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WO2003013351A1 - Personal medication and health aid - Google Patents

Personal medication and health aid Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003013351A1
WO2003013351A1 PCT/SE2002/001431 SE0201431W WO03013351A1 WO 2003013351 A1 WO2003013351 A1 WO 2003013351A1 SE 0201431 W SE0201431 W SE 0201431W WO 03013351 A1 WO03013351 A1 WO 03013351A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
input
patient
data processing
storage means
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2002/001431
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Lars Rosengren
Original Assignee
Medclock Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Medclock Ab filed Critical Medclock Ab
Publication of WO2003013351A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003013351A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/41—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the immune or lymphatic systems
    • A61B5/411—Detecting or monitoring allergy or intolerance reactions to an allergenic agent or substance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H10/00—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of patient-related medical or healthcare data
    • G16H10/60—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of patient-related medical or healthcare data for patient-specific data, e.g. for electronic patient records
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H20/00—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
    • G16H20/10—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network

Definitions

  • the present invention is for method, device and system for controlling the intake of medicine by a patient which can also be used to monitor critical health status for persons suffering from occasional onsets of potentially dangerous conditions.
  • the person is examined at a doctors office and it is determined that the person suffers from a specific disorder and that the "un-well-ness" (or discomforts) that the patient is feeling is therefore determined to be a result of the diagnosed disorder.
  • the person is then subjected to a spectrum of treatment options, primarily with the purpose of eliminating the disorder, and thus idealistically also its discomforts.
  • the doctor After considering all the different factors the doctor arrives at a specific treatment plan, frequently incorporating a schedule with several drugs to be taken at various intervals Some drugs should be taken as regularly as possible to maintain a suitable concentration in the body. Sometimes the prescription might say "Up to x doses daily as needed” such as in the case of painkillers. Some times, there is interaction between food intake and certain drug functions, which ideally should be compensated for. The instructions to the user (patient) therefore tend to become fairly complicated, requiring relatively demanding intellectual efforts many times a day often at precise times. Since the patient usually is more or less taxed by the "un-well-ness" of his disease in addition to the demands of daily life and profession, this requirement in itself can easily become a critical burden and might even be an undesirable stress factor, contributing to the negative effects of the disorder.
  • the patient usually receives an oral instruction and prescription to be filled by his pharmacy.
  • the pharmacy he might also receive supplementary information and perhaps some general instruction sheets from the drug companies. Having tried to follow such instructions for a couple of months, usually a new visit to the doctors office is scheduled. This is the first occasion where the doctor is given an opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan by examining the patient, by test data follow-up (such as blood testing etc) and by personal interview, where the patient has an opportunity to describe his reactions and to provide information about how he feels about the effectiveness of the plan.
  • An output parameter is defined that represents the actual control objective, such as a value representing a tool position, a temperature etc.
  • An input parameter is defined representing the desired control objective; this could be a voltage, a knob handle position or a data value.
  • the output parameter is compared to the input parameter.
  • the enclosed figure is a diagram which illustrates the invention.
  • Time delay is extremely long, weeks and months instead of minutes and hours.
  • Representation of output parameter is extremely weak and based on a persons recollection of feeling, easily influenced by external factors (noise).
  • the present invention includes a system improving at least on several of the above- mentioned factors that can relatively easily be improved, leaving "only” complicated and less understood factors to human evaluation.
  • the system of the invention comprises the use of a device named Personal Medication Management Aid (PMMA) that is carried by the user at all times.
  • PMMA Personal Medication Management Aid
  • a device named Personal Medication Management Aid (PMMA) that is carried by the user at all times.
  • PMMA Personal Medication Management Aid
  • it has a medication container and an input device, typically a keyboard, and a display such as a numeric or alphanumeric/graphic display (similar to a pocket calculator or handheld palm computer). It also has an output device in the form of a beeper and/or vibrator. The output parameter would simply be represented by the user inputting a simplified "well-being index" on the keyboard.
