WO2005097999A1 - Procede d'amelioration des plantes - Google Patents
Procede d'amelioration des plantes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005097999A1 WO2005097999A1 PCT/FR2005/000753 FR2005000753W WO2005097999A1 WO 2005097999 A1 WO2005097999 A1 WO 2005097999A1 FR 2005000753 W FR2005000753 W FR 2005000753W WO 2005097999 A1 WO2005097999 A1 WO 2005097999A1
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- Prior art keywords
- starch
- plant
- gene
- phosphorylase
- grains
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
- C12N15/8241—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology
- C12N15/8242—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits
- C12N15/8243—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine, caffeine
- C12N15/8245—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine, caffeine involving modified carbohydrate or sugar alcohol metabolism, e.g. starch biosynthesis
Definitions
- starch phosphorylase The degradation of starch involves several enzymes, including ⁇ -amylase (endoamylase), ⁇ -amylase (exoamylase), amyloglucosidase, and alpha-glucan phosphorylase (starch phosphorylase).
- ⁇ -amylase endoamylase
- ⁇ -amylase exoamylase
- amyloglucosidase alpha-glucan phosphorylase
- starch phosphorylase alpha-glucan phosphorylase
- Inactivation of the starch phosphorylase gene means that the gene is rendered non-functional, that is to say it no longer or practically no longer allows the expression of an active starch phosphorylase protein, the protein being no longer or practically no longer expressed, or else in a mutated non-functional form, incapable of exerting its enzymatic properties. Inactivation of the gene can be carried out by any means of those skilled in the art (see Torneycroft et al., 2001), in particular by interruption of the gene, or extinction of gene expression (“gene silencing").
- a mutation is introduced into the gene coding for starch phosphorylase, which makes this gene non-functional, namely that it becomes unable to express the enzyme, or that the enzyme produced is inactive .
- the mutation may consist of an insertion of nucleotide (s), for example between exon 6 and intron 6 of the starch phosphorylase gene. The extinction of the gene can thus be carried out by insertion of T-DNA.
- the sequence SEQ ID No. 2 thus shows the starch phosphorylase gene from Arabidopsis thaliana in which a T-DNA sequence is inserted.
- the invention also relates to the use of the polynucleotide sequence SEQ ID No.
- One to two insertions are obtained on average per plant. Segregation analyzes show that 57% of the transformants contain 1 insertion locus, 25% 2 locus, 8% 3 locus and 2% more than 3. A molecular analysis of the labeled mutants shows that these insertions are done at random, are stable , maintained in the descendants and that there is little bias of insertions.
- Inactivation of the endogenous starch phosphorylase gene can also be obtained by mutagenesis of plant cells, for example by UV irradiation, by a chemical mutagen, or by insertion of transposons. Transposable elements have the ability to disrupt the expression of genes into which they are inserted and to generate deletions, rearrangements, and mutations at the target locus.
- transposable element If there is a transposable element near a gene of interest, it can therefore be remobilized to reinsert itself in the gene or nearby (Ito et al, 1999). It is thus possible to do local mutagenesis in a region of particular interest.
- One technique of mutagenesis by transposons which can be advantageously used is mutagenesis by transposon Mutator confirmed by screening in reverse genetics (Bensen et al., 1995; Das et al., 1995). This technique implements the steps consisting in crossing a “Mutator” line with hybrids of the plants of interest and then in screening the F1 plants obtained by PCR with a primer specific for transposons and a primer specific for the nucleotide sequence coding for starch phosphorylase.
- the viral molecules of positive and negative polarities produced during the replication cycle of the virus are recognized as double-stranded RNAs and degraded into small sense and antisense RNAs of 22 nucleotides which in turn will trigger the degradation of endogenous homologous mRNAs.
- small RNAs of 22 nucleotides derived from viral RNAs suggests that the viruses that induce VIGS are also able to resist them.
- the advantages of this method is above all its simplicity and the speed of its implementation. In addition, it suffices to clone 23 base pairs of a gene into the virus to specifically target its inactivation.
- the extraction of the starch produced can be carried out according to standard techniques known to those skilled in the art.
- the solubilization of starch is also known to a person skilled in the art and can be carried out by soaking and fractionating the starch grain, or for example by heating.
- enzymes can be used to destruct starch, such as amylases.
