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WO2003031797A1 - Nozzle device - Google Patents

Nozzle device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003031797A1
WO2003031797A1 PCT/DE2002/003728 DE0203728W WO03031797A1 WO 2003031797 A1 WO2003031797 A1 WO 2003031797A1 DE 0203728 W DE0203728 W DE 0203728W WO 03031797 A1 WO03031797 A1 WO 03031797A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nozzle
chamber
spring
nozzle device
control piston
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2002/003728
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Martin Neumaier
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2003031797A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003031797A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a nozzle device with a housing, a nozzle arrangement located in the housing, which can be acted upon from a nozzle chamber arranged in the housing, and a nozzle needle which is arranged along an axis between a first position and a second position by means of an along the axis is displaceable, which projects into the nozzle chamber, wherein it closes the nozzle arrangement in the first position and releases it in the second position, and is biased by a spring in a direction pointing from the second to the first position.
  • Such a nozzle device which is intended for use in a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, is apparent from DE 199 38 999 AI. With regard to the relevant technological background, reference is made to this document in its entirety.
  • the nozzle needle which determines a desired injection process by its movement from the first to the second position, during operation, i.e. while the nozzle device is pressurized with fluid under high pressure, except by the control piston by an additional spring along it Axis biased in one direction from the second to the first position. If the pressure of the fluid in the nozzle device from any for a reason, the pre-tensioning of the nozzle needle given by the control piston is reduced. A certain pre-tensioning of the nozzle needle is always necessary, even if the pressure inside the nozzle device is relatively low.
  • the nozzle needle must be prevented from moving away from the first position due to a negative pressure difference between the nozzle chamber and the internal combustion engine to which the nozzle device is connected due to a pressure drop in the nozzle device. If this was not done, hot gas from the internal combustion engine could penetrate into the nozzle chamber and oxidize the fluid present there, namely the fuel for the internal combustion engine, or attack components of the nozzle device.
  • the invention is based on the task of a different arrangement for the spring in the nozzle device find to avoid the disadvantage described.
  • a nozzle device is specified with a housing, a nozzle arrangement located in the housing, which can be acted upon from a nozzle chamber arranged in the housing, and a nozzle needle, which is arranged along an axis between a first position and a second position by means of a Control piston displaceable along the axis and protrudes into the nozzle chamber, wherein it closes the nozzle arrangement in the first position and releases it in the second position, and is biased by a spring in a direction pointing from the second to the first position, the spring according to the invention preloads the nozzle needle against the control piston.
  • the known bias of the nozzle needle against the housing is replaced by a bias of the nozzle needle against the control piston.
  • control piston is always in frictional engagement with the nozzle needle.
  • the pre-tensioned spring counteracts this adhesion, but this is completely compensated for by a suitable geometric design of the control piston and the nozzle needle.
  • the influence of the spring on the regular function of the nozzle device is thus eliminated. Only in the case in which the pressure applied to the nozzle device is no longer sufficient to maintain the frictional connection between the control piston and the nozzle needle, does the control piston and the nozzle needle move due to an effect of
  • the control piston can only correspond to the second position of the nozzle needle the position are pushed away, but the spring, provided there is sufficient preload, continues to exert a force on the nozzle needle. This force is sufficient to keep the nozzle needle in the first position and thus the nozzle arrangement more closed.
  • a preferred embodiment of the nozzle device consists in the control piston projecting into a control chamber which can be acted upon by a pressurized fluid from a high-pressure reservoir with the nozzle chamber, the control piston and the nozzle needle being set up in such a way that the control piston pushes the nozzle needle into pushes the first position. It is further preferred that there is a throttle between the control chamber and the high-pressure reservoir, and that a controllable valve is connected to the control chamber, which can be used to relieve the pressure in the control chamber, through which the nozzle needle reaches the second position.
  • this configuration enables the use of the nozzle device in a fuel injection device of an internal combustion engine, since in its intended operation it is functionally identical to the nozzle device known from the document cited at the beginning.
  • the nozzle device according to the two configurations described above is particularly advantageously connected to the high-pressure reservoir with another nozzle device. This opens up the function of the "common rail" known from automotive technology for the reservoir.
  • the spring in the nozzle device is preferably one
  • the nozzle device is also preferably used in a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, in particular a fuel injection according to the “common rail” principle for a diesel engine with several working units.
  • a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine in particular a fuel injection according to the “common rail” principle for a diesel engine with several working units.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a fuel injection device.
  • Figure 2 shows the area of the nozzle device, in which the spring is arranged, in section.