  • the PMMA also comprises a program algorithm stored in suitable means, specific to each type of illness, and individually parameterised by the doctor or other person having suitable skills and knowledge (corresponding to drug administration schedule).
  • This program signals the user when he has to take the various drugs. After acknowledging drug intake, he also punches in his wellness factor.
  • the algorithm is applied to the accumulating data, calculating modified timing information, in small steps and within doctor's limits, trying to continually improve drug usage profile.
  • the PMMA measuring system can also be used to monitor the onset of undesired, but until now often unavoidable, dramatic conditions, such as insulin chock or epilepsy grand mal seizures.
  • the difference being that the conditions, or rather the combined development of the measured parameters are monitored and compared to a different algorithm, pre-programmed and based more on the scientific knowledge and less on manual input.
  • warnings are issued initially to the patient only.
  • Even if the alarm conditions are pre-programmed there should be a continuous recording loop that is stopped if an actual seizure occurs. The data in the loop should then be transferred and analysed, eventually providing better understanding of actual process leading to seizure thereby allowing even individual improvement of prediction algorithms.
  • This alarm signal should preferably be used to trigger lalarm conditions that are transmitted for instance via mobile phone system together with relevnt data and location information (such as obtained from the GPS system).
  • the PMMA is brought into the doctor's office at regular visits where it is connected to their PC and analysed by the physician. When leaving the office, this data, together with all other findings has resulted in new parameters being programmed into the device and automatically continuing its cycle of medication management.
  • the system is improved when relevant output information can be measured instead of estimated.
  • Pulse measurement technology is available in common so-called sports watches generally based on electrical signals or by optically measuring tissue transparency changes. (Ear lobe or finger tip transducers commonly available, other systems possible). Information may be transmitted using e.g. commercially available chest belt (r. f.) transmitters or by acoustic means. (As commonly performed with stethoscopes when blood pressure is being measured).
  • Blood pressure can be foreseen to be available in a robust "finger ring" shortly. Skin resistance (sweating, stress level) and temperature is easily measured. Blood oxygenation can also be measured relatively conveniently. Development is under way to measure glucose levels with non-invasive technology, which should be useful with the present system.
  • Symptom specific parameters such as in the case of Parkinson's Disease, rigidness and or shakiness can at least be indicated by accelerometers or by a simple system with an on-board microphone and a small ball in a tiny compartment; when totally silent - patient is "frozen", when noisy patient is shaking etc.
  • EMG signals muscle nerve impulses
  • EEG waveform pattern can presumably reveal common side effects as sleep apnea.
  • a breathing/ sneezing/ snoring indicator is foreseeable. (Asthma and other allergic ailments).
  • the PMMA is daily connected to a home PC, either via a "cradle” such as commonly used with palm computers or via IR or RF (Bluetooth).
  • a "cradle” such as commonly used with palm computers or via IR or RF (Bluetooth).
  • IR or RF Bluetooth
  • the PC can host a more sophisticated algorithm and database.
  • the PC On the next system level the PC in turn uploads/downloads information directly to the doctors office via standard internet connections.
  • the doctors computer would be provided with "pattern recognition" software, or other software using numerical mathematical methods, that would allow him to monitor patients progress and also to receive generated warnings if dangerous or undesireable conditions seem to be evolving. The doctor could also intervene in the optimisation process and influence timing parameters directly from his office.
  • a further advantage is that information from a number of patients may put together and taken into account in the revision of individual algorithms.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention would be to use a commercially available wrist computer clock for data storage calculation and communication.
  • the actual data collection signal treatment and data reduction would in this case be performed by a physically separate unit preferably mounted together with the main unit/wrist computer to facilitate data exchange.
  • Such a configuration should not be seen as limiting the scope of the invention.
