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WO2006118533A1 - Rotor debrayable - Google Patents

Rotor debrayable Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006118533A1
WO2006118533A1 PCT/SE2006/000533 SE2006000533W WO2006118533A1 WO 2006118533 A1 WO2006118533 A1 WO 2006118533A1 SE 2006000533 W SE2006000533 W SE 2006000533W WO 2006118533 A1 WO2006118533 A1 WO 2006118533A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
torque limiter
electric motor
motor
torque
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2006/000533
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lennart Stridsberg
Original Assignee
Stridsberg Innovation Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stridsberg Innovation Ab filed Critical Stridsberg Innovation Ab
Publication of WO2006118533A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006118533A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D7/00—Slip couplings, e.g. slipping on overload, for absorbing shock
    • F16D7/02—Slip couplings, e.g. slipping on overload, for absorbing shock of the friction type
    • F16D7/024—Slip couplings, e.g. slipping on overload, for absorbing shock of the friction type with axially applied torque limiting friction surfaces
    • F16D7/025—Slip couplings, e.g. slipping on overload, for absorbing shock of the friction type with axially applied torque limiting friction surfaces with flat clutching surfaces, e.g. discs
    • F16D7/027—Slip couplings, e.g. slipping on overload, for absorbing shock of the friction type with axially applied torque limiting friction surfaces with flat clutching surfaces, e.g. discs with multiple lamellae
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
    • F16F15/129—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon characterised by friction-damping means
    • F16F15/1297—Overload protection, i.e. means for limiting torque
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/108—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with friction clutches

