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WO2003017119A1 - Systemes et procedes de creation d'un contenu - Google Patents

Systemes et procedes de creation d'un contenu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003017119A1
WO2003017119A1 PCT/US2002/026318 US0226318W WO03017119A1 WO 2003017119 A1 WO2003017119 A1 WO 2003017119A1 US 0226318 W US0226318 W US 0226318W WO 03017119 A1 WO03017119 A1 WO 03017119A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
content
pricing
billing
resource
exporting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2002/026318
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Tinsley
Frederick Joseph Ii Patton
Original Assignee
Interactive Sapience Corp.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US09/932,346 external-priority patent/US6744729B2/en
Priority claimed from US09/932,217 external-priority patent/US20030043191A1/en
Priority claimed from US09/932,344 external-priority patent/US20040205648A1/en
Priority claimed from US09/932,345 external-priority patent/US20030041159A1/en
Application filed by Interactive Sapience Corp. filed Critical Interactive Sapience Corp.
Publication of WO2003017119A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003017119A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/75—Media network packet handling
    • H04L65/756—Media network packet handling adapting media to device capabilities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/75—Media network packet handling
    • H04L65/765—Media network packet handling intermediate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/60—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources
    • H04L67/61—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources taking into account QoS or priority requirements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B2220/00—Record carriers by type
    • G11B2220/20—Disc-shaped record carriers
    • G11B2220/25—Disc-shaped record carriers characterised in that the disc is based on a specific recording technology
    • G11B2220/2537—Optical discs
    • G11B2220/2562—DVDs [digital versatile discs]; Digital video discs; MMCDs; HDCDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
    • G11B27/02—Editing, e.g. varying the order of information signals recorded on, or reproduced from, record carriers
    • G11B27/031—Electronic editing of digitised analogue information signals, e.g. audio or video signals
    • G11B27/034—Electronic editing of digitised analogue information signals, e.g. audio or video signals on discs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
    • G11B27/10—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
    • G11B27/102—Programmed access in sequence to addressed parts of tracks of operating record carriers
    • G11B27/105—Programmed access in sequence to addressed parts of tracks of operating record carriers of operating discs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/60—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources
    • H04L67/63—Routing a service request depending on the request content or context

Definitions

  • An authoring system is a computer program or a set of computer programs that supports the process of developing information.
  • An objective of any authoring system or process is to provide search and navigation facilities that help readers find topics of interest.
  • Some authoring systems develop these search facilities after the information is authored. For instance, some authoring systems rely on information retrieval techniques that find information based on the occurrence of a word or phrase in the text. They use computer programs to create the search facility after the author has created the body of information. However, readers find it difficult to retrieve information that fits their needs, since the occurrence of words or phrases can appear in many contexts that are not apropos.
  • hypermedia systems often use graphical mapping techniques and linking mechanisms to communicate the structure of the body of the information in the hypermedia database.
  • mapping techniques and links are used as desired, so the structure of the information revealed to readers is what the author envisioned, not what is obvious or natural to the readers.
  • it becomes enormously difficult to maintain such a structure of information links due to (1) the idiosyncratic nature of the original structure, and (2) the fact that these links are usually integrated into the body of the information itself, making it difficult to locate links that must change.
  • the result for the reader is a phenomenon called "lost in hyperspace,” in which the reader becomes disoriented by the structure of the hypermedia, or, worse, encounters information links that fail.
  • a method for authoring content includes acquiring and annotating a content resource; composing one or more scenes and constructing a narrative; and exporting the content.
  • the acquiring and annotating a content resource can include defining a layout; importing the content resource; applying one or more contextual descriptors and contextual object references; and associating one or more CODECs with the content.
  • the composing one or more scenes and constructing a narrative can include arranging the content in the layout; defining navigational or sequential flow; defining one or more context menus; associating each context menu with its context; specifying one or more design rules for flow customization; compiling, simulating and verifying the behavior of a presentation.
  • the exporting the content can include specifying one of the following: an image destination medium, an access control option, a commerce functionality, and a copy protection option as well as the step of registering an author as a content provider.
  • the exporting the content also includes generating a registered output image.
  • Advantages of the invention may include one or more of the following.
  • the system helps the author create, as an integral part of the authoring process, search facilities that gather semantic data about reader's context, while at the same time providing a consistent, rigorous method for structuring the information corpus so that authors can constructively collaborate in a nondisruptive manner as an integral part of creating information.
  • the system uses a pricing model represented in a small, self-contained XML grammar that possesses the granularity and flexibility to model a wide array of pricing models.
  • a pricing model represented in a small, self-contained XML grammar that possesses the granularity and flexibility to model a wide array of pricing models.
  • the use of such a compact grammar throughout the system enables rich comparative structural analysis, and provides a tool for highly scalable analysis of consumer demand and pricing, including powerful simulations of pricing models utilizing usage histories.
  • the user benefits by being able to run precise simulations in regards to planned usage, in addition to having complete, expressive, dynamic pricing information. This removes practices of duplicity and misleading fine print.
  • FIG. 1 shows functional blocks associated with one embodiment of an authoring system.
  • Fig. 2 shows an exemplary process in authoring content.
  • Fig. 3 shows a basic pricing architecture.
  • Fig. 4 shows an alternate pricing architecture.
  • Fig. 5 shows an environment for processing computerized multi-media presentation transactions.
