WO2006011367A1 - オーディオ信号符号化装置および復号化装置 - Google Patents
オーディオ信号符号化装置および復号化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006011367A1 WO2006011367A1 PCT/JP2005/012941 JP2005012941W WO2006011367A1 WO 2006011367 A1 WO2006011367 A1 WO 2006011367A1 JP 2005012941 W JP2005012941 W JP 2005012941W WO 2006011367 A1 WO2006011367 A1 WO 2006011367A1
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- energy
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- audio signal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
- G10L19/008—Multichannel audio signal coding or decoding using interchannel correlation to reduce redundancy, e.g. joint-stereo, intensity-coding or matrixing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S3/00—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an audio signal encoding apparatus and decoding apparatus.
- Conventional audio signal encoding methods and decoding methods include ISO / IEC international standard methods, commonly known MPEG methods, and the like as well-known methods.
- ISO / IEC 13818-7 commonly known as MPEG2 AAC (Advanced Audio Coding)
- MPEG2 AAC Advanced Audio Coding
- Non-Patent Document 1 ISO / IEC 14496-3: 2001 AMD2 "Parametric Coding for High Quality Audio
- Patent Document 1 US Published Patent US2003 / 0035553 "Backwards- compatible Perceptual Coding of Spatial Cues
- Patent Document 2 US Published Patent US2003 / 0219130 "Coherence-based Audio Coding and Synthesis"
- an audio signal encoding device is an audio signal encoding device that encodes a multi-channel audio signal, and is a listener of the multi-channel audio signal.
- Energy sum calculation means for calculating the sum of the energy of the channel signals existing on the front side and the sum of the energy of the channel signals existing on the back side of the listener, the energy sum on the front side, and the energy on the back side It is characterized by comprising energy ratio calculating means for calculating the ratio to the sum, and energy ratio sign means for signing the calculated ratio of the energy sum.
- the energy ratio sign means may quantize the sign of the energy sum according to a discrimination characteristic related to a sense of wrapping.
- the discrimination feature indicates that the discrimination performance is the highest when the difference between the energy sum on the front side and the energy sum on the back side is within a predetermined range.
- the ratio sign means that the difference between the energy sums on the front side and the back side is the smallest! / ⁇ is quantized so that the quantization accuracy is highest, and the number of bits decreases as the energy sum difference increases. Quantization may be performed.
- the audio signal decoding apparatus of the present invention decodes a code sequence representing a multi-channel audio signal to output a multi-channel audio signal having an auditory wrapping feeling.
- Audio signal decoding means for generating a multi-channel audio signal by decoding a code string, the signal decoding device By decoding the code string, the ratio between the energy sum of the channel signal existing on the front side of the listener and the energy sum of the channel signal existing on the back side of the listener is decoded.
- Energy ratio decoding means, and energy distribution means for distributing energy to the front side channel and the back side channel according to the ratio of the decoded energy sum.
- a down-mix signal that does not read and process the auxiliary information at the time of decoding. If only the part is decoded, even a speaker or headphone having a 2-channel signal playback system can be played back with a low computational complexity and high sound quality.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a processing flow of an encoding device and a decoding device according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between a listener and a sound source indicated by channel information.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a coding method that changes the quantization accuracy of the front and rear energy ratios based on human auditory characteristics.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an encoding device and a decoding device each including the energy ratio encoding unit and the energy distribution unit shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a processing flow of audio signal encoding apparatus 100 and decoding apparatus 110 of the present embodiment.
- this embodiment it does not matter what encoding method is used to encode and decode the audio signal of each channel! It will be described later as an example.
- This encoding device 100 is an encoding device that encodes the energy ratio between the front and rear of the multi-channel signal in order to restore the wrapping feeling due to the multi-channel signal in the decoding device 110.
- the energy ratio sign 400 is provided.
- Energy ratio The signal key unit 400 also includes a front channel energy calculation unit 101, a rear channel energy calculation unit 102, a front rear energy ratio calculation unit 103, and an energy quantization code unit 104.
- the code key sequence 109 is a signal encoded by the code key device 100.