Definitions

  • the present invention is generally concerned with electric motors.
  • the energy stored in the rotor inertia can cause damage when the load suddenly jams.
  • machine tools where work pieces may drop into the active area of a moving part thus forcing it to stop in a very short distance.
  • Another example is an actuator in an aircraft or in a special vehicle where the power from a motor is transferred over long shafts. If a shaft is driven at one end of the shaft and jams in the other end, the high torque required to stop the motor rotor may cause permanent deformation of the transfer shafts.
  • Torque limiting devices have been used together with electric motors to solve various problems. Many of these applications are designed to eliminate problems originating in the properties of earlier motor technology and can presently be handled by current controlled brushless motors.
  • EP 0 164 846 A2 discloses a system where an electric motor 1 is connected to a load over a torque limiter 6-8-4 (single friction disc, two friction surface places) external to the motor and a cog gear 10-11 to roller nut.
  • the nut operates a screw 3 that acts as the final output element.
  • the force over the torque limiter can be varied by a combination of springs and hydraulic piston, thus permitting the torque when slip occurs to be controlled by a variation of the pressure in the hydraulic fluid.
  • the invention is from 1985, and the same purpose can with present technology be obtained by a current controlled brushless motor acting without any torque limiter.
  • DE 03012637 Al for Schulz discloses an electric hand tool having a motor rotor 2 with an output shaft that is shaped as a cog wheel 3 that drives a cogwheel 4 in which a torque limiter 13 (single friction surface place) is integrated.
  • the speed of both sides of the torque limiter can be sensed by sensors 14 and 15 thus permitting the control system to detect a slip and reduce the motor torque accordingly. I this way the heat dissipation of both motor and torque limiter and the torque to the hand tool output can be limited.
  • Another purpose is to protect the motor.
  • U.S. patent 4,474,428 for Wunsch discloses a rear mirror for a vehicle including an integrated combined electric motor and gear box 1.
  • the application was filed in 1981 and the brush DC motors common for small motors at mat time have high heat dissipation if operating at a speed substantially lower than the no load speed for the supply voltage.
  • the output shaft 2 from the gear box end in a torque limiter 3 (single friction surface place).
  • the torque limiter will permit the motor to run, thus reducing its current and heat generation.
  • the same purpose can with present technology be obtained by a current controlled brushless motor acting without any torque limiter.
  • patent 4,499,409 for Bauer discloses a method to permit a series wound brush DC motor to be reversed by simply shifting the polarity of the supply voltage. If this is done while the motor runs at high speed, the new supply voltage will add to the emf of the motor, thus creating a very high current and torque.
  • Bauer solves this by a switches activated by a torque limiter (single friction surface place) connected to a rear motor shaft.
  • U.S. patent 6,268,669 Bl for Wakao and others discloses an electrically assisted steering for a vehicle.
  • Yet another purpose is to limit the power required to run a cooling fan.
  • EP 0 826 266 for Lienert discloses a cooling fan assembled on the rear shaft of a motor. Between the motor shaft and the fan there is a permanent magnet torque limiter. The slip torque of the torque limiter is selected to permit the fan to rotate at the maximum speed required for the cooling purpose of the fan. If the motor runs faster, the torque required to run the fan would increase and the torque limiter would start to slip.
  • DE 19935733 Al for Kershaw and others shows another fan application where an electric motor and a clutch is used. Li this case the clutch is not intended to operate in the slip mode.
  • the fan can be driven by the DC motor at a low speed, by the DC motor at a high speed or by the engine over a belt wheel connected by the clutch; in this case the DC motor is disconnected.
  • a purpose of the invention is to provide a compact and light electric motor where the rotor will release from the output shaft if the torque surpasses a certain level.
  • An electric motor includes an external shaft, an electromagnetically active rotor and a stator having a winding. It further includes a torque limiter that is coupled to transfer forces and/or torque between the external shaft and the rotor. The torque limiter or at least the major part thereof is placed inside the motor.
  • - Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a motor with an integrated torque limiter in the rotor
  • - Fig. 2 is a front view of an inner friction disc corresponding to item 102 of fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 is a front view of an outer friction disc corresponding to item 104 of fig. 1,
  • Fig. 4a is a sectional view of a motor with an integrated torque limiter in the rotor
  • Fig. 4b is a detail view of the torque limiter components of the rotor of Fig. 4a.
  • Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a motor provided with an integrated torque limiter located in the rotor.
  • the rotor external shaft 101 is torsionally rigidly connected to four inner friction discs like 102. These are torsionally kept in position by splines like 103. Interleaved between the inner friction discs 102 are five outer friction discs 104.
  • the discs are pressed against each other by a rear pressure hub 105 and a front pressure hub 106.
  • the rear pressure hub 105 is axially locked by the external rotor shaft 101 on one side and the inner ring of internal bearing 107 and a lock nut 108 on the other side.
  • the front pressure hub can move axially along the external shaft 101 and is pressed by a disc spring 109 against the adjustment hub 110.
  • This has a tapped hole acting against a tapped surface of the external rotor 101. This permits an adjustment of the pretension of disc spring 109.
  • the outer friction discs have splines that forces them to keep a fix torsional position relative to the rotor tube 111 that carries the rotor magnets 112.