  • Several other embodiments are possible or preferred in specific cases. Such embodiments would include the total integration of all parts together with the main unit. In this case the main unit would have to be positioned at a suitable place in contact with the body where the measured conditions are conveniently detectable.
  • An alternative solution is to locate the main unit where it is easily accessible by the user and accepting various data collection satellite units remotely connected to the main unit or a sub-unit by wires, radio frequency or infrared transmitting links etc.
  • the data collection unit has to communicate with the main unit to receive commands and transmit data.
  • the communication takes place over the standardised ir-link.
  • the ir-link is preferred even if the distance between the units is very small, only a few millimetres, in order to avoid possible long time contact integrity problems foreseen in virtually unknown external conditions. Since the IR system is standardised and commonly used it makes the system less dependent on the continued availability of a particular model of wrist or other computer.
  • the universal system herein named MedClock system
  • MedClock system is based on a data logging and communications module, the Med Clock.
  • the MedClock is designed to be carried 24 hours a day with design emphasis on ease of use, understandability, discreteness etc.
  • a number of physical parameters are measured and recorded such as heart rate, temperature, skin resistance and acceleration. These parameters are combined with user inputs such as subjective well being, sleepiness, functionality in specific jobs etc.
  • the data is combined according to specific algorithms residing in the unit and specific output is calculated according to the various applications. Data is exchanged with PC on a regular basis, through suitable communications channels such as IR, wire connection, RF etc. In certain of these applications, specifically those with warning and alarm functions, output can be forwarded to a mobile phone or other similar long distance non-wire system (r.f. Ian etc), in specific cases combined with GPS or other location data, to allow for emergency assistance when the unit detects an alarm condition. Data is also recorded into databases, either locally on PC or for instance on a health providers web system.
  • the data so recorded is used to assist physician in detecting undesirable conditions. It is also the basis for a more sophisticated analysis to provide improved medical strategies. It will also allow data streams from several groups of patients to be of benefit to all patients. Suitably de-personalized these files would provide valuable research data.
  • the various MedClock versions are all differently configured for their specific application. The examples listed below indicate the universal opportunities to configure the device to serve the specific needs of an individual or group. Obviously with all these applications requiring different software, but using the same hardware, the software programming environment becomes important.
  • a tool to assist in documenting results of various therapies More geared toward data collection than continuos medical support. Will be useful to establish a new patient's initial data for a specific illness.
  • a research tool Adaptable to specific research.
  • a researchers programming package should be provided.
  • an automatic selective emergency alarm system is provided.
  • a further step would be to actually prevent machine or vehicle operation by a potentially sleepy driver.

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Abstract

The present invention is for method, device and system for controlling the intake of medicine by a patient which can also be used to monitor critical health status for persons suffering from occasional onsets of potentially dangerous conditions. In the method body data are automatically measured by a means carried by the user in body contact and input to a data processing and storage means in which a program algorithm, specific to each type of illness, and individually parameterised is stored. 'Well-being' data are manually input by the patient to the same data processing and storage means, the automatically and manually input data are processed in the processing and storage means. Information from a number of patients may be put together and taken into account in the revision of individual algorithms.

Description

Personal Medication and Health Aid
The present invention is for method, device and system for controlling the intake of medicine by a patient which can also be used to monitor critical health status for persons suffering from occasional onsets of potentially dangerous conditions.
Many persons are depending on multiple doses of several different drugs daily. Each drug is usually to be taken at specific times according to a prescription schedule. Such combined schedules tend to become complicated, especially when drugs are inter-dependent and also related to factors such as activities, events, physical excerption levels, food, stress etc. Furthermore, the complicated body systems react differently over a period.
The following description uses a simplified model for the purpose of illustration. A person has a less than desired "well-ness". He visits a doctors office to "get well".
The person is examined at a doctors office and it is determined that the person suffers from a specific disorder and that the "un-well-ness" (or discomforts) that the patient is feeling is therefore determined to be a result of the diagnosed disorder. The person is then subjected to a spectrum of treatment options, primarily with the purpose of eliminating the disorder, and thus idealistically also its discomforts.