  • the nozzle device comprises a housing 1 with a nozzle arrangement 2 located therein. This can be acted upon from a nozzle chamber 3 arranged in the housing 1 and is closed by a nozzle needle 4 when it is in a first position (as shown) and released, if it is in a second position to the left of the first position.
  • the movement of the nozzle needle 4 takes place along an axis 5, which is also an axis of symmetry of the housing 1 and the nozzle needle 4.
  • the nozzle needle 4 is controlled by one
  • Control piston 6 In normal operation, the nozzle needle 4 and the control piston 6 are in the immediate frictional connection, which is conveyed in the exemplary embodiment via a plunger 15, which is firmly connected to one of the two components of the nozzle needle 4 and control piston 6 and the other component only touched. If the nozzle device is pressurized with a fluid under high pressure, then in the static case prevail in the nozzle chamber 3 and in the control chamber 8, which is arranged behind the nozzle chamber 3 with respect to the axis 5 and whose housing is rigidly and non-positively connected to the housing 1 , as indicated by dashed lines, identical pressure conditions.
  • the control piston 6 has a larger end face perpendicular to the axis 5 than the nozzle needle 4, and therefore the arrangement comprising the control piston 6 and the nozzle needle 4 is pressed to the right due to the corresponding force difference. In this way, the nozzle needle 4 reaches its first position and accordingly closes chend the nozzle assembly 2. If the pressure in the control chamber 8 and the nozzle chamber 3 drops below a certain threshold, then the force difference is no longer sufficient to push the control piston 6 to the right and to hold the nozzle needle 4 in the first position. Then the spring 7, which prestresses the nozzle needle 4 against the control piston 6, presses the control piston 6 to the left until it hits a stop 16, by means of which a second position of the nozzle needle 4 is intended for regular operation.
  • the prestressed spring 7 continues to exert a force on the nozzle needle 4 and holds it securely in its first position. With the pressure of the nozzle device dropping overall, it is avoided that the nozzle needle 4 is moved away from the first position and gases from the internal combustion engine 14, to which the nozzle device is connected, reach the nozzle device 2 through the nozzle arrangement 2.
  • the nozzle chamber 3 and the control chamber 8 are connected to a high-pressure reservoir 9 for the fluid which is under high pressure and is to be injected into the internal combustion engine 14 and are supplied from there with it.
  • a throttle 10 between the reservoir 9 and the control chamber 8.
  • the control chamber 8 is depressurized via a controllable valve 11, with part of the fluid flowing back from the control chamber 8 to the low-pressure reservoir 17. This reduces the force on the control piston 6, whereupon the latter moves to the left until it hits the stop 16.
  • the nozzle needle 4, on which the unchanged pressure of the high-pressure reservoir 9 still acts, follows the movement of the control piston 6 and thus reaches its second position, where it releases the nozzle arrangement 2 and causes the fluid to be injected into the internal combustion engine 14.
  • the injection process is ended by the controllable valve 11 being closed again, whereupon the original pressure is restored via the throttle 10 in the control chamber 8.
  • the nozzle device is connected with a further nozzle device 12 to one and the same high-pressure reservoir 9, with which it takes over the function of the known “common rail”.
  • the high-pressure reservoir 9 is supplied with fluid under high pressure via a pump 18; the pump 18 removes this Fluid to the low-pressure reservoir 17, which is under normal pressure. Both nozzle devices are controlled by the electronic control unit 19.
  • the nozzle device is also characterized by high operational reliability and uncomplicated manufacture; in particular, it is not necessary to ensure that all the springs installed are functionally the same as part of series production, because the operational parameters of these springs are not included in the regular operation of the nozzle devices.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The nozzle device has a housing (1) and a nozzle arrangement (2), which is located inside the housing (1) and which can be subjected to the action of a nozzle chamber (3) located inside the housing (1). The nozzle device also has a nozzle needle (4), which can be displaced along an axis (5) extending between a first position and a second position by means of a control plunger (6) that can be displaced along said axis (5), and which projects inside the nozzle chamber (3). In the first position, the nozzle needle closes the nozzle arrangement (2), opens it when in the second position, and is pretensioned by a spring (7) in a direction pointing from the second to the first position. The spring (7) pretensions the nozzle needle against the control plunger. The inventive nozzle device is preferably for use in a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Düseneinrichtungnozzle device
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Düseneinrichtung mit einem Gehäuse, einer in dem Gehäuse befindlichen Düsenanordnung, welche aus einer in dem Gehäuse angeordneten Düsenkammer beaufschlagbar ist, sowie einer Düsennadel, welche entlang einer Achse zwischen einer ersten Position und einer zweiten Posi- tion mittels eines entlang der Achse verschiebbaren Steuerkolbens verschiebbar ist, welche in die Düsenkammer hineinragt, wobei sie die Düsenanordnung in der ersten Position verschließt und in der zweiten Position freigibt, und durch eine Feder in einer von der zweiten zur ersten Position wei- senden Richtung vorgespannt ist.The invention relates to a nozzle device with a housing, a nozzle arrangement located in the housing, which can be acted upon from a nozzle chamber arranged in the housing, and a nozzle needle which is arranged along an axis between a first position and a second position by means of an along the axis is displaceable, which projects into the nozzle chamber, wherein it closes the nozzle arrangement in the first position and releases it in the second position, and is biased by a spring in a direction pointing from the second to the first position.