  • the rotor tube 111 is radially kept in position in the front end by a PTFE bearing 113 between the rotor tube 112 and the adjustment hub 110. In the rear end, it is kept radially by the internal shaft 114 and the centre bearing 107.
  • a torque limiter is thus placed inside the motor and even inside the rotor, taken in a radial direction, this e.g. giving a small total length of the motor. Generally, at least a part of the torque limiter may be placed inside the motor to give a reduced length compared to conventional motors.
  • the two shafts will behave as a conventional rotor, being suspended between a rear bearing 116 and a front bearing 115 that is preloaded by a spring 120.
  • the internal bearing 107 is static during such operations.
  • the preload from spring 120 will pass the internal bearing 107, thus reducing its radial play.
  • the PTFE bearing 113 can be made with a rather tight for applications where the torque limiter is assumed to be active very seldom if ever.
  • the commutation and position feedback is attached to the internal rotor shaft 114 that is angularily fixed to the rotor tube 111.
  • a resolver having a stator 117 and a rotor 118 is provided that is kept in place against the rear bearing 116 inner ring by a screw 119. It is important that the angular position of the rotor magnets 112 is fixed relative to the feedback rotor like 118, since otherwise the commutation information taken from the feedback would be useless.
  • Fig. 2 is a front view of an inner friction disc corresponding to item 102 of Fig. 1.
  • the channel that fits to a spline 103 of Fig. 1 is shown at 103'.
  • Fig. 3 is a front view of an outer friction disc corresponding to item 104 of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 4a is a sectional view of another electric motor having an integrated torque limiter located inside the rotor 402.
  • the difference from the motor shown in Fig. 1 concerns the bearing structure between the motor external shaft 401 and the rotor 402. hi the embodiment of Fig. 4, the two parts are radially aligned by two ball bearings 403 and 404 with pretension to reduce the play.
  • the pretension is arranged by a set 405 of disc springs. To the left these springs press against the pressure transfer ring 406 that presses against the inner race of the ball bearing 403. The outer race is pressed towards the right by a hollow screw 407 that is screwed into the rotor 402. To the right the springs 405 press against a pressure distribution washer 408 that compresses a set of three inner torque limiter disks 409 and two outer torque limiter disks 410. After yet a pressure distribution washer 411 the force ends in a flange 412 of the shaft 401. Further to the left, the force will enter the inner race of bearing 404 pressing it towards the right.
  • the outer race of the same bearing will be pressed towards the left by the rotor 402 which is engaged with the hollow screw 407, thus closing the force loop.
  • the same set of springs 405 can in this manner supply both the pretension for bearings 403 - 404 and the torque limiter axial force.
  • the friction discs 409 are connected to the output shaft 401 by splines in the same manner as shown for Figs. 1 - 3.
  • the friction discs 410 are also connected to the rotor tube 407 by splines.
  • Magnets 419 are assembled on the rotor tube and are acting together with the stator winding 420 to produce the motor torque.
  • the two bearings 403 and 404 will rotate only if a jam occur in the system driven by the motor when the motor speed is high. In the machine tool and aircraft examples given above, this will happen very seldom if at all during the life of the system.
  • the bearings 413 and 414 will rotate in the normal manner for a motor. The play in these bearings is cancelled by pretension from a set 415 of disc springs. It is important to note that the pretension force from the springs 415 will pass bearing 404 in the same direction as the force from springs 405. If in another design they would counteract each other, the net pretension of bearing 404 could be too small or nil.
  • Felt rings 416 and 417 are added to absorb grease that could eventually leak from the bearings 403 - 404. The purpose is to stop eventual grease leaks to contaminate the friction surfaces of the torque limiter discs 409 - 410.
  • the arrangement of having a common spring set to handle both the pretension of the rotor internal bearings and the axial force in the torque limiter package is not always economical but reduces component count.
  • the required force for the system can be adjusted by turning the hollow screw 407.
  • two separate sets according to normal motor bearing pretension and torque limiter design can be used.
  • the pretension of the torque limiting elements can be independent of the internal bearing pretension as shown in Fig. 1 or common as in Fig. 4a.
  • the torque limiting elements can be discs with an axial pretension as shown but can alternatively be made as a drum brake with a radial pretension force.
  • the bearing pretension can be common for three bearings as shown in Fig 1.
  • the bearing pretension can be made common for all four bearings using a separate pretension arranged for the torque limiter.
  • the bearing pretension can be made common for all four bearings and for the torque limiter, thus reducing component count compared with the embodiment shown in Fig. 4a.
  • the implementations shown have the complete torque limiter inside the magnetically active part of the rotor, that is inside the cylinder radially limited by the magnets such as 419 of Fig. 4a and axially by the magnet length shown as 421 in Fig. 4a.
  • This can alternatively be described as the cylinder defined by the stator-rotor air gap.
  • the torque limiting device can be located inside the larger cylinder defined radially by the stator winding 410 and axially by its length 418.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un moteur électrique dont l'arbre extérieur (101) est relié à une partie magnétiquement active du rotor du moteur par un dispositif limiteur de couple disposé à l'intérieur du moteur.
PCT/SE2006/000533 2005-05-01 2006-05-02 Rotor debrayable WO2006118533A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0500992 2005-05-01
SE0500992-3 2005-05-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006118533A1 true WO2006118533A1 (fr) 2006-11-09