Often lacking the ability to eliminate the disorder, secondary goals are usually important. Some of these might be:
Slowing the progress of disorder Substituting for and compensating unbalances resulting from disorder
Protecting against unwanted side effects from primary drugs
Pain reduction
Nutrition - strength support
Alleviating discomforts due to depressions and other resulting conditions
There is obviously an extremely delicate balance of combined factors requiring specialist knowledge and extensive experience to arrive at an optimised balance for each individual situation.
After considering all the different factors the doctor arrives at a specific treatment plan, frequently incorporating a schedule with several drugs to be taken at various intervals Some drugs should be taken as regularly as possible to maintain a suitable concentration in the body. Sometimes the prescription might say "Up to x doses daily as needed" such as in the case of painkillers. Some times, there is interaction between food intake and certain drug functions, which ideally should be compensated for. The instructions to the user (patient) therefore tend to become fairly complicated, requiring relatively demanding intellectual efforts many times a day often at precise times. Since the patient usually is more or less taxed by the "un-well-ness" of his disease in addition to the demands of daily life and profession, this requirement in itself can easily become a critical burden and might even be an undesirable stress factor, contributing to the negative effects of the disorder.
Notwithstanding these demands, the patient usually receives an oral instruction and prescription to be filled by his pharmacy. At the pharmacy, he might also receive supplementary information and perhaps some general instruction sheets from the drug companies. Having tried to follow such instructions for a couple of months, usually a new visit to the doctors office is scheduled. This is the first occasion where the doctor is given an opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan by examining the patient, by test data follow-up (such as blood testing etc) and by personal interview, where the patient has an opportunity to describe his reactions and to provide information about how he feels about the effectiveness of the plan.
Above is described a process which shall be controlled. In general to control a process, such as a machine system (simplified for discussion) a closed loop control system is defined:
An output parameter is defined that represents the actual control objective, such as a value representing a tool position, a temperature etc.
An input parameter is defined representing the desired control objective; this could be a voltage, a knob handle position or a data value.
In the traditional basic control system, the output parameter is compared to the input parameter. The difference O-l is amplified and used to increase or decrease the setting so that eventually the output parameter ideally assumes the desired value as represented by the input value. (O - 1=0)
The science of control system theory studies methods to achieve this as accurately and quickly as possible, avoiding noise, overcompensation errors and oscillations.
In the medication situation, a similar attitude could be applied. Although the human body and its interaction with medicine is vastly more complicated, it is fruitful to structure the problem in a similar way.
The enclosed figure is a diagram which illustrates the invention.
As a reference we have the normal person (1) in his normal status feeling "good", (in this case same as "not bad"). This person is beginning to feel less "good" and goes to the doctor to have the status restored to "good" as much as possible. An "input signal" in the form of a drug treatment schedule is applied. Ideally the drug schedule then reduces the persons discomfort. Commonly this becomes known to the doctor at the next scheduled visit, usually several months later, in the form of interview responses. A modification of the schedule is applied to obtain a more effective treatment, i.e. less discomfort. Such as procedure constitutes a very primitive control loop with several shortcomings.
Time delay is extremely long, weeks and months instead of minutes and hours. Representation of output parameter is extremely weak and based on a persons recollection of feeling, easily influenced by external factors (noise).
Representation of input parameter and adherence to drug schedule are variable and susceptible to persons memory and his later representation of actual use.
Several stages of the feed back process are influenced by doctor/patient psychological situation. The patient projects what he wants to project and the doctor sees what he wants to see.
Since this model is an over-simplification it becomes even more important to control each part of the control loop as closely as practically possible, to avoid wasting at least those contributions to the imperfections of the treatment results.
Obvious actions that are already being used today involve the usage of various compartmentalised drug containers, often combined with timing devices that signal the user when it is time to take his drugs.