Eine solche Düseneinrichtung, welche bestimmt ist zur Anwendung in einer Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor, geht hervor aus der DE 199 38 999 AI. Im Hinblick auf den vorliegend relevanten technologischen Hintergrund wird auf dieses Dokument in seiner Gesamtheit Bezug genommen .Such a nozzle device, which is intended for use in a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, is apparent from DE 199 38 999 AI. With regard to the relevant technological background, reference is made to this document in its entirety.
Der vorliegend relevante technologische Hintergrund ist in den folgenden Dokumenten dargestellt: US-Patente 5 857 662,The relevant technological background is presented in the following documents: US Pat. Nos. 5,857,662,
5 875 632, 5 806 766, 6 194 812, 5 779 149, 6 066 912,5 875 632, 5 806 766, 6 194 812, 5 779 149, 6 066 912,
6 148 842, 6 186 474, 6 168 132, 6 062 533, 6 145 492, 6 119 952.6 148 842, 6 186 474, 6 168 132, 6 062 533, 6 145 492, 6 119 952.
In der bekannten Düseneinrichtung ist die Düsennadel, welche durch ihre Bewegung von der ersten zur zweiten Position einen gewünschten Einspritzvorgang bestimmt, während des Betriebs, also während die Düseneinrichtung mit unter hohem Druck stehendem Fluid beaufschlagt ist, außer durch den Steuerkolben durch eine zusätzliche Feder entlang ihrer Achse in einer Richtung von der zweiten zur ersten Position vorgespannt. Wenn der Druck des Fluides in der Düseneinrichtung aus irgend einem Grund stark abfällt, so reduziert sich die über den Steuerkolben gegebene Vorspannung der Düsennadel . Eine gewisse Vorspannung der Düsennadel ist aber immer erforderlich, auch dann, wenn der Druck innerhalb der Düseneinrichtung re- lativ gering ist. Außerhalb eines gewünschten Einspritzvorganges muss nämlich ein Wegbewegen der Düsennadel von der ersten Position aufgrund einer wegen eines Druckabfalls in der Düseneinrichtung negativen Druckdifferenz zwischen der Düsenkammer und dem Verbrennungsmotor, an welchen die Düsen- einrichtung angeschlossen ist, verhindert werden. Erfolgte dieses nicht, so könnte heißes Gas aus dem Verbrennungsmotor in die Düsenkammer eindringen und das dort vorhandene Fluid, nämlich den Kraftstoff für den Verbrennungsmotor, oxidieren oder Bestandteile der Düseneinrichtung angreifen.In the known nozzle device, the nozzle needle, which determines a desired injection process by its movement from the first to the second position, during operation, i.e. while the nozzle device is pressurized with fluid under high pressure, except by the control piston by an additional spring along it Axis biased in one direction from the second to the first position. If the pressure of the fluid in the nozzle device from any for a reason, the pre-tensioning of the nozzle needle given by the control piston is reduced. A certain pre-tensioning of the nozzle needle is always necessary, even if the pressure inside the nozzle device is relatively low. Outside of a desired injection process, the nozzle needle must be prevented from moving away from the first position due to a negative pressure difference between the nozzle chamber and the internal combustion engine to which the nozzle device is connected due to a pressure drop in the nozzle device. If this was not done, hot gas from the internal combustion engine could penetrate into the nozzle chamber and oxidize the fluid present there, namely the fuel for the internal combustion engine, or attack components of the nozzle device.