  • Fig. 6 shows an exemplary interactive multimedia architecture.
  • Fig. 7 shows an exemplary authoring system.
  • Fig. 8 shows an exemplary video filter.
  • Fig. 1 shows functional blocks associated with one embodiment of an authoring system 10.
  • the system 10 has three major sections: a resource acquisition and annotation section 20, a scene composition and narrative construction section 30, and an export section 40.
  • the section 20 includes a define layout module 22.
  • the window layout is chosen. Single or multi- window formats are possible. Given multiple windows, the arrangement of the windows is specified, including options for floating windows and full screen behavior.
  • the section 20 also includes an import content module 24 that performs basic asset management using a prior encoding stage (not shown). The authoring system itself is media-format agnostic.
  • the section 20 also includes a module 26 that applies contextual descriptors and contextual object references.
  • presentation context descriptors PCDs
  • a PCD uniquely identifies one specific segment of one specific media stream as a discrete context unit. These segments may freely overlap.
  • the primary function of a PCD is to provide contextual feedback to the system, and in so doing, update a user's current presentation context, which is the sum of active contexts for all media streams in all presentation windows.
  • High-level context units might demarcate a scene, while much more granular chunks may specify discrete context units contained within.
  • Contextual object references work in conjunction with PCDs to provide contextual indexing and object-based associations.
  • a contextual object reference may be attributed to any number of PCDs as well as to other CORs. CORs then establish granular relationships within and amongst media streams. Given visible CORs, the user could seek directly to scenes involving a particular actor instead of manually scanning through the content.
  • a contextual object reference could refer to concrete entities (people, places and things) as well as to abstract signifiers (subject matter, style and mood).
  • PCDs and CORs Unlike context menu entries (CMEs) which signify access to contextually related content, PCDs and CORs merely delineate context for feedback and searching. A PCD is used to distinguish a specific occurence, whereas CORs flag recurring context elements.
  • CMEs context menu entries
  • the section 20 also includes a Codec association module 28.
  • codecs are used to interface with arbitrary media formats.
  • the section 30 includes a module 32 that arranges content in layout & defines navigational or sequential flow.
  • Each presentation window utilizes a time line so that media streams may be applied to a particular window, coordinate position, and sequential order.
  • the sequential ordering may be bypassed by non-linear navigation, such as navigation menus.
  • a system- generated BiFS stream incorporates and articulates these choices.
  • the section 30 also includes a module 32 that allows the user to define context menus & associate with contexts.
  • Interactive context is triggered by the user, unlike traditional menus.
  • Interactive context provides a means for the user to access contextually related information via a context menu at any time.
  • all currently validated context menu entries are accumulated into a hierarchical context menu.
  • a CME is applied to a PCD or a COR.
  • a context menu entry will indicate what text and text properties to present to a user, as well as the hierarchical location within the menu. For instance, a scene with Robert DeNiro and Al Pacino meeting in a cafe, could specify the contextual nodes related to DeNiro shown in the following pseudo code.
  • a decimal point followed by the PCD id is used. For instance, content with no local streamID, would be grayed out or omitted, depending on the GUI preference, if no Internet connection was active.
  • a transitional stream is a local placeholder used to increase perceived responsiveness and provide feedback in regards to stream acquisition.
  • the section 30 also includes a module 36 that allows the user to specify design-time rules for flow customization.
  • the author can take advantage of parameterization. By collecting input from the user or by querying the system in regards to usage analysis, the author can articulate rules for dynamic content flow customization.
  • An example illustrating the use of user feedback is a customizable music video. The following content streams might be available: principle audio track, remix audio tracks, concert audio takes, alternate thematic audio interjections (dialog from the movie or something), studio takes video track, concert video takes, video takes, alternate close-ups and perspectives, multiple alternate thematic video content, and karaoke overlay options. These different streams would be heavily described by CORs.
  • the section 30 also includes a module 38 that allows the user to compile, simulate, & verify presentation behavior.
  • a BiFS stream is generated, which will convey composition and navigation.
  • Object Content Information (OCI) streams and MPEG-7 streams may also be generated to convey contextual information.
  • Other supplemental streams, such as MPEG-4 Object Descriptor streams may also be generated.
  • Associated codecs will be utilized for rendering.
  • a module 42 allows the user to specify image destination (for example, CD, DVD, or streamed). This corresponds to the storage location, as opposed to any particular format.
  • a module 44 allows the user to choose and apply copy protection options.
  • Copy protection mechanisms consists of any Digital Rights Management (DRM) mechanisms available on the network.
  • DRM Digital Rights Management
  • the DRM mechanism employed remains registered within the ASP network, and is not identified with the content. Instead, the presence of copy protection is indicated through access control information, discussed below. At that point, the system must be communicated with, and given validated user access, the DRM access keys may be sent periodically, to decrypt the content. Access validation is identified by account mformation, and may include constraints such as password protection or regional protections.
  • a module 46 allows the user to choose and apply access control options.
  • IPMP Intellectual Property Management and Protection
  • An IPMP framework corresponding to the ISO/IEC 14496 MPEG-4 systems specification is used for the conveyance of access information. This specifies the use of elementary streams and IPMP descriptors to make protected ISO/TEC 1496 content available to the playback system.
  • An IPMP elementary stream may be associated with a given elementary stream or set of elementary streams.
  • IPMP descriptors may be used to convey time-invariant or slowly changing IPMP information associated with a given elementary stream or set of elementary streams.