The actual measurement of the output parameter representation such as blood glucose value, in the case of diabetes, where a blood sample has to be drawn each time, are often difficult and attention demanding. Furthermore, the results are not available to the physician on an ongoing continuos basis.
The present invention includes a system improving at least on several of the above- mentioned factors that can relatively easily be improved, leaving "only" complicated and less understood factors to human evaluation.
The invention and embodiments thereof are characterized by the features mentioned in the claims.
The system of the invention comprises the use of a device named Personal Medication Management Aid (PMMA) that is carried by the user at all times. In its simplest form, it has a medication container and an input device, typically a keyboard, and a display such as a numeric or alphanumeric/graphic display (similar to a pocket calculator or handheld palm computer). It also has an output device in the form of a beeper and/or vibrator. The output parameter would simply be represented by the user inputting a simplified "well-being index" on the keyboard.
The PMMA also comprises a program algorithm stored in suitable means, specific to each type of illness, and individually parameterised by the doctor or other person having suitable skills and knowledge (corresponding to drug administration schedule). This program signals the user when he has to take the various drugs. After acknowledging drug intake, he also punches in his wellness factor. The algorithm is applied to the accumulating data, calculating modified timing information, in small steps and within doctor's limits, trying to continually improve drug usage profile.
The PMMA measuring system can also be used to monitor the onset of undesired, but until now often unavoidable, dramatic conditions, such as insulin chock or epilepsy grand mal seizures. The difference being that the conditions, or rather the combined development of the measured parameters are monitored and compared to a different algorithm, pre-programmed and based more on the scientific knowledge and less on manual input. When the development of the combined parameters approach conditions that are potentially dangerous, warnings are issued initially to the patient only. Even if the alarm conditions are pre-programmed, there should be a continuous recording loop that is stopped if an actual seizure occurs. The data in the loop should then be transferred and analysed, eventually providing better understanding of actual process leading to seizure thereby allowing even individual improvement of prediction algorithms.
If a seizure or similar conditions occur, this is relatively easily detected and an alarm signal is produced. This alarm signal should preferably be used to trigger lalarm conditions that are transmitted for instance via mobile phone system together with relevnt data and location information (such as obtained from the GPS system).
Since the basic PMMA is ideally suited to aid such patients in their daily medication program, it is obvious that an extended system should also include above described monitoring and alarm functions in addition to the basic functions.
The PMMA is brought into the doctor's office at regular visits where it is connected to their PC and analysed by the physician. When leaving the office, this data, together with all other findings has resulted in new parameters being programmed into the device and automatically continuing its cycle of medication management. The system is improved when relevant output information can be measured instead of estimated. Many kinds of technology are available and may be used with the invention. Pulse measurement technology is available in common so-called sports watches generally based on electrical signals or by optically measuring tissue transparency changes. (Ear lobe or finger tip transducers commonly available, other systems possible). Information may be transmitted using e.g. commercially available chest belt (r. f.) transmitters or by acoustic means. (As commonly performed with stethoscopes when blood pressure is being measured). Blood pressure can be foreseen to be available in a robust "finger ring" shortly. Skin resistance (sweating, stress level) and temperature is easily measured. Blood oxygenation can also be measured relatively conveniently. Development is under way to measure glucose levels with non-invasive technology, which should be useful with the present system.
Symptom specific parameters such as in the case of Parkinson's Disease, rigidness and or shakiness can at least be indicated by accelerometers or by a simple system with an on-board microphone and a small ball in a tiny compartment; when totally silent - patient is "frozen", when noisy patient is shaking etc.
The measurement of EMG signals (muscle nerve impulses) should serve the same purpose, but reliable all day electrodes must be simplified.
EEG waveform pattern can presumably reveal common side effects as sleep apnea. A breathing/ sneezing/ snoring indicator is foreseeable. (Asthma and other allergic ailments).