- the decoding device 110 calculates the energy ratio between the front and rear of the multi-channel signal from the code string 109 output by the coding device 100, and outputs each decoded channel.
- This is a decoding device that distributes energy so that the original signal is wrapped by the signal, and includes an energy distribution unit 410.
- the energy distribution unit 410 includes an energy decoding / inverse quantization unit 105, a front / rear energy calculation unit 106, a front channel energy distribution unit 107, and a rear channel energy distribution unit 108.
- Figure 2 shows the relationship between the listener and sound source indicated by the channel information.
- L front L channel
- R front R channel
- C center channel
- BR back R channel
- LF E Low Frequency Effect
- the front channel signals (L, R, C) are input to the front channel energy calculation unit 101.
- the front channel energy calculation unit 101 calculates the energy of each of the front channel signals (L, R, C) and calculates the total energy of the front channel signal.
- the rear channel signals (BL, BR) are input to the rear channel energy calculation unit 102.
- the rear channel energy calculation unit 102 calculates the energy of each of the rear channel signals (BL, BR) and outputs the rear channel signal. Calculate the total energy. Since the processes of the front channel energy calculation unit 101 and the rear channel energy calculation unit 102 are a part of the audio encoding method, the processes are generally performed at specified time intervals. In other words, energy is calculated at each time interval.
- the front channel energy and the rear channel energy are input to the front-rear energy ratio calculation unit 103.
- the front-rear energy ratio calculation unit 103 calculates the energy ratio between the front channel energy and the rear channel energy.
- the output of the front-rear energy ratio calculation unit 103 includes the absolute amount of energy obtained only by the energy ratio (the front energy itself or the rear energy itself, or the sum of the forward energy and the rear energy. ) Is also output.
- the energy quantization code unit 104 quantizes the code sequence 109 using the energy ratio and the absolute amount of energy, which are the outputs of the front-rear energy ratio calculation unit 103, as inputs.
- the quantization method and the sign key method are not particularly specified.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of encoding apparatus 100 and decoding apparatus 110 including energy ratio encoding section 400 and energy distribution section 410 shown in FIG.
- Encoding apparatus 100 includes an energy ratio encoding unit 400, a downmixing unit 401, a frequency converting unit 402, a quantizing unit 403, an encoding unit 404, and a multiplexing unit 405.
- Decoding apparatus 110 includes demultiplexing section 406, decoding section 407, inverse quantization section 408, inverse frequency conversion section 409, energy distribution section 410, and signal separation section 411.
- the encoding device 100 will be described. In parallel with the fact that the energy ratio of the front and rear channels and the absolute amount of energy are quantized and signed in the energy ratio sign section 400, the downmix section 401, the frequency conversion section 402, the quantization section 403 Each channel signal is encoded by the encoding unit 404.
- the front channel signal (L, R, C) and the rear channel signal (BL, BR) force are input to the down-mit- ter unit 401.
- the downmix unit 401 generates a left downmix signal represented by (L + BL) Z2 from the front left channel signal L and the rear left channel signal BL. Further, a right downmix signal represented by (R + BR) / 2 is generated from the front right channel signal R and the rear right channel signal BR.
- the center channel signal C remains unchanged.
- the present invention is not limited to any downmitas method used here.
- the signal from the downmix unit 401 is input to the frequency conversion unit 402.
- the frequency converter 402 converts the signal for each channel into a frequency spectrum on the frequency axis, for example, by a predetermined number of samples.
- the quantization unit 403 quantizes the frequency-converted signal of each channel.
- the sign key unit 404 encodes the quantized transform coefficient.
- Multiplexing section 405 multiplexes the encoded transform coefficients of each channel and the energy ratio encoded by energy ratio encoding section 400 and outputs code string 109.
- the decoding apparatus 110 reproduces the energy of the signal of the front channel and the energy of the signal of the rear channel, with the code sequence 109 encoded by the encoding apparatus 100 as an input.
- the energy decoding / dequantizing unit 105 of the energy distributing unit 410 reads the code sequence separated from the code sequence 109 by the demultiplexing unit 406 shown in FIG. Decodes the channel energy ratio and the absolute amount of energy (front energy itself or rear energy itself, or the sum of forward energy and backward energy).