  • Scene descriptions (BiFS) are treated like any other elementary stream, and may be protected by IPMP stream(s).
  • the particular playback system must understand the IPMP protective mechanism employed by the streams or fail access to the streams, as per the MPEG-4 specification. Upon understanding the mechanism, the playback system may utilize the IPMP systems mechanism.
  • the access control information simply indicates the presence of non-commercial constraints, commercial constraints, and copy protection. These indications are specified via IPMP descriptors. Given any of these constraints, the playback system will contact the system for user authentication and authorization. System feedback may involve the periodic exchange of keys, depending on the protection mechanism.
  • the section 40 also includes a module 48 that allows the user to choose and apply commerce functionality.
  • the same general purpose pricing model is utilized both for software components and for content.
  • the pricing model can be considered in terms of content generated by the authoring system.
  • the pricing model represents a small, self-contained XML grammar that possesses the granularity and flexibility to model a wide array of pricing models.
  • the use of such a compact grammar throughout the system enables rich comparative structural analysis, and provides a tool for highly scalable analysis of consumer demand and pricing, including powerful simulations of pricing models utilizing usage histories.
  • the user benefits by being able to run precise simulations in regards to planned usage, in addition to having complete, expressive, dynamic pricing infonnation. This removes practices of duplicity and misleading fine print.
  • pricing models are situated in a pricing expression tree structure, which is located within the ASP network.
  • Each pricing model represents a pricing node.
  • a pricing node may articulate a override condition, that if true, can alter the pricing of the structures beneath it. This override expression, may constrain the sub nodes by expression of ALL or ANY.
  • the pricing expression may be replaced or altered utilizing a Billing Modification Attributes object, to be discussed below.
  • Each content segment or stream may reference a pricing node, via a pricing node id.
  • a pricing node may be referenced from multiple sources.
  • a pricing node need not be referenced by any streams or content segments to affect their pricing.
  • the containing pricing node may alter or replace the pricing expressions of contained nodes.
  • multiple sources share a pricing node, they are treated as a single entity.
  • a containing pricing node need never be referenced. As long as a sub node is referenced, its override condition is evaluated. The condition expressed by a pricing node may reference within its conditional expression other external pricing nodes not contained beneath its pricing node.
  • a source may only directly reference a terminal pricing node, which by rule, has no sub nodes and no override expression, evaluating to true when the pricing node is associated to the user via an access license.
  • a pricing node may accomplish competitive pricing, such as by providing discounts for those who have purchased competing products.
  • an intermediate pricing node is referenced.
  • the intermediate pricing node may not exist within the pricing expression tree. Therefore, given a correlation between user and pricing nodes within the access license, the intermediate pricing node resolves to a terminal pricing node within the pricing expression tree.
  • the core components of the pricing model are Billing Attributes Billing Cycle
  • Billing Attributes is the foundation of the pricing model and consists of a collection of billing attributes out of which pricing expressions are built. These billing attributes have parameters to further tune their expressions. A by-product of this is that an equivalent expression can sometimes be arrived at using different attributes.
  • Fig. 2 shows an exemplary process 60 in authoring content.
  • the process 60 includes acquiring and annotating a content resource (step 62) which includes defining a layout (step 64); importing the content resource (step 66); applying one or more contextual descriptors and contextual object references (step 68); and associating one or more CODECs with the content (step 70).
  • the process 60 also includes composing one or more scenes and constructing a narrative (step 72), which in turn includes arranging the content in the layout (step 74); defining navigational or sequential flow (step 76); defining one or more context menus (step 78); associating each context menu with its context (step 80); specifying one or more design rules for flow customization (step 82); compiling, simulating and verifying the behavior of a presentation (step 84).
  • the process 60 also includes exporting the content (step 90).
  • Step 90 can include specifying one of the following: an image destination medium, an access control option, a commerce functionality, and a copy protection option (step 92) as well as the step of registering an author as a content provider (step 94).
  • the exporting the content also includes generating a registered output image (step 96).
  • Fig. 3 shows a Basic Pricing architecture in which a billing cycle communicates the billing schedule and facilitates its automation. Related commerce issues such as failed payment transactions, late payments, partial payments, or non-payments, are handled within the licensing model.
  • Basic Pricing which consists solely of Billing Attributes, and Billing Cycle is enough to specify a complete pricing model. However, it does not enable scalable or variable pricing.
  • Alternate Pricing functions identically to Basic Pricing, and contains the same Billing Attributes component. The difference is that Alternate Pricing can utilize conditional triggers, whether instance-based, expenditure-based, or meter-based. With Alternate Pricing, conditional triggers are evaluated before applying the Billing Attributes. These triggers can modify the Billing Attributes to enable price scaling and conditional pricing. If Basic Pricing and Alternate Pricing are both present, the triggers for Alternate Pricing are first evaluated. Once an Alternate Pricing condition has been triggered, Alternate Pricing replaces Basic Pricing. Alternate Pricing may contain zero or one Trigger Definition components. The presence of Alternate Pricing requires a Billing Attributes component, but not a Trigger Definitions component.
  • Fig. 4 shows an alternate pricing architecture.
  • trigger definitions consists of four sub components : Instance Trigger Expenditure Trigger Metered Trigger Supplemental Billing History Each trigger contains a Billing History Scope field, to be discussed below.