If one or several of these measurable parameters can be combined with manual input, a central database would soon automatically build that eventually would more and more minimize the requirement for manual input/intervention. The statistical combination of several marginally relevant data streams into a more useful conclusion, allows the system to eventually create a fairly relevant output parameter, that in turn can be used in the drug schedule optimisation process.
On the next system level the PMMA is daily connected to a home PC, either via a "cradle" such as commonly used with palm computers or via IR or RF (Bluetooth). Obviously the PC can host a more sophisticated algorithm and database.
On the next system level the PC in turn uploads/downloads information directly to the doctors office via standard internet connections. The doctors computer would be provided with "pattern recognition" software, or other software using numerical mathematical methods, that would allow him to monitor patients progress and also to receive generated warnings if dangerous or undesireable conditions seem to be evolving. The doctor could also intervene in the optimisation process and influence timing parameters directly from his office.
A further advantage is that information from a number of patients may put together and taken into account in the revision of individual algorithms.
The invention and embodiments thereof are characterized by the features mentioned in the claims.
A preferred embodiment of the invention would be to use a commercially available wrist computer clock for data storage calculation and communication. The actual data collection signal treatment and data reduction would in this case be performed by a physically separate unit preferably mounted together with the main unit/wrist computer to facilitate data exchange. Such a configuration should not be seen as limiting the scope of the invention. Several other embodiments are possible or preferred in specific cases. Such embodiments would include the total integration of all parts together with the main unit. In this case the main unit would have to be positioned at a suitable place in contact with the body where the measured conditions are conveniently detectable. An alternative solution is to locate the main unit where it is easily accessible by the user and accepting various data collection satellite units remotely connected to the main unit or a sub-unit by wires, radio frequency or infrared transmitting links etc. The data collection unit has to communicate with the main unit to receive commands and transmit data. In the illustrated example the communication takes place over the standardised ir-link. The ir-link is preferred even if the distance between the units is very small, only a few millimetres, in order to avoid possible long time contact integrity problems foreseen in virtually unknown external conditions. Since the IR system is standardised and commonly used it makes the system less dependent on the continued availability of a particular model of wrist or other computer.
Example.
The universal system, herein named MedClock system, is based on a data logging and communications module, the Med Clock. The MedClock is designed to be carried 24 hours a day with design emphasis on ease of use, understandability, discreteness etc.
A number of physical parameters are measured and recorded such as heart rate, temperature, skin resistance and acceleration. These parameters are combined with user inputs such as subjective well being, sleepiness, functionality in specific jobs etc. The data is combined according to specific algorithms residing in the unit and specific output is calculated according to the various applications. Data is exchanged with PC on a regular basis, through suitable communications channels such as IR, wire connection, RF etc. In certain of these applications, specifically those with warning and alarm functions, output can be forwarded to a mobile phone or other similar long distance non-wire system (r.f. Ian etc), in specific cases combined with GPS or other location data, to allow for emergency assistance when the unit detects an alarm condition. Data is also recorded into databases, either locally on PC or for instance on a health providers web system.
The data so recorded is used to assist physician in detecting undesirable conditions. It is also the basis for a more sophisticated analysis to provide improved medical strategies. It will also allow data streams from several groups of patients to be of benefit to all patients. Suitably de-personalized these files would provide valuable research data. The various MedClock versions are all differently configured for their specific application. The examples listed below indicate the universal opportunities to configure the device to serve the specific needs of an individual or group. Obviously with all these applications requiring different software, but using the same hardware, the software programming environment becomes important.
It will of course not be possible to foresee all future applications and variations. Various individuals and groups will specialize in different parts of this environment and also develop it further. In order to take full advantage of the system a standardized application environment should be established.
Below are some examples of various MedClock applications.
DocClock.
A tool to assist in documenting results of various therapies. More geared toward data collection than continuos medical support. Will be useful to establish a new patient's initial data for a specific illness.