- the front / rear energy calculation unit 106 receives the energy ratio of the front channel and the rear channel and the absolute amount of energy, and outputs the energy sum of the front channel and the energy sum of the rear channel.
- the energy sum of the front channel is input to the front channel energy distribution unit 107, and the energy sum of the rear channel is input to the rear channel energy distribution unit 108.
- the demultiplexing unit 406 demultiplexes the code string representing the spectrum of the left channel, the right channel, and the center channel from the code string 109.
- the decoding key unit 407 decodes a code string corresponding to each channel.
- Inverse quantization section 408 performs inverse quantization on the decoded spectrum of each channel.
- the inverse frequency converting unit 409 converts the left channel, right channel, and center channel signals represented by the frequency spectrum into signals represented by a function of time.
- the signal separator 411 is a downmix converted to a function of time. Separate the signal into the original multi-channel signal.
- the front left channel signal L and the rear left channel signal BL are separated from the left channel signal
- the front right channel signal R and the rear right channel signal BR are separated from the right channel signal.
- the front channel energy distribution unit 107 derives the energy of each of the L, R, and C channels according to the energy ratio between the front channels
- the rear channel energy distribution unit 108 calculates the energy ratio between the rear channels. To derive the energy of each channel of BL and BR. By generating each channel signal according to the energy derived in this way, the wrapping feeling of the original signal by the multi-channel signal is restored.
- the encoding apparatus 100 also includes a front channel energy calculation unit 101, a rear channel energy calculation unit 102, a front / back energy ratio calculation unit 103, and an energy quantization code unit 104.
- the code key sequence 109 is a signal encoded by the code key device 100.
- the decoding device 110 includes an energy decoding / inverse quantization unit 105, a front / back energy calculation unit 106, a front channel energy distribution unit 107, and a back channel energy distribution unit 108.
- the encoding device 100 and the decoding device 110 focus on characteristics related to the feeling of wrapping, which is one of the spatial impressions of listeners when listening to multi-channel audio. , The role of reflections from behind the listener in spatial ⁇ mpression ", Masayu i orimoto, Kazuniro Iida, et.al, Applied Acoustics 2001, pp.1 09-124, etc.
- the ratio between the sound source level of the sound source and the sound source level of the rear channel in other words, the ratio between the sound source level of the front channel and the energy level of the rear channel (in this embodiment, , Which is called FBR (Front Back Energy Ratio)) means that there is a possibility that a listener can be provided with a sufficient feeling of wrapping.
- FBR Front Back Energy Ratio
- the channels are L, R, C, and the rear channels are BL, BR.
- a multi-channel system may have a larger number of channels or a smaller number of channels.
- the front channel is the front channel
- the rear channel is the rear channel. It can be handled in the same manner as this embodiment.
- the front channel signals (L, R, C) are input to the front channel energy calculation unit 101, and the front channel energy calculation unit 101 calculates the total energy of the front channel signal.
- the rear channel signals (BL, BR) are input to the rear channel energy calculation unit 102, and the rear channel energy calculation unit 102 calculates the total energy of the rear channel signals. Since the processes of the front channel energy calculation unit 101 and the rear channel energy calculation unit 102 are a part of the audio encoding method, the processes are generally performed at specified time intervals. In other words, energy is calculated for each time interval.
- the energy of the front channel is Ef
- the energy of the rear channel is Eb.
- the energies of the front channel signals (L, R, C) are LE, RE, and CE
- the front-rear energy ratio calculation unit 103 calculates the energy ratio FBR (see equation (1)) between the front channel energy and the rear channel energy.
- FBR 10 1og (Ef / Eb) (1)
- the output of the front-rear energy ratio calculation unit 103 includes the absolute amount of energy obtained by the above-mentioned energy ratio alone (the front energy Ef itself, or the rear energy Eb itself, or the front energy and the rear energy.
- the added value Ef + Eb) is also output.
- the energy quantization code unit 104 receives the energy ratio (FBR), which is the output of the front-rear energy ratio calculation unit 103, and the absolute amount of energy, and inputs the quantity.