  • each trigger contains a collection of zero or more Trigger Entry nodes. Semantically, the difference lies in how the Trigger Entry nodes are interpreted.
  • the trigger definitions node may also contain a Supplemental Billing History node, which itself, may contain one or more Billing History Entry nodes, which consist solely of a Billing Cycle.
  • This node provides the ability to consider alternate billing periods for purposes of evaluating trigger conditions. For instance, though the billing cycle may be monthly, the pricing model may want to consider the larger account history outside of the current billing cycle in regards to discounting or price scaling. The flexibility exists to also examine subsets within the current billing history or a previous non-overlapping period, such as the previous billing cycle.
  • Each trigger type (instance, expenditure, metered) includes a scope attribute.
  • the attribute is optional, and defaults to zero, which corresponds to the current billing cycle.
  • a non-zero value must correspond to the scope ID of a billing history entry, thus linking it to an alternate billing cycle.
  • Multiple trigger types of the same scope are not permitted within a trigger definitions node.
  • Trigger entries provide a step or milestone at which pricing scaling, discounting, revised buyout options, or promotional offers can take place.
  • Billing modification attributes that appear within triggers only replace those of like form, leaving intact any other attributes. To remove a billing attribute, its value should be set to zero. Discounts specified within a trigger are only valid upon activation of the trigger, that is, once per trigger, and are accumulated with any other discount declarations.
  • Trigger Entry contains the following components: Condition Billing Modification Attributes
  • the node may be present zero or one times.
  • the first node is the key to how the trigger entry is interpreted; it represents the condition on which the trigger is to be evaluated. It accepts a generic value that is interpreted basic on what type of trigger contains the entry.
  • the lack of a Condition node means the condition is automatically validated as true. While the Condition node represents the criterion for evaluation, the rest of trigger entry's nodes are transformation parameters, which specify the result.
  • the first of these nodes is the Billing Modification Attributes node.
  • Billing Modification Attributes add a twist to Billing Attributes, in that in addition to specifying a new value, a percentage or value adjustment can be applied to a pre-existing value.
  • Each billing modification attribute such as fixed rate use cost, can contain any one of the following fields in place of value: reduce by value, reduce by percentage, increase by value or increase by percentage.
  • Alternate Pricing enables discount declaration. Discounts are similar to Alternate Pricing, but whereas Alternate Pricing is forward looking, meaning future usages are billed at new rates, discount declarations look back, retroactively accumulating a discount specified by each trigger. In this event, whereas Alternate Pricing is modified, discounts are always accumulated into a running refund total. Discounts may be applied to the current billing cycle and the next billing cycle. Discounts allow vendors another method of enticing users to reach usage milestones. Alternate payment is a special hook enabling buyout options, such as with installment plans. Alternate payment contains a billing modification attributes node, which is used to revise the billing attributes of alternate price, such as reducing the payments to zero.
  • the promotion offer hook enables special offers to be keyed to conditional milestones.
  • the indication of commercial constraints within access control information corresponds to the transmission of pricing node identifiers associated with the content stream or segment. This is time- varying information conveyed in the IPMP stream. Restricted content, such as for commercial constraints, by provide the user with information to acquire the resource, if appropriate.
  • the system will provide pricing feedback to the playback system in a dedicated back channel. For actual billing, this will depend on the billing cycle. Actual transactions will be carried out by payment systems, which will generally be carried out over HTTP or HTTPS. Billing state and history will remain logged on the system. The content provider will be able to define contingencies for issues such as failed transactions and delinquent accounts. These mechanisms may include feedback messages to the user, which may include interactive forms.
  • the user must register as a content provider.
  • the authoring system supports the following features:
  • Fig. 5 shows an environment for handling presentations generated using the authoring system discussed above.
  • a server 100 is connected to a network 102 such as the Internet.
  • One or more client workstations 104-106 are also connected to the network 102.
  • the client workstations 104-106 can be personal computers or workstations running browsers such as Netscape or Internet Explorer. With the browser, a client or user can access the server 100's Web site by clicking in the browser's Address box, and typing the address (for example, www.isc.com), then press Enter. When the page has finished loading, the status bar at the bottom of the window is updated.
  • the browser also provides various buttons that allow the client or user to traverse the Internet or to perform other browsing functions.
  • An Internet community 110 with one or more media companies, service providers, manufacturers, or marketers is connected to the network 102 and can communicate directly with users of the client workstations 104-106 or indirectly through the server 100.
  • the Internet community 110 provides the client workstations 104-106 with access to a network of media specialists such as music/video distributors. Additionally, the Internet community 110 also provides access to a variety of supporting members.
  • the server 100 can be an individual server, the server 100 can also be a cluster of redundant servers. Such a cluster can provide automatic data failover, protecting against both hardware and software faults.
  • a plurality of servers provides resources independent of each other until one of the servers fails. Each server can continuously monitor other servers. When one of the servers is unable to respond, the failover process begins. The surviving server acquires the shared drives and volumes of the failed server and mounts the volumes contained on the shared drives. Applications that use the shared drives can also be started on the surviving server after the failover. As soon as the failed server is booted up and the communication between servers indicates that the server is ready to own its shared drives, the servers automatically start the recovery process.
  • a server farm can be used. Network requests and server load conditions can be tracked in real time by the server farm controller, and the request can be distributed across the farm of servers to optimize responsiveness and system capacity. When necessary, the farm can automatically and transparently place additional server capacity in service as traffic load increases.