Bei der bekannten Düseneinrichtung erfolgt die Abstützung der Feder an dem Gehäuse. Damit wird Sicherheit gegen eine unerwünschte Bewegung der Düsennadel zwar erreicht, jedoch muss im Falle eines erwünschten Einspritzvorganges eine Druckent- lastung der Düsennadel erreicht werden, welche über die von der Feder auf diese ausgeübte Kraft hinausgeht und somit erst ausreichend ist, um die Düsennadel von der ersten Position weg zu bewegen. Dazu wirksam wird die Differenz zwischen der über den Steuerkolben bewirkten Druckentlastung und der von der Feder auf die Düsennadel ausgeübten Kraft. Dies hat für eine Serienfertigung solcher Düseneinrichtung einen erheblichen Nachteil: Um zwischen allen Düseneinrichtungen einer Serie funktioneile Gleichheit zu gewährleisten, muss in jeder Düseneinrichtung die von der Feder auf die Düsennadel ausge- übte Kraft einem für die Serie fest vorgegebenen Wert entsprechen. Dies erfordert eine Möglichkeit zur sorgfältigen und individuellen Einstellung der Vorspannung jeder Feder und bedeutet für die Herstellung in Serie einen zusätzlichen Einstellungsaufwand.In the known nozzle device, the spring is supported on the housing. Safety against undesired movement of the nozzle needle is thus achieved, but in the case of a desired injection process, pressure relief of the nozzle needle must be achieved which exceeds the force exerted by the spring on it and is therefore only sufficient to detach the nozzle needle from the first position to move away. The difference between the pressure relief caused by the control piston and the force exerted by the spring on the nozzle needle takes effect. This has a considerable disadvantage for series production of such a nozzle device: in order to ensure functional equality between all nozzle devices in a series, the force exerted by the spring on the nozzle needle in each nozzle device must correspond to a value which is fixed for the series. This requires a possibility for the careful and individual adjustment of the prestressing of each spring and means an additional adjustment effort for the production in series.
Dementsprechend geht die Erfindung von der Aufgabe aus, eine andere Anordnung für die Feder in der Düseneinrichtung zu finden, um den geschilderten Nachteil zu vermeiden. Insbesondere ist es erwünscht, von dem geschilderten Aufwand zu Gewährleistung der Funktionsgleichheit vieler in einer Serie gefertigter Düseneinrichtungen absehen zu können.Accordingly, the invention is based on the task of a different arrangement for the spring in the nozzle device find to avoid the disadvantage described. In particular, it is desirable to be able to dispense with the outlined outlay to ensure the functional equality of many nozzle devices produced in a series.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe angegeben wird eine Düseneinrichtung mit einem Gehäuse, einer in dem Gehäuse befindlichen Düsenanordnung, welche aus einer in dem Gehäuse angeordneten Düsenkammer beaufschlagbar ist, sowie einer Düsennadel, wel- ehe entlang einer Achse zwischen einer ersten Position und einer zweiten Position mittels eines entlang der Achse verschiebbaren Steuerkolbens verschiebbar ist und in die Düsenkammer hineinragt, wobei sie die Düsenanordnung in der ersten Position verschließt und in der zweiten Position freigibt, und durch eine Feder in einer von der zweiten zur ersten Position weisenden Richtung vorgespannt ist, wobei erfindungsgemäß die Feder die Düsennadel gegen den Steuerkolben vorspannt .To achieve this object, a nozzle device is specified with a housing, a nozzle arrangement located in the housing, which can be acted upon from a nozzle chamber arranged in the housing, and a nozzle needle, which is arranged along an axis between a first position and a second position by means of a Control piston displaceable along the axis and protrudes into the nozzle chamber, wherein it closes the nozzle arrangement in the first position and releases it in the second position, and is biased by a spring in a direction pointing from the second to the first position, the spring according to the invention preloads the nozzle needle against the control piston.
Erfindungsgemäß wird demnach die bekannte Vorspannung der Düsennadel gegen das Gehäuse ersetzt durch eine Vorspannung der Düsennadel gegen den Steuerkolben.According to the invention, the known bias of the nozzle needle against the housing is replaced by a bias of the nozzle needle against the control piston.