- the starch produced can also be used in many industries: paper and cardboard industry, adhesive industry, textile industry, pharmaceutical industry (for drug formulation), etc.
- the starch produced can also undergo other modifications, in particular chemical modifications such as acid treatment, oxidation, esterification, etc. before its use. This starch can be used for the preparation of derived products, in particular food products.
- Figure 1 is a diagram representing the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana.
- Figure 2 is a graph showing the relative levels of starch accumulation in the mutant line compared to the wild-type reference line (WS).
- FIG. 3 is a comparison of spectrophotometric analysis profiles of starch from the wild and mutant lines after steric exclusion chromatography on the CL-2B sepharose matrix.
- FIG. 4 is a comparison of photographs of views with a transmission electron microscope of starch grains (enlargement x3000).
- mutant line The inventors studied the phenotypes of a mutant line of Arabidopsis thaliana, produced by interruption of a gene for starch phosphorylase (locus designated AtPHO-1).
- This line (DDS72) is one of 50,000 mutant lines produced by random insertion of T-DNA, as described by Balzuergue et al., 2001.
- the mutant line DDS72 of Arabidopsis thaliana studied exhibits insertion of DNA- T at the junction of exon 6 and intron 6 (see Figure 1 and SEQ ID
- the phosphorylases function in the direction of the synthesis of polysaccharides by adding a residue of glucose at the non-reducing end of the glycans available via an ⁇ -1, 4 bond. The activity is then revealed by coloring the gel with iodine. It is the form of rapid migration (on glycogen or starch) which disappears completely in the mutant at the AtPHO-1 locus.
- ⁇ ma ⁇ of the iodine-polvsaccharide complex The length of the maximum absorbance of the complex formed by the iodine with the polysaccharides is determined by spectrophotometry. 100 ⁇ g of starch are dissolved in 100% DiMethylSulfOoxide (DMSO) for 10 minutes at 100 ° C. This solution is then brought to 10% in DMSO. To 400 ⁇ l of this solution are added 100 ⁇ l of a 0.02% l 2 and 0.2% Kl iodine solution. The absorption spectrum is produced between 400 and 700 nm. The quantities of polysaccharides present in each fraction can also be determined using the Enzytec assay kit. There does not seem to be any particular modification of the starch structure of the AtPHO-1 mutant line if a comparison is made between the two profiles presented in FIG. 3. 4. Analysis of the structure of the starch accumulated by the AtPHO-1 line by electron microscopy:
- the pellet (containing the chloroplasts) was resuspended in 500 ⁇ l of the same buffer and loaded onto a discontinuous Percoll gradient: 2 ml of 65% Percoll (bottom of the tube), 2 ml of 45% Percoll, 2 ml of 20% Percoll (top of the tube).
- the sample was centrifuged for 30 minutes at 4200 g and 4 ° C.
- the pellet formed at the interface between the 45% and 65% Percoll layers was collected and diluted in two volumes of the purification buffer and then centrifuged at 1800 g at 4 ° C for 2 minutes. The pellet was then washed twice in the same buffer and resuspended in 200 ⁇ l of the purification buffer.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP05744153A EP1730283A1 (fr) | 2004-03-29 | 2005-03-29 | Procede d'amelioration des plantes |
CA002560655A CA2560655A1 (fr) | 2004-03-29 | 2005-03-29 | Procede d'amelioration des plantes |
AU2005232009A AU2005232009A1 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2005-03-29 | Method for improving plants |
US10/594,526 US20070209088A1 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2005-03-29 | Method for Improving Plants |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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FR0403242A FR2868080B1 (fr) | 2004-03-29 | 2004-03-29 | Procede d'amelioration des plantes |
FR0403242 | 2004-03-29 |
Publications (1)
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WO2005097999A1 true WO2005097999A1 (fr) | 2005-10-20 |
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PCT/FR2005/000753 WO2005097999A1 (fr) | 2004-03-29 | 2005-03-29 | Procede d'amelioration des plantes |
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US (1) | US20070209088A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1730283A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2005232009A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2560655A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2868080B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2005097999A1 (fr) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008012356A1 (fr) * | 2006-07-28 | 2008-01-31 | Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique - Inra | Plantes rendues défectueuse pour l'activité de l'amidon synthétase soluble iv, méthodes permettant d'y parvenir et utilisations |