  • the server 100 can also be protected by a firewall.
  • the firewall receives a network packet from the network 102, it determines whether the transmission is authorized. If so, the firewall examines the header within the packet to determine what encryption algorithm was used to encrypt the packet. Using this algorithm and a secret key, the firewall decrypts the data and addresses of the source and destination firewalls and sends the data to the server 100. If both the source and destination are firewalls, the only addresses visible (i.e., unencrypted) on the network are those of the firewall. The addresses of computers on the internal networks, and, hence, the internal network topology, are hidden. This is called “virtual private networking" (VPN).
  • VPN virtual private networking
  • the server 100 supports a multi-media presentation transaction portal that provides a single point of integration, access, and navigation through the multiple enterprise systems and information sources facing knowledge users operating the client workstations 104-106.
  • the portal can additionally support services that are transaction driven. Once such service is advertising: each time the user accesses the portal, the client workstation 104 or 106 downloads multi-media information from the server 100.
  • the information can contain commercial messages/links or can contain downloadable software. Based on data collected on users, advertisers may selectively broadcast messages to users. Messages can be sent through banner advertisements, which are images displayed in a window of the portal. A user can click on the image and be routed to an advertiser's Web-site.
  • Advertisers pay for the number of advertisements displayed, the number of times users click on advertisements, or based on other criteria.
  • the portal supports sponsorship programs, which involve providing an advertiser the right to be displayed on the face of the port or on a drop down menu for a specified period of time, usually one year or less.
  • the portal also supports performance-based arrangements whose payments are dependent on the success of an advertising campaign, which may be measured by the number of times users visit a Web-site, purchase products or register for services.
  • the portal can refer users to advertisers' Web-sites when they log on to the portal.
  • the portal offers contents and forums providing focused articles, valuable insights, questions and answers, and value-added information about related issues, including music and video information.
  • the information can relate to various singer's web sites, among others.
  • Other services can be supported as well.
  • a user can rent space on the server to enable him/her to download application software (applets) and/or data - anytime and anywhere.
  • application software apps
  • data - anytime and anywhere By off-loading the storage on the server, the user minimizes the memory required on the client workstation 104-106, thus enabling complex operations to run on minimal computers such as handheld computers and yet still ensures that he/she can access the application and related information anywhere anytime.
  • Another service is On-line Software Distribution/Rental Service.
  • the portal can distribute its software and other software companies from its server.
  • the portal can rent the software so that the user pays only for the actual usage of the software. After each use, the application is erased and will be reloaded when next needed, after paying another transaction usage fee.
  • the server 100 allows a consumer to log onto a computerized multi-media presentation transaction system over a network and automates the steps required to complete a multi-media presentation transaction.
  • Fig. 6 shows an exemplary interactive multimedia architecture with Encoding/Authoring/ Player components.
  • the system includes a video filter 402 connected to a video encoder 404.
  • the output of the video encoder 404 is provided to an authoring system 500.
  • the authoring system 500 also receives data from an audio encoder 450.
  • the output of the authoring system 500 is transmitted to a user through a number of mechanisms: transmitted over the Internet, transmitted over the airwaves, printed on CDs or DVDs, or a combination of the above mechanisms, for example.
  • the output of the authoring system 500 is eventually played by a player 600.
  • the player 600 is based on QuickTime Plug-in architecture.
  • the player design includes the following capabilities: De-Multiplex, BiFS Parser, DIP Parser.
  • the player 600 can also invoke multiple codecs simultaneously.
  • the encoder 404 delivers capability to the end user, which is scalable to their budget.
  • Each encoder implementation is a component implementing CIA and the encoder plug-in interface represented in the reference software, and in satisfying this requirement, is vendor agnostic.
  • MPEG 1 MPEG 2
  • MPEG 4 QuickTime, Sorensen, AVI, MJPEG, DV, VP3, and DivX.
  • Audio codecs that can be supported include PCM, MPEG 2, AAC, CELP, MP3, and Structured Audio.
  • FIG. 7 One implementation of the authoring system 500 is shown in more detail in Fig. 7.
  • This embodiment of the authoring system 500 receives encoded data from the video encoder 402 and the audio encoder 404 and provides the incoming data to an encoder control 502.
  • the output of the encoder control 502 is provided to a media importer 504.
  • the media importer 504 also receives input from a media server 506.
  • the output of the media importer 504 is provided to a layer abstraction engine 510.
  • the layer abstraction engine 510 provides outputs to a plurality of devices.
  • the layer abstraction engine 510 drives a simulator player 520 whose output is provided to one or more decoders 522.
  • the layer abstraction engine 510 drives an exporter 530, which handles XML data.
  • the exporter 530 is connected to a streaming engine 532.
  • the layer abstraction engine 510 also drives a BiFS compiler 540, which formats data for one or more output streams for CD, DVD or other suitable data streams.
  • Fig. 8 shows an exemplary video filter capable of "learning" attributes to various objects in a video stream.
  • the filter receives data from one or more sources 602.
  • the source data is provided to a filter 604 and is broken into components FI 606, 608 and 610, each of which is fed to respective encoders 612, 614 and 616.
  • the outputs of the encoders 612-616 are provided to audio/video objects (AVOs) 618, 620 and 622, respectively.
  • AVOs audio/video objects
  • the outputs of the AVOs are provided to an authoring system 640.