Für den bestimmungsgemäßen Betrieb der Düseneinrichtung hat dies einen wesentlichen Vorteil. Dabei befindet sich stets der Steuerkolben im Kraftschluss mit der Düsennadel. Diesem Kraftschluss wirkt zwar die vorgespannte Feder entgegen, durch geeignete geometrische Ausbildung des Steuerkolbens und der Düsennadel wird dies aber vollständig ausgeglichen. Der Einfluss der Feder auf die reguläre Funktion der Düseneinrichtung ist damit aufgehoben. Lediglich in dem Fall, in dem der Druck, mit welchem die Düseneinrichtung beaufschlagt ist, nicht mehr ausreicht zur Beibehaltung des Kraftschlusses zwischen dem Steuerkolben und der Düsennadel, bewegen sich der Steuerkolben und die Düsennadel aufgrund einer Wirkung derThis has a significant advantage for the intended operation of the nozzle device. The control piston is always in frictional engagement with the nozzle needle. The pre-tensioned spring counteracts this adhesion, but this is completely compensated for by a suitable geometric design of the control piston and the nozzle needle. The influence of the spring on the regular function of the nozzle device is thus eliminated. Only in the case in which the pressure applied to the nozzle device is no longer sufficient to maintain the frictional connection between the control piston and the nozzle needle, does the control piston and the nozzle needle move due to an effect of
Feder voneinander weg. Dabei kann der Steuerkolben aber nur bis zu einer der zweiten Position der Düsennadel entsprechen- den Position weggedrückt werden, wobei die Feder aber, eine hinreichende Vorspannung vorausgesetzt, weiterhin eine Kraft auf die Düsennadel ausübt. Diese Kraft genügt, um die Düsennadel in der ersten Position und damit die Düsenanordnung si- eher verschlossen zu halten.Spring away from each other. The control piston can only correspond to the second position of the nozzle needle the position are pushed away, but the spring, provided there is sufficient preload, continues to exert a force on the nozzle needle. This force is sufficient to keep the nozzle needle in the first position and thus the nozzle arrangement more closed.
Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Düseneinrichtung besteht darin, dass der Steuerkolben in eine Steuerkammer ragt, welche mit der Düsenkammer aus einem Hochdruckreservoir mit ei- nem unter Druck stehenden Fluid beaufschlagbar ist, wobei der Steuerkolben und die Düsennadel so eingerichtet sind, dass der Steuerkolben die Düsennadel in die erste Position schiebt. Dabei ist es weiterhin bevorzugt, dass sich zwischen der Steuerkammer und dem Hochdruckreservoir eine Drossel be- findet, und dass ein steuerbares Ventil an die Steuerkammer angeschlossen ist, mit welchem eine Druckentlastung der Steuerkammer bewirkbar ist, durch welche die Düsennadel in die zweite Position gelangt. Insbesondere diese Ausgestaltung ermöglicht den Einsatz der Düseneinrichtung in einer Kraft- stoffeinspritzeinrichtung eines Verbrennungsmotors, da sie im bestimmungsgemäßen Betrieb funktionsgleich mit der aus dem eingangs zitierten Dokument bekannten Düseneinrichtung ist.A preferred embodiment of the nozzle device consists in the control piston projecting into a control chamber which can be acted upon by a pressurized fluid from a high-pressure reservoir with the nozzle chamber, the control piston and the nozzle needle being set up in such a way that the control piston pushes the nozzle needle into pushes the first position. It is further preferred that there is a throttle between the control chamber and the high-pressure reservoir, and that a controllable valve is connected to the control chamber, which can be used to relieve the pressure in the control chamber, through which the nozzle needle reaches the second position. In particular, this configuration enables the use of the nozzle device in a fuel injection device of an internal combustion engine, since in its intended operation it is functionally identical to the nozzle device known from the document cited at the beginning.
Mit besonderem Vorteil ist die Düseneinrichtung gemäß den beiden vorstehend beschriebenen Ausgestaltungen mit einer anderen Düseneinrichtung an das Hochdruckreservoir angeschlossen. Damit wird für das Reservoir die Funktion des aus der Automobiltechnik bekannten „Common Rail" erschlossen.The nozzle device according to the two configurations described above is particularly advantageously connected to the high-pressure reservoir with another nozzle device. This opens up the function of the "common rail" known from automotive technology for the reservoir.
Die Feder in der Düseneinrichtung ist vorzugsweise eineThe spring in the nozzle device is preferably one
Schraubenfeder .Coil spring.
Die Düseneinrichtung kommt weiterhin vorzugsweise zum Einsatz in einer Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für einen Verbren- nungsmotor, insbesondere einer Kraftstoffeinspritzung nach dem „Common Rail "-Prinzip für einen Dieselmotor mit mehreren Arbeitseinheiten . Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung geht aus den Zeichnungen hervor .The nozzle device is also preferably used in a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, in particular a fuel injection according to the “common rail” principle for a diesel engine with several working units. An embodiment of the invention is apparent from the drawings.
