WO2004078217A1 - 骨の石灰化促進因子 - Google Patents
骨の石灰化促進因子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004078217A1 WO2004078217A1 PCT/JP2004/002748 JP2004002748W WO2004078217A1 WO 2004078217 A1 WO2004078217 A1 WO 2004078217A1 JP 2004002748 W JP2004002748 W JP 2004002748W WO 2004078217 A1 WO2004078217 A1 WO 2004078217A1
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- bone
- dmp1
- calcification
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- gene
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
- A61K35/32—Bones; Osteocytes; Osteoblasts; Tendons; Tenocytes; Teeth; Odontoblasts; Cartilage; Chondrocytes; Synovial membrane
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/1703—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- A61K38/1709—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/02—Stomatological preparations, e.g. drugs for caries, aphtae, periodontitis
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a means for promoting bone mineralization at a desired site in a living body. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for promoting bone mineralization and a factor for promoting mineralization used therein. In particular, it relates to a novel use of DMP1 (Dentin matrix protein 1).
- osteoinduction factor-2 As pharmacologically active agents having osteogenic potential, factors that induce osteoinduction by differentiating osteogenic cells such as rhBMP-2, rhBMP-7, and TGF- ⁇ , bFGF, and PTH are known. However, there are no known substances that accelerate the calcification of the bone matrix and form mature bone that has been calcified earlier.
- the extracellular matrix is mainly a collagen, but also includes a non-collagenous matrix, and most of the non-collagenous matrix is an acidic phosphorylated protein. It has been believed that the collagen fibers function as scaffolds for depositing hydroxypatite crystals, and that acidic phosphorylated proteins are involved in the calcification of extracellular matrix.
- the acidic phosphorylated protein identified by recombinant DNA technology was first AG1 (J. BiolChem 1993; 268: 12624-12630: non-patent document 1) and later changed to DMP1 (J. Histchem Cytochem 1994; 42: 1527-1531: non-patent document 2).
- DMP1 The cDNA clone of DMP1 was identified from a rat tooth cDNA library and has been considered to be specific for dental dentin (J. Histchem Cytochem 1994; 42: 1527-1531: Non-patent document 3) ), Later it was shown that its expression is also present in other calcified tissues. Recently, the present inventor has found that DMP1 gene exists in the genome of birds, which are animal species lacking the ability to form teeth, and that DMP1 is expressed in bone tissue specifically. It was suggested that there is an important role in the organization (J. Mol Evol 2000; 48: 160-166: Non-Patent Document 4).
- the present inventor has found that in bone tissue of birds and mammals, the DMP1 gene is not expressed in osteoblasts that secrete bone matrix, and is not expressed in the bone matrix of calcified bone matrix. It was specifically expressed in the bone cells present in the bone, and the protein was found to be distributed only in the bone matrix surrounding the bone cells (J. Bone Miner Res 2001; 16: 2017-2026: Non-patent document 5) .
- the characteristic aspect of DMP1 is that it has a very high content of acidic amino acid and is highly phosphorylated in the tissue, so it is highly negatively charged in the tissue.
- Non-Patent Document 1 J. BiolChem 1993; 268: 12624-12630
- Non-Patent Document 2 J. Histchem Cytochem 1994; 42: 1527-1531
- Non-patent Document 3 J. Histchem Cytochem 1994; 42: 1527.1531
- Non-Patent Document 4 J. Mol Evol 2000; 48: 160-166
- Non-Patent Document 5 J. Bone Miner Res 2001; 16: 2017-2026
- An object of the present invention is to provide a novel means for promoting bone mineralization, and particularly to find a new use of DMP1.
- DMP1 is highly negative in the organization It is presumed that it binds to calcium and thus promotes calcification of extracellular matrix. To date, several non-collagenous proteins have been identified in calcified tissues, but none have promoted extracellular Malingera mineralization in vivo. In order to obtain possible indications of DMP1 in hard tissue engineering, the characteristics of DMP1 molecules and their possible functions in the calcification process were examined.
- the present inventor has established means for specifically expressing DMP1 in bone tissue, and from examining its function, the production of an appropriate amount of DMP1 does not cause side effects on the living body, and bone density
- the present invention has been completed by finding that it promotes the increase of the calcification and, in turn, bone mineralization.
- the present invention consists of the following.
- a method for promoting bone mineralization wherein the target bone formation site is in a negatively charged state.
- a bone mineralization-promoting factor comprising DMP1 or a DMP1 gene carrying vector used in the method according to any one of 2 to 7 above.
- the calcification-promoting factor according to 8 above which is a derivative of DMP1 or the gene-carrying vector. 1 0.
- a therapeutic agent for bone or dental disease and Z or disorder comprising the calcification promoting factor according to any one of 8 to 10 as an active ingredient.