  • the authoring system 640 also accepts vector images using a vector AVO 624. Additional video sources such as a second video source 626 is received through a second filter 628, an encoder 630 and a second video AVO 632, respectively. The authoring system 640 can also accept additional audio sources such as an audio source 634, whose output is provided to an audio filter 636, an encoder 638, and an audio AVO 639, respectively.
  • Additional video sources such as a second video source 626 is received through a second filter 628, an encoder 630 and a second video AVO 632, respectively.
  • the authoring system 640 can also accept additional audio sources such as an audio source 634, whose output is provided to an audio filter 636, an encoder 638, and an audio AVO 639, respectively.
  • the authoring system 640 sends its output to a BiFS compiler 642 and a multiplexer 644.
  • the resulting file is transmitted to a viewer.
  • the viewer has a demultiplexer 650 that sends output to a BiFS parser 652.
  • the received stream is assigned using an assign CODEC 656 to video AVOs 670-674, vector AVO 676, second video AVO 678 and audio AVO 680.
  • a rendering engine 690 Based on the output of the AVOs 670-680, a rendering engine 690 outputs the multimedia stream onto a computer screen.
  • the above system allows a party to complete a multi-media presentation transaction from beginning to end using the authoring system. This makes the multi-media presentation transaction process highly customizable for the consumer.
  • the pricing model is a subset of the licensing model, which includes E-commerce and property rights management functionality.
  • the pricing model is only responsible for determining pricing information.
  • the pricing model defines the transactional relationship between a vendor's intellectual property resource and the user.
  • Intellectual property resources correspond to content, presentation portals (enhanced player software) and components, authoring system components, wide-ranging content and information types, and any other art regarded to have a value to consumers and passed through the commerce system as a commodity.
  • the pricing model represents a small, self-contained XML grammar that possesses the granularity and flexibility to model a wide array of pricing models.
  • the use of such a compact grammar throughout the system enables rich comparative structural analysis, and provides a tool for highly scalable analysis of consumer demand and pricing, including powerful simulations of pricing models utilizing usage histories.
  • the user benefits by being able to run precise simulations in regards to planned usage, in addition to having complete, expressive, dynamic pricing information. This removes practices of duplicity and misleading fine print.
  • An XML grammar for pricing has been established to provide a model that is fine-grained, expressive, and extensible.
  • Each pricing model is expressed and stored in XML format in the enterprise database.
  • vendor information and to a lesser extent, user information are decoupled from the pricing model proper.
  • the pricing model database information contains a foreign key to the vendor information, and on the user side, the intellectual property resource in question communicates the user information along with the pricing model information.
  • billing attributes corresponding to five different, non- mutually-exclusive billing methods:
  • Every use of the resource incurs a fixed charge metered use cost: a billing rate is applied to the time period with which a user utilizes the given resource
  • model's pricing terms could be made to scale to the user's demand for the resource as a sort of bulk pricing. This is accomplished by the use of conditional triggers.
  • the available triggers are: instance-based: each instance of use is factored into evaluation of the trigger condition
  • Triggers may also be used to trigger usage-based promotional offers. They act as indicators, so that if a particular use of a trigger is not indicated in the modeling grammar, it is still enabled, by forwarding a contextual response to the vendor's system.
  • the XML grammar is described below.
  • the grammar corresponds to version 1.0 XML syntax.
  • the pricing model itself is at version 1.0, as well.
  • a pricing model is uniquely identified by pricing_model_id, via the value attribute. This corresponds to the primary key of the pricing_models table.
  • the pricing expression node is the fundamental substructure of this XML grammar. It contains the billing cycle, basic pricing, and alternate pricing substructures. Zero or one nodes of billing cycle, basic pricing, and alternate pricing can be present, corresponding to a range of zero, two or three nodes. Zero nodes corresponds to a cost-free model. The presence of basic pricing or alternate pricing, requires billing cycle. The presence of both basic pricing and alternate pricing nodes means that upon a certain condition, alternate pricing will override basic pricing.
  • Billing cycle communicates the billing schedule and facilitates its automation.
  • the billing cycle substructure requires one and only one of the following nodes: instantaneous, monthly, time period, or schedule. Some options may not be compatible with the billing attributes utilized. For instance, instantaneous is not compatible with billing cycle cost or installment cost. Instantaneous would mostly likely be employed with simple flat rate cost. Fixed rate use cost would likely use one of the other three billing cycle options, but instantaneous could be appropriate.
  • Schedule must contain one or more due date nodes. Both schedule and time period only require the use of one of the valid attributes, though any combination of one or more attributes is valid.
  • Basic pricing functionality is expressed entirely by its billing attributes node. The presence of the basic pricing tag necessitates the inclusion of a billing attributes node.
  • Billing attributes consists of fixed rate use cost, metered use cost, billing cycle cost, installment cost, simple flat rate cost, pre-paid fixed rate use cost, and pre-paid billing cycle cost. These elements function independently to provide granular expressiveness. Basic models should require maybe one or two billing attributes, whereas more complex models could utilize more. All five billing attributes have the following two XML attributes in common: currency and value. Currency specifies the particular currency, such as USD. The value is a textual representation of the dollar amount, which should not incorporate monetary symbols for parsing ease, since its inclusion is extraneous given the specification of currency. The inclusion of both the currency flag and the value flag is mandatory. The value field may be left empty, in which case it is interpreted as zero, the currency flag, however, must indicate a valid currency code.