Figur 1 zeigt eine schematisierte Darstellung einer Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung . Figur 2 zeigt den Bereich der Düseneinrichtung, in dem die Feder angeordnet ist, im Schnitt.Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a fuel injection device. Figure 2 shows the area of the nozzle device, in which the spring is arranged, in section.
Zunächst wird besonders verwiesen auf die Düseneinrichtung, die im obersten Teil der Figur erkennbar ist. Die Düseneinrichtung umfasst ein Gehäuse 1 mit einer darin befindlichen Düsenanordnung 2. Diese ist aus einer in dem Gehäuse 1 angeordneten Düsenkammer 3 beaufschlagbar und wird von einer Dü- sennadel 4 verschlossen, wenn diese sich (wie dargestellt) in einer ersten Position befindet und freigegeben, wenn diese sich in einer zweiten Position links von der ersten Position befindet. Die Bewegung der Düsennadel 4 erfolgt entlang einer Achse 5, die auch eine Symmetrieachse des Gehäuses 1 und der Düsennadel 4 ist. Gesteuert wird die Düsennadel 4 von einemFirst of all, special reference is made to the nozzle device which can be seen in the uppermost part of the figure. The nozzle device comprises a housing 1 with a nozzle arrangement 2 located therein. This can be acted upon from a nozzle chamber 3 arranged in the housing 1 and is closed by a nozzle needle 4 when it is in a first position (as shown) and released, if it is in a second position to the left of the first position. The movement of the nozzle needle 4 takes place along an axis 5, which is also an axis of symmetry of the housing 1 and the nozzle needle 4. The nozzle needle 4 is controlled by one
Steuerkolben 6. Im regulären Betrieb befinden sich die Düsennadel 4 und der Steuerkolben 6 im unmittelbaren Kraftschluss, welcher im Ausführungsbeispiel vermittelt wird über einen Stempel 15, welcher mit einer der beiden Komponenten Düsenna- del 4 und Steuerkolben 6 fest verbunden ist und die andere Komponente nur berührt. Wird die Düseneinrichtung mit einem unter hohem Druck stehenden Fluid beaufschlagt, so herrschen im statischen Fall in der Düsenkammer 3 und in der Steuerkammer 8, welche bezüglich der Achse 5 hinter der Düsenkammer 3 angeordnet ist und deren Gehäuse starr und kraftschlüssig mit dem Gehäuse 1 verbunden ist, wie durch gestrichelte Linien angedeutet, identische Druckverhältnisse. Der Steuerkolben 6 hat senkrecht zur Achse 5 eine größere Stirnfläche als die Düsennadel 4, und deshalb wird die Anordnung umfassend den Steuerkolben 6 und die Düsennadel 4 aufgrund der entsprechenden Kraftdifferenz nach rechts gedrückt. So gelangt die Düsennadel 4 in ihre erste Position und verschließt dementspre- chend die Düsenanordnung 2. Wenn der Druck in der Steuerkammer 8 und der Düsenkammer 3 unter eine gewisse Schwelle absinkt, dann reicht die Kraftdifferenz nicht mehr aus, den Steuerkolben 6 nach rechts zu drücken und die Düsennadel 4 in der ersten Position festzuhalten. Dann drückt die Feder 7, die die Düsennadel 4 gegen den Steuerkolben 6 vorspannt, den Steuerkolben 6 nach links, bis er an einen Anschlag 16 stößt, durch welchen für den regulären Betrieb eine zweite Position der Düsennadel 4 bestimmt ist. Die vorgespannte Feder 7 übt weiterhin eine Kraft auf die Düsennadel 4 aus und hält diese in ihrer ersten Position sicher fest. Bei insgesamt abfallendem Druck der Düseneinrichtung ist damit vermieden, dass die Düsennadel 4 aus der ersten Position wegbewegt wird, und Gase aus dem Verbrennungsmotor 14, an welchen die Düseneinrichtung angeschlossen ist, durch die Düsenanordnung 2 in die Düseneinrichtung gelangen.Control piston 6. In normal operation, the nozzle needle 4 and the control piston 6 are in the immediate frictional connection, which is conveyed in the exemplary embodiment via a plunger 15, which is firmly connected to one of the two components of the nozzle needle 4 and control piston 6 and the other component only touched. If the nozzle device is pressurized with a fluid under high pressure, then in the static case prevail in the nozzle chamber 3 and in the control chamber 8, which is arranged behind the nozzle chamber 3 with respect to the axis 5 and whose housing is rigidly and non-positively connected to the housing 1 , as indicated by dashed lines, identical pressure conditions. The control piston 6 has a larger end face perpendicular to the axis 5 than the nozzle needle 4, and therefore the arrangement comprising the control piston 6 and the nozzle needle 4 is pressed to the right due to the corresponding force difference. In this way, the nozzle needle 4 reaches its first position and accordingly closes chend the nozzle assembly 2. If the pressure in the control chamber 8 and the nozzle chamber 3 drops below a certain threshold, then the force difference is no longer sufficient to push the control piston 6 to the right and to hold the nozzle needle 4 in the first position. Then the spring 7, which prestresses the nozzle needle 4 against the control piston 6, presses the control piston 6 to the left until it hits a stop 16, by means of which a second position of the nozzle needle 4 is intended for regular operation. The prestressed spring 7 continues to exert a force on the nozzle needle 4 and holds it securely in its first position. With the pressure of the nozzle device dropping overall, it is avoided that the nozzle needle 4 is moved away from the first position and gases from the internal combustion engine 14, to which the nozzle device is connected, reach the nozzle device 2 through the nozzle arrangement 2.