- the code string 109 is generated by the child.
- the energy ratio (FBR) is a value that is strongly related to the listener's audibility characteristics related to the “wrapping feeling”, during quantization, in the range that is sensitively perceived by human auditory characteristics.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a coding method that changes the quantization accuracy of the front and rear energy ratios based on human auditory characteristics.
- the horizontal axis represents the front-to-back energy ratio (Ef / Eb), and the internal vertical line represents the density of the quantization accuracy.
- Ef / Eb front-to-back energy ratio
- the internal vertical line represents the density of the quantization accuracy.
- Ef I Eb 1
- the difference between the energy values before and after is most easily perceived.
- the energy values of the front and back are different from each other originally, even if the original energy is slightly deviated, it is not perceived by the human ear. Therefore, when the front / rear energy ratio (Ef / Eb) is close to “1”, fine quantization is performed for the energy ratio, and coarser quantization is performed as the distance from “1” is increased.
- the decoding apparatus 110 reproduces the energy of the signal of the front channel and the energy of the signal of the rear channel, with the code sequence 109 encoded by the encoding apparatus 100 as an input.
- the code sequence 109 is read by the energy decoding / inverse quantization unit 105, and the energy ratio (FBR) of the front channel and the back channel and the absolute amount of energy ( The forward energy itself Ef, or the backward energy itself Eb, or the sum of the forward energy and the backward energy Ef + Eb) is decoded.
- the front-rear energy calculation unit 106 receives the energy ratio (FBR) of the front channel and the rear channel and the absolute amount of energy, and calculates the energy sum Ef of the front channel and the rear channel. Output the energy sum Eb.
- the energy sum Ef of the front channel is input to the front channel energy distribution unit 107, and the energy sum Eb of the rear channel is input to the rear channel energy distribution unit 108.
- the front channel energy distribution unit 107 derives the energy of each of the channels L, R, and C according to the energy ratio between the front channels, and the rear channel energy distribution unit 108 determines the BL according to the energy ratio between the rear channels.
- the energy of each channel is derived.
- the method for decoding the energy ratio between the front channels and the energy ratio between the rear channels is not particularly defined in the present application. In general, decryption is performed based on separately available information.
- the audio signal encoding device 100 and the decoding device 110 configured in this way are used, it is easy to maintain the characteristic of "envelopment" when listening to the multi-channel of the listener, and there are few It is possible to provide a comfortable sound field even when multi-channel playback is performed by forming a code sequence with information.
- the encoding method and decoding method for each channel signal described in the above embodiment are merely examples, and are used in the audio signal encoding device and the decoding device of the present invention.
- the encoding method and decoding method for each channel signal are not limited to this.
- a 5-channel multi-channel signal was downmixed into 3 channels, the left channel, the right channel, and the center channel, but the left channel, the right channel, and the center channel were encoded.
- the signal may be downmixed to a monaural signal to be encoded and decoded.
- the audio signal decoding method and encoding method of the present invention can be applied to all applications to which the audio encoding method and decoding method have been applied.
- Code stream which is a bit stream encoded with audio code, is currently used for transmission of broadcast contents, applications that are recorded and played back on storage media such as DVDs and SD cards, and communication devices represented by mobile phones. This is used when transmitting AV content to the Internet. In addition, when transmitting audio signals as electronic data exchanged over the Internet. It is useful.
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Cited By (2)
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JP2009508157A (ja) * | 2005-09-13 | 2009-02-26 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | オーディオ符号化 |
JP2009527970A (ja) * | 2006-02-21 | 2009-07-30 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | オーディオ符号化及び復号 |
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US9009057B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2015-04-14 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Audio encoding and decoding to generate binaural virtual spatial signals |
US9865270B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2018-01-09 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Audio encoding and decoding |
US10741187B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2020-08-11 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Encoding of multi-channel audio signal to generate encoded binaural signal, and associated decoding of encoded binaural signal |
US12165656B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2024-12-10 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Encoding of a multi-channel audio signal to generate binaural signal and decoding of an encoded binauralsignal |
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