  • Fixed rate use cost specifies per use pricing, and corresponds to the f ixed_rate_use_cost field in the user state information database table. Every time the resource represented by the pricing model is used, the use cost specified is applied to the account. This then represents a minimum charge per access.
  • Metered use cost operates as a function of time, applying a cost per unit of time. It corresponds to the metered_use_cost field in the user state information database table. This cost function can be non-linear, providing pricing scalability in itself.
  • Billing cycle cost applies a cost per billing cycle, enabling a billing-cycle-based recurring charge. It corresponds to a recurring flat rate, represented by the billing_cycle_cost field in the user state information database.
  • Installment cost applies a fixed number of billing cycle charges, and corresponds to the installment_cost field of the user state information database table.
  • Simple flat rate supports one time charges. It is represented by the simple_f lat_rate field of the user state information database table.
  • Alternate pricing is represented by the alternatePricing tag.
  • alternate pricing functions identically to basic pricing. The difference is that alternate pricing can utilize conditional triggers, through its trigger definitions node, whether instance-based, expenditure- based, or meter-based.
  • conditional triggers are evaluated before applying the billing attributes. These triggers can modify the billing attributes to enable price scaling and conditional pricing. If basic pricing and alternate pricing are both present, the triggers for alternate pricing are first evaluated. Once an alternate pricing condition has been triggered, alternate pricing replaces basic pricing. Alternate pricing may contain zero or one trigger definitions nodes. The presence of alternate pricing requires a billing attributes node, but not a trigger definitions node.
  • alternate pricing enables discount declaration. Discounts are similar to alternate pricing, but whereas alternate pricing is forward looking, meaning future usages are billed at new rates, discount declarations look back, retroactively accumulating a discount specified by each trigger. In this event, whereas alternate pricing is modified, discounts are always accumulated into a running refund total. Discounts may be applied to the current billing cycle and the next billing cycle. Discounts allow vendors another method of enticing users to reach usage milestones.
  • the trigger definitions node contains the three types of triggers: instance, expenditure, and metered. Each trigger represents a collection of zero or more trigger entries. Syntactically, these triggers are identical, which each containing the same trigger entry node. Semantically, the difference lies in how the trigger entry node is interpreted.
  • the trigger definitions node may contain a supplemental billing history node, which itself, may contain one or more billing history entry nodes, which may contain a single billing cycle.
  • This node provides the ability to consider alternate billing periods for purposes of evaluating trigger conditions. For instance, though the billing cycle may be monthly, the pricing model may want to consider the larger account history outside of the current billing cycle in regards to discounting or price scaling. The flexibility exists to also examine subsets within the current billing history or a previous non-overlapping period, such as the previous billing cycle.
  • Each trigger type includes a scope attribute.
  • the attribute is optional, and defaults to zero, which corresponds to the current billing cycle.
  • a non-zero value must correspond to the scope ID of a billing history entry, thus linking it to an alternate billing cycle.
  • Multiple trigger types of the same scope are not permitted within a trigger definitions node.
  • Trigger entries provide a step or milestone at which pricing scaling, discounting, revised buyout options, or promotional offers can take place.
  • Billing modification attributes that appear within triggers only replace those of like form, leaving intact any other attributes. To remove an billing attribute, its value should be set to zero. Discounts specified within a trigger are only valid upon activation of the trigger, that is, once per trigger, and are accumulated with any other discount declarations.
  • the trigger entry has the following nodes: condition, billing modification attributes, discount this cycle, discount later cycle, alternate payment, and promotional offer. In each case, the attribute may be present zero or one times.
  • the first node is the key to how the trigger entry is interpreted; it represents the condition on which the trigger is to be evaluated. It accepts a generic value that is interpreted basic on what type of trigger contains the entry.
  • triggerEntry . condition . value corresponds to a monetary value
  • triggerEntry . condition . type indicates currency, such as USD.
  • the triggerEntry . condition . value field represents a temporal duration
  • triggerEntry . condition . type indicates the unit of measure, such as hours or minutes.
  • the condition node represents the criterion for evaluation
  • the rest of trigger entry's nodes are transformation parameters, which specify the result.
  • the first of these nodes is the billing modification attributes node.
  • Billing modification attributes add a twist to billing attributes, in that in addition to specifying a new value, a percentage or value adjustment can be applied to a pre-existing value.
  • Each billing modification attribute such as f ixedRate ⁇ seCost, can contain any one of the following attributes in place of value : reduceByValue, reduceByPercentage, increaseByValue, or increaseByPercentage, or formula.
  • use_count refers to the current billing cycle, and the user is receiving a refund of 10 cents per use during the current cycle, to be realized with the next billing cycle, for having met the requirements of the trigger condition.
  • brackets after sub_total[l] means to use the sub_total from the billing cycle contained within the billing history entry node with a scopelD of one.
  • the billing cycle cost is being lowered by 2 percent of this subtotal unless this value falls below $17.95, in which case it is set to $17.95. Discounts, which have been previously discussed, can be applied to the current cycle or to a later cycle.
  • Trigger entries contain two attributes for specifying discounts: discountThisCycle and discountLaterCycle.
  • DiscountedLaterCycle also contains an additional attribute called, cyclesLater, which specifies the number of billing cycles after the current cycle at which the discount is to be applied.
