the 20C15 modem has to be connected to a microprocessor is described in
  • a capacitor and a bandpass filter are connected upstream of the modem in the reception branch.
  • the modem is connected to the two-wire line via a current controller.
  • a modulated receive signal is fed to the modem as an analog signal via the receive branch. From this, the modem determines the transmitted data and forwards it to a UART of the microprocessor with a digital receive signal, which is often referred to as RXD.
  • This digital received signal already contains the transmitted data in serial form, possibly supplemented with synchronization characters.
  • the UART is informed of the receipt of a modulated signal by a carrier detect (CD) signal.
  • CD carrier detect
  • a request to send is signaled to the modem by a request-to-send (RTS) signal from the microprocessor's UART.
  • RTS request-to-send
  • the data to be transmitted are transferred to the modem with a digital transmission signal, which is called TXD and which contains the data to be transmitted in serial form.
  • TXD digital transmission signal
  • the modem forms a modulated signal corresponding to the data, which is possibly output via a filter for signal shaping and the current regulator on the two-wire line for the transmission of the data.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an electronic device, in particular a field device, which is characterized by a lower manufacturing cost.
  • the electronic device of the type mentioned has the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the subclaims. ⁇ > ro r P 1
  • Noise is recognized as a valid signal.
  • a threshold comparator with a downstream monoflop can be used to generate the carrier detect signal. If the received signal exceeds the threshold of the comparator, the monoflop is triggered. Takes that
  • the circuit described can advantageously be saved with a threshold value detector and a monoflop if the microprocessor is designed to determine, on receipt of a signal whose level exceeds a predetermined threshold, whether the threshold has been exceeded for a predefinable minimum duration. This can be easily implemented with a timer that is started when the threshold is exceeded.
  • a counter can be used to determine whether the threshold has been exceeded for a predeterminable minimum duration within the runtime of the subscriber and whether a reception of a modulated received signal is determined, if necessary. For this purpose, the counter counts the number of microprocessor clocks during which the level of the received signal exceeds the predetermined threshold during the running time of the timer.
  • the demodulation can be traced back to a simple time measurement, since a certain type of frequency modulation is used at HART becomes.
  • a simple modulation is advantageously achieved without great computational effort if the time sequences of digital values corresponding to a “zero N or a“ one * of a data bit are stored in tables and the microprocessor selects one of the tables based on the value of the respective data bit. reads the table contents and outputs them to generate a modulated signal.
  • the output signal of the microprocessor can advantageously be routed to the data input of a tri-state buffer so that an intermediate level is established on the two-wire line in the idle phases in which no modulated signal is sent.
  • the microprocessor generates a further signal which is fed to the enable input of the tristate buffer in order to activate it only during data transmission.
  • FIG. 1 shows a field device at the installation location
  • FIG. 2 shows a basic circuit diagram of a converter
  • FIG. 3 shows a tristate buffer for generating a modulated transmission signal
  • FIG. 4A shows an example of an analog biphase signal
  • FIG. 4B shows the result of the digitization of the signal from FIG. 4A
  • FIG. 5A shows an example of an analog, modulated according to HART
  • FIG. 5B the result of digitizing the signal according to FIG. 5A, FIG. 6 a decision table for demodulating a HART signal.
  • CJ r ho P 1 h- 1 c ⁇ o c ⁇ o L ⁇ o cn
  • P- P P- 3 P H l-i P pu tr pu: -l tr tr J ⁇ tr P P rt ⁇ cn pu P l-i P cn
  • P P- 1 P- 3 pu s P- P ⁇ P- ⁇ H _ j PN? o cn cu P- ⁇ P- ⁇ H pu P ⁇ H tr