WO2009061720A1 (fr) * | 2007-11-05 | 2009-05-14 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Methodes destinees a augmenter la teneur en amidon de vegetaux |
EP2074218A1 (fr) * | 2006-09-11 | 2009-07-01 | Wageningen Universiteit | Procédés et dispositifs de production d'amidon présentant au moins une caractéristique modifiée |
US9434954B2 (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2016-09-06 | Agrivida, Inc. | Plants with altered levels of vegetative starch |
US9598700B2 (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2017-03-21 | Agrivida, Inc. | Methods and compositions for processing biomass with elevated levels of starch |
US10443068B2 (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2019-10-15 | Agrivida, Inc. | Plants with engineered endogenous genes |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2401385A4 (fr) * | 2009-02-25 | 2012-10-10 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Procédés destinés à augmenter la teneur en amidon dans la rafle d'une plante |
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WO1997044471A2 (fr) * | 1996-05-17 | 1997-11-27 | MAX-PLANCK-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. | Plants de pomme de terre a activite reduite de la phosphorylase cytosolique de l'amidon et a comportement en germination modifie |
WO1998035051A1 (fr) * | 1997-02-10 | 1998-08-13 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Department Of Agriculture And Agri-Food Canada | Pommes de terre transgeniques avec reduction des niveaux d'activite de la tubercule-phosphorylase de type l ou h alpha-glucan et avec reduction de l'adoucissement au froid |
WO1998040503A1 (fr) * | 1997-03-10 | 1998-09-17 | Planttec Biotechnologie Gmbh | Molecules d'acide nucleique codant la phosphorylase d'amidon provenant du maïs |
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-
2004
- 2004-03-29 FR FR0403242A patent/FR2868080B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-03-29 WO PCT/FR2005/000753 patent/WO2005097999A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2005-03-29 EP EP05744153A patent/EP1730283A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-03-29 CA CA002560655A patent/CA2560655A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-29 US US10/594,526 patent/US20070209088A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-29 AU AU2005232009A patent/AU2005232009A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20030135883A1 (en) * | 1999-09-02 | 2003-07-17 | Singletary George W. | Novel starch synthase polynucleotides and their use in the production of new starches |
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DUWENIG E ET AL: "THE ROLE OF STARCH PHOSPHORYLASE IN POTATO: THE FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF AN ENIGMATIC ENZYME", PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS, ROCKVILLE, MD, US, vol. 111, no. 2, 1 June 1996 (1996-06-01), pages 48, XP002070972, ISSN: 0032-0889 * |
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008012356A1 (fr) * | 2006-07-28 | 2008-01-31 | Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique - Inra | Plantes rendues défectueuse pour l'activité de l'amidon synthétase soluble iv, méthodes permettant d'y parvenir et utilisations |
JP2009544299A (ja) * | 2006-07-28 | 2009-12-17 | アンスティテュ ナシオナル ドゥ ラ ルシェルシュ アグロノミック (インラ) | 可溶性デンプン合成酵素iv(ssiv)活性を欠いた植物、該植物を得るための方法、およびその使用法 |
AU2007278208B2 (en) * | 2006-07-28 | 2013-03-14 | Csic (Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas | Plants defective for Soluble Starch Synthase IV (SSIV) activity, methods for obtaining the same, ans uses thereof |
EP2074218A1 (fr) * | 2006-09-11 | 2009-07-01 | Wageningen Universiteit | Procédés et dispositifs de production d'amidon présentant au moins une caractéristique modifiée |
WO2009061720A1 (fr) * | 2007-11-05 | 2009-05-14 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Methodes destinees a augmenter la teneur en amidon de vegetaux |
US9018447B2 (en) | 2007-11-05 | 2015-04-28 | Agrivida, Inc. | Methods for increasing starch content in plants |
US9434954B2 (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2016-09-06 | Agrivida, Inc. | Plants with altered levels of vegetative starch |
US9598700B2 (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2017-03-21 | Agrivida, Inc. | Methods and compositions for processing biomass with elevated levels of starch |
US10443068B2 (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2019-10-15 | Agrivida, Inc. | Plants with engineered endogenous genes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2560655A1 (fr) | 2005-10-20 |
EP1730283A1 (fr) | 2006-12-13 |
US20070209088A1 (en) | 2007-09-06 |
FR2868080B1 (fr) | 2007-11-16 |
AU2005232009A1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
FR2868080A1 (fr) | 2005-09-30 |
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