  • Alternate payment is a special hook enabling buyout options, such as with installment plans.
  • Alternate payment contains a billing modification attributes node, which is used to revise the billing attributes of alternate price, such as reducing the payments to zero.
  • the promotion offer hook enables special offers to be keyed to conditional milestones.
  • Intellectual property resources correspond to content, presentation portals (enhanced player software) and components, authoring system components, wide-ranging content and information types, and any other art regarded to have a value to consumers and passed through the commerce system as a commodity.
  • the pricingjmodels table stores the XML definitions.
  • Pricing model id serves as the primary key, which locates the model during the creation of a pricing model object.
  • the pricing model id is contained in the license, which associates a user to a particular component.
  • a new version of a pricing model necessitates a new pricing model, at which point, the license table can be updated with the new pricing model id, thus, pricing_model entries are not updateable.
  • Vendor id establishes ownership of the model.
  • the XML is stored in the definition field.
  • the XML grammar requires state information to resolve conditional triggers. This information includes the current billing information, as well as supplemental parameters. This table will be frequently updated.
  • the composite key required to uniquely identify a particular actualization of a pricing model requires four keys: user id, resource id, pricing model id, and scope id. Scope id is necessary so that multiple pricing state entries can capture different billing periods for the same model. A scope id of zero corresponds to the current billing cycle. Itemized billing information is represented by the seven cost fields:
  • This breakdown is used to articulate billing information for both the user and the system, as well as being referenced and modified by conditional triggers, or feeding formulas. Additional state context is provided by the remaining fields. This information is utilized by triggers and formulas, as well as providing information to the user.
  • the session information is kept in a separate table, called active_sessions. Session information can be used for usage analysis, load balancing analysis, and security measures.
  • the user id, resource id, and pricing model id form a composite key, though these tables are temporary, being eventually transferred to the sessions table, once the session is completed. Only session start is required for an active session. The end time is recorded in the sessions table. The session start timestamp is identical to the one used for the billing entries table, thus enabling correlation between a session information and the itemized billing information.
  • the billing entries table is identical to the table used for pricing state information, except that the session start and end fields are added.
  • the sessions table is identical to the table used for active sessions, except that the session end field is added.
  • the promotions table contains promotional information stored in XML syntax.
  • the licensing model incorporates pricing, e-commerce, and property rights management. As pricing is accomplished via the pricing model, and e-commerce by conventional means, the gist of the licensing model consists of property rights management. There are two property • rights management modes:
  • More traditional applications which do not demand constant connectivity can employ instance-based resource unlocking. This can be used to unlock selected features of an application on a per-use basis, a leased basis, or unconditionally.
  • the pricing model section details the available options and methods.
  • Inoperative delivery supports continuous and intermittent property rights management.
  • the entire range of intellectual property resources are supported by this method, from program to data.
  • This approach entails an alternative approach to what is generally meant by software crippling, in which case, some of the features or capabilities of an application are disabled in deference to a full version.
  • This approach consists of feature- and capability-based unlocking.
  • Inoperative delivery necessitates that the intellectual property resource is not functional as is, and requires dynamic intervention to enable it. The following are aspects of this method:
  • the executable image is no longer static itself. As it executes code, it modifies its own image. This allows an image to always remain largely invalidated.
  • the relocation of code within the executable itself can be keyed on by code fixing procedures. During this process, it utilizes hollow areas of the installed executable image.
  • the session pulse functions as a watch dog timer, monitoring the state of the connection and providing synchronization for ongoing security transmissions. It is the central mechanism for the Applications Service Provider model, and is not compatible with the instanced based method.
  • the size of the install image exceeds the size requirements of the executable code, creating areas for copy protection purposes and offline data acquisition.
  • An instance of a license corresponds to a composite key of user id and resource id. Within this license, is specified the pricing model, as well as property rights management fields and authentication context.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de création d'un contenu consistant à acquérir et à annoter une ressource d'un contenu (20), à composer au moins une scène et à élaborer des informations pour le destinataire (30), et à exporter le contenu (40).
PCT/US2002/026318 2001-08-17 2002-08-15 Systemes et procedes de creation d'un contenu WO2003017119A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/932,346 US6744729B2 (en) 2001-08-17 2001-08-17 Intelligent fabric
US09/932,217 US20030043191A1 (en) 2001-08-17 2001-08-17 Systems and methods for displaying a graphical user interface
US09/932,344 US20040205648A1 (en) 2001-08-17 2001-08-17 Systems and methods for authoring content
US09/932,346 2001-08-17
US09/932,217 2001-08-17
US09/932,345 US20030041159A1 (en) 2001-08-17 2001-08-17 Systems and method for presenting customizable multimedia presentations
US09/932,345 2001-08-17
US09/932,344 2001-08-17

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PCT/US2002/026318 WO2003017119A1 (fr) 2001-08-17 2002-08-15 Systemes et procedes de creation d'un contenu
PCT/US2002/026250 WO2003017122A1 (fr) 2001-08-17 2002-08-15 Systemes et procedes de presentation de contenu multimedia personnalisable
PCT/US2002/026252 WO2003017082A1 (fr) 2001-08-17 2002-08-15 Systeme et procede de traitement de fichier media dans une interface graphique utilisateur

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WO2003017059A3 (fr) 2003-10-30
JP2005500769A (ja) 2005-01-06
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AU2002324732A1 (en) 2003-03-03
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