- a bone or tooth forming agent comprising as an active ingredient the calcification promoting factor according to any one of 8 to 10 above.
- a pharmaceutical composition for bone or teeth comprising as an active ingredient the calcification promoting factor according to any one of 8 to 10 above.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram in which the bone density of the cortical bone on the distal side of the femur of a mouse was measured.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the bone density of cortical bone at the diaphysis of the femur of a mouse. Explanation of symbols
- the horizontal axis in Fig. 1 is slice No. [15 slices were prepared on the distal side from the distal side toward the diaphysis / femur. Normally, calcification starts from the distal side and the degree of calcification (bone density) increases toward the diaphysis / femur.
- the vertical axis indicates bone density (mg / cm3), and Tg2M is 5 times that of DMP1. Forced expression, Tg3H means 30 times forced expression of DMP1, WT means wild type. ⁇ indicates Tg2M, ⁇ indicates Tg3H, and ⁇ indicates wild type. Each value is an average value.
- the horizontal axis in Fig. 2 is each Tg2M, Being Tg3H and WT, the vertical axis represents bone density ( mg / cm 3 ).
- DMP1 is an acidic protein that is an extracellular Matritas protein having 400 to 550 amino acids.
- the amino acid sequence and gene sequence are disclosed by Toyozawa et al. (J Mol Evol 1999; 48: 160-166, Gene 1999; 234: 307-314, J Mol Evol 2000; 50: 31-38, etc.) .
- the DMP1 gene is a known gene, and the sequence of DMP1 has been reported from 10 animals including humans. From a comparison of amino acid sequences, it is known that all species of DMP1 begin with a hydrophobic leader sequence containing 16-21 amino acids.
- the cell-adhesive peptide RGD motif is not specific to the DMP1 molecule, but has been found to be present in many other acidic phosphoproteins, such as osteobontin, bone shaloprotein, and dentin sialylphosphoprotein .
- the Ai'g-Gly-Asp sequence is strictly conserved with the mammalian DMP1 sequence and may have its important biological functions.
- DMP1 contains a very large number of amino acids showing acidity, and many motif sequences including Sei 'are phosphorylated, so it is judged to be highly negatively charged in tissues. This suggests that DMP1 has a strong binding ability with calcium ions and is necessary for calcification of extracellular Malingera.
- One feature of the present invention is that a relationship between the negative ion state at the bone formation site and the bone mineralization rate has been found.
- the inventor selectively expressed the DMP1 gene in bone tissue and accumulated the protein in the bone matrix. The expression level was adjusted by changing various conditions, and it was confirmed that there was an optimal concentration of DMP1 production and bone mineralization rate. It was confirmed by the present invention that DMP1 is a protein that is highly negatively charged in tissues, and that this is strongly related to the rate of bone calcification. Stone Ashing is the deposition of calcium phosphate in the extracellular matrix, but DMP1 attracts calcium ions, and collagen attracts phosphate, so that calcium ions and phosphate accumulate at the same site, resulting in calcium phosphate. It is thought that crystals are formed and calcification is promoted.
- DMP1 and its derivatives function as calcification promoting factors. It has already been established that DMP1 can be produced by genetic engineering, and it is possible to use recombinant DMP1 that has been mass-produced in a system using a known general-purpose E. coli host promoter system. In particular, post-translational modifications such as sugar chain structure are not necessary, and DMP1 produced by E. coli is sufficient.
- the DMP1 derivative has one to several amino acid substitutions / deletions, additions, etc., that maintain the calcification-promoting function of DMP1, particularly the conserved sequence confirmed in mammals, and Synthetic polypeptides consisting of dozens of amino acids partially mimicking the amino acid sequence of DMP1 are also targeted.
- the derivative include a protein having a bone-forming scaffold structure or a biodegradable synthetic resin.
- proteins collagen, particularly type I collagen, and polylactic acid derivatives can be suitably used as biodegradable synthetic resins.
- the bond may be any physical or chemical bond, but is preferably a disulfide bond.
- DMP1 may be a mixture with a protein having a matrix structure or a biodegradable synthetic resin even if it is not derivatized.
- the amount of DMP1 used to promote calcification per 1 ml of the material may be any concentration that promotes bone mineralization.
- it is usually O. l g or more, preferably several g, more preferably 5 to 20 ⁇ g.
- DMP1 in order to fill DMP1 into the target bone formation part, it is preferably prepared in a paste form by general-purpose means by blending with a known composition. Yes.
- a blended composition with collagen or polylactic acid derivative can be used.
- a vector carrying the DMP1 gene or a derivative gene thereof can exhibit the bone mineralization promoting function of the present invention by means of specific gene introduction into bone tissue.