Die Düsenkammer 3 und die Steuerkammer 8 sind an ein Hochdruckreservoir 9 für das unter hohem Druck befindliche und in den Verbrennungsmotor 14 einzuspritzende Fluid angeschlossen und werden von dort aus mit diesem versorgt. Dabei befindet sich zwischen dem Reservoir 9 und der Steuerkammer 8 eine Drossel 10. Um einen Einspritzvorgang auszulösen, wird die Steuerkammer 8 über ein steuerbares Ventil 11 druckentlastet, wobei ein Teil des Fluides aus der Steuerkammer 8 zu dem Niederdruckreservoir 17 zurückfließt. Dadurch reduziert sich die Kraft auf den Steuerkolben 6, worauf dieser sich nach links bewegt, bis er an den Anschlag 16 stößt. Die Düsennadel 4, auf welche immer noch der unveränderte Druck des Hochdruckre- servoirs 9 wirkt, folgt der Bewegung des Steuerkolbens 6 und gelangt somit in ihre zweite Position, wo sie die Düsenanordnung 2 freigibt und das Einspritzen des Fluides in den Verbrennungsmotor 14 bewirkt. Der Einspritzvorgang wird beendet, indem das steuerbare Ventil 11 wieder geschlossen wird, worauf über die Drossel 10 in der Steuerkammer 8 der ursprüngliche Druck wieder hergestellt wird. Die Düseneinrichtung ist mit einer weiteren Düseneinrichtung 12 an ein- und dasselbe Hochdruckreservoir 9 angeschlossen, womit dieses die Funktion des bekannten „Common Rail" übernimmt. Über eine Pumpe 18 wird das Hochdruckreservoir 9 mit unter hohem Druck stehendem Fluid versorgt; die Pumpe 18 entnimmt dieses Fluid dem unter Normaldruck stehenden Niederdruckreservoir 17. Die Steuerung beider Düseneinrichtungen erfolgt über das elektronische Steuergerät 19.The nozzle chamber 3 and the control chamber 8 are connected to a high-pressure reservoir 9 for the fluid which is under high pressure and is to be injected into the internal combustion engine 14 and are supplied from there with it. There is a throttle 10 between the reservoir 9 and the control chamber 8. In order to trigger an injection process, the control chamber 8 is depressurized via a controllable valve 11, with part of the fluid flowing back from the control chamber 8 to the low-pressure reservoir 17. This reduces the force on the control piston 6, whereupon the latter moves to the left until it hits the stop 16. The nozzle needle 4, on which the unchanged pressure of the high-pressure reservoir 9 still acts, follows the movement of the control piston 6 and thus reaches its second position, where it releases the nozzle arrangement 2 and causes the fluid to be injected into the internal combustion engine 14. The injection process is ended by the controllable valve 11 being closed again, whereupon the original pressure is restored via the throttle 10 in the control chamber 8. The nozzle device is connected with a further nozzle device 12 to one and the same high-pressure reservoir 9, with which it takes over the function of the known “common rail”. The high-pressure reservoir 9 is supplied with fluid under high pressure via a pump 18; the pump 18 removes this Fluid to the low-pressure reservoir 17, which is under normal pressure. Both nozzle devices are controlled by the electronic control unit 19.