ResClock.
A research tool. Adaptable to specific research. A researchers programming package should be provided.
PatClock.
A tool for a patient to actually se the results of various actions and to be able to communicate more precisely to caregiver how he is really feeling. Requires a consumer oriented software package.
PsyClock. Psychological Status should reflect in some way immeasurable parameters. Example degree of activity. A psycho-feedback system could be developed to aid the patient into positive thinking.
MonClock.
By monitoring critical data impending unfavorable conditions could be forewarned for the patient to take proper preventive action.
SOSCIock.
Combined with location data and mobile phone system or similar an automatic selective emergency alarm system is provided.
SafClock.
By sensing combination of parameters, possibly dangerous conditions can be avoided. A further step would be to actually prevent machine or vehicle operation by a potentially sleepy driver. Could also allow users to drive a car when in "safe" status thus avoiding unnecessary restrictions.
DiaClock.
Specifically programmed to aid diabetes patients both to optimize medication and to forewarn critical situations.
ParClock. Medicine usage is individually optimized by detection of shaking and stiffness in combination with other parameters. Se detailed product descriptions.
EpiClock.
Combination of monitoring, SOS functions with drug usage prediction to avoid or minimize seizures.
PainClock.
By continuos monitoring of patients parameters and his "wellness" programming a profile will be possible to optimize drug usage (=minimize at maintain or improved functionality)
SpoClock. Has more data than currently available heart rate monitors will allow for many specialized and sophisticated sports applications. (Accelerometers may be programmed to perform pedometer functions) JobClock.
Opportunities to combine individual data with process data to improve work conditions. Ex optimizes process speed to avoid unsafe conditions.
EntClock.
Various opportunities to interact with game systems. As dating meter.
HypClock.
As hypnosis tool.
YogaClock.
Aid to achieve desired state of mind.

Claims

CLAIMS.
1. Method for controlling the intake of medicine by a patient characterized in that body data are automatically measured by a means carried by the user in body contact and input to a data processing and storage means in which a program algorithm, specific to each type of illness, and individually parameterised is stored that "well-being" data are manually input by the patient to the same data processing and storage means that the automatically and manually input data are processed in the processing and storage means that a signal is sent to the patient when to take a medicine and the dose to be taken, based upon the processed data.
2. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the processed data are transferred to one or more external data processing units for recalculating and revising the parameters of the algorithm.
3. Method according to claim 2 characterized in that accumulated data are stored in the external unit or units to detect desired or undesired conditions by numerical mathematic recognition methods.
4. Method according to claim 3 characterized in that information from a number of patients is put together and taken into account in the revision of individual algorithms.
5. Device for controlling the intake of medicine by a patient characterized in that it comprises a means (PMMA) that is carried by the user in body contact, the means comprising
a display such as a numeric or alphanumeric/graphic display
at least one first input device which can be used by the patient for manual input of data
at least one second input device for input of automatically recorded data
a data processing and storage means in which a program algorithm, specific to each type of illness, and individually parameterised is stored means for automatically measuring relevant body data to be input to the data processing means through the second input devices
means for processing data which have been input through the first and the second input means and signalling to the patient when to take a medicine and the dose to be taken, based upon the processed data.
6. System for controlling the intake of medicine by a patient using the method and device of any of the above claims characterized in that it also comprises means for connecting to or communicating with external data processing units for recalculating and revising the parameters of the algorithm.
7. System according to claim 6 characterized in that external units are used to store accumulated data to detect desired or undesired conditions by numerical mathematic recognition or doctors recognition.
8. System according to claim 7 characterized in that information from a number of patients is put together and taken into account in the revision of individual algorithms.
9. System and means according to any of claims 5-8 characterized in that the data processing and storage means includes means for encryption of data.
PCT/SE2002/001431 2001-08-08 2002-08-07 Personal medication and health aid WO2003013351A1 (en)

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