- the object of the present invention can also be achieved by means for carrying a gene in a self-propagating vector. That is, a vector carrying the DMP1 gene can also be included in the calcification promoting factor of the present invention.
- the means for introducing the gene is desirably an integration method, for example, a ribosome method, a calcium phosphate method, an electroporation method, or the like.
- a transient expression method such as a ribosome method, a calcium phosphate method, an electroporation method, a virus vector method, or a atelocollagen method may be used.
- the vector to be used is not particularly limited, and any set of known plasmids, phages, cosmids, BACs, YACs, recombinant viruses, transposons, etc. into which inserted DNA fragments can be introduced by ordinary recombination experiments. It can be applied to replacement vectors.
- vectors can be constructed with promoters and enhancers for which known combinations are suitable.
- a commercially available protein expression vector in which a promoter suitable for a normal host is inserted can be used.
- telocollagen examples include ZAP Express (manufactured by Stratagene), pSVK3 (manufactured by Amersham Pharmacia Biotech), pEGFP-Cl (manufactured by Clontech), and atelocollagen.
- the mouse pro-CK 1 (1) collagen promoter was used in the examples of the present invention, but other osteocalcin promoters may be used. Since this promoter is a promoter of a protein that is specifically secreted by osteogenic cells, it provides a powerful means for specifically expressing DMP1 in bone tissue.
- the insertion of the DMP1 polynucleotide into the vector comprises Alternatively, the DNA fragment containing this is ligated so as to be placed under the control of a promoter downstream of the promoter in the vector.
- a vector having the following is also preferably used. There are no particular restrictions on the polypeptide used as the tag, but examples include the FLAG tag (BioTechniques, 7, 580, (1989)).
- DMP1 or a derivative thereof thus prepared can be directly loaded into the bone formation site where bone mineralization is desired.
- a vector carrying the DMP1 gene or its derivative gene can be administered by direct injection, gene gun, injection or the like.
- DMP1 or a derivative thereof can be used for filling a joint of a fracture, filling a bone after removing bone by infection, filling a joint after filling a bone after a wide excision due to tumor or osteomyelitis, and the like. It can be used effectively for alveolar bone filling after alveolar bone removal due to alveolar pyorrhea, filling for alveolar ridge formation of dentures, filling for alveolar bone formation for implant implantation, etc. With the introduction of the present invention, after the osteogenic cells grow and the extracellular matrix is produced, the level of calcification rises early, and early function can be demonstrated as mature bone.
- the pharmaceutical composition containing the calcification promoting factor of the present invention as an active ingredient can contain a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
- the pharmacologically acceptable salts include conventional non-toxic salts, that is, acid addition salts and salts with various bases. You can.
- inorganic acid salts such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid
- organic acid salts such as acetic acid, citrate, fumaric acid, and tartaric acid
- sulfonates such as methanesulfonic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid
- alanine Amino acid salts such as leucine, glutamic acid and the like
- alkali metal salts for example, sodium salts, potassium salts, etc.
- alkaline earth metal salts for example, magnesium salts, calcium salts, etc.
- triethylamine salts pyridine
- organic amine salts such as salts, picoline salts, ethanolamine salts, triethanolamine salts, dicyclohexylamine salts, N, N, and monodibenzylethylenediamine salts.
- the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the bone mineralization promoting method and the bone mineralization promoting factor, but also the bone or tooth formation method using the bone mineralization promoting method, the bone or dental disease and the like. It also extends to methods of treatment for damage.
- the present invention includes a pharmaceutical composition comprising the calcification promoting factor of the present invention as an active ingredient, and a therapeutic agent for bone or dental disease and Z or disorder, and further a bone or tooth forming agent. Is included.
- Rat DMP1 gene translation region from start codon to stock and pucodon is expressed selectively in bone tissue with pro- ⁇ 1 (1) collagen promoter (Reference: J Cell Biol. 1995; 129: 1421-1432)
- a construct for the production of transgenic mice was constructed by incorporating restriction enzymes into pNASS jS (CLONTECH Lab., Inc.). This construct The gene was introduced into a fertilized egg of C57B / L, a DMP1 transgenic mouse was prepared, and the bone density of the bone tissue in which DMP1 was forcibly expressed (4 groups per group, 3 groups) was examined. The bone density at each part of the femur at 3 months of age was measured. The expression level of DMP 1 in bone tissue was examined in Northern, the site of expression was confirmed again by in situ hybridization, and about 5 times normal expression of DMP1 was forcibly expressed, about 30 times normal expression for normal. These were compared with normal mice.
- Figure 1 shows the bone density of the cortical bone on the distal side of the mouse femur.
- the horizontal axis was sliced in 0.5mm increments from the distal side, and each bone density (mg / cm 3 ) of slices up to No. 15 was measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT).