Die Düseneinrichtung zeichnet sich auch durch hohe Betriebssicherheit und unkomplizierte Herstellbarkeit; insbesondere ist es nicht erforderlich, im Rahmen einer Serienproduktion sicherzustellen, dass alle verbauten Federn funktioneil gleich sind, denn die betrieblichen Parameter dieser Federn gehen in den regulären Betrieb der Düseneinrichtungen nicht ein. The nozzle device is also characterized by high operational reliability and uncomplicated manufacture; in particular, it is not necessary to ensure that all the springs installed are functionally the same as part of series production, because the operational parameters of these springs are not included in the regular operation of the nozzle devices.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Düseneinrichtung mit einem Gehäuse (1), einer in dem Gehäuse (1) befindlichen Düsenanordnung (2), welche aus einer in dem Gehäuse (1) angeordneten Düsenkammer (3) beaufschlagbar ist, sowie einer Düsennadel (4) , welche entlang einer Achse (5) zwischen einer ersten Position und einer zweiten Position mittels eines entlang der Achse (5) verschiebbaren Ξteuerkolbens (6) verschiebbar ist und in die Düsenkammer (3) hineinragt, wobei sie die Düsenanordnung (2) in der ersten Position verschließt und in der zweiten Position freigibt, und durch eine Feder (7) in einer von der zweiten zur ersten Position weisenden Richtung vorgespannt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Feder (7) die Düsennadel (4) gegen den Steuerkolben (6) vorspannt.1. Nozzle device with a housing (1), a nozzle arrangement (2) located in the housing (1) which can be acted upon from a nozzle chamber (3) arranged in the housing (1), and a nozzle needle (4) which runs along a Axis (5) is displaceable between a first position and a second position by means of a control piston (6) which can be displaced along the axis (5) and projects into the nozzle chamber (3), closing the nozzle arrangement (2) in the first position and in the second position, and is biased by a spring (7) in a direction pointing from the second to the first position, characterized in that the spring (7) biases the nozzle needle (4) against the control piston (6).
2. Düseneinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei der Steuerkolben (6) in eine Steuerkammer (8) ragt, welche gleichzeitig mit der Dusenkammer (3) aus einem gemeinsamen Hochdruckreservoir (9) mit einem unter Druck stehenden Fluid beaufschlagbar ist, wobei der Steuerkolben (6) und die Düsennadel (4) so eingerichtet sind, dass der Steuerkolben (6) die Düsennadel (4) in die erste Position schiebt.2. Nozzle device according to claim 1, in which the control piston (6) projects into a control chamber (8) which can be acted upon with a pressurized fluid simultaneously with the nozzle chamber (3) from a common high-pressure reservoir (9), the control piston (6 ) and the nozzle needle (4) are set up such that the control piston (6) pushes the nozzle needle (4) into the first position.
3. Düseneinrichtung nach Anspruch 2, bei der sich zwischen der Steuerkammer (8) und dem Hochdruckreservoir (9) eine Drossel (10) befindet, und bei der ein steuerbares Ventil3. Nozzle device according to claim 2, in which there is a throttle (10) between the control chamber (8) and the high-pressure reservoir (9), and in which a controllable valve
(11) an die Steuerkammer (8) angeschlossen ist, mit welchem Ventil (11) eine Druckentlastung der Steuerkammer (8) bewirkbar ist, durch welche die Düsennadel (4) in die zweite Position gelangt.(11) is connected to the control chamber (8), with which valve (11) pressure relief of the control chamber (8) can be effected, through which the nozzle needle (4) moves into the second position.
4. Düseneinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 und 3, welche mit einer anderen Düseneinrichtung (12) an das Hoehdruckreservoir (9) angeschlossen ist. 4. Nozzle device according to one of claims 2 and 3, which is connected to the high pressure reservoir (9) with another nozzle device (12).
5. Düseneinrichtung nach einem der vorigen Ansprüche, bei der die Feder (7) eine Schraubenfeder (7) ist.5. Nozzle device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spring (7) is a coil spring (7).
6. Düseneinrichtung nach einem der vorigen Ansprüche, welche zu einer Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung (13) für einen Verbrennungsmotor (14) gehört. 6. Nozzle device according to one of the preceding claims, which belongs to a fuel injection device (13) for an internal combustion engine (14).
PCT/DE2002/003728 2001-10-05 2002-10-01 Nozzle device WO2003031797A1 (en)

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DE10149286.3 2001-10-05
DE2001149286 DE10149286C2 (en) 2001-10-05 2001-10-05 Nozzle device, in particular for fuel injection

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006050065A1 (en) * 2006-10-24 2008-04-30 Siemens Ag Fluid dosing device for measuring fuel in combustion chamber of cylinder of internal-combustion engine i.e. diesel internal-combustion engine, has nozzle needle coupled with control piston and stopping fluid flow via injection nozzle

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