Family

ID=37308240

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2006/000533 WO2006118533A1 (fr) 2005-05-01 2006-05-02 Rotor debrayable

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2006118533A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2943935A1 (fr) * 2009-04-03 2010-10-08 Mbh Dev Machine electroportative avec dispositif de motorisation "sans balais" destinee a des applications de poncage, surfacage, meulage, forage, notamment.
CN105422774A (zh) * 2015-11-23 2016-03-23 中国矿业大学 一种采煤机截割部传动元件过载保护装置
EP4296536A1 (fr) * 2022-06-22 2023-12-27 Microtecnica S.r.l. Amortissement d'une transmission mécanique
EP4403789A1 (fr) * 2023-01-12 2024-07-24 Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd. Ensemble d'alimentation et automobile
WO2024188393A1 (fr) * 2023-03-15 2024-09-19 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Embrayage de surcharge présentant un axe de rotation
WO2024192766A1 (fr) * 2023-03-23 2024-09-26 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 Ensemble arbre, rotor de moteur électrique et moteur électrique

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB633446A (en) * 1946-08-02 1949-12-19 Ubaldo Ranzi Improvements in or relating to driving machines comprising a centrifugal clutch and an electric motor
DE904204C (de) * 1951-02-28 1954-02-15 Carl Schenck Maschinenfabrik D Antrieb mit Rutschkupplung od. dgl. fuer Rotoren
JP2001002214A (ja) * 1999-06-24 2001-01-09 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd インデント送り用コンベア
EP1426287A1 (fr) * 2001-09-11 2004-06-09 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Systeme propulseur et generateur de puissance d'un vaisseau

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB633446A (en) * 1946-08-02 1949-12-19 Ubaldo Ranzi Improvements in or relating to driving machines comprising a centrifugal clutch and an electric motor
DE904204C (de) * 1951-02-28 1954-02-15 Carl Schenck Maschinenfabrik D Antrieb mit Rutschkupplung od. dgl. fuer Rotoren
JP2001002214A (ja) * 1999-06-24 2001-01-09 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd インデント送り用コンベア
EP1426287A1 (fr) * 2001-09-11 2004-06-09 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Systeme propulseur et generateur de puissance d'un vaisseau

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2943935A1 (fr) * 2009-04-03 2010-10-08 Mbh Dev Machine electroportative avec dispositif de motorisation "sans balais" destinee a des applications de poncage, surfacage, meulage, forage, notamment.
EP2239091A1 (fr) * 2009-04-03 2010-10-13 M.B.H. Developpement Machine électroportative avec dispositif de motorisation "sans balais" destinée à des applications de ponçage, surfaçage, meulage, forage notamment
CN105422774A (zh) * 2015-11-23 2016-03-23 中国矿业大学 一种采煤机截割部传动元件过载保护装置
EP4296536A1 (fr) * 2022-06-22 2023-12-27 Microtecnica S.r.l. Amortissement d'une transmission mécanique
EP4403789A1 (fr) * 2023-01-12 2024-07-24 Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd. Ensemble d'alimentation et automobile
WO2024188393A1 (fr) * 2023-03-15 2024-09-19 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Embrayage de surcharge présentant un axe de rotation
WO2024192766A1 (fr) * 2023-03-23 2024-09-26 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 Ensemble arbre, rotor de moteur électrique et moteur électrique

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