  • P p- P- p P P- ⁇ o ⁇ P- P ⁇ HPP ⁇ rt P- P- PPO ⁇ n P- tr .V rt HP ⁇ Q P rt rt PPPP P- PP cn Hi N cn P ⁇ P TS iQ cn HP rt P
  • a modulated signal 38 from the data 36 to be transmitted, the basic course of which is shown in FIG. 5b with a signal 71. If necessary, this signal can be smoothed with a low-pass filter 39.
  • One possibility for demodulation and for modulation according to HART is based on the knowledge that a data bit consists of six 60 ° segments of a 1200 Hz oscillation of 138.8 ⁇ s each or of eleven 60 ° segments of a 2200 Hz oscillation of 75 each, Composed of 7 ⁇ s.
  • the time period over which the signal 71 remains at a level results from the addition of three 60 ° segments in each case.
  • the duration of a 60 ° segment is specified by the respective value of the bit to be displayed.
  • the previous bit must be taken into account when calculating the first edge in the signal curve to represent a bit uss.
  • the sequence of the edges can be calculated in advance for a whole byte, for example. If no modulated signal is to be output, either a medium level can be applied to the two-wire line via a tri-state buffer or an oscillation of a significantly higher frequency is output, which is filtered out by a downstream low-pass filter, so that a sets medium DC voltage.
  • the table is evaluated for each measured value PW_TIME and further assignments described later are made.
  • the variables used in this program loop are specified in the first row of the table as column headings.
  • the variables are: "previous bit *,” bit *, "1200_60 ° Seg * and” 2200_60 ° Seg *. "1200_60 ° count *,” 2200_60 ° count * and "this bit * are used as further variables.
  • the value of the respective data bit of the transmitted data which is determined by this demodulation method, corresponds to the output variable “this bit *.
  • the remaining variables are only internal auxiliary variables and are no longer used.
  • the respective measured PW_TIME is first checked for belonging to the time intervals specified in the first column in accordance with the table.
  • the row of the table to be processed is determined on the basis of the respective time interval in which the measured value of PW_TIME falls. If an X is entered in this line for the "previous bit *" variable, it has no meaning and the variables "Bit *," 1200_60 ° Seg * and "2200_60 ° Seg * can be directly assigned the values in the respective line and column become. If the line of the respective time interval for PW_TIME branches into two sub-lines, in which a zero or a one is entered for the variable "previous bit *", a case distinction is also made based on the value entered there to determine the assignment values. After evaluating the table, the variable "previous bit * is assigned the value of the variable" bit *.
  • P ⁇ cn P p O P- Z P P P P- tr> ⁇ -i l-i i-i ⁇ iQ ⁇ p- 5 H rt cn ⁇ ⁇ ; ⁇ iQ PL C ⁇ cn cn rt tr g P ⁇ iQ ⁇ ⁇ N P ⁇ rt rt ⁇ i-i ⁇ ⁇ -i ⁇ -i P- PL. rt H P H P ⁇ I O O O P- ⁇ l-J O o ⁇ l-i H P- ⁇ cn ⁇ • PL P PL 3 P PL P P P- P- rt P
  • ⁇ p 3 1 rt p: ⁇ Hi ⁇ PP PL 1 1 ⁇ P ". C ⁇ 1 ⁇ - tr 3 P- ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ -i H tr K p: ⁇ -i P iQ ⁇ cn öd P- 1 II ⁇ cn Z cn cn 1 ⁇ ⁇ li P 3 N 1 C ⁇ ⁇ tr ⁇ P- ⁇
  • 16 can be used to split the signal into different bands.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil électronique, notamment un appareil de champ, comprenant une interface pour communiquer par l'intermédiaire d'une ligne à deux fils. Un convertisseur analogique/numérique (18) est prévu pour convertir un signal de réception (15) modulé en une valeur numérique (19). Le microprocesseur (20) détermine les données (27) transmises sur la base de la séquence temporelle des valeurs numériques (18) et une séquence temporelle de valeurs numériques (38) sur la base des données (36) à transmettre en fonction de chaque procédé de modulation. Un circuit intégré spécifique pour réaliser un modem devient de ce fait superflu.
PCT/DE2001/002921 2000-08-03 2001-08-01 Appareil electronique, notamment appareil de champ WO2002013160A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10037996.6 2000-08-03
DE10037996A DE10037996C2 (de) 2000-08-03 2000-08-03 Elektronisches Gerät, insbesondere Feldgerät