- pQCT peripheral quantitative computed tomography
- DMP1 transgenic mice in which DMP1 was forcibly expressed approximately 30 times normal showed no change in bone density compared to normal mice. It was confirmed that DMP1 supplementation has an adaptive amount, and that it has no effect when accumulated in large amounts in bone tissue. In other words, when it is forced to express about 5 times the normal, the rate of increase in cortical bone density is faster than normal, which means that calcification is promoted.
- the effect of DMP1 was confirmed by the gene transfer method as an experimental system, but this effect proved that the same effect can be derived even if DMP1 itself is filled directly or together with a matrix substance such as collagen in the target site. I think it is.
- Fig. 2 shows the bone density of cortical bone at the diaphysis of the femur of a mouse.
- the horizontal axis shows each Tg2M (DMP1 is forced to express approximately 5 times normal from the left.
- WT normal mice
- the means of the present invention is an effective means for promoting bone formation at an early stage by increasing the speed of calcification by causing calcification in the extracellular matrix portion that is a scaffold for calcification during bone formation. I will provide a. As a result, it provides new clinical significance in bone treatment.
- the means of the present invention promotes the calcification of bone during the bone formation period, but when the calcification level rises and mature bone formation ends, the function of promoting calcification is no longer exhibited. Therefore, it can be a treatment method for bone diseases with excellent safety without causing side effects such as hypercalcification.
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Non-Patent Citations (12)
| Title |
|---|
| HARADA D. ET AL.: "Kotsuga saibo yo saibo ni okeru dentin matrix protein 1 oyobi bone matrix protein no idenshi hatsugen ni tsuite", NIPPON TAISHA GAKKAI ZASSHI, vol. 19, no. 2, 2001, pages 106, XP002904642 * |
| NARAYANAN K. ET AL.: "Differentiation of embryonic mesenchymal cells to odentoblast-like cells by overexpression of dentin matrix protein 1", PROC. NATL. ACAD. SCI USA, vol. 98, no. 8, 2001, pages 4516 - 4521, XP002904644 * |
| NARAYANAN K. ET AL.: "Dual functional roles of dentin matrix protein 1", J. BIOL.CHEM., vol. 278, no. 9, May 2003 (2003-05-01), pages 17500 - 17508, XP002904648 * |
| ROSSERT J. ET AL.: "Separate cis-acting DNA elements of the mouse pro-alpha1 (I) collagen promotor direct expression of reporter genes to different type 1 collagen-producing cells in transgenic mice", J. CELL. BIOL., vol. 129, no. 5, 1995, pages 1421 - 1432, XP002904645 * |
| TOYOSAWA S. ET AL.: "Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) wa kotsuga saibo dewa naku, kotsu saibo ni tokuiteki ni hatsugen suru", NIPPON TAISHA GAKKAI ZASSHI, vol. 19, no. 2, 2001, pages 32, XP002904641 * |
| TOYOSAWA S. ET AL.: "Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1): a new bone matrix protein", INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS SERIES, vol. 1243, 2002, pages 83 - 94, XP002904640 * |
| TOYOSAWA S. ET AL.: "Expression of the dentin matrix protein 1 gene in birds", J. MOL. EVOL., vol. 50, 2000, pages 31 - 38, XP002904646 * |
| TOYOSAWA S. ET AL.: "Kossetsu no chiryo katei ni okeru dentin matrix protein 1 no hatsugen ni tsuite", JAPANESE ASSOCIATION FOR ORAL BIOLOGY, vol. 45, no. 5, September 2003 (2003-09-01), pages 280, XP002904650 * |
| TOYOSAWA S. ET AL.: "Kossetsu no chiryo katei ni okeru DMP1 idenshi hatsugen to tanpaku gatsugen ni kansuru kenkyu", NIHON BYORI GAKKAI SHI, vol. 92, no. 1, April 2003 (2003-04-01), pages 224, XP002904649 * |
| TOYOSAWA S. ET AL.: "mRNA expression and protein localization of dentin matrix protein 1 during dental root formation", BONE, vol. 34, January 2004 (2004-01-01), pages 124 - 133, XP002904651 * |
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| TOYOSAWA S. ET AL: "Dentin matrix protein 1 is predominantly expressed in chicken and rat osteocytes but not in osteoblasts", J. BONE. MINER. RES., vol. 16, no. 11, 2001, pages 2017 - 2026, XP002904647 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012013249A1 (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2012-02-02 | Université de Liège | Dentin matrix protein 1 (dmp1) for use in pharmaceutical compositions |
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| JP5484648B2 (ja) | 2014-05-07 |
| JPWO2004078217A1 (ja) | 2006-06-08 |
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