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002013160A2 true WO2002013160A2 (fr) 2002-02-14
WO2002013160A3 WO2002013160A3 (fr) 2007-10-25

Family

ID=7651277

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2001/002921 WO2002013160A2 (fr) 2000-08-03 2001-08-01 Appareil electronique, notamment appareil de champ

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE10037996C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002013160A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016089384A1 (fr) 2014-12-03 2016-06-09 General Electric Company Interface d'entrée et de sortie universelle
WO2016160259A1 (fr) * 2015-03-30 2016-10-06 Rosemount Inc. Régulateur de courant à boucle à saturation contrôlée

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10161071A1 (de) * 2001-12-12 2003-06-18 Endress & Hauser Gmbh & Co Kg Feldgeräteelektronik mit einer Sensoreinheit für die Prozessmesstechnik
DE102004001474A1 (de) * 2004-01-08 2005-08-11 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Prozessanlage mit mehreren Feldgeräten
DE102005001601B4 (de) * 2005-01-12 2011-07-28 Endress + Hauser GmbH + Co. KG, 79689 Feldgerät mit Busschnittstelle
DE102005063054A1 (de) * 2005-12-29 2007-07-05 Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag Schaltungsanordnung zur Versorgung eines Feldgerätes der Automatisierungstechnik
DE102014226075A1 (de) * 2014-12-16 2016-06-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum koordinierten Steuern eines Betriebszustandes einer Produktionsanlage sowie Produktionssystem und Verfahren
DE102020109234A1 (de) 2020-04-02 2021-10-07 Endress+Hauser Conducta Gmbh+Co. Kg Feldbus-Sende-Schnittstelle, Feldbus-Empfangs-Schnittstelle und System mit beiden Schnittstellen sowie Kodierverfahren für eine Feldbus-Sende-Schnittstelle
DE102021206489A1 (de) 2021-06-23 2022-12-29 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren und Sensorbus-System

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0101528B1 (fr) * 1982-08-19 1989-11-08 Honeywell Inc. Systèmes analogiques de communication à deux fils
JPS60183862A (ja) * 1984-03-02 1985-09-19 Toshiba Corp デイジタル信号処理回路
DE3615463A1 (de) * 1986-05-07 1987-11-12 Endress Hauser Gmbh Co Anordnung zur signaluebertragung in einer messanordnung
EP0328520B1 (fr) * 1986-08-22 1999-06-23 Rosemount Inc. Circuit transducteur analogique a commande numerique
SG43345A1 (en) * 1990-11-30 1997-10-17 Yokogawa Electric Corp Signal conditioner
DE19715047A1 (de) * 1997-04-11 1998-10-22 Conducta Endress & Hauser Elektrische Schaltung

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016089384A1 (fr) 2014-12-03 2016-06-09 General Electric Company Interface d'entrée et de sortie universelle
EP3227630A4 (fr) * 2014-12-03 2018-11-14 General Electric Company Interface d'entrée et de sortie universelle
WO2016160259A1 (fr) * 2015-03-30 2016-10-06 Rosemount Inc. Régulateur de courant à boucle à saturation contrôlée
CN106020319A (zh) * 2015-03-30 2016-10-12 罗斯蒙特公司 饱和受控回路电流调节器
US10082784B2 (en) 2015-03-30 2018-09-25 Rosemount Inc. Saturation-controlled loop current regulator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10037996A1 (de) 2002-02-21
WO2002013160A3 (fr) 2007-10-25
DE10037996C2 (de) 2003-04-17

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